EP0769655B1 - Buse de pulvérisation par air comprimé - Google Patents

Buse de pulvérisation par air comprimé Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0769655B1
EP0769655B1 EP96810646A EP96810646A EP0769655B1 EP 0769655 B1 EP0769655 B1 EP 0769655B1 EP 96810646 A EP96810646 A EP 96810646A EP 96810646 A EP96810646 A EP 96810646A EP 0769655 B1 EP0769655 B1 EP 0769655B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
atomizer
nozzle
airblast
burner
air
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP96810646A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0769655A2 (fr
EP0769655A3 (fr
Inventor
Franz Dr. Joos
Marcel Stalder
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
General Electric Switzerland GmbH
Original Assignee
Alstom Schweiz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Alstom Schweiz AG filed Critical Alstom Schweiz AG
Publication of EP0769655A2 publication Critical patent/EP0769655A2/fr
Publication of EP0769655A3 publication Critical patent/EP0769655A3/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0769655B1 publication Critical patent/EP0769655B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/005—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space with combinations of different spraying or vaporising means
    • F23D11/007—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space with combinations of different spraying or vaporising means combination of means covered by sub-groups F23D11/10 and F23D11/24
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D11/00—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space
    • F23D11/10—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour
    • F23D11/106—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting at the burner outlet
    • F23D11/107—Burners using a direct spraying action of liquid droplets or vaporised liquid into the combustion space the spraying being induced by a gaseous medium, e.g. water vapour medium and fuel meeting at the burner outlet at least one of both being subjected to a swirling motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/07002—Premix burners with air inlet slots obtained between offset curved wall surfaces, e.g. double cone burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2211/00—Thermal dilatation prevention or compensation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23D—BURNERS
    • F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
    • F23D2900/11101—Pulverising gas flow impinging on fuel from pre-filming surface, e.g. lip atomizers

