EP0769658B1 - Gas radiant heater - Google Patents

Gas radiant heater Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0769658B1
EP0769658B1 EP96116842A EP96116842A EP0769658B1 EP 0769658 B1 EP0769658 B1 EP 0769658B1 EP 96116842 A EP96116842 A EP 96116842A EP 96116842 A EP96116842 A EP 96116842A EP 0769658 B1 EP0769658 B1 EP 0769658B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
burner
converter
radiant heater
heating gases
cover
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EP96116842A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0769658A1 (en
Inventor
Herbert Baumanns
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to EP00121839A priority Critical patent/EP1077348B1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C3/00—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels
    • F24C3/04—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels with heat produced wholly or partly by a radiant body, e.g. by a perforated plate
    • F24C3/042—Stoves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/125—Radiant burners heating a wall surface to incandescence
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/151—Radiant burners with radiation intensifying means other than screens or perforated plates

Definitions

  • incandescent lamps Heat radiators in the form of incandescent lamps are known and in the form of dark spots.
  • incandescent lamps a ceramic plate is provided, the numerous continuous Has openings in which supplied gas burned is, the ceramic plate at annealing temperature is heated and radiates heat.
  • high radiation temperatures so that incandescent lamps in the Usually used at a higher height.
  • the combustion gases a separate burner through a pipe, that acts as a converter and the one transferred to it Emits convection heat through heat radiation.
  • the pipe must be at a relatively high temperature (approx. 300 ° C) are heated. This radiation temperature can only be reached when the gases pass through the Pipe are passed so that the heat transfer value ⁇ accordingly gets big.
  • This requires the use of a forced draft burner, that consumes electricity on the one hand and noise on the other developed.
  • US Pat. No. 4,727,854 describes a gas-heated heat radiator, where the heating gases generated by a burner be passed through a radiation tube, which in a hood open at the bottom is arranged.
  • the radiation pipe is heated up by the heating gases and then shines heat from the outside.
  • the radiation tube forms one Converter, the heat exchange surface along which the heating gases flow, the inner tube wall is while the heat radiation to the outside through the pipe outer wall.
  • the converter is the absorbs the convection heat of the combustion gases and radiant heat implements a body with versus effective Radiation area enlarged surface on which the combustion gases sweep along.
  • the required temperature approximately 300 ° C
  • the converter is not caused by high speeds of the heating gases achieved, but by a greatly enlarged surface, along which the heating gases sweep and thereby convectively is heated.
  • the partial areas of this surface shine each other. Because the externally effective radiation area of the converter is much smaller than the heat exchange surface, heated the converter to the required temperature.
  • the the effective radiation area of the converter is that in the radiation direction projected area.
  • the heat radiator according to the invention can be used as an economical dark radiator be designated. With him the Heating or combustion gases along a converter structure headed with a greatly enlarged surface. Due to the large ratio of heat exchange area to Radiation area is achieved that the heating gases are relative can slowly flow along the converter. This improves the heat exchange.
  • the gas combustion can take place as atmospheric combustion, where a forced draft burner is not required. Because of the even distribution of the gases a low gas consumption.
  • the converter can be dimensioned in this way that the highest efficiency is achieved that is permissible. It is also advantageous that the radiant heater is light in weight, which is particularly true when the heater is suspended on a hall roof is important. All components are easily accessible, making maintenance easier becomes.
  • Another advantage is that the converter are flowed through by the heating gases in the transverse direction can and thus warms evenly at all points becomes. This results in a uniform radiation intensity over the entire radiation area.
  • the converter in a hood open at the bottom arranged under which the combustion gases of the burner be directed.
  • the hood thus forms to a certain extent an inverted lake that receives the combustion gases and passes along the converter.
  • the combustion gases step under one edge Hood, flow through the hood in the transverse direction, whereby they are passed along the converter and leave the hood on the opposite edge. It takes place a gas and heat exchange also in the longitudinal direction of the Hood instead.
  • the hood provides an open one Structure, by opening the converter to Cleaning or maintenance purposes is easily accessible.
  • This hood can be a reflective surface and / or a Have radiation area.
  • a radiation surface ideally acts as black body, i.e. it absorbs incoming Radiation and emits its own radiation.
  • the burner can be on the one edge of the hood as a separate Device be attached. It contains a longitudinal one Fuel tube, which is preferably only about extends part of the length of the combustion chamber.
  • the outlet slot the combustion chamber is shaped so that the heating gases over the length of the outlet slot essentially emerge from the combustion chamber evenly distributed. This means that the flow resistance of the outlet slot is larger in the length range of the burner tube than in those length ranges in which the burner tube is not present.
  • the burner 15 points an elongated burner chamber 16 which on her Floor is provided with air inlet openings 17 and on a slot-shaped elongated outlet opening on its top 18 for the heating gases.
  • a horizontal burner tube 19 which has numerous gas outlet openings on its top 20, which at regular intervals are arranged.
  • the burner tube 19 is from an external gas line 21 gas supplied from the Gas outlet openings 20 exits and with mixing burns with the outside air, so that over the gas outlet openings 20 atmospherically burning flames are created.
  • the burner tube 19 extends only over a partial area the length of the hood 10, here about middle third. So that the heating gases in more uniform Distribution over the entire length of the burner chamber 16 emerge from outlet 18 is in the central region the length of the burner chamber 16, the outlet opening 18th narrowing sheet 18a provided in this area throttles while the other areas the outlet opening 18 are not throttled. Further is a baffle 22 in the burner chamber 16 fireproof material provided to the hood 10 in front to protect direct exposure to the flames.
  • the guide plate 22 runs over the outlet openings 20 and parallel to the side plate 10b of the hood 10. The outlet opening 18 is directed so that those emerging from it Heating gases on the side plate 10b of the hood 10 sweep along.
  • the heating gases flow after leaving the burner chamber 16 along the converter 24 and through the guide channels 27 through. They heat the converter 24, made of steel or ceramic, for example. Because of the ribs 26, the converter 24 has a very large surface area in heat exchange with the heating gases stands. In this way the converter heats up even when the heating gases flow slowly very strongly on. On the other hand, the converter 24 Radiant heat downwards. The effective radiation area of the converter 24 is essentially by the vertical projection of the converter much smaller than the heat exchange area. To Heating the converter 24 creates a thermal Balance between the convection heat absorbed and the emitted radiant heat, the Converter a temperature of e.g. Assumes 300 ° C. After this the heating gases emit heat to the converter 24 have left the hood with a temperature of about 150 ° C.
  • a wind protection grille 30 arranged over the entire hood opening stretches and prevents drafts to the Converter 24 arrives and cools it down.
  • the windbreak grille 30 also serves to increase efficiency.
  • the parts of the hood 10, in particular the side plates 10b and 10c, can be designed as reflectors, to reflect the heat radiation that hits them and thus diagonally into the space below to direct the hood 10. In this way, a broad radiation characteristics can be achieved. It exists also the possibility of parts of the hood made of radiation absorbing Manufacture material that radiates heat picks up and acts as an own radiator.
  • FIG. 3 not belonging to the invention is likewise a hood 10 open at the bottom is provided.
  • the burner 15 is arranged here at the top of the hood and lets the heating gases from its bottom 15a into the hood come out.
  • the converter 24a arranged here as down open (reverse) gutter is formed that is parallel runs to the burner 15.
  • the converter 24a has smooth walls here, but the walls could as well be structured.
  • the converter 24a essentially has Trapezoidal shape.
  • the walls of the converter 24a have a surface that is significantly larger Surface of the opening 32.
  • the surface 32 forms the projection the area of the converter 24a. It is essential smaller than the area of the converter.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

