EP0769306B1 - Fil de guidage en acier inoxydable ayant un revêtement multicouche - Google Patents

Fil de guidage en acier inoxydable ayant un revêtement multicouche Download PDF

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EP0769306B1
EP0769306B1 EP96307157A EP96307157A EP0769306B1 EP 0769306 B1 EP0769306 B1 EP 0769306B1 EP 96307157 A EP96307157 A EP 96307157A EP 96307157 A EP96307157 A EP 96307157A EP 0769306 B1 EP0769306 B1 EP 0769306B1
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Prior art keywords
guidewire
tie layer
distal
proximal
covering
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EP96307157A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0769306A2 (fr
EP0769306A3 (fr
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Erik T. Engelson
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Target Therapeutics Inc
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Target Therapeutics Inc
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/08—Materials for coatings
    • A61L31/10—Macromolecular materials
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/02—Inorganic materials
    • A61L31/022—Metals or alloys
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61L—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR STERILISING MATERIALS OR OBJECTS IN GENERAL; DISINFECTION, STERILISATION OR DEODORISATION OF AIR; CHEMICAL ASPECTS OF BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES; MATERIALS FOR BANDAGES, DRESSINGS, ABSORBENT PADS OR SURGICAL ARTICLES
    • A61L31/00—Materials for other surgical articles, e.g. stents, stent-grafts, shunts, surgical drapes, guide wires, materials for adhesion prevention, occluding devices, surgical gloves, tissue fixation devices
    • A61L31/14—Materials characterised by their function or physical properties, e.g. injectable or lubricating compositions, shape-memory materials, surface modified materials
    • A61L31/18—Materials at least partially X-ray or laser opaque
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/09—Guide wires
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/09—Guide wires
    • A61M2025/09166—Guide wires having radio-opaque features
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
    • A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
    • A61M25/09—Guide wires
    • A61M2025/09175—Guide wires having specific characteristics at the distal tip

Definitions

  • This invention is a surgical instrument. It specifically relates to a guidewire made of a stainless steel alloy core which is coated with a non-hydrophilic lubricious polymer on the majority of its length located proximally and a hydrophilic polymer located at the majority of the remaining distal length of the guidewire.
  • the guidewire has a polymeric tie layer located between the metallic core of the guidewire assembly and the hydrophilic polymeric layer.
  • the metallic core is one of a number of stainless steels so to maintain its torque transmitting and bending stiffness capabilities. Desirably the outside diameter of the guidewire is constant from the distal end to the proximal end.
  • the metallic core may be tapered at appropriate locations along the guidewire assembly.
  • Vascular catheters are used to treat a variety of maladies formerly treated by drastic surgery. For instance, current high performance catheters are used in the treatment of berry aneurysms in the brain, various vascular accidents (such as strokes and contusions), percutaneous transcatheter angioplasty (PTCA), and the like.
  • catheters used for the delivery of therapeutic materials such as drugs and vasooclusive devices are over-the-wire catheters.
  • Other catheters used in the vascular system may be of a design which is flow-directed. A few flow-directed catheters are designed to use a simple distal end which is quite floppy and able to be carried along by the flow of blood through the body. Other flow-directed devices utilize small balloons at their distal end which act as "drag anchors" in pulling that distal end through the vascular path.
  • Flow-directed catheters have the advantage of quickly approaching a site through the vasculature if the site is in a high blood flow region. If the selected site is not in the highest velocity courseway, there is little or no chance that the catheter will reach the desired site.
  • Over-the-wire catheters are especially useful in treating or diagnosing regions of the body which are difficult to reach because of their location, e.g., at the end of distal and complicated routes through the vasculature. This is so since, unlike catheters typically used in the region of the heart, vascular catheters for remote vasculature do not have sufficient strength, stiffness, and ability to transmit torque to allow movement of the catheter by itself to the selected remote site. Consequently, guidewires are used to provide column strength and torsional strength to the overall catheter/guidewire assembly so that these fine vascular catheters can be tracked over the guidewire and steered through pertinent vessels. See, for instance, the disclosure in U.S. Patent No. 4,884,579 to Engelson.
