EP0764182A1 - Compositions polymeres de propylene, procedes, et articles obtenus - Google Patents

Compositions polymeres de propylene, procedes, et articles obtenus

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Publication number
EP0764182A1
EP0764182A1 EP95922245A EP95922245A EP0764182A1 EP 0764182 A1 EP0764182 A1 EP 0764182A1 EP 95922245 A EP95922245 A EP 95922245A EP 95922245 A EP95922245 A EP 95922245A EP 0764182 A1 EP0764182 A1 EP 0764182A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
propylene
weight
polymer composition
elongation
propylene polymer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95922245A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Bruce Kaduk
Keith Dawes
George Pieslak
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Raychem Corp
Original Assignee
Raychem Corp
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Raychem Corp filed Critical Raychem Corp
Publication of EP0764182A1 publication Critical patent/EP0764182A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J3/00—Processes of treating or compounding macromolecular substances
    • C08J3/28—Treatment by wave energy or particle radiation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
    • C08L23/12—Polypropene
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C61/00—Shaping by liberation of internal stresses; Making preforms having internal stresses; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C61/003—Shaping by liberation of internal stresses; Making preforms having internal stresses; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C71/00—After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C71/04—After-treatment of articles without altering their shape; Apparatus therefor by wave energy or particle radiation, e.g. for curing or vulcanising preformed articles
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
    • C08L23/14—Copolymers of propene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L53/00—Compositions of block copolymers containing at least one sequence of a polymer obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0805—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation
    • B29C2035/085—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using electromagnetic radiation using gamma-ray
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
    • B29C35/08—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation
    • B29C35/0866—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using particle radiation
    • B29C2035/0877—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould by wave energy or particle radiation using particle radiation using electron radiation, e.g. beta-rays
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2023/00—Use of polyalkenes or derivatives thereof as moulding material
    • B29K2023/10—Polymers of propylene
    • B29K2023/12—PP, i.e. polypropylene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/08—Stabilised against heat, light or radiation or oxydation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/06—Polyethene
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/16—Elastomeric ethene-propene or ethene-propene-diene copolymers, e.g. EPR and EPDM rubbers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2312/00—Crosslinking
    • C08L2312/06—Crosslinking by radiation