The heating gases are conducted along a converter (24) which has conductor ducts (27) open at the bottom. The converter has a structured surface providing a heat exchange surface at least double, preferably quadruple, the size of the active radiation surface. The converter consists of a ridged plate with downward pointing ridges (26) with ridges at least double the height of the thickness of the plate between the ridges. The converter is contained in a hood (10) open at the bottom and under which the heating gases from the burner (15) are conducted. The burner has a burner chamber (16) running along one edge (14) of the elongated hood. The heating gases flow crosswise to the hood's lengthwise direction and flow out at the opposite edge (23). The hood's outside has thermal insulation (11) with at least parts of the inside acting as a reflector surface. The burner has a burner pipe (19) with gas outlets (20) and longer than the burner chamber which has an outlet (18).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen gasbeheizten Wärmestrahler, der als Deckenstrahler für die Beheizung von Hallen verwendbar ist.The invention relates to a gas-heated heat radiator, the as a ceiling spotlight for heating halls is usable.

Bekannt sind Wärmestrahler in Form von Glühstrahlern und in Form von Dunkelstrahlern. Bei Glühstrahlern ist eine Keramikplatte vorgesehen, die zahlreiche durchgehende Öffnungen aufweist, in denen zugeführtes Gas verbrannt wird, wobei die Keramikplatte auf Glühtemperatur erhitzt wird und Wärme abstrahlt. Hierbei ergeben sich hohe Strahlungstemperaturen, so daß Glühstrahler in der Regel in größerer Höhe eingesetzt werden.Heat radiators in the form of incandescent lamps are known and in the form of dark spots. With incandescent lamps a ceramic plate is provided, the numerous continuous Has openings in which supplied gas burned is, the ceramic plate at annealing temperature is heated and radiates heat. Here arise high radiation temperatures, so that incandescent lamps in the Usually used at a higher height.

