EP0750733A1 - Firearm with cartridge feed device located between a cartridge chamber and a magazine - Google Patents

Firearm with cartridge feed device located between a cartridge chamber and a magazine

Info

Publication number
EP0750733A1
EP0750733A1 EP96900965A EP96900965A EP0750733A1 EP 0750733 A1 EP0750733 A1 EP 0750733A1 EP 96900965 A EP96900965 A EP 96900965A EP 96900965 A EP96900965 A EP 96900965A EP 0750733 A1 EP0750733 A1 EP 0750733A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cartridge
magazine
barrel
transition
transition component
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP96900965A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0750733B1 (en
Inventor
Rudolf Brandl
Heinz Matt
Thomas Romer
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Heckler und Koch GmbH
Original Assignee
Heckler und Koch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Heckler und Koch GmbH filed Critical Heckler und Koch GmbH
Publication of EP0750733A1 publication Critical patent/EP0750733A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0750733B1 publication Critical patent/EP0750733B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
    • F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
    • F41A9/54—Cartridge guides, stops or positioners, e.g. for cartridge extraction
    • F41A9/55—Fixed or movable guiding means, mounted on, or near, the cartridge chamber

Definitions

  • the invention relates to means for transporting ammunition in a multi-load weapon. It thus affects all firearms which automatically remove cartridges from a supply and feed them to a barrel.
  • Cartridge belts or magazines serve as stocks. They can be designed as fixed or replaceable components of a weapon. Fixed stocks are found, for example, in repeating rifles, but exchangeable stocks, on the other hand, in rapid-fire rifles, submachine guns, machine guns or the like.
  • the cartridges are transferred individually from the supply into a barrel or into a cartridge chamber formed on the barrel. For this purpose, they are initially in a so-called transfer position in the store. From there, they are pushed or pulled, for example, by a breech over a transition into the cartridge chamber.
  • the number of transfer positions is determined by the type of storage. If the cartridges are arranged in a row in the storage, a transfer position will generally suffice. If, on the other hand, the cartridges are arranged in two or more rows, two or more transfer positions can make sense.
  • An important example of this are double-row magazines. Here one is faced with the choice of letting both rows converge into one, so that one transfer position would suffice, or to choose a construction with two transfer positions. (The latter construction has the advantage over the first that more patrons can be stored in the same space.)
  • the transfer position (s) are generally not immediately behind the barrel or the cartridge chamber. Instead, they are often arranged below the cartridge chamber or laterally offset from it. (Such lateral displacements are absolutely necessary if several transfer positions lying next to each other are provided.) As a rule, a cartridge must therefore cover a construction-related intermediate distance between a transfer position and the barrel or the cartridge chamber.
  • the intermediate routes are at least partially bridged by a corresponding number of transitions.
  • Known multi-loading weapons are cutouts on the barrel mount, on the barrel or generally on solid parts of the weapon. They also serve to guide the cartridge on the respective path. This is expedient because a cartridge is always fixed in some way in a transfer position with known supplies. The closure can therefore only attack the part of the cartridge. However, this alone would not be sufficient for precise guidance. However, this is very important in order to avoid jamming and the resulting inhibition of charging.
  • the production of such transitions proves to be problematic in practice. On the one hand, they should correspond as precisely as possible to the desired dimensions in order to ensure safe and vibration-resistant guidance. On the other hand, they are usually at least partially in places that are difficult to access, so that there is little space for processing. The desired precision is therefore generally not achieved. As compensation or alternatively, complex guide plates are used on the magazine, for example.
  • the invention is intended to improve such transitions.
  • a multi-load weapon with at least one cartridge supply, a barrel and a transition which at least partially cover the distance or routes between the cartridge supply and the barrel or a cartridge chamber formed on the barrel bridged.
  • cartridges are transported in a known manner from the supply into the barrel or into the cartridge chamber, the transition or the transitions serving to guide the cartridge.