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of combustion technology. It relates to an atomizing nozzle for atomizing liquid fuel in a burner, which works on the airblast principle works, both for the operation of the burner with liquid as well as gaseous fuels and especially in low-pollution premix burners of the double-cone design can be used.
  • a nozzle is e.g. known from EP 0 660 038 A2.
  • the fuel must be used for low-pollutant premix combustion before combustion as homogeneous as possible with the combustion air be mixed. If liquid fuel is used, so this must be atomized beforehand.
  • the liquid Fuel jet split into individual droplets so that the fuel has the largest possible evaporation surface receives.
  • airblast atomizers are also used Application (see A. H. Lefebvre, Airblast Atomization, Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. Vol. 6, pp. 233-261, 1980), which in particular are suitable for the operation of gas turbines.
  • This are designed so that the relatively slow moving liquid fuel through a high speed air flow is atomized.
  • the fuel has none Own pulse.
  • the liquid to be atomized is, for example as a thin film with an approximately constant thickness on an atomizer edge applied. This atomizer edge is from an air flow on both sides, d. H. of an exterior and of an internal air flow, with the atomization of the Liquid fuel then on the atomizer lip in the shear field of the two air flows takes place (prefilming atomization).
  • the internal airflow either swirls and / or over one Central body directed outwards.
  • the invention tries to avoid all these disadvantages.
  • you the task is based on an airblast nozzle for atomization to develop liquid fuel that is also suitable for the Gas operation can be used and is characterized by small dimensions and is therefore, for example, well suited for the Use in a premix burner of the double cone type, whereby the nozzle due to reduced susceptibility to coking and awards for gum formation.
  • the Nozzle only a slight pressure drop arise.
  • this is according to an airblast nozzle Preamble of claim 1 achieved by that the atomizer edges are angled along their entire length in the direction of the nozzle axis.
  • the advantages of the invention are the compact design the airblast nozzle and its minimum diameter so that especially in a double-cone type premix burner are good to use. Another advantage comes from that no more components are arranged at the nozzle outlet that tend to build up or overheat. Furthermore there is only a small pressure loss in the nozzle and the design pressure drop is at the atomizer lip.
  • the fuel is advantageously available on the market Pressure atomizers, in particular hollow cone atomizers, applied.
  • To apply the fuel are also simple Bores that are radial or oblique at the closed end of the Fuel line are attached, suitable.
  • FIG. 2 shows the airblast nozzle in an enlarged partial longitudinal section 2. It has one arranged around the nozzle axis 11 Fuel pipe 12 for the liquid fuel 4 on and each an inner 13 arranged concentrically thereto and one outer air duct 14.
  • the two air channels 13, 14 are upstream with an air supply line 15 in which the Atomizing air 5 is led to the nozzle, connected and open on the atomizing cross section 16 in the burner interior 17.
  • Die Channels 13, 14 are through an intermediate wall 18, according to the invention at its downstream end in the direction of the nozzle axis 11 is angled and there the atomizer edge 19 the atomizer lip 20 forms, separated from each other, so that the atomizing air 5 into an outer 5a and an inner Airflow 5b is split.
  • the partition 18 is inclusive the atomizer edge 19 between the fuel pipe 12 and outer nozzle body 23 held.
  • the inner support elements 21 are between the fuel pipe 12 and the Partition 18 arranged while the outer support elements 21 between the intermediate wall 18 and the nozzle outer body 23 are arranged.
  • a pilot gas channel 22 is provided in the burner 1, which pilot gas 9 provides the greasing of the gaseous Fuel 6 is used in the interior of the burner, thereby increasing the stability range the burner is expanded.
  • the pilot gas channel 22 is shown in FIG. 2 by the outer nozzle body 23 and by the Wall of the burner 1 limited. 2 is not shown the connection of the nozzle 2 with the burner 1 and the feed of the pilot gas channel 22.
  • the latter can for example by an arranged in the burner wall, not shown here Feed hole for the pilot gas can be realized.
  • the nozzle 2 can e.g. about a not shown Cover that at the upstream end of the pilot gas channel 22nd on the outer nozzle body 23 and on the wall of the burner 1 over the entire circumference is welded on and the pilot gas channel 22 completes, be connected.
  • Embodiments also on the arrangement of a pilot gas channel to be dispensed with.
  • the liquid fuel 4, preferably oil, is over a exchangeable, commercially available pressure atomizers 24 as thinner Film applied to the atomizer edge 19.
  • a exchangeable, commercially available pressure atomizers 24 as thinner Film applied to the atomizer edge 19.
  • the atomizer edges 19 are narrowed in accordance with the invention in order to in the atomizing cross section 16 or on the atomizing lip 20 to get a maximum air speed.
  • the one in the outside Air duct 14 brought out external air flow 5a also via a constriction at the atomizer edge 19 the atomizer lip 20 brought up where the fuel film atomized finely by the shear forces of the two air streams 5a, 5b becomes.
  • the high air speed has a positive effect for improved atomization quality.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates, it is also possible to use the atomizer to leave whole, i.e. both the inner and the outer support elements 21 are fixed to the intermediate wall 18 and the liquid fuel tube 12 and the nozzle outer body 23 connected. Then the nozzle 2 as a whole is only from the outside movable (sliding point 29).