Definitions

  • This invention relates to propylene polymer compositions, methods of crosslinking them, and articles made from compositions so crosslinked.
  • Propylene homopolymer is preferred over ethylene homopolymer for many applications because of the higher flexural modulus associated with its higher crystalline melting point.
  • propylene homopolymer has one disadvantage — while the properties of ethylene homopolymer can be improved by crosslinking, it generally is not possible to do so with propylene homopolymer.
  • Common treatments such as peroxide or radiation (gamma or electron beam) are ineffective in the presence of oxygen because degradation and molecular weight reduction are the preferred reaction pathway for the free radicals generated. Better results are obtained by processing in a nitrogen atmosphere, but such processing is often impractical.
  • Crosslinked polymers can be made into dimensionally recoverable articles such as fiber, film, tubing, molded parts, and wrap-around sheets.
  • a dimensionally recoverable article is one whose dimensional configuration may be made to change substantially when subjected to a treatment. Usually these articles recover towards an original shape from which they have previously been deformed, but the term "recoverable” as used herein also includes an article which adopts a new configuration, even if not previously deformed.
  • a typical form of dimensionally recoverable article is a heat recoverable article, whose dimensional configuration may be changed by subjecting the article to heat treatment.
  • heat recoverable articles comprise a shrinkable sleeve made from a polymeric material, such as polyethylene or poly(vinylidene fluoride).
  • the polymeric material may be cross ⁇ linked at any stage in the production of the article that will enhance the desired dimensional recoverability.
  • One manner of producing a heat-recoverable article comprises shaping the polymeric material into the desired heat-stable form, subsequently cross-linking the polymeric material, heating the article to a temperature above the crystalline melting point or, for amorphous materials the softening point, as the case may be, of the polymer, deforming the article, and cooling the article whilst in the deformed state so that the deformed state of the article is retained. Since the deformed state of the article is heat unstable, application of heat will cause the article to assume or try to assume its original heat-stable shape.
  • a crosslinked propy ⁇ lene polymer composition which has high hot modulus and elongation and is suitable for making dimensionally recoverable articles therefrom, the method comprising the steps of:
  • a propylene polymer composition having crystalline propylene blocks and comprising (i) 10 to 60 parts by weight of a first component which is (A) a propylene homopolymer having an isotactic index of at least 80 or (B) a crystalline propylene-ethylene copolymer having a propylene content of at least 85 weight %, based on the weight of the copolymer, and an isotactic index of at least 85 and (ii) 5 to 90 parts by weight of second component which is a copolymer of ethylene and propylene having an ethylene content of 15 to 70 weight %, based on the weight of the second component; and
  • the propylene polymer composition may further comprise 5 to 40 parts by weight of a third component which is a polymer containing ethylene repeat units and is insoluble in xylene at 25 °C.
  • composition of matter which has high hot modulus and elongation and is suitable for making dimensionally recoverable articles therefrom, the composition comprising
  • composition of matter (b) an effective amount of a radiation crosslinking promoter; which composition of matter has been crosslinked by exposure to high energy radiation and, after crosslinking, has a hot modulus of at least 5 psi at 200 °C and an elongation of at least 150 %.
  • the composition of matter further comprises an effective amount of an antioxidant and retains at least one-half of the elongation after crosslinking, upon heat aging at 130 °C (preferably 150 °C) for 1 week.
  • a dimensionally recoverable article made from the crosslinked composition of matter described above.
  • a combination comprising (a) a propylene polymer composition as described above and (b) a radiation crosslinking promoter in an amount effective to cause the propylene polymer composition to crosslink upon exposure to high energy radiation and to have, after such crosslinking, a hot modulus of at least 5 psi at 200 °C and an elongation of at least 150 %.
  • Fujii et al., US 4,454,306 (1984) discloses that certain propylenic block copolymers can be crosslinked by peroxide.