Bei gasbeheizten Dunkelstrahlern werden die Verbrennungsgase eines separaten Brenners durch ein Rohr geleitet, das als Konverter wirkt und die ihm übertragene Konvektionswärme durch Wärmestrahlung abgibt. Hierzu muß das Rohr auf eine relativ hohe Temperatur (ca. 300°C) erwärmt werden. Diese Strahlungstemperatur kann nur erreicht werden, wenn die Gase mit hoher Geschwindigkeit durch das Rohr geleitet werden, so daß der Wärmeübergangswert α entsprechend groß wird. Dies erfordert den Einsatz eines Gebläsebrenners, der einerseits Strom verbraucht und andererseits Geräusche entwickelt.With gas-heated dark emitters, the combustion gases a separate burner through a pipe, that acts as a converter and the one transferred to it Emits convection heat through heat radiation. For this the pipe must be at a relatively high temperature (approx. 300 ° C) are heated. This radiation temperature can only be reached when the gases pass through the Pipe are passed so that the heat transfer value α accordingly gets big. This requires the use of a forced draft burner, that consumes electricity on the one hand and noise on the other developed.

In US-A-4 727 854 ist ein gasbeheizter Wärmestrahler beschrieben, bei dem die von einem Brenner erzeugten Heizgase durch ein Strahlungsrohr hindurchgeleitet werden, welches in einer nach unten offenen Haube angeordnet ist. Das Strahlungsrohr wird durch die Heizgase aufgeheizt und strahlt dann nach außen Wärme in die Umgebung ab. Das Strahlungsrohr bildet einen Konverter, dessen Wärmeaustauschfläche, an der die Heizgase entlangströmen, die Rohrinnenwand ist, während die Wärmeabstrahlung nach außen durch die Rohraußenwand erfolgt. Das Verhältnis der Wärmeaustauschfläche zu der wirksamen Strahlungsfläche beträgt hierbei 3,14 (= π).US Pat. No. 4,727,854 describes a gas-heated heat radiator, where the heating gases generated by a burner be passed through a radiation tube, which in a hood open at the bottom is arranged. The radiation pipe is heated up by the heating gases and then shines heat from the outside. The radiation tube forms one Converter, the heat exchange surface along which the heating gases flow, the inner tube wall is while the heat radiation to the outside through the pipe outer wall. The ratio of Heat exchange area to the effective radiation area is here 3.14 (= π).

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen gasbeheizten Wärmestrahler zu schaffen, der bei geringem Energieverbrauch eine hohe Wärmeleistung erzeugt.The invention has for its object a gas-heated To create radiant heaters with low energy consumption generates a high heat output.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt erfindungsgemäß mit den im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen.This object is achieved with the im Claim 1 specified features.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Wärmestrahler ist der Konverter, der die Konvektionswärme der Verbrennungsgase aufnimmt und in Strahlungswärme umsetzt, ein Körper mit gegenüber der wirksamen Strahlungsfläche vergrößerter Oberfläche, an dem die Verbrennungsgase entlangstreichen. Die benötigte Temperatur (ca. 300°C) des Konverters wird nicht durch hohe Geschwindigkeiten der Heizgase erreicht, sondern durch eine stark vergrößerte Oberfläche, an der die Heizgase entlangstreichen und die dadurch konvektiv erwärmt wird. Die Teilflächen dieser Oberfläche strahlen sich gegenseitig an. Da die extern wirksame Strahlungsfläche des Konverters viel kleiner ist als die Wärmeaustauschfläche, erwärmt sich der Konverter auf die erforderliche Temperatur. Die wirksame Strahlungsfläche des Konverters ist die in Strahlungsrichtung projizierte Fläche.In the heat radiator according to the invention, the converter is the absorbs the convection heat of the combustion gases and radiant heat implements a body with versus effective Radiation area enlarged surface on which the combustion gases sweep along. The required temperature (approx. 300 ° C) the converter is not caused by high speeds of the heating gases achieved, but by a greatly enlarged surface, along which the heating gases sweep and thereby convectively is heated. The partial areas of this surface shine each other. Because the externally effective radiation area of the converter is much smaller than the heat exchange surface, heated the converter to the required temperature. The the effective radiation area of the converter is that in the radiation direction projected area.