  • the method of using a guidewire with a highly flexible catheter is as follows: a torqueable guidewire having a distal, bent end is guided by alternately rotating and advancing the wire in the vascular pathway to the target site.
  • the distal bend allows the attending physician the choice (with the aid of fluoroscopy) to select a route through bends and "Y's" in the vasculature to the target site.
  • the catheter is typically advanced along the guidewire in increments. It is critical that the catheter be able to track the guidewire along the route in which the guidewire has been placed. That is to say that the catheter must not be so stiff at its distal end (for a selected guidewire) that the catheter pulls the guidewire from its previously selected route.
  • both the guidewire and the catheter must be of sufficient resilience that they not easily kink when a difficult or tight region of vasculature is encountered.
  • the guidewire must ideally have the ability to transmit torque along its length in a controllable fashion -- that is to say that a selected wire rotation at the wire's proximal end produces a corresponding rotation at the distal end -- so to allow the physician to steer the guidewire as needed.
  • the need to penetrate farther into the vasculature of extremely soft organs such as the brain and liver provide great demands on the physical description of and material selection for guidewires.
  • the wire If the wire is too thin along its entire length, it is often difficult to transmit torque in a controlled manner along that wire length. Further, the wire may buckle with axial movement due to low column strength.
  • One solution to many of these problems has been through appropriate choice of material for the guidewire.
  • One such choice of materials is of alloys containing nickel and titanium and which has been treated in a specific fashion to result in a class generally known as nitinols.
  • Typical of such guidewires are those shown in Bates, U.S. Patent No. 5,129,890 and to Cook, U.S. Patent No. 5,213,111.
  • Some improvements to such device is using nickel titanium alloys may be found in U.S. Patent No. 5,409,015 to Palermo. These alloys are especially suitable for accessing deep into vasculature within soft tissue in that for properly chosen alloys, the guidewires have the ability to undergo major bending without any plastic deformation.
  • nitinol guidewires are very suitable for deep access into the vasculature, an offset in performance is typically attained because the alloy itself is quite resilient and stores significant mechanical energy. Said another way: a nitinol guidewire that is flexible enough to enter deep tortuous pathways may be difficult to use: a.) the user may not be able controllably to twist or torque the tip of the guidewire into an appropriate position, and b.) the excessive flexibility doesn't permit tracking of the catheter since the stiffer catheter may pull the guidewire from its preselected route.
  • This usability parameter is one which is typically attributable to the size and material found in the more proximal portions of the guidewire.
  • Increasing the size of the proximal portion of the guidewire raises the lateral stiffness of the guidewire.
  • Increasing the diameter of a nitinol guidewire to a point where the torqueability is improved sometimes will result in a guidewire having a diameter which is too large for easy physical manipulation.
  • TEFLON polytetrafluorethylene
  • hydrophilic coatings have also been suggested as coatings for these guidewires.
  • Lubricious coatings on guidewires provide a number of benefits. Proper selection of coatings lowers the resistance to axial movement of the guidewire within the catheter. Similarly, the coatings may be used to lower the resistance of the guidewire within the catheter as it is turned or torqued. Slippery coatings on the guidewire lessen the chance that the catheter will kink as it is moved axially along the guidewire.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,129,890 to Bates, et. al was mentioned in passing above.
  • This patent describes a guidewire having a shaped-memory material.
  • the guidewire's central core has an elongated coil attached distally.
  • a thin polymer sleeve, preferably of polyurethane, is positioned adjacent the core wire.
  • the polymer sleeve provides a base for a hydrophilic polymer coating which is placed on the outer periphery of the underlying polymer sleeve.
  • An alternate embodiment of the guidewire is a one in which the proximal portion of the inner polymer sleeve is not coated with a hydrophilic covering.
  • Engelson teaches a guidewire having a distal section which allows greater purchase with the vessel walls through which it is placed; that is to say the distal portion is a higher friction portion of the guidewire than is the portion just proximal of the higher friction section.
  • the somewhat more proximal section is covered with a material which renders that section more lubricious.