  • the amount of crosslinking from peroxide treatment is small and the resulting hot modulus is zero or very low.
  • the elongation and tensile strength are also unsatis ⁇ factory for making heat recoverable articles.
  • radiation cross ⁇ linking is much more effective. Such a result is most unexpected, as the prior art has hitherto viewed peroxide and radiation as functionally equivalent techniques.
  • the propylene polymer compositions of our invention have crystalline propylene blocks and comprise (i) 10 to 60 parts by weight of a first component which is (A) a propylene homopolymer having an isotactic index of at least 80 or (B) a crystalline propylene-ethylene copolymer having a propylene content of at least 85 weight %, based on the weight of the copolymer, and an isotactic index of at least 85 and (ii) 5 to 90 parts by weight of second component which is a copolymer of ethylene and propylene having an ethylene content of 15 to 70 weight %, based on the weight of the second component.
  • the second component preferably is soluble in xylene at 25 °C.
  • the propylene polymer composition is substantially free of carbon-carbon unsaturation, such as would be introduced by a diene comonomer.
  • Propylene polymer compositions of this invention preferably are characterized by a crystalline melting point indicative of polyethylene blocks (115 to 125 °C) and a crystalline melting point indicative of polypropylene blocks (155 to 165 °C), with the latter showing a larger exotherm.
  • the propylene polymer composition may further comprise 5 to 40 parts by weight of a third component which is a polymer containing ethylene repeat units and is insoluble in xylene at 25 °C.
  • Suitable propylene polymer compositions may be made by the techniques disclosed in Ceccin et al., US Patents Nos. 5,302,454 (1994); 5,298,561 (1994); and 5,077,327 (1991); Simonazzi et al., "An Outlook On Progress In Propylene-Based Polymer Tech ⁇ nology," Prog. Polym. Set, Vol. 16, pp. 303-329 (1991); Galli et al., “Advances In Ziegler- Natta Polymerization — Unique Polyolefin Copolymers, Alloys, And Blends Made Directly In The Reactor," Makromol. Chem. Macromol. Symp., Vol. 63, pp.
  • the hot modulus or M 100 is a measurement of the tensile strength of a polymer at 100 % elongation and a specified temperature (normally above the crystalline melting point or T m of the polymer). A sample is deemed to have failed, or have a zero M 100 value, if it breaks before it attains 100 % elongation.
  • M 100 measurements are made at 200 °C.
  • Crosslinked polymer compositions of this invention preferably have an M 100 of at least 5, more preferably at least 25, and most preferably at least 50 psi. Preferably, the M 100 is no greater than 200 psi. Dimensionally recoverable articles made from high M 100 polymer are desirable because such articles recover faster and with higher recovery forces and are less susceptible to amnesia.
  • crosslinked propylene polymer compositions of this invention is at least 150 %, preferably at least 250 %. Preferably, the elongation is no greater than 2,000 %. Accordingly, crosslinked propylene polymer compositions according to this invention have a hot modulus of at least 5 psi at 200 °C and an elongation of at least 150 %. Further the tensile strength preferably is at least 1,500 psi, more preferably at least 2,500 psi. Preferably, the tensile strength is no greater than 10,000 psi. Thus, in a preferred subcombination, such compositions also have a tensile strength of at least 1,500 psi.
  • the high energy radiation for crosslinking can be in the form of accelerated electrons from an electron beam or gamma rays from a radioactive source (e.g., cobalt-60). Irradiation is generally carried out at about room temperature, but higher temperatures can also be used.
  • the dosage employed depends upon the extent of crosslinking desired, balanced against the tendency of the polymer composition to be degraded by too high doses of radiation. Suitable dosages generally are in the range of 2 to 40 Mrads.
  • the efficiency of radiation crosslinking may be increased by adding an effective amount of a radiation crosslinking promoter (or prorad) to the propylene polymer com ⁇ position, forming an intimate mixture or blend.
  • a radiation crosslinking promoter or prorad
  • prorads are compounds having at least two ethylenic double bonds, present as allyl, methallyl, propargyl, acrylyl, or vinyl groups.
  • prorads examples include triallyl cyanurate (TAC), triallyl isocyanurate (TAIC), triallyl trimellitate, triallyl trimesate, tetraallyl pyromellitate, the diallyl ester of l,l,3-trimethyl-5-carboxy-3-(p-carboxyphenyl)indane, diallyl adipate, diallyl phthalate (DAP), diallyl isophthalate, diallyl terephthalate, 1,4-butylene glycol dimethacrylate, trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTM), pentaerythritol trimethacrylate, glycerol propoxy trimethacrylate, liquid poly(l,2-butadiene), tri-(2-acryloxyethyl)isocyanurate, and tri-(2-methacryloxyethyl)isocyanurate, and the like, and combinations thereof.