Der erfindungsgemäße Wärmestrahler kann als Spar-Dunkelstrahler bezeichnet werden. Bei ihm werden die Heiz- oder Verbrennungsgase entlang einer Konverterstruktur mit stark vergrößerter Oberfläche geleitet. Durch das große Verhältnis von Wärmeaustauschfläche zu Strahlungsfläche wird erreicht, daß die Heizgase relativ langsam an dem Konverter entlangströmen können. Dadurch wird der Wärmeaustausch verbessert. Die Gasverbrennung kann als atmosphärische Verbrennung erfolgen, bei der ein Gebläsebrenner nicht erforderlich ist. Wegen der gleichmäßigen Verteilung der Gase ergibt sich ein niedriger Gasverbrauch. Der Konverter kann so dimensioniert werden, daß der höchste Wirkungsgrad erzielt wird, der zulässig ist. Vorteilhaft ist weiterhin, daß der Wärmestrahler ein geringes Gewicht hat, was insbesondere bei der Aufhängung des Wärmestrahlers an einem Hallendach von Bedeutung ist. Sämtliche Komponenten sind leicht zugänglich, so daß die Wartung erleichtert wird.The heat radiator according to the invention can be used as an economical dark radiator be designated. With him the Heating or combustion gases along a converter structure headed with a greatly enlarged surface. Due to the large ratio of heat exchange area to Radiation area is achieved that the heating gases are relative can slowly flow along the converter. This improves the heat exchange. The gas combustion can take place as atmospheric combustion, where a forced draft burner is not required. Because of the even distribution of the gases a low gas consumption. The converter can be dimensioned in this way that the highest efficiency is achieved that is permissible. It is also advantageous that the radiant heater is light in weight, which is particularly true when the heater is suspended on a hall roof is important. All components are easily accessible, making maintenance easier becomes.

Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, daß der Konverter von den Heizgasen in Querrichtung durchströmt werden kann und somit an allen Stellen gleichmäßig erwärmt wird. Dadurch ergibt sich eine gleichmäßige Strahlungsintensität über die gesamte Strahlungsfläche.Another advantage is that the converter are flowed through by the heating gases in the transverse direction can and thus warms evenly at all points becomes. This results in a uniform radiation intensity over the entire radiation area.

Gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform der Erfindung ist der Konverter in einer nach unten offenen Haube angeordnet, unter die die Verbrennungsgase des Brenners geleitet werden. Die Haube bildet somit gewissermaßen einen umgekehrten See, der die Verbrennungsgase aufnimmt und an dem Konverter entlangleitet. Die Verbrennungsgase treten entlang des einen Randes unter die Haube, durchströmen die Haube in Querrichtung, wobei sie an dem Konverter entlanggeführt werden, und verlassen die Haube am gegenüberliegenden Rand. Dabei findet ein Gas- und Wärmeaustausch auch in Längsrichtung der Haube statt. Die Haube stellt eine nach unten offene Struktur dar, durch deren Öffnung der Konverter zu Reinigungs- oder Wartungszwecken leicht zugänglich ist. Diese Haube kann eine Reflexionsfläche und/oder eine Strahlungsfläche aufweisen. Bei einer Reflexionsfläche ist der Reflexionsfaktor groß und der Absorptionsfaktor klein, während bei einer Strahlungsfläche der Reflexionsfaktor klein und der Absorptionsfaktor groß ist. Eine Strahlungsfläche wirkt im Idealfall als schwarzer Körper, d.h. sie absorbiert einfallende Strahlung und strahlt ihrerseits Eigenstrahlung ab.According to a preferred embodiment of the invention is the converter in a hood open at the bottom arranged under which the combustion gases of the burner be directed. The hood thus forms to a certain extent an inverted lake that receives the combustion gases and passes along the converter. The combustion gases step under one edge Hood, flow through the hood in the transverse direction, whereby they are passed along the converter and leave the hood on the opposite edge. It takes place a gas and heat exchange also in the longitudinal direction of the Hood instead. The hood provides an open one Structure, by opening the converter to Cleaning or maintenance purposes is easily accessible. This hood can be a reflective surface and / or a Have radiation area. With a reflective surface the reflection factor is large and the absorption factor small, while with a radiation surface the reflection factor small and the absorption factor large is. A radiation surface ideally acts as black body, i.e. it absorbs incoming Radiation and emits its own radiation.

Der Brenner kann an dem einen Rand der Haube als separate Vorrichtung angebracht sein. Er enthält ein längslaufendes Brennrohr, das sich vorzugsweise nur über einen Teil der Brennkammerlänge erstreckt. Der Auslaßschlitz der Brennkammer ist so geformt, daß die Heizgase über die Länge des Auslaßschlitzes im wesentlichen gleichmäßig verteilt aus der Brennkammer austreten. Dies bedeutet, daß der Strömungswiderstand des Auslaßschlitzes im Längenbereich des Brennerrohres größer ist als in denjenigen Längenbereichen, in denen das Brennerrohr nicht vorhanden ist.The burner can be on the one edge of the hood as a separate Device be attached. It contains a longitudinal one Fuel tube, which is preferably only about extends part of the length of the combustion chamber. The outlet slot the combustion chamber is shaped so that the heating gases over the length of the outlet slot essentially emerge from the combustion chamber evenly distributed. This means that the flow resistance of the outlet slot is larger in the length range of the burner tube than in those length ranges in which the burner tube is not present.

