EP1077348B1 - Gas radiant heater - Google Patents

Gas radiant heater Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1077348B1
EP1077348B1 EP00121839A EP00121839A EP1077348B1 EP 1077348 B1 EP1077348 B1 EP 1077348B1 EP 00121839 A EP00121839 A EP 00121839A EP 00121839 A EP00121839 A EP 00121839A EP 1077348 B1 EP1077348 B1 EP 1077348B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hood
burner
converter
heating gases
radiant heater
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EP00121839A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1077348A1 (en
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Herbert Baumanns
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C3/00—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels
    • F24C3/04—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels with heat produced wholly or partly by a radiant body, e.g. by a perforated plate
    • F24C3/042—Stoves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/125—Radiant burners heating a wall surface to incandescence
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D14/00—Burners for combustion of a gas, e.g. of a gas stored under pressure as a liquid
    • F23D14/12—Radiant burners
    • F23D14/151—Radiant burners with radiation intensifying means other than screens or perforated plates

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a gas-heated heat radiator, the Can be used as a ceiling spotlight for heating halls is.
  • incandescent lamps in the form of incandescent lamps and in are known Form of dark spots.
  • incandescent lamps is one Ceramic plate provided the numerous continuous Has openings in which supplied gas is burned, wherein the ceramic plate is heated to the annealing temperature and Radiates heat. This results in high Radiation temperatures, so that incandescent lamps usually in greater height can be used.
  • US Pat. No. 4,727,854 describes a gas-heated heat radiator, where the heating gases generated by a burner be passed through a radiation tube, which in a hood open at the bottom is arranged.
  • the radiation pipe is heated up by the heating gases and then shines heat from the outside.
  • the radiation tube forms one Converter, whose heat exchange surface; along which the heating gases flow, the inner tube wall is while the heat radiation to the outside through the pipe outer wall.
  • a gas heated radiant heater with the characteristics of The preamble of claim 1 is described in US 4,507,083.
  • This radiant heater has a burner, the slit-shaped nozzles from a mixing chamber upwards or facing down or to one side.
  • the Flame space is formed by refractory bricks, in which it is molded. They each contain one bell-expanding space in which the Combustion gases enter from the top and out of it flared end they flow out. This expanded room is either open to one side or open to the top. He is not intended to trap the combustion gases or damming.
  • the invention has for its object a gas-heated To create radiant heaters in which the converter at all Places is heated evenly and therefore at low Energy consumption generates a high heat output.
  • the converter is which absorbs the convection heat of the combustion gases and in Radiant heat is implemented, a body with opposite effective radiation area enlarged surface on which sweep along the combustion gases.
  • the needed Temperature (approx. 300 ° C) of the converter is not caused by high Speeds of the heating gases reached, but by a greatly enlarged surface on which the heating gases sweep along and which is thereby heated convectively.
  • the Partial surfaces of this surface shine on each other. Because the externally effective radiation area of the converter is a lot is smaller than the heat exchange surface, the 'heats up Converter to the required temperature.
  • the effective one The radiation area of the converter is that in the radiation direction projected area.
  • the heat radiator according to the invention can be used as an economical dark radiator be designated. With him the heating or Combustion gases along a converter structure greatly increased surface area. By the big one Ratio of heat exchange area to radiation area achieved that the heating gases are relatively slow at the converter can flow along. This is the heat exchange improved. Gas combustion can be considered atmospheric Combustion takes place where a forced draft burner does not is required. Because of the even distribution of the gases the gas consumption is low. The converter can do this be dimensioned so that the highest efficiency is achieved that is permissible. It is also advantageous that the Radiant heater has a light weight, which is particularly true the mounting of the heat radiator on a hall roof by Meaning is. All components are easily accessible, so that maintenance is made easier.
  • Another advantage is that the converter from the Heating gases can be flowed through in the transverse direction and thus is heated evenly at all points. This results in uniform radiation intensity over the entire Radiating surface.
  • the Converter arranged in a hood open at the bottom, below which direct the combustion gases from the burner.
  • the hood thus forms a reverse lake, so to speak absorbs the combustion gases and 'on the converter along forwards.
  • the combustion gases pass along one Edge under the hood, flow through the hood in Transverse direction, along the converter and leave the hood on the opposite edge.
  • a gas and heat exchange also takes place in Longitudinal direction of the hood instead.
  • The. Hood adjusts one structure open below, through the opening of which the converter is easily accessible for cleaning or maintenance purposes.
  • This hood can be a reflective surface and / or a Have radiation area.
  • a radiant area ideally acts as a black body, i.e. it absorbs incident radiation and emits its own radiation.
  • the burner can be on the one edge of the hood as a separate Device be attached. It contains a longitudinal one Fuel tube, which is preferably only part of the Combustion chamber length extends.
  • the outlet slot of the combustion chamber is shaped so that the heating gases extend over the length of the Outlet slot distributed substantially evenly from the Exit the combustion chamber. This means that the Flow resistance of the outlet slot in the length range of Burner tube is larger than in those length ranges, in which the burner tube is not available.
  • the heat radiator has an elongated hood 10 which formed as an inverted U-shaped trough open at the bottom is and can have a length of several meters.
  • the hood 10 is e.g. made of metal and here it has a horizontal extending base plate 10a, which slopes downwards and connect outside side plates 10b and 10c.
  • the hood could also have an edgeless round structure or one have a different polygon structure.