  • TAC triallyl cyanurate
  • crosslinking agents are TAIC, TAC, and TMPTM.
  • Other crosslinking agents which can be used are disclosed in US Pat. 3,763,222; 3,840,619; 3,894,118; 3,911,192; 3,970,770; 3,985,716; 3,995,091; 4,031,167; 4,155,823; and 4,353,961, the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. Mixtures of crosslinking promoters can be used.
  • the radiation crosslinking promoter is used in an amount of between 0.1 % and 10 %, more preferably between 1 % and 5 %, per cent by weight based on the weight of the propylene polymer composition.
  • an effective amount of an antioxidant may be added to the propylene polymer com ⁇ position to increase its thermal stability, forming an intimate mixture or blend therewith.
  • Suitable antioxidants include alkylated phenols, e.g. those commercially available as Good- rite 3125TM, Irganox B225TM Irganox 1010TM (pentaerythrityl tetrakis-3-(3,5-di- ert-butyl- 4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate, Irganox 1035TM, Irganox 1076TM (octadecyl 3-(3,5-di-/ert- butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate), Irganox 3114TM (l,3,5-tris-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4- hydroxybenzyl)isocyanurate), Topanol CATM (l,l,3-tris-(5-tert-butyl-4-hydroxy-2-
  • dilauryl phosphite and Mark 1178TM alkylidene polyphenols, e.g. Ethanox 330TM (l,3,5-tris-(3,5-di-ter -butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)mesitylene); thio-bis alkylated phenols, e.g. Santonox RTM (4,4'-thiobis-(3-methyl-6-.ert-butylphenol) and polymerized derivatives thereof; dilauryl thio-dipropionate, e.g. Carstab DLTDPTM; dimyristyl thio- dipropionate, e.g.
  • alkylidene polyphenols e.g. Ethanox 330TM (l,3,5-tris-(3,5-di-ter -butyl-4-hydroxybenzyl)mesitylene
  • thio-bis alkylated phenols e.g. Santonox RTM (4,4'-thi
  • DMTDP distearyl thiodipropionate
  • amines e.g. Wingstay 29, and the like.
  • Combinations of antioxidants can be used.
  • the antioxidant is used in an amount of between 0.1 % and 5 %, more preferably between 0.2 % and 2 %, per cent by weight based on the weight of the propylene polymer composition.
  • Especially preferred antioxidant packages include the following combina ⁇ tions (1-2 wt % of each ingredient): (a) Irganox 1010 and DSTDP, (b) oligomerized 4,4'- thiobis(2-(l,l-dimethylethyl)-5-methylphenol) and DSTDP, (c) Irganox 1010 and thiodipropionate polyester (e.g., Poly TDP 2000 from Eastman Chemical Products), and (d) oligomerized 4,4'-thiobis(2-(l,l-dimethylethyl)-5-methylphenol) and Poly TDP 2000; especially packages (a) and (c).
  • UV stabilizers such as [2,2'-thio-bis(4-t-octyl- phenolato)] n-butylamine nickel, Cyasorb UV 1084, 3,5-di-t-butyl-p-hydroxybenzoic acid, UV Chek AM-240; flame retardants, both halogenated (such as decabromodiphenyl ether, perchloropentacyclodecane, and l,2-bis(tetrabromophthalimido)ethylene) and unhalogenated (such as alumina trihydrate, magnesium hydroxide, and magnesium carbonate); and pigments such as titanium dioxide and carbon black.
  • halogenated such as decabromodiphenyl ether, perchloropentacyclodecane, and l,2-bis(tetrabromophthalimido)ethylene
  • unhalogenated such as alumina trihydrate, magnesium hydroxide, and magnesium carbonate
  • pigments such as titanium dioxide and carbon black.
  • the prorad, antioxidant, and other additives may be combined with the propylene polymer composition by any of various blending techniques conventional in the art, such a milling, extrusion, Brabender mixing, and the like.
  • propylene polymer compositions of our invention can be used alone or in combination with one or more other polymers, such as ethylene polymers (preferably ethylene-propylene copolymers), linear medium and low density polyethylene, EPDM rubber or high density polyethylene.
  • ethylene polymers preferably ethylene-propylene copolymers
  • linear medium and low density polyethylene preferably EPDM rubber
  • EPDM rubber preferably EPDM rubber
  • the original dimensionally stable form may be a transient form in a continuous process in which, for example an extruded tube is expanded while hot (e.g. by application of an internal air pressure or an external vacuum) to a dimensionally unstable form but in other applications, a preformed dimensionally stable article is deformed to a dimensionally unstable form in a separate stage.