Im folgenden werden unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung näher erläutert.The following are with reference to the drawings Embodiments of the invention explained in more detail.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Querschnitt durch eine erste Ausführungsform des Wärmestrahlers,
Fig. 2
einen Längsschnitt entlang der Linie II-II von Fig. 1 und
Fig. 3
einen Längsschnitt durch eine nicht zur Erfindung gehörende Ausführungsform des Wärmestrahlers.
Show it:
Fig. 1
3 shows a cross section through a first embodiment of the heat radiator,
Fig. 2
a longitudinal section along the line II-II of Fig. 1 and
Fig. 3
a longitudinal section through an embodiment of the heat radiator not belonging to the invention.

Der Wärmestrahler weist eine langgestreckte Haube 10 auf, die als nach unten offene umgekehrt-U-förmige Wanne ausgebildet ist und eine Länge von mehreren Metern haben kann. Die Haube 10 besteht z.B. aus Metall und sie hat hier eine horizontal verlaufende Basisplatte 10a, an die sich schräg nach unten und außen gerichtete Seitenplatten 10b und 10c anschließen. Die Haube könnte auch eine kantenlose Rundstruktur oder eine andere Polygonstruktur aufweisen. Die Haube 10 ist auf ihrer Oberseite mit einer Wärmedämmung 11 versehen, die z.B. aus einer Schicht aus wärmedämmenden Material bestehen kann. Bei dem vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel besteht die Wärmedämmung 11 aus einer auf die Haube 10 aufgesetzten Hilfshaube 12, die mit die Haube 10 einen wärmedämmenden Luftraum 13 bildet.The heat radiator has an elongated hood 10 on that as an inverted U-shaped tub open at the bottom is formed and a length of several meters may have. The hood 10 is e.g. made of metal and here it has a horizontally running base plate 10a, which is directed obliquely downwards and outwards Connect side plates 10b and 10c. The hood could also an edgeless round structure or another polygon structure exhibit. The hood 10 is on hers Provide the top with thermal insulation 11, e.g. consist of a layer of heat-insulating material can. In the present embodiment, there is the thermal insulation 11 from a placed on the hood 10 Auxiliary hood 12, with the hood 10 a heat-insulating Airspace 13 forms.

Längs des einen unteren Randes 14 der Haube 10 erstreckt sich der Brenner 15. Dieser Brenner 15 weist eine langgestreckte Brennerkammer 16 auf, die an ihrem Boden mit Lufteintrittsöffnungen 17 versehen ist und an ihrer Oberseite eine schlitzförmige langgestreckte Austrittsöffnung 18 für die Heizgase aufweist. In der Brennerkammer 16 erstreckt sich ein horizontales Brennerrohr 19, das an seiner Oberseite zahlreiche Gasaustrittsöffnungen 20 aufweist, die in regelmäßigen Abständen angeordnet sind. Dem Brennerrohr 19 wird von einer externen Gasleitung 21 Gas zugeführt, das aus den Gasaustrittsöffnungen 20 austritt und unter Mischung mit der Außenluft verbrennt, so daß über den Gasaustrittsöffnungen 20 atmosphärisch brennende Flammen entstehen.Extends along the one lower edge 14 of the hood 10 the burner 15. This burner 15 points an elongated burner chamber 16 which on her Floor is provided with air inlet openings 17 and on a slot-shaped elongated outlet opening on its top 18 for the heating gases. In the Burner chamber 16 extends a horizontal burner tube 19, which has numerous gas outlet openings on its top 20, which at regular intervals are arranged. The burner tube 19 is from an external gas line 21 gas supplied from the Gas outlet openings 20 exits and with mixing burns with the outside air, so that over the gas outlet openings 20 atmospherically burning flames are created.

Das Brennerrohr 19 erstreckt sich nur über einen Teilbereich der Länge der Haube 10, hier etwa über das mittlere Drittel. Damit die Heizgase in gleichmäßiger Verteilung über die gesamte Länge der Brennerkammer 16 aus dem Auslaß 18 austreten, ist im mittleren Bereich der Länge der Brennerkammer 16 ein die Auslaßöffnung 18 verengendes Blech 18a vorgesehen, das in diesem Bereich eine Drosselwirkung ausübt, während die anderen Bereiche der Auslaßöffnung 18 ungedrosselt sind. Ferner ist in der Brennerkammer 16 eine Leitplatte 22 aus feuerfestem Material vorgesehen, um die Haube 10 vor direkter Einwirkung der Flammen zu schützen. Die Leitplatte 22 verläuft über den Austrittsöffnungen 20 und parallel zu der Seitenplatte 10b der Haube 10. Die Auslaßöffnung 18 ist so gerichtet, daß die aus ihr austretenden Heizgase an der Seitenplatte 10b der Haube 10 entlangstreichen.The burner tube 19 extends only over a partial area the length of the hood 10, here about middle third. So that the heating gases in more uniform Distribution over the entire length of the burner chamber 16 emerge from outlet 18 is in the central region the length of the burner chamber 16, the outlet opening 18th narrowing sheet 18a provided in this area throttles while the other areas the outlet opening 18 are not throttled. Further is a baffle 22 in the burner chamber 16 fireproof material provided to the hood 10 in front to protect direct exposure to the flames. The guide plate 22 runs over the outlet openings 20 and parallel to the side plate 10b of the hood 10. The outlet opening 18 is directed so that those emerging from it Heating gases on the side plate 10b of the hood 10 sweep along.