  • the hood 10 is on hers Provide the top with thermal insulation 11, e.g. out can consist of a layer of heat-insulating material. at in the present embodiment there is thermal insulation 11 from an auxiliary hood 12 placed on the hood 10, the with the hood 10 forms a heat-insulating air space 13.
  • This burner 15 has an elongated Burner chamber 16 on the bottom with Air inlet openings 17 is provided and on its top a slot-shaped elongated outlet opening 18 for which has heating gases.
  • a horizontal burner tube 19 on its top has numerous gas outlet openings 20, which in are arranged at regular intervals.
  • the burner tube 19 is supplied from an external gas line 21 gas that from the. Gas outlet openings 20 exits and mixed with the outside air burns so that over the gas outlet openings 20 atmospherically burning flames are created.
  • the burner tube 19 extends only over a partial area the length of the hood 10, here about the middle third. So that the heating gases are evenly distributed over the entire length of the burner chamber 16 from the outlet 18th emerge is in the middle of the length of the Burner chamber 16 a sheet narrowing the outlet opening 18 18a provided a throttling effect in this area exerts while the other areas of the outlet opening 18th are unthrottled. Furthermore, in the burner chamber 16 Guide plate 22 made of refractory material to the Protect hood 10 from direct exposure to the flames. The Baffle 22 extends over the outlet openings 20 and parallel to the side plate 10b of the hood 10. The outlet opening 18 is directed so that those emerging from it Heating gases on the side plate 10b of the hood 10 along strike.
  • the heating gases that have left the burner chamber 16 rise under the hood 10 and flow on the hood wall along to after releasing a significant portion of their heat flow out under the opposite edge 23.
  • the heating gases can, for example, directly into the Environment can be derived. But you can also by one Chimney (not shown) can be removed.
  • the converter 24 is located under the base plate 10a of the hood attached. This converter 24 extends over the entire length of the hood 10. It contains a base plate 25, from which numerous parallel ribs 26 project downwards, so that the converter here - seen from the front - is comb-shaped. Extend between the ribs 26 downwardly open guide channels 27 which are transverse to Longitudinal direction of the hood 10 run. On the front The hood 10 ends by end walls 28 and 29, respectively completed.
  • the heating gases flow after leaving the burner chamber 16 along the converter 24 and through the guide channels 27 therethrough. They heat the converter 24, the for example made of steel or ceramic. Because of the Ribs 26, converter 24 has a very large surface area, which is in heat exchange with the heating gases. To this In this way, the converter heats itself up even at a slower rate Flow rate of the heating gases very strongly. On the other hand, the converter 24 emits radiant heat downwards from. The effective radiation area of the converter 24 is in essentially through the vertical projection of the converter is much smaller than that Heat exchange surface. After the converter 24 has heated up a thermal equilibrium is created between the absorbed convection heat and the emitted Radiant heat, the converter having a temperature of e.g. Assumes 300 ° C. After the heating gases heat the converter 24 have left the hood with a temperature of about 150 ° C.
  • a wind protection grille 30 arranged over the entire hood opening extends and prevents drafts from reaching converter 24 arrives and cools it down.
  • the windscreen 30 serves also the increase in efficiency.
  • the parts of the hood 10, in particular the side plates 10b and 10c, can be designed as reflectors to reflect on reflecting incident heat radiation and thus to be directed diagonally into the space below the hood 10. In this way, a wide radiation pattern be achieved.
  • parts of the Manufacture hood from radiation absorbing material that Absorbs radiant heat and acts as an internal radiator.
  • the hood 10 open at the bottom causes a flow of the Heating gases along the guide channels 27 of the converter 24.
  • Die Hood forms a kind of thermosiphon in which the heating gases first ascend and down after releasing their heat be derived.
  • the converter 24 is in the present Embodiment designed so that the guide channels 27th just passed. It can also be designed as a labyrinth be in which the heating gases have a meandering shape Pass through the flow path.
  • the burner 15 is here at the top of the Hood arranged and releases the heating gases from its underside 15a exit into the hood.
  • the converter 24a which here as down open (reverse) gutter is formed parallel to the burner 15 runs.
  • the converter 24a is smooth here Walls open, however the walls could also be structured his.
  • the converter 24a has an essentially trapezoidal shape.
  • the Walls of the converter 24a have a surface that the area of the opening 32 is much larger.
  • the area 32 forms the projection of the surface of the converter 24a. she is much smaller than the area of the converter.
  • the outflow of the heating gases from the burner 15 is designated by 33 in FIG.
  • the heating gases that burn the burner 15 have left, flow into the converter 24a on one side into it, flow diagonally upwards and back again below, in order to then exit under the edge of the hood 10.
  • the hood is the same as in the first embodiment 10 elongated and the burner 15 and the converter 24a run as elongated components in the longitudinal direction of the Hood.
  • the converter is in this embodiment in. Flows through the transverse direction.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
  • Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Waste-Gas Treatment And Other Accessory Devices For Furnaces (AREA)

Abstract

The heating gases are conducted along a converter (24) which has conductor ducts (27) open at the bottom. The converter has a structured surface providing a heat exchange surface at least double, preferably quadruple, the size of the active radiation surface. The converter consists of a ridged plate with downward pointing ridges (26) with ridges at least double the height of the thickness of the plate between the ridges. The converter is contained in a hood (10) open at the bottom and under which the heating gases from the burner (15) are conducted. The burner has a burner chamber (16) running along one edge (14) of the elongated hood. The heating gases flow crosswise to the hood's lengthwise direction and flow out at the opposite edge (23). The hood's outside has thermal insulation (11) with at least parts of the inside acting as a reflector surface. The burner has a burner pipe (19) with gas outlets (20) and longer than the burner chamber which has an outlet (18).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen gasbeheizten Wärmestrahler, der als Deckenstrahler für die Beheizung von Hallen verwendbar ist.The invention relates to a gas-heated heat radiator, the Can be used as a ceiling spotlight for heating halls is.

