HUT77213A - Cyclone separator - Google Patents

Abstract

The cyclone separator has a casing (1) surrounding a dynamically balanced separation chamber (2) and a device (3, 4) for supplying air and possibly material to be separated into the separation chamber (2) and opening tangentially into it. The cyclone separator also has an outlet (19) for coarse material and an immersion pipe (9) to remove the separation air with fine material. The air supply device takes the form of two channels (3, 4) running spirally around the main axis (16) of the cyclone separator and opening into the separation chamber (2).

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a cyclone separator with a housing surrounding a rotationally symmetrical screening space and having means for introducing the product to be graded into the screening space

which extend tangentially into the grading space, and also have an outlet for the coarse-grained product coarse fraction and an outlet for the grading air containing the fine-grained product coarse fraction.

Such a device is described in EP 398 864 A2, which is intended to separate at least one solid or liquid substance from a liquid or gaseous medium by centrifugal force.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a cyclone separator of the type described in the introduction, which provides a very good classification and separation by a very simple construction.

The object of the present invention is solved by providing a means for introducing the screening air, and optionally the product to be screened, into the screening space at least one channel that flows obliquely upwardly into the screening space.

Through at least one obliquely upwardly extending passageway into the screening space, the air passes helically through the screening space, causing the product to be graded by gravity to be repeatedly transported upward and thus remain in the screening space for an extended period of time. In this way, it is possible to separate the product to be classified more precisely, which has a positive effect especially in the middle fraction range. The coarse-grained material - the coarse fraction - is clamped down by the centrifugal force and sinks down there, whereas the fine-grained material - the fine fraction - flows downward with the mounting air in the middle of the classroom.

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In addition, the significant benefit of longer residence time of the material to be classified in the classroom can be achieved in a very simple manner without the need for more technical effort than a cyclone separator.

The features of the preferred and advantageous embodiments of the cyclone separator of the present invention are listed in the dependent claims and will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

Figure 1 is an example of a cyclone separator according to the invention. illustrates a conceptual outline of its embodiment in longitudinal section;

Figure 2 is a sectional view of the cyclone separator of Figure 1 taken along line II-II of Figure 1;

Figure 3 shows a front view of a cyclone separator according to the invention, wherein the submersible is rotated 90 ° in the plane of the drawing for easier representation;

Figure 4 is a top plan view of the cyclone separator of Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of a further embodiment of the cyclone separator according to the invention;

Figure 6 is a sectional view taken along line VI-VI of the cyclone separator shown in Figure 5; finally

Figure 7 illustrates, with guide vanes and a grading wheel, a further embodiment of the cyclone separator according to the invention.

1 and 2 of the invention. In its embodiment, the cyclone separator has a housing 1 which defines a screening space 2, where the material to be separated is graded by the centrifugal force according to the different masses of the particles.

Two spiral-shaped channels 3 and 4 are provided for introducing the screening air and possibly the material to be separated, which are disposed diagonally opposite each other and penetrate from the bottom up into the screening space 2, thereby providing the movement component of the screening air and the material to be separated against gravity. they hand over.

In one embodiment of the present invention, the material to be classified passes through the channels 3 and 4 together with the screening air. In another embodiment of the invention shown in Fig. 1, the material to be separated can also be introduced through channels 5 and 6 extending into the area around the upper end of the screening space 2 and through a spreader 7 embedded in the housing 1 and driven therethrough. , can be transferred to 2 classrooms.

If, in the embodiment shown in Fig. 1, the material to be graded is to be separated by means of the diverting air, then the channels 5 and 6, as well as the spreader 7, are of course not required.

From below, a dip tube 9 extends from below to the screen 2, the mouth 10 of which is radially centered in the screen 2. The dip tube 9, as shown in Fig. 1, can be curved in one piece under the mouth 10 and can be led out of the housing 1 sideways. Through the submersible pipe 9, the air and fine fraction can be removed. The coarser fraction sinks to the outer wall of the housing 1 for an approx. annular space 11 formed between the dip tube 9 and the wall of the housing 1 and then discharged through the outlet 19.

A guide means 12 is disposed on the dip tube 9 around its mouth 10. The guide means 12 is a conical plate ring that is gas tightly secured to the outer face of the submersible tube at its lower diameter upper flange while its lower, larger diameter rim protrudes from the outer peripheral surface of the submersible tube 9. These 12 guides have the following effects:

The guide means 12 hardly changes the circumferential velocity (flow conditions) and thus the centrifugal force in the classifier 2. The guide means 12 shields the flow disturbances in the annular space 11 caused by the curved dip tube 9 from the classifier 2.

The advantageous effect that the guide means 12, which can be doubled as shown in Figure 5, can be further enhanced by the guide ring 13, which is applicable to all embodiments of the cyclone separator according to the invention. The shape of the guide ring 13 corresponds to a tapered truncated conical mantle extending from the top down, with its larger diameter upper edge being gas-tightly attached to the inner side of the housing wall, while its smaller diameter lower edge is pushed inward from the housing edge. Thus, the guide ring 13 extends downwardly and inwardly from the housing 1 wall.