Die Heizgase, die die Brennerkammer 16 verlassen haben, steigen unter der Haube 10 auf und strömen an der Haubenwand entlang, um nach Abgabe eines erheblichen Teils ihrer Wärme unter dem gegenüberliegenden Rand 23 hindurch abzuströmen. Die Heizgase können beispielsweise unmittelbar in die Umgebung abgeleitet werden. Sie können aber auch durch einen (nicht dargestellten) Kamin abgeführt werden.The heating gases that have left the burner chamber 16 rise under the hood 10 and flow on the hood wall along to after delivering a substantial portion their heat under the opposite edge 23 to flow away. The heating gases can, for example can be derived directly into the environment. You can but also through a chimney (not shown) be dissipated.

Unter der Basisplatte 10a der Haube ist der Konverter 24 befestigt. Dieser Konverter 24 erstreckt sich über die gesamte Länge der Haube 10. Er enthält eine Basisplatte 25, von der zahlreiche parallele Rippen 26 nach unten abstehen, so daß der Konverter hier - in Stirnansicht gesehen - kammförmig ausgebildet ist. Zwischen den Rippen 26 erstrecken sich nach unten offene Leitkanäle 27, die quer zur Längsrichtung der Haube 10 verlaufen. An den stirnseitigen Enden ist die Haube 10 durch Stirnwände 28 bzw. 29 abgeschlossen.Under the base plate 10a of the hood is the converter 24 attached. This converter 24 extends over the entire length of the hood 10. It contains a base plate 25, of which numerous parallel ribs 26 after stick out below, so that the converter here - in front view seen - is comb-shaped. Between the ribs 26 extend downwardly open guide channels 27, which run transversely to the longitudinal direction of the hood 10. The hood is at the front ends 10 completed by end walls 28 and 29 respectively.

Die Heizgase strömen nach dem Verlassen der Brennerkammer 16 an dem Konverter 24 entlang und durch die Leitkanäle 27 hindurch. Dabei heizen sie den Konverter 24, der beispielsweise aus Stahl oder Keramik besteht, auf. Wegen der Rippen 26 hat der Konverter 24 eine sehr große Oberfläche, die in Wärmeaustausch mit den Heizgasen steht. Auf diese Weise heizt der Konverter sich selbst bei langsamer Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Heizgase sehr stark auf. Andererseits gibt der Konverter 24 Strahlungswärme nach unten ab. Die wirksame Strahlungsfläche des Konverters 24 wird im wesentlichen durch die vertikale Projektion des Konverters bestimmt, ist also wesentlich kleiner als die Wärmeaustauschfläche. Nach Aufheizung des Konverters 24 entsteht ein thermisches Gleichgewicht zwischen der aufgenommenen Konvektionswärme und der abgegebenen Strahlungswärme, wobei der Konverter eine Temperatur von z.B. 300°C annimmt. Nachdem die Heizgase Wärme an den Konverter 24 abgegeben haben, verlassen sie die Haube mit einer Temperatur von etwa 150°C.The heating gases flow after leaving the burner chamber 16 along the converter 24 and through the guide channels 27 through. They heat the converter 24, made of steel or ceramic, for example. Because of the ribs 26, the converter 24 has a very large surface area in heat exchange with the heating gases stands. In this way the converter heats up even when the heating gases flow slowly very strongly on. On the other hand, the converter 24 Radiant heat downwards. The effective radiation area of the converter 24 is essentially by the vertical projection of the converter much smaller than the heat exchange area. To Heating the converter 24 creates a thermal Balance between the convection heat absorbed and the emitted radiant heat, the Converter a temperature of e.g. Assumes 300 ° C. After this the heating gases emit heat to the converter 24 have left the hood with a temperature of about 150 ° C.

In der unteren Öffnung der Haube 10 ist ein Windschutzgitter 30 angeordnet, das sich über die gesamte Haubenöffnung erstreckt und verhindert, das Zugluft an den Konverter 24 gelangt und diesen abkühlt. Das Windschutzgitter 30 dient auch der Wirkungsgraderhöhung. In the lower opening of the hood 10 is a wind protection grille 30 arranged over the entire hood opening stretches and prevents drafts to the Converter 24 arrives and cools it down. The windbreak grille 30 also serves to increase efficiency.