Bekannt sind Wärmestrahler in Form von Glühstrahlern und in Form von Dunkelstrahlern. Bei Glühstrahlern ist eine Keramikplatte vorgesehen, die zahlreiche durchgehende Öffnungen aufweist, in denen zugeführtes Gas verbrannt wird, wobei die Keramikplatte auf Glühtemperatur erhitzt wird und Wärme abstrahlt. Hierbei ergeben sich hohe Strahlungstemperaturen, so daß Glühstrahler in der Regel in größerer Höhe eingesetzt werden.Heat radiators in the form of incandescent lamps and in are known Form of dark spots. With incandescent lamps is one Ceramic plate provided the numerous continuous Has openings in which supplied gas is burned, wherein the ceramic plate is heated to the annealing temperature and Radiates heat. This results in high Radiation temperatures, so that incandescent lamps usually in greater height can be used.

Bei gasbeheizten Dunkelstrahlern werden die Verbrennungsgase eines separaten Brenners durch ein Rohr geleitet, das als Konverter wirkt und die ihm übertragene Konvektionswärme durch Wärmestrahlung abgibt. Hierzu muß das Rohr auf eine relativ hohe Temperatur (ca. 300°C) erwärmt werden. Diese Strahlungstemperatur kann nur erreicht werden, wenn die Gase mit hoher Geschwindigkeit durch das Rohr geleitet werden, so daß der Wärmeübergangswert á entsprechend groß wird. Dies erfordert den Einsatz eines Gebläsebrenners, der einerseits Strom verbraucht und andererseits Geräusche entwickelt.With gas-heated dark emitters, the combustion gases of a separate burner through a pipe, which as Converter works and the convection heat transferred to it emits through heat radiation. To do this, the pipe must be on a relatively high temperature (approx. 300 ° C). This Radiation temperature can only be reached when the gases are passed through the pipe at high speed, so that the heat transfer value á becomes correspondingly large. This requires the use of a forced draft burner, on the one hand Consumes electricity and on the other hand develops noises.

In US-A-4 727 854 ist ein gasbeheizter Wärmestrahler beschrieben, bei dem die von einem Brenner erzeugten Heizgase durch ein Strahlungsrohr hindurchgeleitet werden, welches in einer nach unten offenen Haube angeordnet ist. Das Strahlungsrohr wird durch die Heizgase aufgeheizt und strahlt dann nach außen Wärme in die Umgebung ab. Das Strahlungsrohr bildet einen Konverter, dessen Wärmeaustauschfläche; an der die Heizgase entlangströmen, die Rohrinnenwand ist, während die Wärmeabstrahlung nach außen durch die Rohraußenwand erfolgt. Das Verhältnis der Wärmeaustauschfläche zu der wirksamen Strahlungsfläche beträgt hierbei 3,14 (= π).US Pat. No. 4,727,854 describes a gas-heated heat radiator, where the heating gases generated by a burner be passed through a radiation tube, which in a hood open at the bottom is arranged. The radiation pipe is heated up by the heating gases and then shines heat from the outside. The radiation tube forms one Converter, whose heat exchange surface; along which the heating gases flow, the inner tube wall is while the heat radiation to the outside through the pipe outer wall. The ratio of Heat exchange area to the effective radiation area is here 3.14 (= π).

Ein gasbeheizter Wärmestrahler mit den Merkmalen des Oberbegriffs des Patentanspruchs 1 ist beschrieben in US 4,507,083. Dieser Wärmestrahler hat einen Brenner, dessen schlitzförmige Düsen von einer Mischkammer aus nach oben oder nach unten oder zu einer Seite gerichtet sind. Der Flammenraum ist von feuerfesten Ziegeln gebildet, bei welchen es sich um Formkörper handelt. Diese enthalten jeweils einen sich glockenförmig erweiternden Raum, in den die Verbrennungsgase vom Scheitel her eintreten und aus dessen erweitertem Ende sie abströmen. Dieser erweiterte Raum ist entweder zu einer Seite hin oder nach oben hin offen. Er ist nicht dazu vorgesehen, die Verbrennungsgase festzuhalten oder aufzustauen. A gas heated radiant heater with the characteristics of The preamble of claim 1 is described in US 4,507,083. This radiant heater has a burner, the slit-shaped nozzles from a mixing chamber upwards or facing down or to one side. The Flame space is formed by refractory bricks, in which it is molded. They each contain one bell-expanding space in which the Combustion gases enter from the top and out of it flared end they flow out. This expanded room is either open to one side or open to the top. He is not intended to trap the combustion gases or damming.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen gasbeheizten Wärmestrahler zu schaffen, bei dem der Konverter an allen Stellen gleichmäßig erwärmt wird und der deshalb bei geringem Energieverbrauch eine hohe Wärmeleistung erzeugt.The invention has for its object a gas-heated To create radiant heaters in which the converter at all Places is heated evenly and therefore at low Energy consumption generates a high heat output.