  • Fig. 3 shows an embodiment in which the liquid fuel 4 via simple holes 25 on the atomizer edge 19 is applied. These are radial or oblique on closed end of the liquid fuel line 12 is arranged. In order to even out the fuel film and thereby Atomization quality can be improved in the Atomizing edge 19 weirs 26 may be arranged.
  • FIG. 4 Another embodiment variant is shown in FIG. 4.
  • the support elements 21 are as Swirl blades 27 executed. It is possible to only use the to arrange inner support elements 21 as swirl blades, so that only the inner air flow 5b is swirled for a better one To achieve flow around the atomizer lip 20. Will only the outer air flow 5a swirls, so the spray angle ⁇ are influenced. Of course, 4, both air flows 5a, 5b swirl by using both the inner and outer support elements 21 are designed as swirl generators.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Spraying Of Liquid Fuel (AREA)
  • Pressure-Spray And Ultrasonic-Wave- Spray Burners (AREA)
  • Spray-Type Burners (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Buse de pulvérisation par air comprimé (2) pour la conduite d'un brûleur (1) fonctionnant avec des combustibles liquides et gazeux (4, 6), dans laquelle la buse (2) se compose essentiellement d'un tube de combustible liquide (12) disposé en position centrale autour de l'axe de la buse (11) avec au moins un moyen se trouvant à l'extrémité aval pour appliquer le combustible liquide (4) sur une arête de pulvérisation (19), ainsi que de deux canaux d'air (13, 14) concentriques alimentés par une conduite d'arrivée d'air (15) et en option d'un canal de gaz d'allumage (22) disposé concentriquement à ceux-ci, dans laquelle les canaux (13, 14, 22) sont séparés les uns des autres par une paroi intermédiaire (18), ainsi que d'un corps extérieur de la buse (23), dans laquelle les canaux d'air (13, 14) débouchent dans l'espace intérieur du brûleur (17) dans la section transversale de pulvérisation (16) de la buse (2), le canal d'air extérieur (13) se rétrécit avant la section transversale de pulvérisation (16) et la paroi intermédiaire (18) entre le canal d'air intérieur (14) et le canal d'air extérieur (13) forme à son extrémité aval l'arête de pulvérisation (19), et la paroi intermédiaire (18) entre le canal d'air intérieur (14) et le canal d'air extérieur (13) est maintenue par des éléments d'appui intérieurs et extérieurs (21), dans laquelle les éléments d'appui intérieurs sont disposés entre la paroi intermédiaire (18) et le tube de combustible (12) et les éléments d'appui extérieurs (21) sont disposés entre la paroi intermédiaire (18) et le corps extérieur de la buse (23), caractérisée en ce que les arêtes de pulvérisation (19) sont coudées sur toute leur longueur en direction de l'axe de la buse (11).
  2. Buse de pulvérisation par air comprimé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le tube de combustible liquide (12) peut coulisser en direction axiale, tandis que le corps extérieur de la buse (23) fait partie du brûleur (1) et y est par conséquent solidement fixé.
  3. Buse de pulvérisation par air comprimé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que ses composants sont solidement fixés et la buse (2) ne peut coulisser axialement qu'en bloc.
  4. Buse de pulvérisation par air comprimé suivant la revendication 2, caractérisée en ce qu'il est prévu une zone de glissement (28) entre les éléments d'appui intérieurs (21) sur le tube de combustible liquide (12) et la paroi intermédiaire (18) entre le canal d'air intérieur (14) et le canal d'air extérieur (13).
  5. Buse de pulvérisation par air comprimé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que le moyen pour appliquer le combustible liquide (4) est un pulvérisateur à haute pression (24) à mazout.
  6. Buse de pulvérisation par air comprimé suivant la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que le pulvérisateur à haute pression (24) à mazout est un pulvérisateur à cône creux.
  7. Buse de pulvérisation par air comprimé suivant la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que le pulvérisateur à haute pression (24) à mazout est un pulvérisateur à cône plein.
  8. Buse de pulvérisation par air comprimé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les moyens pour appliquer le combustible liquide (4) sont des trous (25) disposés en direction radiale ou oblique dans l'extrémité fermée du tube de combustible (12).
  9. Buse de pulvérisation par air comprimé suivant la revendication 8, caractérisée en ce que des déversoirs (26) sont disposés sur l'arête de pulvérisation (19).
  10. Buse de pulvérisation par air comprimé suivant la revendication 1, caractérisée en ce que les éléments d'appui extérieurs et/ou intérieurs (21) se présentent sous la forme de générateurs de tourbillon (27), en particulier d'aubes de rotation.
EP96810646A 1995-10-21 1996-09-30 Buse de pulvérisation par air comprimé Expired - Lifetime EP0769655B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19539246 1995-10-21
DE19539246A DE19539246A1 (de) 1995-10-21 1995-10-21 Airblast-Zerstäuberdüse

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0769655A2 EP0769655A2 (fr) 1997-04-23
EP0769655A3 EP0769655A3 (fr) 1999-01-20
EP0769655B1 true EP0769655B1 (fr) 2003-04-09

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ID=7775446

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96810646A Expired - Lifetime EP0769655B1 (fr) 1995-10-21 1996-09-30 Buse de pulvérisation par air comprimé

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US5782626A (fr)
EP (1) EP0769655B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3810491B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1126909C (fr)
DE (2) DE19539246A1 (fr)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102006055837A1 (de) * 2006-11-10 2008-05-15 Visteon Global Technologies Inc., Van Buren Wärmeübertrager, insbesondere als Verdampfer von Fahrzeugklimaanlagen

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JP3810491B2 (ja) 2006-08-16
DE59610329D1 (de) 2003-05-15
US5782626A (en) 1998-07-21
EP0769655A2 (fr) 1997-04-23
CN1156804A (zh) 1997-08-13
EP0769655A3 (fr) 1999-01-20
DE19539246A1 (de) 1997-04-24
CN1126909C (zh) 2003-11-05
JPH09133326A (ja) 1997-05-20

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