Die Teile der Haube 10, insbesondere die Seitenplatten 10b und 10c, können als Reflektoren ausgebildet sein, um die auf sie auftreffende Wärmestrahlung zu reflektieren und somit gezielt schräg in den Raum unterhalb der Haube 10 zu leiten. Auf diese Weise kann eine breite Strahlungscharakteristik erzielt werden. Es besteht auch die Möglichkeit, Teile der Haube aus strahlungsabsorbierendem Material herzustellen, das Strahlungswärme aufnimmt und als Eigenstrahler wirkt.The parts of the hood 10, in particular the side plates 10b and 10c, can be designed as reflectors, to reflect the heat radiation that hits them and thus diagonally into the space below to direct the hood 10. In this way, a broad radiation characteristics can be achieved. It exists also the possibility of parts of the hood made of radiation absorbing Manufacture material that radiates heat picks up and acts as an own radiator.

Die nach unten offene Haube 10 bewirkt eine Strömung der Heizgase entlang der Leitkanäle 27 des Konverters 24. Die Haube bildet eine Art Thermosiphon, in dem die Heizgase zunächst aufsteigen und nach Abgabe ihrer Wärme nach unten abgeleitet werden. Der Konverter 24 ist bei dem vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel so ausgebildet, daß die Leitkanäle 27 gerade verlaufen. Er kann auch als Labyrinth ausgebildet sein, in welchem die Heizgase einen meanderförmigen Strömungsweg durchlaufen.The hood 10 open at the bottom causes a flow of the heating gases along the guide channels 27 of the converter 24. The hood forms a kind of thermosiphon in which the Heating gases rise first and after their Heat can be dissipated downwards. The converter 24 is designed in the present embodiment so that the guide channels 27 run straight. He can also be designed as a labyrinth in which the Heating gases pass through a meandering flow path.

Bei dem nicht zur Erfindung gehorenden Ausführungsbeispiel von Fig. 3 ist ebenfalls eine nach unten offene Haube 10 vorgesehen. Der Brenner 15 ist hier an der Oberseite der Haube angeordnet und läßt die Heizgase aus seiner Unterseite 15a in die Haube hinein austreten. In der Oberwand der Haube 10 ist der Konverter 24a angeordnet, der hier als nach unten offene (umgekehrte) Rinne ausgebildet ist, die parallel zu dem Brenner 15 verläuft. Der Konverter 24a weist hier glatte Wände auf, jedoch könnten die Wände ebenfalls strukturiert sein. Der Konverter 24a hat im wesentlichen Trapezform. Die Wände des Konverters 24a haben eine Oberfläche, die wesentlich größer ist die Fläche der Öffnung 32. Die Fläche 32 bildet die Projektion der Fläche des Konverters 24a. Sie ist wesentlich kleiner als die Fläche des Konverters.The embodiment of FIG. 3 not belonging to the invention is likewise a hood 10 open at the bottom is provided. The burner 15 is arranged here at the top of the hood and lets the heating gases from its bottom 15a into the hood come out. In the top wall of the hood 10 is the converter 24a arranged here as down open (reverse) gutter is formed that is parallel runs to the burner 15. The converter 24a has smooth walls here, but the walls could as well be structured. The converter 24a essentially has Trapezoidal shape. The walls of the converter 24a have a surface that is significantly larger Surface of the opening 32. The surface 32 forms the projection the area of the converter 24a. It is essential smaller than the area of the converter.

Die von dem Brenner 15 ausgehende Strömung der Heizgase ist in Fig. 3 mit 33 bezeichnet. Die Heizgase, die den Brenner 15 verlassen haben, strömen an einer Seite in den Konverter 24a hinein, durchströmen ihn schräg nach oben und wieder nach unten, um dann unter dem Rand der Haube 10 auszutreten. Ebenso wie bei dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Haube 10 langgestreckt und der Brenner 15 und der Konverter 24a verlaufen als langgestreckte Komponenten in Längsrichtung der Haube. Der Konverter wird bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel in Querrichtung durchströmt.The flow of the heating gases emanating from the burner 15 is denoted by 33 in FIG. The heating gases that the Have left burner 15 flow in on one side into the converter 24a, flow through it obliquely up and down again, then under the edge of the To exit hood 10. Same as in the first embodiment the hood 10 is elongated and the Burner 15 and converter 24a are elongated Components in the longitudinal direction of the hood. The In this embodiment, the converter is turned in the transverse direction flows through.

