EP0771249B1 - Schleiffverfahren und vorrichtung - Google Patents

Schleiffverfahren und vorrichtung Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0771249B1
EP0771249B1 EP95918090A EP95918090A EP0771249B1 EP 0771249 B1 EP0771249 B1 EP 0771249B1 EP 95918090 A EP95918090 A EP 95918090A EP 95918090 A EP95918090 A EP 95918090A EP 0771249 B1 EP0771249 B1 EP 0771249B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
workpiece
speed
grinding
rotational speed
wheel
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95918090A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0771249A1 (de
Inventor
John David Pickles
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Intermec Europe Ltd
Original Assignee
Unova UK Ltd
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Unova UK Ltd filed Critical Unova UK Ltd
Publication of EP0771249A1 publication Critical patent/EP0771249A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
    • B24B41/007—Weight compensation; Temperature compensation; Vibration damping
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B49/00—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
    • B24B49/02—Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of grinding a cylindrical workpiece surface.
  • chatter-marks can be reduced by absolute truing of the grinding wheel, but this is time consuming and expensive, especially when the grinding surface is a super-abrasive such as diamond or CBN.
  • GB-A-2268895 there is described and claimed a method of grinding a cylindrical workpiece surface in which the speed of rotation of the grinding wheel and/or the speed of rotation of the workpiece is changed one or more times during the final stage of grinding, the period of such rotational speed variation including at least part of the final dwell period in which sizing occurs, thereby to reduce chatter-marks on the workpiece.
  • a method of grinding a cylindrical workpiece surface in which the speed of rotation of the grinding wheel and/or the speed of rotation of the workpiece is changed one or more times during the final stage of grinding in response to corresponding changes in a target value, the period of such rotational speed variation including at least part of the final dwell period in which sizing occurs, thereby to reduce chatter-marks on the workpiece, characterised by performing the steps of: measuring the speed of rotation of the wheel and/or of the workpiece during said final stage of grinding at each such desired change of speed, calculating a theoretical ratio of the rotational speed of the wheel to that of the workpiece for any given target value, and controlling the speeds of the wheel and/or workpiece in such a manner that if the fractional component of the theoretical ratio is 0.5 or less the fractional component of the actual ratio of the speed of the wheel to that of the workpiece for that target value is 0.25, and if the fractional component of the theoretical ratio is above 0.5, the fractional component of the actual ratio for that target value is
  • the method may be applied to internal as well as external grinding.
  • the speed variation effected is not dependent on vibration sensing of the grinding wheel or the workpiece.
  • the rotational speed change is preferably practised by a rotational speed change which includes a change in the rotational speed of the workpiece.
  • any change made will usually be decelerative.
  • the rotational speed of the grinding wheel is kept constant.
  • the rotational speed change may be initiated either after a predetermined number of rotations of the workpiece, where the number of turns per grinding cycle is controlled, and/or at a predetermined feed distance before the feed position for final sizing, as indicated in more detail below.
  • the speed change effected may therefore be linear, reduce or increase at a rate relative to the above variables, or be of another controlled forms such as sinusoidal.
  • the speed change is normally initiated during the slow approach to size feed, extending into the final dwell period in which sizing occurs.
  • Figure 1 is a typical feed diagram for the grinding wheel in a grinding process for grinding a cylindrical workpiece.
  • the grinding wheel feed includes a fine feed period 10 immediately prior to a stationary final dwell period 12 (size dwell) in which sizing occurs.
  • At least one change in the rotational speed of the workpiece is initiated in the fine feed period, and this speed change is extended into at least part of the final dwell period 12.
  • Means are provided for measuring the speed of the grinding wheel immediately prior to a change of speed of the workpiece, and the value of wheel speed is fed into a microprocessor associated with a servo controller for altering the speed of the workpiece.
  • the target speed of the workpiece is also fed into the processor, which then calculates the ratio of the speed of the wheel to that of the workpiece. If the fractional part of the ratio (ie the mantissa) is 0.5 or less, the workpiece speed which was demanded by the operator of the grinding machine is adjusted slightly so that the mantissa becomes 0.25; alternatively if the calculated mantissa is above 0.5 it is adjusted to 0.75. In this manner any tendancy for chatter marks to form on the workpiece is significantly improved, in that the harmonics of the speed ratios of wheel/workpiece up the third harmonics are eliminated.