  • This transition or transitions is / are formed in the subject of the invention as or in at least one separate component.
  • a separate component can be provided for each transition. However, all transitions can also be combined in one component. Any suitable materials can be used for the production. Plastic is preferred.
  • the transition component can be milled from solid material or can be designed as a forged part and re-milled. But it can also be designed as a cast part. In principle, every surface accuracy and quality and every transition form can be achieved. It is thus possible to freely choose the most economical and best manufacturing process.
  • the invention considerably facilitates the series production of multi-loading weapons with individual cuts. For example, one and the same basic model can easily be designed for different calibers or stocks. For this purpose, only suitable combinations of barrel, transition component and stocking have to be put together. The remaining components of the weapon, however, are no longer affected. This also enables a particularly economical organization of the production processes.
  • the transition component is designed as a die-cast, metal powder injection molding, investment casting or sintered part made of metal or as a plastic part (claim 2). In this way, reworking of the transition component is essentially superfluous. This also applies if individual areas or the entire component are complex. The production of the transition component is therefore particularly economical.
  • the transition component is interchangeably mounted (claim 3).
  • the transition component is interchangeably mounted (claim 3).
  • disadvantages such as an unsuitable transition form or a sale between transition and stockpiling.
  • inhibitions of loading of converted weapons can be effectively avoided.
  • the weapons to be delivered as a conversion kit. This ultimately allows the customer to set up the weapon for the type of cartridge that best suits their particular needs. It is possible, for example, to switch a machine gun either to the 9 mm Parabellu cartridge or the .45 ACP cartridge or to cartridges with special projectile shapes (stump projectiles). All you have to do is a suitable barrel, a magazine, a lock and a transition component can be put together in a suitable manner.
  • this embodiment makes it possible to replace only this component if the transition is damaged. In such cases, it was previously necessary to retire the barrel or even the entire weapon. The economic viability of multi-load weapons is thus considerably increased.
  • the transition component is in positive engagement with the barrel (claim 4).
  • the positive engagement is preferably designed as a tongue-and-groove system (claim 5). This enables a particularly simple attachment of the transition component in the weapon, since only the barrel has to be fixed. If you choose a different type of positive engagement for each combination of barrel and transition component, confusion can also be avoided. This can be very advantageous, particularly when it comes to the issue of weapons that can be converted to conscripts.
  • the cartridge storage is designed as a magazine, which is inserted into a receiving space.
  • the transition component sits with its underside on the top of the front wall of the magazine.
  • the rear end of the transition component is essentially flush with the inner surface of the front wall of the magazine (claim 6).
  • Unevenness, damage or the like on the guide plate of the magazine can therefore no longer have a negative effect on the transport of the cartridges.
  • the requirements for careful manufacture and handling of the magazine can thus be reduced without impairing the quality of the weapon.
  • cartridges of different lengths or projectile shapes this is very advantageous.
  • comparatively thick walls must be formed in the magazine of the respectively shorter cartridges in order to adapt the magazine to the receiving opening. Damage such as dents would particularly severely impair the guidance of the cartridge here.
  • the transition component is not wider than the receiving space.
  • a recess accessible through this space is provided for the transition component.
  • the transition component is inserted into the recess when installing or changing through the receiving space (claim 7). This has the advantage that the transition component can be replaced particularly easily.
  • Fig.l is a partial longitudinal section through a submachine gun according to the invention, which is set up for the cartridge 9 mm parabellum;
  • FIG. 2 shows a partial longitudinal section through the submachine gun from FIG. 1, which is set up for the .45 ACP cartridge (automatic);