  • Suitable coating materials include TEFLON, polyurethane, or materials which form the support for hydrophilic polymers.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,213,111 shows a composite guidewire made up of a thin stainless steel wire radially surrounded by a shape-memory alloy, such as a nickel-titanium alloy.
  • the guidewire assembly is said to be coated with a polymer layer and 70%-80% of the distal-most portion of the wire can be coated with a hydrophilic polymer to increase lubricity.
  • U.S. Patent No.5,228,453 to Sepetka shows a guidewire made up of a flexible, torqueable proximal wire section, a more flexible intermediate section with a flexible polymeric tube covering, and a most flexible distal end section.
  • a helical ribbon coil is wrapped about the intermediate core segment between the wire core and the polymer tube covering to increase radio-opacity and to improve torque transmission while retaining flexibility.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,259,393 to Corso, Jr. et. al describes a guidewire having controlled radio-capacity at the guidewire's distal tip.
  • a single spring mounted on the guidewire has a tightly coiled region and a second more loosely coiled and less radio-opaque region.
  • the loosely coiled region may be coated with a polymer to avoid roughness due to the presence of the coil.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,333,620 to Moutafis, et. al describes a guidewire having a metal wire core and a high performance plastic sleeve extruded over that core.
  • a high performance plastic is said to be one which has a flexural modulus of at least 150 ksi and an elongation (at yield) of at least two percent (2%).
  • the preferred high performance plastic is a polysulfone.
  • Suitable high performance plastics are said to include polyimide, polyetheretherketone (PEEK), polyaryleneketone, polyphenylene sulfide, polyarylene sulfide, polyamideimide, polyetherimide, polyimidesulfone, polyarylsulfone, polyarylethersulfone, and certain polyesters.
  • the coextruded compliant jacket is then said to be completely coated with lubricious material which preferably is hydrophilic.
  • the preferred lubricious materials include complexes of polyurethane and polyvinylpyrrolidone.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,372,144 to Mortier, et. al describes a guidewire having a sleeve element exterior to a guidewire core.
  • the sleeve element apparently is a polymeric material of high elasticity and low flexural modulus such as polyurethane.
  • U.S. Patent No. 5,452,726 to Burmeister, et. al describes a guidewire having a more proximal section and a more distal section.
  • a plastic jacket encloses both of those sections.
  • the core wire is made of a metal such as stainless steel or nitinol.
  • the proximal portion of the jacket may be made of PTFE.
  • the distal portion of the jacket may be made of polyurethane. In one embodiment the distal portion of the jacket is provided with a hydrophilic coating to make its surface highly lubricious.
  • a guidewire suitable for guiding a catheter within a body lumen comprising an elongated, flexible stainless steel alloy wire core having a more proximal section and a more distal section wherein the more proximal section is stiffer than the more distal section and has an outer proximal covering placed coaxially about and directly upon said wire core and said outer proximal covering is of a material selected from the group consisting of fluorocarbon polymers, polyarylenes, and polysulfones and wherein the more distal section has an outer distal covering axially adjacent said outer proximal covering, said outer distal covering comprising a tie layer adjacent the wire core, said tie layer comprising a material selected from a member of the group selected from the group consisting of polyamides, polyethylene, polystyrene, polyurethane and polyesters, said outer distal covering further comprising a hydrophilic polymeric composition exterior to said tie layer.
  • the stainless steel alloy wire core may be tapered at various locations along its length.
  • a distally placed radioopaque coil may be attached to the most distal portion of the guidewire.
  • a guidewire in accordance with the present invention results in a guidewire which is highly manoeuvrable because of its distal response to proximal input, yet which may be introduced into a soft organ such as the brain or liver nearly to the extent that a much more compliant nitinol guidewire could be.
  • Figure 1 illustrates a stainless steel guidewire having a generally constant diameter and multiple coatings along its length.
  • the guidewire (100) has a more proximal region (102) having a permanent, spray-applied coating (103) of a fluorocarbon polymer, e.g., a polytetrafluoroethylene such as a Teflon, or other thin tough lubricious polymer such as polyarylenes or polysulfones applied directly onto the core wire (104) and a more-distal region (106) adjacent to the more-proximal region (102).
