EP0778597B1 - Interrupteur avec un mécanisme de commutation actionné une température excessive - Google Patents

Interrupteur avec un mécanisme de commutation actionné une température excessive Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0778597B1
EP0778597B1 EP96115007A EP96115007A EP0778597B1 EP 0778597 B1 EP0778597 B1 EP 0778597B1 EP 96115007 A EP96115007 A EP 96115007A EP 96115007 A EP96115007 A EP 96115007A EP 0778597 B1 EP0778597 B1 EP 0778597B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
switch
heating resistor
switch according
contact element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96115007A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0778597A2 (fr
EP0778597A3 (fr
Inventor
Marcel Hofsäss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
HOFSAESS, MARCEL
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP0778597A2 publication Critical patent/EP0778597A2/fr
Publication of EP0778597A3 publication Critical patent/EP0778597A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0778597B1 publication Critical patent/EP0778597B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H1/00—Contacts
    • H01H1/50—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position
    • H01H1/504—Means for increasing contact pressure, preventing vibration of contacts, holding contacts together after engagement, or biasing contacts to the open position by thermal means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H71/00—Details of the protective switches or relays covered by groups H01H73/00 - H01H83/00
    • H01H71/10—Operating or release mechanisms
    • H01H71/12—Automatic release mechanisms with or without manual release
    • H01H71/14—Electrothermal mechanisms
    • H01H71/16—Electrothermal mechanisms with bimetal element