Claims (11)

  1. A gas radiant heater with a burner (15), the heating gases of which are passed along a converter (24) radiating radiant heat into the environment, the converter (24; 24a) being a member with an enlarged surface compared to the effective radiation surface, wherein the heat exchange surface exposed to the heating gases is larger than the effective radiation surface defined by projecting the converter in the main direction of heat radiation, characterized in that the heat exchange surface exposed to the heating gases is at least four times as large as the effective radiation surface.
  2. The radiant heater of claim 1, characterized in that the converter (24) is disposed in a cover (10) open at the bottom, below which the heating gases from the burner (15) are conducted.
  3. The radiant heater of claim 2, characterized in that the burner (15) has a burner chamber (16) extending along one of the edges (14) of the elongate cover (10), such that the heating gases flow through the cover transverse to its longitudinal extension and flow out from the opposite edge (23).
  4. The radiant heater of claim 2, characterized in that the burner (15) is arranged at one end of the elongate cover (10), the heating gases flowing through the cover (10) in the longitudinal direction.
  5. The radiant heater of one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that the cover (10) is heat insulated on its outside.
  6. The radiant heater of one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the inner side of the cover (10) is configured as a reflecting surface at least in sections thereof.
  7. The radiant heater of one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that the inner side of the cover (10) is configured as a radiation surface at least in sections thereof.
  8. The radiant heater of one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the burner (15) has a burner tube (19) with gas outlet openings (20), the tube extending in a burner chamber (16) and having a length shorter than that of the burner chamber (16), and in that the burner chamber (16) has an outlet (18) having its width reduced in the region of the length extension of the burner tube (19).
  9. The radiant heater of one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a windscreen grid (30) is provided at the opening of the cover (10).
  10. The radiant heater of one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the converter (24) comprises guide channels (27) extending in part or entirely transverse to the longitudinal direction of the cover (10).
  11. The radiant heater of claim 10, characterized in that the converter (24) is a ribbed structure with downward directed ribs, the heating gases passing along the ribs in parallel to the same.
EP96116842A 1995-10-21 1996-10-19 Gas radiant heater Expired - Lifetime EP0769658B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP00121839A EP1077348B1 (en) 1995-10-21 1996-10-19 Gas radiant heater

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29516643U 1995-10-21
DE29516643U DE29516643U1 (en) 1995-10-21 1995-10-21 Gas heated radiant heater

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00121839A Division EP1077348B1 (en) 1995-10-21 1996-10-19 Gas radiant heater

Publications (2)

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EP0769658A1 EP0769658A1 (en) 1997-04-23
EP0769658B1 true EP0769658B1 (en) 2001-04-11

Family

ID=8014395

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00121839A Expired - Lifetime EP1077348B1 (en) 1995-10-21 1996-10-19 Gas radiant heater
EP96116842A Expired - Lifetime EP0769658B1 (en) 1995-10-21 1996-10-19 Gas radiant heater

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00121839A Expired - Lifetime EP1077348B1 (en) 1995-10-21 1996-10-19 Gas radiant heater

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EP (2) EP1077348B1 (en)
AT (2) ATE250202T1 (en)
DE (3) DE29516643U1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7116900B2 (en) 2003-04-01 2006-10-03 Radiant Optics, Inc. Radiant energy source systems, devices, and methods capturing, controlling, or recycling gas flows
WO2004090424A2 (en) * 2003-04-01 2004-10-21 Radiant Optics, Inc. Radiant energy source systems, devices and methods

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7309345U (en) * 1973-09-20 Jenewein & Gapp Gmbh Gas stove
FR2190249A5 (en) * 1972-06-22 1974-01-25 Utilisation Ration Gaz
US3763847A (en) * 1972-09-07 1973-10-09 Foster Miller Ass Radiant heater
DE2706043C2 (en) * 1977-02-12 1982-09-16 Herbert 4050 Mönchengladbach Baumanns Radiant burner
US4507083A (en) * 1982-09-21 1985-03-26 Joseph Fraioli Gas-fired infrared projection heater
US4432727A (en) * 1982-09-21 1984-02-21 Joseph Fraioli Gas-fired infrared projection heater
DE3415058A1 (en) * 1984-04-21 1985-10-31 GoGas Goch GmbH & Co, 4600 Dortmund Radiant burner
US4727854A (en) * 1986-05-08 1988-03-01 Johnson Arthur C W High efficiency infrared radiant energy heating system and reflector therefor
US4702693A (en) * 1986-12-03 1987-10-27 Joseph Fraioli Gas-fired infrared heater
DE3903540A1 (en) * 1989-02-07 1990-08-09 Guenter Petz Radiant heater
FR2654806B1 (en) * 1989-11-17 1992-02-14 Triatherm Sarl INFRARED RADIATION GAS HEATER.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1077348A1 (en) 2001-02-21
ATE200567T1 (en) 2001-04-15
DE59606754D1 (en) 2001-05-17
EP1077348B1 (en) 2003-09-17
ATE250202T1 (en) 2003-10-15
DE59610724D1 (en) 2003-10-23
EP0769658A1 (en) 1997-04-23
DE29516643U1 (en) 1997-02-20

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