  • the more-distal region (106) has a composite covering made up of an outer hydrophilic covering (108) and an inner tie layer (110).
  • the most distal section of the guidewire (100) comprises a radio-opaque coil (112) which surrounds at least a portion of the core wire (104).
  • the radio-opaque coil (112) lends a measure of directabliity and shapeability to the guidewire assembly (100) in addition to providing an easily viewable terminus to the guidewire (100) when viewed with the aid of a fluoroscope.
  • the radio-opaque coil (112) may be used with a ribbon which variously may help with formation of the tip during the surgical procedure and with protection from the eventuality of the coil (112) separating from the tip.
  • the guidewire (100) typically has a total length typically between about 50 and 300 centimeters.
  • the proximal section (102) preferably has a uniform outer diameter (along its length) of about 0.010 to 0.025 inches, preferably 0.010 to 0.018 inches.
  • the relatively more flexible distal section (106) extends for 3 to 45 centimeters or more of the distal end of the guidewire (100).
  • One or more of the more distal section (106) and the more proximal (102) section may contain portions which are progressively smaller in diameter than the more proximal sections.
  • the junctions may be a step (typically not desired) or a taper such as is shown in the Figures at, e.g., at (116) and (118).
  • the progression from larger diameter to smaller diameter in the core wire (104) may be via one or more long tapered sections.
  • the fine wire coil (112) may be radiopaque and made from materials including but not limited to platinum and its alloys.
  • the core wire (104) should have a diameter in its proximal section of between 9 and 18 mils generally between the proximal end (120) and the beginning of the first taper or joint (116).
  • the material making up the core wire (104) may be 303, 304, 304V, or 316 stainless steel.
  • the overall thickness of the coating (103) on this section (102) should be no greater than about 1.0 mil and preferably is between 0.1 mils and 0.5 mils.
  • the coating (103) on the more proximal portion (102) is adjacent the coatings (108) and (110) on the more distal section (106).
  • the material of the more proximal coating (103) is different than the materials in the coating layers (108) and (110).
  • the most desirable way on providing a polytetrafluoroethylene coating of minimal thickness on the inventive guidewire is by spray coating.
  • Application of other protective polymers, such as the noted parylene coatings, may be by other methodology.
  • parylene polymers e.g., polyxyxylene
  • polyxyxylene polyxyxylene
  • parylene N coatings are produced by vaporization of a di(P-xylylene) dimer, pyrollization, and condensation of the vapor to produce a polymer that is maintained at a comparatively lower temperature.
  • parylene-N parylene-N
  • parylene-C is derived from di(monochloro-P-xylylene)
  • parylene-D is derived from di(dichloro-P-xylylene).
  • parylene-C is derived from di(monochloro-P-xylylene)
  • parylene-D is derived from di(dichloro-P-xylylene).
  • the guidewire core (104) is covered in the more distal section (106) with hydrophilic polymers including those made from monomers such as ethylene oxide and its higher homologs; 2-vinyl pyridine; N-vinylpyrrolidone; polyethylene glycol acrylates such as mono-alkoxy polyethylene glycol mono(meth) acrylates, including mono-methoxy triethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, mono-methoxy tetraethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate, polyethylene glycol mono (meth) acrylate; other hydrophilic acrylates such as 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate, glycerylmethacrylate; acrylic acid and its salts; acrylamide and acrylonitrile; acrylamidomethylpropane sulfonic acid and its salts cellulose, cellulose derivatives such as methyl cellulose ethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, cyanoethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, polys
  • These monomers may be formed into homopolymers or block or random copolymers.
  • the use of oligomers of these monomers in coating the guidewire for further polymerization is also an alternative.
  • Preferred precursors include ethylene oxide; 2-vinyl pyridine; N-vinylpyrrolidone and acrylic acid and its salts; acrylamide and acrylonitrile polymerized (with or without substantial crosslinking) into homopolymers, or into random or block copolymers.