  • the means 22 is preferably constituted by a servo-controller, which automatically initiates a change in the workspeed at the aforesaid time and for the aforesaid period, for example dependently on the feed position, the number of turns of the workpiece in the grinding cycle, and/or component size.
  • the change effected is preferably not sudden, but is a relatively slow change which may be linear, sinusoidal or of any other desired form.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)
  • Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Verfahren zum Schleifen einer zylindrischen Werkstückoberfläche, bei dem die Drehzahl des Schleifrades (14) und/oder die Drehzahl des Werkstückes (18) ein oder mehrere Male während der Endstufe des Schleifvorganges in Abhängigkeit von entsprechenden Änderungen eines Zielwertes geändert wird, wobei die Periode einer solchen Drehzahländerung mindestens einen Teil der Endverweilperiode (12) einschließt, in der das Kalibrieren erfolgt, um Rattermarken auf dem Werkstück zu reduzieren, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß folgende Schritte ausgeführt werden: Messen der Drehzahl des Rades (14) und/oder des Werkstückes (18) während der Endstufe des Schleifvorganges bei jeder solchen gewünschten Drehzahländerung, Berechnen eines theoretischen Verhältnisses der Drehzahl des Rades zu der des Werkstückes für einen gegebenen Zielwert, und Steuerung der Drehzahlen des Rades und/oder des Werkstückes in solcher Weise, daß die Teilkomponente des theoretischen Verhältnisses 0,5 oder weniger der Teilkomponente des tatsächlichen Verhältnisses der Drehzahl des Rades zu der des Werkstückes für diesen Zielwert 0,25 beträgt, und wenn die Teilkomponente des theoretischen Verhältnisses über 0,5 liegt, die Teilkomponente des tatsächlichen Verhältnisses für diesen Zielwert 0,75 beträgt.
  2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die Drehzahltoleranz durch eine Drehzahländerung praktiziert wird, die eine Änderung in der Drehzahl des Werkstücks einschließt.
  3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei dem die Drehzahltoleranz eine Änderung in der Drehzahl des Schleifrades umfaßt, wobei eine solche Drehzahländerung verzögernd wirkt.
  4. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, bei dem die Werkstückdrehzahl eingestellt wird, während die des Schleifrades konstant gehalten wird.
  5. Verfahren nach einem der vorausgehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Drehzahltoleranz entweder nach einer vorbestimmten Anzahl von Umdrehungen des Werkstückes eingeleitet wird, wobei die Anzahl von Umdrehungen pro Schleifzyklus gesteuert wird, und/oder bei einem vorbestimmten Zustellabstand vor der Zustellposition für das abschließende Kalibrieren eingeleitet wird.
  6. Verfahren nach einem der vorausgehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Drehzahl des Werkstückes relativ zu den Zeitvariablen, der Schleifrad-Zustellposition, der Werkstückgröße und/oder der Anzahl von Werkstückdrehungen servogesteuert wird.
  7. Verfahren nach einem der vorausgehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die erzielte Drehzahländerung linear ist, mit einer Rate relativ zu den Variablen reduziert oder erhöht wird, oder eine andere gesteuerte Form, z.B. einen sinusförmigen Verlauf hat.
  8. Verfahren nach einem der vorausgehenden Ansprüche, bei dem die Drehzahländerung während der langsamen Annäherung an den Kalibriervorschub eingeleitet wird, die sich in die Endverweildauer erstreckt, in der das Kalibrieren erfolgt.
  9. Verfahren nach einem der vorausgehenden Ansprüche, bei dem der Zielwert einer Ziel-Drehzahl des Werkstückes entspricht, wobei die Zieldrehzahl durch eine die Maschine bedienende Person vorgegeben wird, an der das Verfahren durchgeführt wird.
  10. Verfahren nach einem der vorausgehenden Ansprüche, bei dem das Innen- und/oder Außen-Schleifen an dem zylindrischen Werkstück durchgeführt wird.
EP95918090A 1994-07-23 1995-05-11 Schleiffverfahren und vorrichtung Expired - Lifetime EP0771249B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9414880A GB2291608B (en) 1994-07-23 1994-07-23 Grinding method and apparatus
GB9414880 1994-07-23
PCT/GB1995/001069 WO1996003255A1 (en) 1994-07-23 1995-05-11 Grinding method and apparatus

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0771249A1 EP0771249A1 (de) 1997-05-07
EP0771249B1 true EP0771249B1 (de) 1999-11-24

Family

ID=10758781

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95918090A Expired - Lifetime EP0771249B1 (de) 1994-07-23 1995-05-11 Schleiffverfahren und vorrichtung

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0771249B1 (de)
AU (1) AU2415295A (de)
DE (1) DE69513527T2 (de)
ES (1) ES2139206T3 (de)
GB (1) GB2291608B (de)
WO (1) WO1996003255A1 (de)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH595187A5 (de) * 1975-12-20 1978-02-15 Studer Ag Fritz
US4604834A (en) * 1985-10-03 1986-08-12 General Electric Company Method and apparatus for optimizing grinding
GB2268895B (en) * 1992-07-18 1995-06-28 Litton Uk Ltd Grinding method and apparatus

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69513527D1 (de) 1999-12-30
DE69513527T2 (de) 2000-03-16
WO1996003255A1 (en) 1996-02-08
GB2291608B (en) 1996-11-06
AU2415295A (en) 1996-02-22
EP0771249A1 (de) 1997-05-07
ES2139206T3 (es) 2000-02-01
GB2291608A (en) 1996-01-31
GB9414880D0 (en) 1994-09-14

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