  • a tubular article may be heated in a bath of a hot fluid and deformed by insertion of a mandrel into the hot tubular article. After deformation, the deformed article is cooled to a lower temperature at which the deformed shape is stable. Recovery during the cooling step is prevented by applying a constraint such as air pressure or mechanical means (e.g., the mandrel); after cooling to the lower temperature, the constraint may be removed.
  • a constraint such as air pressure or mechanical means (e.g., the mandrel); after cooling to the lower temperature, the constraint may be removed.
  • the crosslinked propylene polymer compositions of this invention find utility as wire insulation, tape, film, fibers, tubing, and molded parts. They are also useful as coatings for crude oil transmission pipelines, which require serviceability at temperatures approaching 140 °C and chemical resistance.
  • the coatings may be applied as a heat-shrinkable coating.
  • test specimen was measured for width and thickness before analysis using a micrometer.
  • Each test specimen was preheated in the chamber for 3 min, then stretched to 100 % elongation. The tension at 100 % elongation was recorded and divided by the specimen's initial cross sectional area to give the M 100 value in lb/in 2 (psi).
  • ASTM D638-91 To measure tensile strength and elongation, the procedure of ASTM D638-91 was generally followed and is summarized as follows: the Instron tester was set up with a 50 kg Tension Load Cell. The jaw separation was 50.8 mm (2 in). The crosshead speed was 100 mm/min with the variable speed control set at 50.8 % to give a 2.0 in/min speed. The extension return limit was set at 950 mm. Test specimens were cut from slabs 0.020 to 0.030 in thick using a dumbbell shaped D die per ASTM specifications with a reduced section dimension of 0.125 in. The Instron tester was calibrated with a 1,000 g weight before the start of each testing period and periodically during the test periods.
  • test specimen was measured for width and thickness before analysis using a micrometer.
  • Two bench marks were marked on each specimen with a 1.0 inch (254 mm) separation, centered on the reduced section, in order to measure elongation.
  • the specimens were stretched until break at a crosshead speed of 2 in/min.
  • the elongation between the bench marks was measured with a hand-held ruler.
  • the tension at break was recorded and divided by the specimen's initial cross-sectional area to give the tensile strength in lb/in 2 (psi).
  • elongation means the elongation at break, also referred to as the ultimate elongation.
  • tensile strength means the tensile strength at break, also referred to as the ultimate tensile strength.
  • Specimen A contained 4 % TAIC, 2 % Irganox 1010, and 1 % DSTDP.
  • Specimen B contained 4 % TAIC, 1 % Irganox 1010, and 2 % TDP 2000.
  • Specimen C contained 4 % TAIC.
  • Specimen D contained 1.23 % Perkadox 14-40B-PD and 0.05 % dibenzothiazole disulfide.
  • Specimen E contained 10.00 % Nisso Polybutadiene B-3000, 1.23 % Perkadox 14-40B-PD, and 0.05 % dibenzothiazole disulfide.
  • Specimen F contained 0.50 % Irganox 1010, 0.50 % TAIC, and 0.50 % 2,5-dimethyl-2,5- di(t-butylperoxy)hexyne-3 (Lupersol 130, Pennwalt).
  • Specimen G contained 0.50 % Irganox 1010, 0.50 % TAIC, and 0.50 % Lupersol 130.
  • Specimen H contained 4 % TAIC, 2 % Irganox 1010, and 1 % DSTDP.
  • Specimen I contained 4 % TAIC, 1 % Irganox 1010, and 2 % TDP 2000.
  • Specimen J contained 4 % TAIC and 0.2 % Irganox B 225; Quantum TR 134 was a pre- commercialization version of Quantum TP 1300 HC.
  • Specimen K contained 1.23 % Perkadox 14-40B-PD and 0.05 % dibenzothiazole disulfide.
  • Each polymer formulation contained the following additive package: 4 parts by weight
  • TAIC 1 part by weight Irganox 1010, and 2 parts by weight TDP 2000.
  • a high density polyethylene is A high density polyethylene.
  • Himont KS 02 IP is believed to have isotactic propylene blocks with a T m of 161 °C and largely amorphous ethylene blocks which nevertheless have a measurable crystallinity content (less than 5 %) and a T m of 119 °C.
  • the overall crystallinity is about 25 %.
  • T m 's of the ethylene and propylene blocks correspond closely to those of the respective homopolymers.
  • Profax PD 199 is a propylene homopolymer, with a T m of 163 °C by DSC.
  • Profax SV 256M is an propylene-ethylene random copolymer.
  • Quantum TR 134 is a heterophasic propylene-ethylene copolymer.
  • Profax 199 and SV 256M are comparative samples not according to this invention.
  • TABLE VI provides results obtained upon gamma-irradiation in a nitrogen atmosphere. The results show that, of the four polymers, the Himont KS 02 IP and the Quantum TR 134 consistently showed the desired combination of M 10 o and elongation needed for making heat recoverable articles.