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a switch with a in the event of overtemperature switching mechanism on which a movable Contact part is arranged, at least with a first Counter contact cooperates and with this a first switching contact forms, depending on the temperature of the Switchgear is open or closed, and with at least a first heating resistor.
  • Such a switch is known from DE-OS 37 10 672.
  • the well-known switch is a temperature monitor for one electrical consumer and includes an overtemperature opening bimetallic switchgear to which the heating resistor runs in parallel is switched.
  • the task of the known temperature monitor is to control the current flow by the electrical consumer to interrupt if this Consumer has too high a temperature.
  • the well-known temperature monitor is in series with the consumer switched so that the temperature monitor of the by the Current flowing through consumer is, which Bimetal switchgear and thus the switch contact at temperatures is closed below the response temperature.
  • the heating resistor connected in parallel in the Housing of the bimetal rear derailleur integrated.
  • the housing includes a pot-shaped lower part and an associated cover part, either from insulating material or from an electrical conductive resistance material can exist.
  • the bimetallic snap disc and one Arranged spring washer which carries the movable contact part, which is assigned a fixed counter contact, that of the cover part will be carried.
  • the spring washer presses the movable one Contact part against the fixed counter contact and serves at the same time the current flowing through the contacts to the bottom part forward to which a first external connection is attached.
  • the second external connection of the known temperature monitor is arranged on the cover part and stands by the cover part therethrough in electrically conductive contact with the fixed counter contact of the bimetal rear derailleur.
  • the heating resistor can either be off consist of the resistance material of the cover part or be printed on the cover part if this is made of insulating Material is made.
  • the known temperature monitor has the disadvantage that the embodiment where the cover part from electrical conductive resistance material is made, an insulating sleeve between the cover part and the bottom part is required to ensure a defined current path. Furthermore, from Disadvantage that the housing in this embodiment is not is able to absorb high pressures. Is the heating resistor against it formed by a printed resistance path, so is disadvantageous that this resistance path is spiral and / or must be trained in arcs to achieve the desired current flow to reach. The disadvantages concern the high in both cases Manufacturing effort.
  • Another temperature monitor is from DE-OS 41 42 716 known.
  • This temperature monitor includes an overtemperature or overcurrent opening bimetal switchgear, to which a first Heating resistor in parallel and with a second heating resistor is connected in series.
  • the heating resistor connected in series ensures current monitoring. Reaches the Electricity through the consumer and thus through the bimetal switchgear a predetermined limit value, the in Series connected heating resistor so far that the bimetal switchgear finally reaches its response temperature and opens. In this case, the self-retention takes place on the same Way as described above.
  • the heating resistor connected in series is as an etching or Stamped part or as a film printed with a resistor in close proximity as well as thermal and electrical contact arranged with the spring washer of the bimetal rear derailleur in such a way that it comes to rest in the bottom part of the housing.
  • this object is achieved in that the first Heating resistor is provided on the movable contact part.
  • the object on which the invention is based is achieved in this way completely solved. It is not the case with the new switch more required, the heating resistor as a separate component to be provided and if necessary with the interposition of an insulating part in to mount the housing.
  • a first advantage of the new switch is that the number of components is significantly reduced will, in addition to the contact part required anyway no additional components required to the heating resistor and to implement an insulating layer if necessary.
  • a second advantage of the new switch results from the simplified Assembly, since now only the one to be assembled anyway Contact part must be inserted in the switch, whereby the Heating resistor is installed at the same time, so that here additional There are no assembly steps during production.
  • This heating resistor can now be used for a self-holding function, an overtemperature protection or also only for preheating to set the switching point serve what he either in the open or in the closed State of the rear derailleur in series with this between external connections the switch must be switched as this continues explained in more detail below using the specific examples will be.
  • a second heating resistor is provided is also on the movable contact part is formed, which cooperates with a second counter contact and forms a second switch contact with this one switching state opposite to the first switching contact having.
  • the second heating resistor is also on the contact part is realized so that switches with Overtemperature and overcurrent protection are much simpler can be, since significantly fewer components are required. This not only reduces costs because of reduced warehousing and fewer components, but also through the simplified assembly.
  • the rear derailleur as a changeover switch is formed, in a first switching state, in the first switching contact is closed, the first heating resistor in series between the switch's external connections is switched, and in a second switching state in which the second switch contact is closed, the second heating resistor is connected in series between the external connections.
  • movable contact part at least in a resistance range is made of resistance material.
  • the advantage here is that by the geometry and the material the resistance value of the heating resistors can be determined. For example, constantan or other suitable alloys, PTC thermistor material or others suitable ceramics, doped semiconductor materials, graphite etc. are used. By choosing the material and the The new switches can therefore use geometry in a simple manner to the required response values regarding self-retention or overcurrent protection or preheating. Rear deraille with different response parameters can therefore be processed according to Art a modular system, depending on the requirement different contact parts are used.
  • the movable contact part at least in regions with resistance material is coated.
  • Resistors can be arranged without the Contact parts need to be redesigned.
  • These resistances can for example in thick-film or thin-film technology, as carbon resistance or for example by sputtering as PTC resistor can be provided.
  • too new contact parts are made on their counter contact facing side are formed with a plate, so a correspondingly large area for the training of To be able to provide resistance.
  • the switching mechanism is electrical conductive spring element comprising the movable contact part carries and with it mechanically and over a support area is electrically connected, the heating resistor between the support area and a contact surface is formed, with which the contact part comes into contact with the counter contact.
  • the spring element can either a bimetallic snap disc or one against the bimetallic snap disc can be a spring washer. in the In the case of a two-way switch, for example, in a switch position the bimetallic snap disc and in the other the Spring washer for the electrical connection of the movable Ensure the contact part to the external connections.
  • the contact part is almost completely is made of resistance material and the resistance value of the heating resistor due to the geometry of the contact parts between the contact area and the contact surface as well as the specific Resistance of the resistance material is determined.