Die Lösung dieser Aufgabe erfolgt erfindungsgemäß mit den im Patentanspruch 1 angegebenen Merkmalen.This object is achieved with the im Features specified claim 1.

Bei dem erfindungsgemäßen Wärmestrahler ist der Konverter, der die Konvektionswärme der Verbrennungsgase aufnimmt und in Strahlungswärme umsetzt, ein Körper mit gegenüber der wirksamen Strahlungsfläche vergrößerter Oberfläche, an dem die Verbrennungsgase entlangstreichen. Die benötigte Temperatur (ca. 300°C) des Konverters wird nicht durch hohe Geschwindigkeiten der Heizgase erreicht, sondern durch eine stark vergrößerte Oberfläche, an der die Heizgase entlangstreichen und die dadurch konvektiv erwärmt wird. Die Teilflächen dieser Oberfläche strahlen sich gegenseitig an. Da die extern wirksame Strahlungsfläche des Konverters viel kleiner ist als die Wärmeaustauschfläche, erwärmt 'sich der Konverter auf die erforderliche Temperatur. Die wirksame Strahlungsfläche des Konverters ist die in Strahlungsrichtung projizierte Fläche.In the heat radiator according to the invention, the converter is which absorbs the convection heat of the combustion gases and in Radiant heat is implemented, a body with opposite effective radiation area enlarged surface on which sweep along the combustion gases. The needed Temperature (approx. 300 ° C) of the converter is not caused by high Speeds of the heating gases reached, but by a greatly enlarged surface on which the heating gases sweep along and which is thereby heated convectively. The Partial surfaces of this surface shine on each other. Because the externally effective radiation area of the converter is a lot is smaller than the heat exchange surface, the 'heats up Converter to the required temperature. The effective one The radiation area of the converter is that in the radiation direction projected area.

Der erfindungsgemäße Wärmestrahler kann als Spar-Dunkelstrahler bezeichnet werden. Bei ihm werden die Heizoder Verbrennungsgase entlang einer Konverterstruktur mit stark vergrößerter Oberfläche geleitete. Durch das große Verhältnis von Wärmeaustauschfläche zu Strahlungsfläche wird erreicht, daß die Heizgase relativ langsam an dem Konverter entlangströmen können. Dadurch wird der Wärmeaustausch verbessert. Die Gasverbrennung kann als atmosphärische Verbrennung erfolgen, bei der ein Gebläsebrenner nicht erforderlich ist. Wegen der gleichmäßigen Verteilung der Gase ergibt sich ein niedriger Gasverbrauch. Der Konverter kann so dimensioniert werden, daß der höchste Wirkungsgrad erzielt wird, der zulässig ist. Vorteilhaft ist weiterhin, daß der Wärmestrahler ein geringes Gewicht hat, was insbesondere bei der Aufhängung des Wärmestrahlers an einem Hallendach von Bedeutung ist. Sämtliche Komponenten sind leicht zugänglich, so daß die Wartung erleichtert wird.The heat radiator according to the invention can be used as an economical dark radiator be designated. With him the heating or Combustion gases along a converter structure greatly increased surface area. By the big one Ratio of heat exchange area to radiation area achieved that the heating gases are relatively slow at the converter can flow along. This is the heat exchange improved. Gas combustion can be considered atmospheric Combustion takes place where a forced draft burner does not is required. Because of the even distribution of the gases the gas consumption is low. The converter can do this be dimensioned so that the highest efficiency is achieved that is permissible. It is also advantageous that the Radiant heater has a light weight, which is particularly true the mounting of the heat radiator on a hall roof by Meaning is. All components are easily accessible, so that maintenance is made easier.

Ein weiterer Vorteil besteht darin, daß der Konverter von den Heizgasen in Querrichtung durchströmt werden kann und somit an allen Stellen gleichmäßig erwärmt wird. Dadurch ergibt sich eine gleichmäßige Strahlungsintensität über die gesamte Strahlungsfläche. Another advantage is that the converter from the Heating gases can be flowed through in the transverse direction and thus is heated evenly at all points. This results in uniform radiation intensity over the entire Radiating surface.

Gemäß der Erfindung ist der Konverter in einer nach unten offenen Haube angeordnet, unter die die Verbrennungsgase des Brenners geleitet werden. Die Haube bildet somit gewissermaßen einen umgekehrten See, der die Verbrennungsgase aufnimmt und' an dem Konverter entlangleitet. Die Verbrennungsgase treten entlang des einen Randes unter die Haube, durchströmen die Haube in Querrichtung, wobei sie an dem Konverter entlanggeführt werden, und verlassen die Haube am gegenüberliegenden Rand. Dabei findet ein Gas- und Wärmeaustausch auch in Längsrichtung der Haube statt. Die. Haube stellt eine nach unten offene Struktur dar, durch deren Öffnung der Konverter zu Reinigungs- oder Wartungszwecken leicht zugänglich ist. Diese Haube kann eine Reflexionsfläche und/oder eine Strahlungsfläche aufweisen. Bei einer Reflexionsfläche ist der Reflexionsfaktor groß und der Absorptionsfaktor klein, während bei einer Strahlungsfläche der Reflexionsfaktor klein und der Absorptionsfaktor groß ist. Eine Strahlungsfläche wirkt im Idealfall als schwarzer Körper, d.h. sie absorbiert einfallende Strahlung und strahlt ihrerseits Eigenstrahlung ab.According to the invention, the Converter arranged in a hood open at the bottom, below which direct the combustion gases from the burner. The The hood thus forms a reverse lake, so to speak absorbs the combustion gases and 'on the converter along forwards. The combustion gases pass along one Edge under the hood, flow through the hood in Transverse direction, along the converter and leave the hood on the opposite edge. A gas and heat exchange also takes place in Longitudinal direction of the hood instead. The. Hood adjusts one structure open below, through the opening of which the converter is easily accessible for cleaning or maintenance purposes. This hood can be a reflective surface and / or a Have radiation area. With a reflective surface the reflection factor is large and the absorption factor is small, while with a radiation surface the reflection factor is small and the absorption factor is large. A radiant area ideally acts as a black body, i.e. it absorbs incident radiation and emits its own radiation.