  • Irganox B225 Tetrachlorobenzene. Triallylisocyanurate (TAIC). Trimethylolpropane trimethacrylate (TMPTM).
  • TABLE VII provides the results obtained upon irradiation with an electron beam in a nitrogen atmosphere.
  • the data pattern is the same as with gamma, with the Quantum and Himont materials being consistently superior.
  • TABLE VIII provides the results obtained upon irradiation with an electron beam in air, which is simpler and therefore more desirable from a process point of view.
  • the oxygen may intercept free radicals created by the radiation, interfering with the crosslinking process. Therefore, irradiation in air is a more demanding test of the crosslinkability of a polymer.
  • the results in TABLE VIII follow the pattern of TABLES VI and VII. TABLE VIII
  • the thermal stability of an irradiated propylene polymer is poor because of the occurrence of radiation-induced degradative processes in competition with radiation- induced crosslinking.
  • samples were hung in an 130 °C air circulating oven for one week. If a sample degraded to such an extent that it fell off the hanger (i.e., was unable to sustain its own weight) or tensile and elongation measurements could not be made, it was deemed to have failed the test.
  • an aged crosslinked propylene polymer composition according to this invention still has an elongation of at least 100, more preferably at least 200 % and a tensile strength of at least 900, more preferably at least 1,500 psi.
  • TABLE X provides heat aging results for propylene ethylene block copolymers containing either additive package A or B. Very substantial retentions of the pre-aging elongation and tensile strengths are obtained. It is noted that additive package B, which contains an antioxidant, is more effective, as might be expected. However, the effectiveness of the antioxidant at such a low concentration level is noteworthy.
  • Hifax 12E from Himont was pressed into square plaques (6 x 6 in, 15.24 x 15.24 cm) about 40 mils (ca. 1 mm) thick at 200 °C and irradiated in air in an 1 Mev electron beam.
  • some other propylene polymers or copolymers outside of the scope of this invention were similarly treated. The results are provided in Table XI.
  • This example demonstrates the preparation of heat recoverable tape (which also can be made into a wrap-around sleeve) using the compositions of this invention.
  • Himont KS 021P propylene copolymer containing 4 wt % TAIC and 1.5 wt % oligomerized 4,4'- thiobis(2-(l,l-dimethylethyl)-5-methylphenol) was extruded into tape (9 inches wide x 0.04 inch thick). This tape was irradiated with 30 Mrad in an electron beam to produce tape with an M 10 o of 31 psi at 200 °C.
  • the irradiated tape was expanded by 18% in a tape expander and then allowed to recover dimensionally by heating in a 200 °C oven for 15 min.
  • the properties of the recovered tape were: tensile strength at break (23 °C), 2,090 psi; elongation at break (23 °C), 490 %; M 100 , 31 psi. After heat aging at 150 °C for one week, the tensile strength was 1,140 psi and the elongation was less than 50 %.
  • the tape was also made into a wrap-around sleeve product which was shrunk onto a 2 inch diameter pipe by heating with a propane torch.
  • This examples demonstrates the preparation of dimensionally recoverable tubing using a polymer composition of this invention.
  • a formulation consisting of 94.8 wt % Himont KS 02 IP propylene copolymer, 1.0 wt % tetrachlorobenzene, 0.2 wt % Irganox B225, and 4 wt % TAIC was compounded on a twin screw extruder. The compound was extruded into 3/32 inch tubing. The tubing was electron-beam irradiated and then expanded three times its initial diameter to give expanded tubing with a diameter of 9/32 inch. The expanded tubing was recovered in an oven at 200 °C for 3 minutes. The recovered tubing had the following properties (TABLE XIII):
  • passages which are chiefly or exclusively concerned with particular parts or aspects of the invention. It is to be understood that this is for clarity and convenience, that a particular feature may be relevant in more than just the passage in which it is disclosed, and that the disclosure herein in ⁇ cludes all the appropriate combinations of information found in the different passages.
  • various passages may relate to specific embodiments of the inven- tion, it is to be understood that where a specific feature is disclosed in the context of a par ⁇ ticular embodiment, such feature can also be used, to the extent appropriate, in the context of another embodiment, in combination with another feature, or in the invention in general.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
  • Processes Of Treating Macromolecular Substances (AREA)
  • Treatments Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)