  • This measure is also advantageous in terms of production technology, because the entire movable contact part can be made from a single Material are made so that the production is very easy and is inexpensive to do. Then it is only still on the geometry of the movable contact part in the area between the contact surface and the contact area, in order to find the right one for the applicable specific resistance To be able to set the resistance value of the heating resistor.
  • the resistance layer is the Forms contact surface and / or the support area.
  • the advantage here is that a series connection is simple between the contact part, the heating resistor, the counter contact and the electrically conductive spring element is achieved.
  • the resistance layer can meet the geometric conditions applied to the support area or to the contact surface be so that existing contact parts in a simple manner can be provided with a heating resistor.
  • the spring element is a spring washer is working against a bimetallic snap disc, and that Switch a housing with an electrically conductive lower part, in which the rear derailleur is arranged, and a the lower part closing cover part on which the first counter-contact is arranged, the spring element against the contact part presses the first counter contact and on the inside Supporting the lower part.
  • switches are also encapsulated switches known in which the rear derailleur against external influences is protected, the contacting via the lower part and the lid part is made either electrically conductive itself is or consists of an insulating material and one Plating through to the first counter contact.
  • 10 denotes a switch, which is a housing 11 comprising: a lower part 12 and a cover part 13.
  • the Lower part 12 has a flange 14 through which the Cover part 13 pressed onto a shoulder 15 of the lower part 12 is, so that overall an encapsulated housing 11 is formed.
  • a bimetal rear derailleur 16 arranged, which is a spring element in the form of a spring washer 17 includes a movable contact member 18 carries.
  • the movable contact part 18 is assigned a counter contact 19, which is arranged on the inside of the cover part 13.
  • the mobile Contact part 18 and the counter contact 19 form a switching contact 20th
  • the spring washer 17 is supported with its edge 21 on the bottom 22 of the lower part 12 from to the contact part 18 against the mating contact 19 to press.
  • a bimetallic snap disk 23 is located above the contact part 18 put up in the state shown in Fig. 1 below her Response temperature is.
  • a heating resistor 24 provided over a contact ring 25 with the shoulder 15 of the lower part made of electrically conductive material 12 is in electrical connection. Via an inner contact ring 26, the heating resistor 24 is electrical with the mating contact 19 connected through a rivet 28 with an outside on the cover part 13 made of insulating material provided first connection 28 is connected. A second Terminal 29 of the switch 10 is through the lower part 12 itself educated.
  • the heating resistor is 24 connected in parallel to the bimetal switchgear 16 and in the in this switching state shown in Fig. 1 electrically bridged. If now the bimetallic snap disk 23 on a Temperature is raised above its response threshold, so it snaps from the convex shown into a concave shape around and presses the movable contact part 18 of the Counter contact 19 away so that it stands out from this. This can the bimetallic snap disc on the inside of the cover part 13 support. The bimetallic snap disk 23 should be there can come into contact with the heating resistor 24 provide suitable insulation measures, which in Fig. 1 For reasons of clarity are not shown.
  • the movable contact member 18 is a substantially cylindrical one Part with a centrally arranged annular shoulder 31, through which the contact part 18 between the spring washer 17 and the bimetallic snap disk 23 is clamped.
  • the ring shoulder 31 comes with a support area 32 on the spring washer 17 to lie, which makes them not only mechanical, but also electrically with the electrically conductive spring washer 17 in Connection is established.
  • the contact part 18 faces the counter contact 19 Projection 33 on which a resistance layer 34 is provided which forms a heating resistor 35, which in the in Fig. 1st Switching state shown with its contact surface 36 in plant with the counter contact 19.
  • the heating resistor 35 flowed through by the current flowing through the switch 10, since it is in series with the bimetal rear derailleur 16 between the External connections 28 and 29 is switched.
  • the vote of Resistance values of heating resistors 24 and 35 are selected that with switch 10 closed, the current essentially flows through the heating resistor 35.
  • This heating resistor 35 can now either preheat the bimetal switchgear 16 are used so that the switching point is set exactly can be.
  • it is possible through the heating resistor 35 set a current sensitivity so that in the event of excessive current flow through the switching mechanism 10, the response temperature the bimetallic snap disk 23 is exceeded and the switch 10 opens the switch contact 20.
  • the resistance layer 34 in Thick film or thin film technology, as carbon resistance, as PTC element, for example by sputtering, or in another appropriate technology attached to the movable contact member 18 can be.
  • FIG. 2 is a representation similar to FIG. 1 further switch 10 'shown, in which the cover part 13 is made entirely of insulating material and none Has heating resistor.
  • the spring washer 17 carries a movable contact part 40, not only with a first counter contact 19 but also still cooperates with a second counter-contact 41, which on Bottom 22 of the lower part 12 is arranged.
  • the contact part 40 has an upper projecting resistance area 42, which acts as a heating resistor 35 and via the contact surface 36 is in contact with the mating contact 19 when the one in FIG. 2 shown switching state is assumed.
  • a second protruding resistance range 43 which acts as a heating resistor 44 and the role of Heating resistor 24 from FIG. 1 takes over.
  • the resistance range 43 is via its contact surface 45 with the second counter contact 41 can be brought into contact with the movable contact part 40 forms a second switching contact 46.
  • the bimetal rear derailleur 16 designed as a changeover switch 47.
  • the purpose is the first counter contact 19 with a contact layer 48 connected on the inside of the lid part 13 is arranged.
  • the bimetallic snap disk 23 snaps again here around and thereby comes into contact with the contact layer 48.
  • the movable contact part 40 in FIG pressed down so that it contacts the second mating contact 41 arrives and closes the second switching contact 46 while the first switch contact 20 is opened.
  • the changeover switch 47 it flows through the switch 10 'current flowing now from the external connection 28 over the contact layer 48 into the bimetallic snap disk 23 and from this either in the spring washer 17, with her Edge 21 still in contact with this bimetallic snap disk 23 is, or via the bimetallic snap disk 23 and one Support area 49 on the annular shoulder 31 in the contact part 40. From here the current passes through the heating resistor 44 and the second mating contact 41 to the external connection 29, so that the second heating resistor 44 in series with the bimetallic switching mechanism is connected between the outer connections 28, 29.
  • the protruding resistance areas 42, 43 made of any suitable resistance material, such as. B. Constantan, a common resistance alloy, a doped Semiconductor material, a PTC ceramic or similar ceramics or can also be made of graphite.
  • the resistance value of the respective heating resistor the geometry of the contact part 40 between the contact surfaces 32 and 49 and the contact surfaces 36 and 45 are decisive.
  • the movable contact part 40 can be complete be made of a resistance material, whereby the Production of the contact part 40 itself becomes very simple.
  • the contact part 40 instead of the resistance areas 42, 43 projections 42, 43 to be provided which are provided with a resistance layer, so that the heating resistors are designed as the Heating resistor 35 in FIG. 1.