Der Brenner kann an dem einen Rand der Haube als separate Vorrichtung angebracht sein. Er enthält ein längslaufendes Brennrohr, das sich vorzugsweise nur über einen Teil der Brennkammerlänge erstreckt. Der Auslaßschlitz der Brennkammer ist so geformt, daß die Heizgase über die Länge des Auslaßschlitzes im wesentlichen gleichmäßig verteilt aus der Brennkammer austreten. Dies bedeutet, daß der Strömungswiderstand des Auslaßschlitzes im Längenbereich des Brennerrohres größer ist als in denjenigen Längenbereichen, in denen das Brennerrohr nicht vorhanden ist.The burner can be on the one edge of the hood as a separate Device be attached. It contains a longitudinal one Fuel tube, which is preferably only part of the Combustion chamber length extends. The outlet slot of the combustion chamber is shaped so that the heating gases extend over the length of the Outlet slot distributed substantially evenly from the Exit the combustion chamber. This means that the Flow resistance of the outlet slot in the length range of Burner tube is larger than in those length ranges, in which the burner tube is not available.

Im folgenden werden unter Bezugnahme auf die Zeichnungen Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung näher erläutert.The following are with reference to the drawings Embodiments of the invention explained in more detail.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
einen Querschnitt durch eine erste Ausführungsform des Wärmestrahlers,
Fig. 2
einen Längsschnitt entlang der Linie II-II von Fig. 1 und
Fig. 3
einen Längsschnitt durch eine weitere Ausführungsform des Wärmestrahlers.
Show it:
Fig. 1
3 shows a cross section through a first embodiment of the heat radiator,
Fig. 2
a longitudinal section along the line II-II of Fig. 1 and
Fig. 3
a longitudinal section through a further embodiment of the heat radiator.

Der Wärmestrahler weist eine langgestreckte Haube 10 auf, die als nach unten offene umgekehrt-U-förmige Wanne ausgebildet ist und eine Länge von mehreren Metern haben kann. Die Haube 10 besteht z.B. aus Metall und sie hat hier eine horizontal verlaufende Basisplatte 10a, an die sich schräg nach unten und außen gerichtete Seitenplatten 10b und 10c anschließen. Die Haube könnte auch eine kantenlose Rundstruktur oder eine andere Polygonstruktur aufweisen. Die Haube 10 ist auf ihrer Oberseite mit einer Wärmedämmung 11 versehen, die z.B. aus einer Schicht aus wärmedämmenden Material bestehen kann. Bei dem vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel besteht die Wärmedämmung 11 aus einer auf die Haube 10 aufgesetzten Hilfshaube 12, die mit die Haube 10 einen wärmedämmenden Luftraum 13 bildet. The heat radiator has an elongated hood 10 which formed as an inverted U-shaped trough open at the bottom is and can have a length of several meters. The hood 10 is e.g. made of metal and here it has a horizontal extending base plate 10a, which slopes downwards and connect outside side plates 10b and 10c. The hood could also have an edgeless round structure or one have a different polygon structure. The hood 10 is on hers Provide the top with thermal insulation 11, e.g. out can consist of a layer of heat-insulating material. at in the present embodiment there is thermal insulation 11 from an auxiliary hood 12 placed on the hood 10, the with the hood 10 forms a heat-insulating air space 13.

Längs des einen unteren Randes 14 der Haube 10 erstreckt sich der Brenner 15. Dieser Brenner 15 weist eine langgestreckte Brennerkammer 16 auf, die an ihrem Boden mit Lufteintrittsöffnungen 17 versehen ist und an ihrer Oberseite eine schlitzförmige langgestreckte Austrittsöffnung 18 für die Heizgase aufweist. In der Brennerkammer 16 erstreckt sich ein horizontales Brennerrohr 19, das an seiner Oberseite zahlreiche Gasaustrittsöffnungen 20 aufweist, die in regelmäßigen Abständen angeordnet sind. Dem Brennerrohr 19 wird von einer externen Gasleitung 21 Gas zugeführt, das aus den. Gasaustrittsöffnungen 20 austritt und unter Mischung mit der Außenluft verbrennt, so daß über den Gasaustrittsöffnungen 20 atmosphärisch brennende Flammen entstehen.Extends along one lower edge 14 of the hood 10 the burner 15. This burner 15 has an elongated Burner chamber 16 on the bottom with Air inlet openings 17 is provided and on its top a slot-shaped elongated outlet opening 18 for which has heating gases. Extends in the burner chamber 16 a horizontal burner tube 19 on its top has numerous gas outlet openings 20, which in are arranged at regular intervals. The burner tube 19 is supplied from an external gas line 21 gas that from the. Gas outlet openings 20 exits and mixed with the outside air burns so that over the gas outlet openings 20 atmospherically burning flames are created.