  • FIG. 3 shows a view of the transition component from FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 4 shows a view of the transition component from FIG. 2.
  • the submachine gun has a housing 1 in the usual way, in which a barrel 3 is interchangeably attached and held by a union nut. This is suitable for the 9 mm parabellum cartridge.
  • the longitudinal axis of the barrel bore is 5 designated.
  • the rear end of the bore is designed as a cartridge chamber 7.
  • the barrel has on its outside a flange projecting like a flange, which is designed as a crosspiece 9 on its underside.
  • a magazine shaft 11 is formed in the housing 1, which extends approximately perpendicular to the core axis 5 and whose central axis (not shown) intersects with the core axis 5.
  • a magazine 15 which has a front wall 13 made of relatively thick sheet metal or other material, two side walls and a rear wall. The upper ends of the side walls are elongated and designed as two opposing magazine lips 19 (only one shown).
  • the cartridges tracked upwards by a feeder by the action of a magazine spring are arranged in two adjacent rows which are offset from one another (so-called zigzag order).
  • the uppermost cartridge 17 is held in its position by the magazine lip 19 assigned to it and is in the transfer position which is assigned to its row. If the breech (no reference numeral) now moves forward along the core axis 5, this cartridge 17 is grasped at its bottom and inserted into the cartridge chamber 7.
  • a transition component 25 is arranged. In the example, this is designed as a feed ramp.
  • a guide surface 23 is formed on the feed ramp 25. During the loading process, the cartridge tip of the top cartridge 17 runs onto this surface. Then the cartridge 17 is inserted into the cartridge chamber 7. The circumference of this cartridge 17 also runs over the guide surface 23. This is so inclined that she or her imaginary extension strikes the underside of the rear inner peripheral edge of the cartridge chamber 7.
  • the feed ramp 25 has a transverse groove 21, into which the transverse web 9 engages at the rear outer peripheral end of the barrel 3. If the barrel 3 is mounted in the housing 1 so that it is fixed in the longitudinal direction, then it also holds the feed ramp 25 in place.
  • the feed ramp 25 is seated in a receptacle which is formed in the housing 1.
  • the feed ramp 25 could also be permanently attached. For example, it would be possible to inject them into the housing for this purpose.
  • the rear end of the feed ramp 25 protrudes into the magazine shaft 11 by a distance which corresponds approximately to the wall thickness of the front wall 13 of the magazine 15. It therefore ends at or shortly before the inner surface of the front wall 13.
  • the bolt When the weapon is converted to a different caliber, the bolt is first removed. Then, after loosening the union nut, the barrel 3 can be pushed backwards together with the feed ramp 25 out of the housing 1 until the latter is in the magazine shaft 11. By rotating the barrel 3, the feed ramp 25 is released from it. It can then be removed from the housing 1. Installation is the reverse order. It is also possible to remove the feed ramp 25 together with the barrel 3 from the housing 1 and then to unhook the feed ramp 25 from the barrel 3.
  • the feed ramp 25 is shown as a single part.
  • the complicated shape of the guide surface 23 can be seen particularly well here. This has two transitions in the form of guide grooves, each of which is directed from one of the two transfer positions (in addition to a magazine lip 19) against the lower edge of the cartridge chamber 7. is. Since the guide surfaces 23 would thus intersect in front of the cartridge bearing 7, they only bridge the intermediate section up to this cutting line.
  • Fig. 2 the same housing is shown as in Fig.l. However, a barrel 3 'for the .45 ACP (.45 Automatic) cartridge, a matching magazine 15' and an associated feed ramp 25 'are installed therein.
  • the .45 ACP cartridge is longer and thicker than the 9 mm Parabellum cartridge.
  • the magazine 15 'must have the same cross-sectional dimensions as the magazine 15. The wall thicknesses are therefore smaller.
  • the feed ramp 25 ' accordingly protrudes less far into the magazine shaft 11. Otherwise, the description of FIG. 1 applies accordingly.
  • the feed ramp 25 ' is shown as an individual part.
  • the guide surface 23 ' is lower than the guide surface 23 of the feed ramp 15, since the diameter of the cartridge chamber 7' is larger than that of the cartridge chamber 7.
  • the guide grooves are also adapted to the larger diameter.
  • the crossbar 9; and the transverse groove 21 ' is configured differently from the transverse web 9 and transverse groove 21, in order to avoid that the feed ramp belonging to one caliber cannot be accidentally hooked into a barrel belonging to another caliber.