  • hydrophobic monomers may be included in the coating polymeric material in an amount up to about 30% by weight of the resulting copolymer so long as the hydrophilic nature of the resulting copolymer is not substantially compromised.
  • Suitable monomers include ethylene, propylene, styrene, styrene derivatives, alkylmethacrylates, vinylchloride, vinylidenechloride, methacrylonitrile, and vinyl acetate.
  • the polymeric coating may be cross-linked using various techniques, e.g., by light such as ultraviolet light, heat, or ionizing radiation, or by peroxides or azo compounds such as acetyl peroxide, cumyl peroxide, propionyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, or the like.
  • a polyfunctional monomer such as divinylbenzene, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol di- (or tri- or tetra-) methacrylate, diethylene glycol, or polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and similar multifunctional monomers capable of linking the monomers and polymers discussed above.
  • Polymers or oligomers applied using the procedure described below are activated or functionalized with photoactive or radiation-active groups to permit reaction of the polymers or oligomers with the underlying polymeric surface, the "tie layer", when such tie layer is used.
  • the tie layer (110) is found beneath the hydrophilic layer (108).
  • Suitable activation groups include benzophenone, thioxanthone, and the like; acetophenone and its derivatives specified as: where
  • the polymeric hydrophilic coating (108) may then be linked with the substrate using known and appropriate techniques selected on the basis of the chosen activators, e.g., by ultraviolet light, heat, or ionizing radiation.
  • Crosslinking with the listed polymers or oligomers may be accomplished by use of peroxides or azo compounds such as acetyl peroxide, cumyl peroxide, propionyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, or the like.
  • a polyfunctional monomer such as divinylbenzene, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol di- (or tri- or tetra-) methacrylate, diethylene glycol, or polyethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and similar multifunctional monomers capable of linking the polymers and oligomers discussed above is also appropriate for this invention.
  • the polymeric hydrophilic coating (108) may be applied to the guidewire by any of a variety of methods, e.g., by spraying a solution or suspension of the polymers or of oligomers of the monomers onto the guidewire core or by dipping it into the solution or suspension. Initiators may be included in the solution or applied in a separate step.
  • the guidewire may be sequentially or simultaneously dried to remove solvent after application of the polymer or oligomer to the guidewire and crosslinked.
  • the solution or suspension should be very dilute since only a very thin layer of polymer is to be applied.
  • the amount of oligomer or polymer in such a solvent should be between 0.25% and 5.0% (wt), preferably is 0.5 to 2.0% (wt). Such a mixture is excellent for thin and complete coverage of the resulting polymer.
  • Preferred solvents for this procedure when using the preferred polymers and procedure are water, low molecular weight alcohols, and ethers, especially methanol, propanol, isopropanol, ethanol, and their mixtures.
  • water miscible solvents e.g., tetrahydrofuran, methylene dichloride, methylethylketone, dimethylacetate, ethyl acetate, etc.
  • tetrahydrofuran methylene dichloride
  • methylethylketone dimethylacetate
  • ethyl acetate etc.
  • an outer hydrophilic coating (108) for the guidewire core (104) discussed herein are physical mixtures of homo-oligomers of at least one of polyethylene oxide; poly 2-vinyl pyridine; polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylamide, and polyacrylonitrile.
  • the catheter bodies or substrates are preferably sprayed or dipped, dried, and irradiated to produce a polymerized and crosslinked polymeric skin of the noted oligomers.
  • the lubricious hydrophilic coating (108) is preferably produced using generally simultaneous solvent removal and crosslinking operations.
  • the coating is applied at a rate allowing "sheeting" of the solution, e.g., formation of a visibly smooth layer without "runs".
  • the optimum coating rates are found at a linear removal rate between 0.25 and 2.0 inches/sec, preferably 0.5 and 1.0 inches/sec.
  • the solvent evaporation operations may be conducted using a heating chamber suitable for maintaining the surface at a temperature between 250C and the glass transition temperature (T g ) of the underlying tie layer or layers.
  • Preferred temperatures are 500C to 1250C.
  • Most preferred for the noted and preferred solvent systems is the range of 750 to 1100C.