Das Brennerrohr 19 erstreckt sich nur über einen Teilbereich der Länge der Haube 10, hier etwa über das mittlere Drittel. Damit die Heizgase in gleichmäßiger Verteilung über die gesamte Länge der Brennerkammer 16 aus dem Auslaß 18 austreten, ist im mittleren Bereich der Länge der Brennerkammer 16 ein die Auslaßöffnung 18 verengendes Blech 18a vorgesehen, das in diesem Bereich eine Drosselwirkung ausübt, während die anderen Bereiche der Auslaßöffnung 18 ungedrosselt sind. Ferner ist in der Brennerkammer 16 eine Leitplatte 22 aus feuerfestem Material vorgesehen, um die Haube 10 vor direkter Einwirkung der Flammen zu schützen. Die Leitplatte 22 verläuft über den Austrittsöffnungen 20 und parallel zu der Seitenplatte 10b der Haube 10. Die Auslaßöffnung 18 ist so gerichtet, daß die aus ihr austretenden Heizgase an der Seitenplatte 10b der Haube 10 entlangstreichen. The burner tube 19 extends only over a partial area the length of the hood 10, here about the middle third. So that the heating gases are evenly distributed over the entire length of the burner chamber 16 from the outlet 18th emerge is in the middle of the length of the Burner chamber 16 a sheet narrowing the outlet opening 18 18a provided a throttling effect in this area exerts while the other areas of the outlet opening 18th are unthrottled. Furthermore, in the burner chamber 16 Guide plate 22 made of refractory material to the Protect hood 10 from direct exposure to the flames. The Baffle 22 extends over the outlet openings 20 and parallel to the side plate 10b of the hood 10. The outlet opening 18 is directed so that those emerging from it Heating gases on the side plate 10b of the hood 10 along strike.

Die Heizgase, die die Brennerkammer 16 verlassen haben, steigen unter der Haube 10 auf und strömen an der Haubenwand entlang, um nach Abgabe eines erheblichen Teils ihrer Wärme unter dem gegenüberliegenden Rand 23 hindurch abzuströmen. Die Heizgase können beispielsweise unmittelbar in die Umgebung abgeleitet werden. Sie können aber auch durch einen (nicht dargestellten) Kamin abgeführt werden.The heating gases that have left the burner chamber 16 rise under the hood 10 and flow on the hood wall along to after releasing a significant portion of their heat flow out under the opposite edge 23. The heating gases can, for example, directly into the Environment can be derived. But you can also by one Chimney (not shown) can be removed.

Unter der Basisplatte 10a der Haube ist der Konverter 24 befestigt. Dieser Konverter 24 erstreckt sich über die gesamte Länge der Haube 10. Er enthält eine Basisplatte 25, von der zahlreiche parallele Rippen 26 nach unten abstehen, so daß der Konverter hier - in Stirnansicht gesehen - kammförmig ausgebildet ist. Zwischen den Rippen 26 erstrecken sich nach unten offene Leitkanäle 27, die quer zur Längsrichtung der Haube 10 verlaufen. An den stirnseitigen Enden ist die Haube 10 durch Stirnwände 28 bzw. 29 abgeschlossen.The converter 24 is located under the base plate 10a of the hood attached. This converter 24 extends over the entire length of the hood 10. It contains a base plate 25, from which numerous parallel ribs 26 project downwards, so that the converter here - seen from the front - is comb-shaped. Extend between the ribs 26 downwardly open guide channels 27 which are transverse to Longitudinal direction of the hood 10 run. On the front The hood 10 ends by end walls 28 and 29, respectively completed.

Die Heizgase strömen nach dem Verlassen der Brennerkammer 16 an dem Konverter 24 entlang und durch die Leitkanäle 27 hindurch. Dabei heizen sie den Konverter 24, der beispielsweise aus Stahl oder Keramik besteht, auf. Wegen der Rippen 26 hat der Konverter 24 eine sehr große Oberfläche, die in Wärmeaustausch mit den Heizgasen steht. Auf diese Weise heizt der Konverter sich selbst bei langsamer Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Heizgase sehr stark auf. Andererseits gibt der Konverter 24 Strahlungswärme nach unten ab. Die wirksame Strahlungsfläche des Konverters 24 wird im wesentlichen durch die vertikale Projektion des Konverters bestimmt, ist also wesentlich kleiner als die Wärmeaustauschfläche. Nach Aufheizung des Konverters 24 entsteht ein thermisches Gleichgewicht zwischen der aufgenommenen Konvektionswärme und der abgegebenen Strahlungswärme, wobei der Konverter eine Temperatur von z.B. 300°C annimmt. Nachdem die Heizgase Wärme an den Konverter 24 abgegeben haben, verlassen sie die Haube mit einer Temperatur von etwa 150°C.The heating gases flow after leaving the burner chamber 16 along the converter 24 and through the guide channels 27 therethrough. They heat the converter 24, the for example made of steel or ceramic. Because of the Ribs 26, converter 24 has a very large surface area, which is in heat exchange with the heating gases. To this In this way, the converter heats itself up even at a slower rate Flow rate of the heating gases very strongly. On the other hand, the converter 24 emits radiant heat downwards from. The effective radiation area of the converter 24 is in essentially through the vertical projection of the converter is much smaller than that Heat exchange surface. After the converter 24 has heated up a thermal equilibrium is created between the absorbed convection heat and the emitted Radiant heat, the converter having a temperature of e.g. Assumes 300 ° C. After the heating gases heat the converter 24 have left the hood with a temperature of about 150 ° C.