On the inner wall of the housing 1, as shown in Fig. 2, baffles 20 which extend inwardly into the grading space 2 can be attached. These baffles 20 contribute to the mixing of the screened material centrifuged on the wall of the housing 1, whereby the finer fraction is returned to the screening space 2, since the space between the baffles 20 is flushed through the channeling air introduced through channels 3 and 4. The baffles 20, of which only one piece is shown in Figure 1, extend downwardly to the guide ring 13 at the full height of the screening space 2 or slightly above the height of the passage 3 and 4 of the channel.

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In order to improve the flow conditions in the cyclone separator, i.e. to better control the flow and eliminate the vortexes, a larger number of baffles 14 may be used than the one shown in FIG. are located in the vicinity of the transition to the outlet. The outflow space 15 is the space extending upwardly about the axial extension of the dip tube 9.

The baffles 14, as shown in FIG. 7, are curved in cross-section and are preferably adjustable to suit the particular conditions, in particular the flow rate. The baffle blades 14 ensure that the separating, converging air is able to pass from the rotating motion to the radial motion and then to the axial motion with a smooth fraction, thereby reducing the flow resistances, which again has a positive effect on the required energy use.

Advantageously, the baffles 14 can be arranged such that they extend from the mouth 10 of the dip tube 9 towards the major axis 16 of the cyclone separator, thereby further improving the flow from the radial to the axial direction.

In addition, a grading wheel 17 with blades 18 may be additionally used to further distinguish the coarse fraction from the fine fraction. The grading wheel 17 rotates outside the baffles 14 and extends substantially over the entire height of the grading space 2.

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It will be understood that the throughput of the cyclone separator of the present invention may be increased by employing more than two inlet channels. In addition, an additional copier dip tube, which is located opposite the lower dip tube 9 and extends from the top to the housing 1 and the grading space 2, can additionally be used with the lower dip tube 9 shown in the figures.

In summary, the invention can be described as follows:

The cyclone separator has a housing 1 which surrounds a substantially rotationally symmetrical screening space 2, and has passageways 3 and 4 for introducing the screening air, and optionally the substance to be screened, into the screening space 2, which channels tangentially to the screening space 2. The cyclone separator is further provided with 19 outlets for coarse fraction and 9 submersibles for venting the fine air and fine fraction. The channels 3 and 4 for supplying the separating air curve in a spiral shape around the main axis 16 of the cyclone separator and extend into the screening space 2.

Claims (18)

Claims Cyclone separator with a housing (1) enclosing a rotationally symmetrical screening space (2), further comprising means for discharging the separating air and optionally material to be separated into the screening space (2), which extends tangentially into the screening space (2), having an outlet (19) for the coarse fraction and an outlet (10) for the separating air and the fine fraction, characterized in that the means for introducing the separating air and optionally the material to be separated is at least one channel that opens obliquely upwardly into the classroom (2). The cyclone separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the channel (3, 4) extends in a spiral shape around the main axis (16) of the cyclone separator into the screening space (2). The cyclone separator according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that at least two channels (3,4) which are disposed diagonally perpendicular to one another are used to introduce the separating air. 4. Cyclone separator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the outlet air (10) for separating air and fine fraction is the mouth of the dip tube (9) which centrally protrudes from the bottom into the screening space (2). The cyclone separator according to claim 4, characterized in that β-· · β β β hogy hogy hogy hogy an additional submerged duct, centrally extending from the top to the screening space (2), is provided for removing the separating air and the fine fraction. 6. A cyclone separator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in the upper region of the screening space (2) is arranged a device for feeding the material to be separated, preferably a spreader plate (7). 7. A cyclone separator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a conductive means (12) is disposed on the lower dip tube (9) near the mouth (10). A cyclone separator according to claim 7, characterized in that the guide means (12) taper upwardly towards the mouth (10) of the dip tube (9). Cyclone separator according to Claim 7 or 8, characterized in that more than one, preferably two, guide means (12) are applied to the lower submersible pipe (9), which taper to the mouth (10) of the submersible pipe (9). they are in the shape of a truncated cone. 10. A cyclone separator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that an inwardly extending guide ring (13) is arranged on the wall of the housing (1) in the vicinity of the screening space (2) and the mouth (10) of the lower dip tube (9). 11. A cyclone separator according to claim 10, characterized in that the guide ring (13) is a "taper" of a top-down tapering mantle. · * Μ »« «4 ·« • · · * ······ · · «· *. 12. A cyclone separator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the outlet (19) for the coarse fraction is located at the lower end of a substantially annular space delimited by the housing (1) and the lower dip tube (9). 13. A cyclone separator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that deflector vanes (14, 20) are arranged in the classifying space (2). The cyclone separator according to claim 13, characterized in that the deflector vanes (14) extend slightly over the axial extension of the screening space (2). 15. A cyclone separator according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that the classifying space (2) is surrounded by a centrally located and expelled space (15) for the separation of the separating air and the fine fraction in the axial extension of the mouth (10), and the baffles (14) are located in the boundary zone between the screening space (2) and the outflow space (15). A cyclone separator according to claim 15, characterized in that the deflector vanes (14) extend into the outflow space (15). 17. A 13-16. A cyclone separator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the deflector vanes (14) have a curved cross-section. · _ * »Ι · ·« ♦ * «· ·« · · · ««> <· «* ·. «• Ί · * *« «« «« »» » 18. A 13-17. A cyclone separator according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the deflector vanes (14) are radially adjustable.