Landscapes

  • Thermally Actuated Switches (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)
  • Slide Switches (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Interrupteur comprenant un disjoncteur (16) commutant en cas d'échauffement excessif, sur lequel est montée une partie de contact mobile (18, 40), qui coopère au moins avec un premier contact opposé (19, 41) et constitue, avec celui-ci, un premier contact de commutation de commande (20, 46) qui est ouvert ou fermé, en fonction de la température du disjoncteur (16), et comprenant au moins une première résistance chauffante (35, 44), caractérisé en ce que la première résistance chauffante (35, 44) est prévue sur la partie de contact mobile (18, 40).
  2. Interrupteur selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'est prévue une deuxième résistance chauffante (44, 35), formée également sur la partie de contact mobile (18, 40), qui coopère avec un deuxième contact opposé (41, 19) et forme, avec lui, un deuxième contact de commutation de commande (46, 20), présentant un état de commutation opposé à celui du premier contact de commutation de commande (20, 46).
  3. Interrupteur selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que le disjoncteur (16) est conformé en commutateur inverseur (47) et en ce que, dans un premier état de commutation, dans lequel le premier contact de commutation de commande (20) est fermé, la première résistance chauffante (35) est montée en série entre les raccords externes (28, 29) de l'interrupteur (10, 10') et, dans un deuxième état de commutation, dans lequel le deuxième contact de commutation de commande (46) est fermé, la deuxième résistance chauffante (44) est montée en série entre les raccords externes (28, 29).
  4. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la partie de contact mobile (40) est constituée, au moins dans une zone formant résistance (42, 43), en matériau résistant.
  5. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la partie de contact mobile (18) est revêtue, au moins partiellement, de matériau résistant.
  6. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le disjoncteur (16) comprend un élément élastique conducteur d'électricité (16, 23), qui porte la partie de contact mobile (18, 40) et est relié mécaniquement et électriquement avec celle-ci par l'intermédiaire d'une zone d'appui (32, 49), la résistance chauffante (35, 44) étant formée entre la zone d'appui (32, 49) et une surface de contact (36, 45) par laquelle la partie de contact (18, 40) vient en appui contre le contact opposé (19, 41).
  7. Interrupteur selon les revendications 5 et 6, caractérisé en ce que la couche résistante constitue la surface de contact (36, 45) et/ou la zone d'appui (32, 49).
  8. Interrupteur selon les revendications 6 et 4, caractérisé en ce que la partie de contact (40) est fabriquée pratiquement complètement en matériau résistant et en ce que la valeur de résistance de la résistance chauffante (35, 44) est déterminée par la géométrie de la partie de contact (40) entre la zone d'appui (42, 49) et la surface de contact (36, 45), ainsi que par la résistivité du matériau résistant.
  9. Interrupteur selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que l'élément élastique (17, 23) est une rondelle bistable (17) agissant contre une rondelle bistable bimétallique (23).
  10. Interrupteur selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu'il comprend un boítier (11) comportant une partie inférieure (12) conductrice de l'électricité, dans laquelle se trouve le disjoncteur (16), et un couvercle (13) fermant la partie inférieure (12), sur lequel est monté le premier contact opposé (18), l'élément élastique (17) appuyant la partie de contact (18, 40) contre le premier contact opposé (18) et s'appuyant, pour cela, intérieurement sur la partie inférieure (12).
  11. Interrupteur selon les revendications 10 et 2, caractérisé en ce que le deuxième contact opposé (41) est monté au fond (22) de la partie inférieure (12).
EP96115007A 1995-12-09 1996-09-19 Interrupteur avec un mécanisme de commutation actionné une température excessive Expired - Lifetime EP0778597B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19545998 1995-12-09
DE19545998A DE19545998C2 (de) 1995-12-09 1995-12-09 Schalter mit einem bei Übertemperatur schaltenden Schaltwerk