In der unteren Öffnung der Haube 10 ist ein Windschutzgitter 30 angeordnet, das sich über die gesamte Haubenöffnung erstreckt und verhindert, das Zugluft an den Konverter 24 gelangt und diesen abkühlt. Das Windschutzgitter 30 dient auch der Wirkungsgraderhöhung.In the lower opening of the hood 10 is a wind protection grille 30 arranged over the entire hood opening extends and prevents drafts from reaching converter 24 arrives and cools it down. The windscreen 30 serves also the increase in efficiency.

Die Teile der Haube 10, insbesondere die Seitenplatten 10b und 10c, können als Reflektoren ausgebildet sein, um die auf sie auftreffende Wärmestrahlung zu reflektieren und somit gezielt schräg in den Raum unterhalb der Haube 10 zu leiten. Auf diese Weise kann eine breite Strahlungscharakteristik erzielt werden. Es besteht auch die Möglichkeit, Teile der Haube aus strahlungsabsorbierendem Material herzustellen, das Strahlungswärme aufnimmt und als Eigenstrahler wirkt.The parts of the hood 10, in particular the side plates 10b and 10c, can be designed as reflectors to reflect on reflecting incident heat radiation and thus to be directed diagonally into the space below the hood 10. In this way, a wide radiation pattern be achieved. There is also the possibility of parts of the Manufacture hood from radiation absorbing material that Absorbs radiant heat and acts as an internal radiator.

Die nach unten offene Haube 10 bewirkt eine Strömung der Heizgase entlang der Leitkanäle 27 des Konverters 24. Die Haube bildet eine Art Thermosiphon, in dem die Heizgase zunächst aufsteigen und nach Abgabe ihrer Wärme nach unten abgeleitet werden. Der Konverter 24 ist bei dem vorliegenden Ausführungsbeispiel so ausgebildet, daß die Leitkanäle 27 gerade verlaufen. Er kann auch als Labyrinth ausgebildet sein, in welchem die Heizgase einen meanderförmigen Strömungsweg durchlaufen. The hood 10 open at the bottom causes a flow of the Heating gases along the guide channels 27 of the converter 24. Die Hood forms a kind of thermosiphon in which the heating gases first ascend and down after releasing their heat be derived. The converter 24 is in the present Embodiment designed so that the guide channels 27th just passed. It can also be designed as a labyrinth be in which the heating gases have a meandering shape Pass through the flow path.

Bei dem Ausführungsbeispiel von Fig. 3 ist ebenfalls eine nach unten offene Haube 10 vorgesehen. Der Brenner 15 ist hier an der Oberseite der Haube angeordnet und läßt die Heizgase aus seiner Unterseite 15a in die Haube hinein austreten. In der Oberwand der Haube 10 ist der Konverter 24a angeordnet, der hier als nach unten offene (umgekehrte) Rinne ausgebildet ist, die parallel zu dem Brenner 15 verläuft. Der Konverter 24a weist hier glatte Wände auf, jedoch könnten die Wände ebenfalls strukturiert sein. Der Konverter 24a hat im wesentlichen Trapezform. Die Wände des Konverters 24a haben eine Oberfläche, die wesentlich größer ist die Fläche der Öffnung 32. Die Fläche 32 bildet die Projektion der Fläche des Konverters 24a. Sie ist wesentlich kleiner als die Fläche des Konverters.In the embodiment 3 is also a hood 10 open at the bottom intended. The burner 15 is here at the top of the Hood arranged and releases the heating gases from its underside 15a exit into the hood. In the top wall of the hood 10 is arranged the converter 24a, which here as down open (reverse) gutter is formed parallel to the burner 15 runs. The converter 24a is smooth here Walls open, however the walls could also be structured his. The converter 24a has an essentially trapezoidal shape. The Walls of the converter 24a have a surface that the area of the opening 32 is much larger. The area 32 forms the projection of the surface of the converter 24a. she is much smaller than the area of the converter.

Die von dem Brenner 15 ausgehende Strömung der Heizgase ist in Fig. 3 mit 33 bezeichnet. Die Heizgase, die den Brenner 15 verlassen haben, strömen an einer Seite in den Konverter 24a hinein, durchströmen ihn schräg nach oben und wieder nach unten, um dann unter dem Rand der Haube 10 auszutreten. Ebenso wie bei dem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel ist die Haube 10 langgestreckte und der Brenner 15 und der Konverter 24a verlaufen als langgestreckte Komponenten in Längsrichtung der Haube. Der Konverter wird bei diesem Ausführungsbeispiel in . Querrichtung durchströmt.The outflow of the heating gases from the burner 15 is designated by 33 in FIG. The heating gases that burn the burner 15 have left, flow into the converter 24a on one side into it, flow diagonally upwards and back again below, in order to then exit under the edge of the hood 10. The hood is the same as in the first embodiment 10 elongated and the burner 15 and the converter 24a run as elongated components in the longitudinal direction of the Hood. The converter is in this embodiment in. Flows through the transverse direction.