Abstract

On a découvert cetaines compositions polymères de propylène qui peuvent être efficacement réticulées par rayonnement. Les compositions réticulées possèdent des caractéristiques notablement améliorées et peuvent être transformées en articles thermorétractables.
EP95922245A 1994-06-10 1995-06-05 Compositions polymeres de propylene, procedes, et articles obtenus Withdrawn EP0764182A1 (fr)

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US25817094A 1994-06-10 1994-06-10
US258170 1994-06-10
US28124594A 1994-07-27 1994-07-27
US281245 1994-07-27
PCT/US1995/007227 WO1995034597A1 (fr) 1994-06-10 1995-06-05 Compositions polymeres de propylene, procedes, et articles obtenus

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KR (1) KR970704006A (fr)
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CN101675100B (zh) * 2007-05-08 2012-10-10 三井化学株式会社 丙烯类树脂组合物的交联体和该交联体的制造方法、以及由该交联体形成的交联成型体

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DE19621465A1 (de) * 1996-05-29 1997-12-04 Danubia Petrochem Deutschland Verwendung von Polypropylenen zur Verbesserung der Stabilität gegenüber ionisierender Strahlung
US6184265B1 (en) 1999-07-29 2001-02-06 Depuy Orthopaedics, Inc. Low temperature pressure stabilization of implant component
CA2323307A1 (fr) 2000-10-16 2002-04-16 Peter Jackson Compositions de polypropylene thermoretrecissables reticulees
ES2296810T3 (es) * 2000-10-16 2008-05-01 Shawcor Ltd. Composiciones de propileno entrecruzadas y termorretractiles.
JP5145619B2 (ja) * 2001-06-15 2013-02-20 住友電気工業株式会社 絶縁電線、および、その製造方法
US7112367B2 (en) 2002-10-31 2006-09-26 Denki Kagaku Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Tape for tying electric wire
US7456231B2 (en) 2005-02-02 2008-11-25 Shawcor Ltd. Radiation-crosslinked polyolefin compositions
US20080057313A1 (en) * 2006-09-01 2008-03-06 Sirarpi Bicakci-Jenkins Thermoset Cross-Linked Polymeric Compositions And Method Of Manufacture
KR20100007966A (ko) * 2007-05-08 2010-01-22 미쓰이 가가쿠 가부시키가이샤 프로필렌계 중합체의 가교체
JP5577630B2 (ja) * 2009-06-11 2014-08-27 東洋紡株式会社 架橋熱可塑性樹脂組成物
CN106496370B (zh) * 2016-11-04 2019-01-15 广东天安新材料股份有限公司 一种交联剂及其制备方法和应用

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EP0242874A3 (fr) * 1986-04-24 1988-09-21 The B.F. Goodrich Company Composés élastomériques en une seule phase, modifiables dans leur forme
JPH01184119A (ja) * 1988-01-18 1989-07-21 Furukawa Electric Co Ltd:The 熱収縮性物品

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101675100B (zh) * 2007-05-08 2012-10-10 三井化学株式会社 丙烯类树脂组合物的交联体和该交联体的制造方法、以及由该交联体形成的交联成型体

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KR970704006A (ko) 1997-08-09
MX9606248A (es) 1998-06-28
WO1995034597A1 (fr) 1995-12-21
JPH10501297A (ja) 1998-02-03

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