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0778597A2 EP0778597A2 (fr) 1997-06-11
EP0778597A3 EP0778597A3 (fr) 1998-05-27
EP0778597B1 true EP0778597B1 (fr) 2001-07-25

Family

ID=7779665

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96115007A Expired - Lifetime EP0778597B1 (fr) 1995-12-09 1996-09-19 Interrupteur avec un mécanisme de commutation actionné une température excessive

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US5835001A (fr)
EP (1) EP0778597B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE203628T1 (fr)
DE (2) DE19545998C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2161319T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT778597E (fr)

Families Citing this family (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19827113C2 (de) 1998-06-18 2001-11-29 Marcel Hofsaes Temperaturabhängiger Schalter mit Stromübertragungsglied
US8754773B1 (en) * 2004-02-21 2014-06-17 Lee Von Gunten Device for simulating human activity in an unoccupied dwelling
JP2006092825A (ja) * 2004-09-22 2006-04-06 Fuji Denshi Kogyo Kk 温度スイッチと温度スイッチの組立方法
KR100982038B1 (ko) * 2009-10-30 2010-09-14 한백디스템(주) 과전류 차단기
DE102012103306B3 (de) 2012-04-17 2013-04-25 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Temperaturabhängiger Schalter mit Kontaktteil als Heizwiderstand
DE102013108508A1 (de) * 2013-08-07 2015-02-12 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Temperaturabhängiger Schalter
DE102014108518A1 (de) * 2014-06-17 2015-12-17 Thermik Gerätebau GmbH Temperaturabhängiger Schalter mit Distanzring

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE284916C (fr) *
US2300807A (en) * 1939-07-10 1942-11-03 William A Ray Control device
US3602862A (en) * 1969-12-24 1971-08-31 Texas Instruments Inc Hermetic motor protector
US4015229A (en) * 1975-01-10 1977-03-29 Texas Instruments Incorporated Thermally responsive switch
US4376926A (en) * 1979-06-27 1983-03-15 Texas Instruments Incorporated Motor protector calibratable by housing deformation having improved sealing and compactness
US4337451A (en) * 1980-11-26 1982-06-29 Robertshaw Controls Company Electrical switch construction, switch blade subassembly and methods of making the same
DE3710672C2 (de) * 1987-03-31 1997-05-15 Hofsaes Geb Zeitz Ulrika Temperaturwächter mit einem Gehäuse
GB2227884A (en) * 1988-12-28 1990-08-08 Otter Controls Ltd Snap-acting bimetal blade
DE4142716C2 (de) * 1991-12-21 1997-01-16 Microtherm Gmbh Thermoschalter
JPH05282977A (ja) * 1992-03-30 1993-10-29 Texas Instr Japan Ltd 過電流保護装置
DE19527254C2 (de) * 1995-07-26 2000-01-20 Thermik Geraetebau Gmbh Temperaturwächter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE19545998C2 (de) 1998-05-20
EP0778597A2 (fr) 1997-06-11
DE19545998A1 (de) 1997-06-12
EP0778597A3 (fr) 1998-05-27
ES2161319T3 (es) 2001-12-01
US5835001A (en) 1998-11-10
PT778597E (pt) 2001-11-30
DE59607356D1 (de) 2001-08-30
ATE203628T1 (de) 2001-08-15

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