Claims (10)

  1. Gas radiant heater comprising a burner (15) whose heating gases are passed along a converter (24) radiating radiant heat into the environment, the converter (24, 24a) consisting of an elongated groove or a plurality of guide channels (27) through which the heating gases flow, and the converter (24, 24a) being a body with a surface larger than the effective radiant surface, wherein the heat exchange surface subjected to the heating gases is at least twice as large - preferably four times as large - as the effective radiant surface, characterized in that the groove or the guide channels (27), respectively, are open downwardly, and that the converter (24) is arranged in a hood (10) closed at the top and open at the bottom, under which hood the heating gases of the burner (15) are guided.
  2. The radiant heater of claim 1, characterized in that the burner (15) comprises a burner chamber (16) extending along one edge (14) of the elongated hood (10) such that the heating gases flow through the hood (10) transverse to the longitudinal extension thereof and flow out at the opposite edge (23).
  3. The radiant heater of claim 1, characterized in that the burner (15) is arranged at one end of the elongated hood (10), the heating gases flowing through the hood (10) in the longitudinal direction.
  4. The radiant heater of one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hood (10) has a thermal insulation (11) on its outside.
  5. The radiant heater of one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that at least sections of the inside of the hood (10) are designed as a reflector surface.
  6. The radiant heater of one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at least sections of the inside of the hood (10) are designed as a radiant surface.
  7. The radiant heater of one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the burner (15) has a burner pipe (19) extending in a burner chamber (16) and having gas outlet openings (20), the length of the burner pipe being shorter than the burner chamber (16), and that the burner chamber (16) has an outlet (18) whose width is reduced over the length of the burner pipe (19).
  8. The radiant heater of one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a wind protection grid (30) is provided at the opening of the hood (10).
  9. The radiant heater of one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the converter (24) comprises guide channels (27) open at the bottom and extending entirely or partly transverse to the longitudinal extension of the hood (10).
  10. The radiant heater of claim 9, characterized in that the converter (24) is a rib structure with downward directed ribs (26) the heating gases flowing along the ribs in parallel therewith.
EP00121839A 1995-10-21 1996-10-19 Gas radiant heater Expired - Lifetime EP1077348B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE29516643U 1995-10-21
DE29516643U DE29516643U1 (en) 1995-10-21 1995-10-21 Gas heated radiant heater
EP96116842A EP0769658B1 (en) 1995-10-21 1996-10-19 Gas radiant heater

Related Parent Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96116842A Division EP0769658B1 (en) 1995-10-21 1996-10-19 Gas radiant heater

Publications (2)

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EP1077348A1 EP1077348A1 (en) 2001-02-21
EP1077348B1 true EP1077348B1 (en) 2003-09-17

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ID=8014395

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00121839A Expired - Lifetime EP1077348B1 (en) 1995-10-21 1996-10-19 Gas radiant heater
EP96116842A Expired - Lifetime EP0769658B1 (en) 1995-10-21 1996-10-19 Gas radiant heater

Family Applications After (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96116842A Expired - Lifetime EP0769658B1 (en) 1995-10-21 1996-10-19 Gas radiant heater

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EP (2) EP1077348B1 (en)
AT (2) ATE250202T1 (en)
DE (3) DE29516643U1 (en)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6932079B2 (en) 2003-04-01 2005-08-23 Radiant Optics Radiant energy source systems, devices, and methods capturing, controlling, or recycling gas flows
US7116900B2 (en) 2003-04-01 2006-10-03 Radiant Optics, Inc. Radiant energy source systems, devices, and methods capturing, controlling, or recycling gas flows

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE7309345U (en) * 1973-09-20 Jenewein & Gapp Gmbh Gas stove
FR2190249A5 (en) * 1972-06-22 1974-01-25 Utilisation Ration Gaz
US3763847A (en) * 1972-09-07 1973-10-09 Foster Miller Ass Radiant heater
DE2706043C2 (en) * 1977-02-12 1982-09-16 Herbert 4050 Mönchengladbach Baumanns Radiant burner
US4507083A (en) * 1982-09-21 1985-03-26 Joseph Fraioli Gas-fired infrared projection heater
US4432727A (en) * 1982-09-21 1984-02-21 Joseph Fraioli Gas-fired infrared projection heater
DE3415058A1 (en) * 1984-04-21 1985-10-31 GoGas Goch GmbH & Co, 4600 Dortmund Radiant burner
US4727854A (en) * 1986-05-08 1988-03-01 Johnson Arthur C W High efficiency infrared radiant energy heating system and reflector therefor
US4702693A (en) * 1986-12-03 1987-10-27 Joseph Fraioli Gas-fired infrared heater
DE3903540A1 (en) * 1989-02-07 1990-08-09 Guenter Petz Radiant heater
FR2654806B1 (en) * 1989-11-17 1992-02-14 Triatherm Sarl INFRARED RADIATION GAS HEATER.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE29516643U1 (en) 1997-02-20
EP0769658A1 (en) 1997-04-23
EP1077348A1 (en) 2001-02-21
DE59610724D1 (en) 2003-10-23
DE59606754D1 (en) 2001-05-17
ATE200567T1 (en) 2001-04-15
EP0769658B1 (en) 2001-04-11
ATE250202T1 (en) 2003-10-15

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