Abstract

PCT No. PCT/EP96/00183 Sec. 371 Date Nov. 14, 1996 Sec. 102(e) Date Nov. 14, 1996 PCT Filed Jan. 17, 1996 PCT Pub. No. WO96/22500 PCT Pub. Date Jul. 25, 1996An ammunition transport for use in a repeating weapon includes a transition component that presents a pair of converging sloped surfaces so that cartridges provided in a side-by-side fashion from a cartridge magazine may be transferred to a cartridge chamber of the weapon.

Description

FEUERWAFFE MIT ZWISCHEN EINEM PATRONENLAGER UND EINEM MAGAZIN ANGEORDNETER PATRONENZUFÜHRVORRICHTUNG. FIREARMS WITH A CARTRIDGE WAREHOUSE AND A MAGAZINE ARRANGED CARTRIDGE FEEDER.
Die Erfindung befaßt sich mit Mitteln zum Munitionstrans- port in einer Mehrladewaffe. Sie betrifft somit alle Schu߬ waffen, welche selbsttätig aus einer Bevorratung Patronen entnehmen und diese einem Lauf zuführen.The invention relates to means for transporting ammunition in a multi-load weapon. It thus affects all firearms which automatically remove cartridges from a supply and feed them to a barrel.
Als Bevorratungen dienen beispielsweise Patronengurte oder Magazine. Sie können als feste oder als auswechselbare Bestandteile einer Waffe ausgebildet sein. Feste Bevorra¬ tungen findet man beispielsweise bei Repetiergewehren, auswechselbare Bevorratungen hingegen bei Schnellfeuerge¬ wehren, Maschinenpistolen, Maschinengewehren oder derglei¬ chen.Cartridge belts or magazines serve as stocks. They can be designed as fixed or replaceable components of a weapon. Fixed stocks are found, for example, in repeating rifles, but exchangeable stocks, on the other hand, in rapid-fire rifles, submachine guns, machine guns or the like.
Beim Ladevorgang werden die Patronen einzeln von der Bevor- ratung in einen Lauf bzw. in ein am Lauf ausgebildetes Patronenlager überführt. Zu diesem Zweck befinden sie sich zunächst in einer sogenannten Übergabeposition in der Be¬ vorratung. Von dort werden sie beispielsweise von einem Verschluß über einen Übergang in das Patronenlager σescho- ben oder gezogen. Die Anzahl der Übergabepositionen ist dabei durch die Bau¬ art der Bevorratung bedingt. Wenn die Patronen in der Be¬ vorratung in einer Reihe angeordnet sind, wird in der Regel eine Übergabeposition ausreichen. Wenn die Patronen hin- gegen in zwei oder mehr Reihen angeordnet sind, können zwei oder mehr Übergabepositionen sinnvoll sein. Ein wichtiges Beispiel hierfür sind doppelreihige Magazine. Hier steht man vor der Wahl beide Reihen zu einer zusammenlaufen zu¬ lassen, so daß eine Übergabeposition ausreichen würde, oder eine Konstruktion mit zwei Übergabepositionen zu wählen. (Die letztgenannte Konstruktion hat dabei gegenüber der ersten den Vorteil, daß sich auf gleichem Raum mehr Patro¬ nen bevorraten lassen.)During the loading process, the cartridges are transferred individually from the supply into a barrel or into a cartridge chamber formed on the barrel. For this purpose, they are initially in a so-called transfer position in the store. From there, they are pushed or pulled, for example, by a breech over a transition into the cartridge chamber. The number of transfer positions is determined by the type of storage. If the cartridges are arranged in a row in the storage, a transfer position will generally suffice. If, on the other hand, the cartridges are arranged in two or more rows, two or more transfer positions can make sense. An important example of this are double-row magazines. Here one is faced with the choice of letting both rows converge into one, so that one transfer position would suffice, or to choose a construction with two transfer positions. (The latter construction has the advantage over the first that more patrons can be stored in the same space.)