  • Ultraviolet light sources may be used to crosslink the polymer precursors onto the substrate tie layer. Movement through an irradiation chamber having an ultraviolet light source at 90-375nm (preferably 300-350nm) having an irradiation density of 50-300 mW/cm 2 (preferably 150-250 mW/cm 2 ) for a period of three to seven seconds is desired. Passage of a guidewire core through the chamber at a rate of 0.25 to 2.0 inches/second (0.5 to 1.0 inches/second) in a chamber having three to nine inches length is suitable. When using ionizing radiation, a radiation density of 1 to 100 kRads/cm 2 (preferably 20 to 50 kRads/cm 2 ) may be applied to the solution or suspension on the polymeric substrate.
  • Exceptional durability of the resulting coating is produced by repetition of the dipping/solvent removal/irradiation steps up to five times. Preferred are two to four repetitions.
  • a tie layer (110) is shown in Figure 1.
  • a tie layer acts as a coating between the outer polymeric surface (108) and the guidewire core (104) to enhance the overall adhesion of that outer polymeric surface (108) to the core.
  • the tie layer materials must be able to tolerate the various other solvents, cleaners, sterilization procedures, etc. to which the guidewire and its components are placed during other production steps.
  • tie layer material is determined through their functionality. Specifically, the materials are chosen for their affinity or tenacity to the outer polymeric lubricious or hydrophilic coating. Clearly, the tie layer material must be flexible and strong. The material may be extrudable and perhaps formable into shrinkable tubing for mounting onto the guidewire through heating. The material may be placed onto the core wire using an exterior temporary heat shrink wrap tubing which is then removed. We have found that various polyamides (e.g., NYLON's), polyethylene, polystyrene, polyurethane, and polyesters, e.g., preferably polyethylene terephthalate (PET) make excellent tie layers. These tubing materials may be also formulated to include radio-opaque materials such as barium sulfate, bismuth trioxide, bismuth carbonate, tungsten, tantalum or the like.
  • radio-opaque materials such as barium sulfate, bismuth trioxide, bismuth carbonate, tungsten, tanta
  • a tie layer is by heat-shrinking the tubing onto the guidewire core (104).
  • the guidewire core (104) is simply inserted into a tubing of suitable size -- often with a small amount of a "caulking" at either end to seal the tubing from incursion of fluids or unsterile materials from beneath the tubing.
  • the tubing is cut to length and heated until it is sufficiently small in size.
  • the resulting tubing tie layer desirably is between about 0.25 and 1.5 mils in thickness.
  • the thinner layers in the range are typically produced from polyurethane or PET.
  • the layer of lubricious polymer (110) is then placed on the outer surface of the shrunk tubing.
  • a coating of heparin, albumin or other proteins may deposited over the hydrophilic coating in a manner known in the art to provide additional biocompatibility features both in the Figure 1 and Figure 2 variations.

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  • Non-Insulated Conductors (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Fil de guidage (100) approprié pour guider un cathéter à l'intérieur d'un canal anatomique, comprenant un noyau en fil allongé, en alliage d'acier inoxydable souple (104) ayant une section plus proximale (102) et une section plus distale (106), la section plus proximale étant plus rigide que la section plus distale et ayant un revêtement proximal extérieur (103) placé de manière coaxiale autour et directement sur ledit noyau en fil et ledit revêtement proximal extérieur étant en un matériau choisi parmi le groupe consistant en polymères fluorocarbonés, polyarylènes et polysulfones, et dans lequel la section plus distale a un revêtement distal extérieur (108, 110) axialement adjacent audit revêtement proximal extérieur, ledit revêtement distal extérieur comprenant une couche de jonction (110) adjacente audit noyau en fil (104), ladite couche de jonction comprenant un matériau choisi à partir d'un élément du groupe choisi parmi le groupe consistant en polyamides, polyéthylène, polystyrène, polyuréthane et polyesters, ledit revêtement distal extérieur comprenant en outre une composition polymère hydrophile (108) extérieure à ladite couche de jonction.
  2. Fil de guidage selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la section plus distale (106) et la section plus proximale (102) ont le même diamètre extérieur.
  3. Fil de guidage selon la revendication 1 ou la revendication 2, dans lequel la couche de jonction (110) est choisie parmi le téréphthalate de polyéthylène et le polyuréthane.
  4. Fil de guidage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la couche de jonction (110) est un tube rétreint à chaud.
  5. Fil de guidage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel la couche de jonction (110) est fondue sur le fil central.
  6. Fil de guidage selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 3, dans lequel la couche de jonction (110) est déposée par plasma.
  7. Fil de guidage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la couche de jonction (110) comprend en outre un matériau radio-opaque.
  8. Fil de guidage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant en outre une couche de jonction disposée entre le revêtement proximal extérieur (103) et le noyau en fil en alliage d'acier inoxydable (104).
  9. Fil de guidage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le fil central (104) est en un matériau choisi à partir du groupe consistant en aciers inoxydables 303, 304, 304V et 316.
  10. Fil de guidage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la composition polymère hydrophile (108) comprend des polymères produits à partir de monomères choisis parmi les oxyde d'éthylène, 2-vinyle pyridine, N-vinylpyrrolidine, acrylates de glycol de polyéthylène tels que des mono(méth)acrylates de mono-alcoxy polyéthylène glycol, y compris le mono(méth)acrylate de mono-méthoxy triéthylène glycol, le mono(méth)acrylate de mono-méthoxy tétraéthylène glycol, le mono(méth)acrylate de polyéthylène glycol, d'autres acrylates hydrophiles tels que le méthacrylate de 2-hydroxyéthyle, le méthacrylate de glycéryle, l'acide acrylique et ses sels, l'acrylamide et l'acrylonétrile, l'acide d'acrylamidométhylpropane sulfonique et ses sels, la cellulose, les dérivés de la cellulose tels que la méthylcellulose, l'éthylcellulose, la carboxyméthylcellulose, la cyanoéthylcellulose, l'acétate de cellulose, les polysaccharides tels que l'amylose, la pectine, l'amylopectine, l'acide alginique et l'héparine réticulée.
  11. Fil de guidage selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, comprenant en plus une gaine de cathéter.
EP96307157A 1995-09-29 1996-09-30 Fil de guidage en acier inoxydable ayant un revêtement multicouche Expired - Lifetime EP0769306B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US535806 1995-09-29
US08/535,806 US5722424A (en) 1995-09-29 1995-09-29 Multi-coating stainless steel guidewire

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0769306A2 EP0769306A2 (fr) 1997-04-23
EP0769306A3 EP0769306A3 (fr) 1997-12-29
EP0769306B1 true EP0769306B1 (fr) 2003-05-28

Family

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP96307157A Expired - Lifetime EP0769306B1 (fr) 1995-09-29 1996-09-30 Fil de guidage en acier inoxydable ayant un revêtement multicouche

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (2) US5722424A (fr)
EP (1) EP0769306B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH09173462A (fr)
KR (1) KR970014729A (fr)
AT (1) ATE241404T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU692721B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2186901C (fr)
DE (1) DE69628388T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2200038T3 (fr)
NO (1) NO964096L (fr)

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CN101332331B (zh) * 2007-06-15 2013-08-14 奥林巴斯医疗株式会社 医疗用器具

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69628388D1 (de) 2003-07-03
KR970014729A (ko) 1997-04-28
AU6794396A (en) 1997-04-10
US5722424A (en) 1998-03-03
DE69628388T2 (de) 2004-03-04
CA2186901C (fr) 2000-04-18
ES2200038T3 (es) 2004-03-01
NO964096D0 (no) 1996-09-27
JPH09173462A (ja) 1997-07-08
NO964096L (no) 1997-04-01
CA2186901A1 (fr) 1997-03-30
EP0769306A2 (fr) 1997-04-23
ATE241404T1 (de) 2003-06-15
US5984878A (en) 1999-11-16
AU692721B2 (en) 1998-06-11
EP0769306A3 (fr) 1997-12-29

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