Die Übergabeposition(en) befinden sich im allgemeinen nicht unmittelbar hinter dem Lauf bzw. dem Patronenlager. Statt¬ dessen sind sie häufig unterhalb vom Patronenlager oder dazu seitlich versetzt angeordnet. (Solche seitlichen Ver¬ setzungen sind zwingend notwendig, wenn mehrere nebenein- anderliegende Übergabepositionen vorgesehen sind.) In aller Regel muß daher eine Patrone zwischen einer Übergabeposi¬ tion und dem Lauf bzw. dem Patronenlager eine konstruk¬ tionsbedingte Zwischenstrecke zurücklegen.The transfer position (s) are generally not immediately behind the barrel or the cartridge chamber. Instead, they are often arranged below the cartridge chamber or laterally offset from it. (Such lateral displacements are absolutely necessary if several transfer positions lying next to each other are provided.) As a rule, a cartridge must therefore cover a construction-related intermediate distance between a transfer position and the barrel or the cartridge chamber.
Die Zwischenstrecken werden von einer entsprechenden Anzahl von Übergängen zumindest teilweise überbrückt. Hierbei handelt es sich bei bekannten Mehrladewaffen um Ausfräsun- gen an der Laufaufnähme, am Lauf oder allgemein an festen Bestandteilen der Waffe. Sie dienen auch zur Führung der Patrone auf dem jeweiligen Weg. Das ist zweckmäßig, weil eine Patrone in einer Übergabeposition bei bekannten Bevor¬ ratungen immer in irgendeiner Weise fixiert ist. Der Ver¬ schluß kann daher die Patrone lediglich an einem Teilbe¬ reich angreifen. Dies allein würde für eine exakte Führung jedoch nicht ausreichen. Eine solche ist aber sehr wichtig, um Verklemmungen und daraus resultierende Ladehemmungen zu vermeiden. Die Herstellung solcher Übergänge erweist sich in der Pra¬ xis allerdings als problematisch. Einerseits sollten sie den gewünschten Abmessungen möglichst genau entsprechen, um eine sichere und gegen Erschütterungen unempfindliche Füh- rung zu gewährleisten. Andererseits befinden sie sich für gewöhnlich zumindest teilweise an schwer zugänglichen Stel¬ len, so daß nur wenig Raum für die Bearbeitung vorhanden ist. Die gewünschte Präzision wird daher im allgemeinen nicht erreicht. Als Ausgleich oder alternativ werden bei- spielsweise aufwendige Leitbleche am Magazin verwendet.The intermediate routes are at least partially bridged by a corresponding number of transitions. Known multi-loading weapons are cutouts on the barrel mount, on the barrel or generally on solid parts of the weapon. They also serve to guide the cartridge on the respective path. This is expedient because a cartridge is always fixed in some way in a transfer position with known supplies. The closure can therefore only attack the part of the cartridge. However, this alone would not be sufficient for precise guidance. However, this is very important in order to avoid jamming and the resulting inhibition of charging. However, the production of such transitions proves to be problematic in practice. On the one hand, they should correspond as precisely as possible to the desired dimensions in order to ensure safe and vibration-resistant guidance. On the other hand, they are usually at least partially in places that are difficult to access, so that there is little space for processing. The desired precision is therefore generally not achieved. As compensation or alternatively, complex guide plates are used on the magazine, for example.
Die Erfindung soll solche Übergänge verbessern.The invention is intended to improve such transitions.
Sie erreicht dieses Ziel mit dem Gegenstand des Anspruch 1, also mit einer Mehrladewaffe mit wenigstens einer Patronen¬ bevorratung, einem Lauf und einem Übergang, welcher die Strecke bzw. die Strecken zwischen der Patronenbevorratung und dem Lauf bzw. einem am Lauf ausgebildetem Patronenlager zumindest teilweise überbrückt. Beim Ladevorgang werden dabei Patronen in bekannter Weise aus der Bevorratung in den Lauf bzw. in das Patronenlager transportiert, wobei der Übergang bzw. die Übergänge der Patronenführung dienen. Diese(r) Übergang bzw. Übergänge ist/sind beim Erfindungs¬ gegenstand als oder in wenigstens ein(e ) gesondertes/n Bauteil ausgebildet.It achieves this goal with the subject matter of claim 1, that is to say with a multi-load weapon with at least one cartridge supply, a barrel and a transition which at least partially cover the distance or routes between the cartridge supply and the barrel or a cartridge chamber formed on the barrel bridged. During the loading process, cartridges are transported in a known manner from the supply into the barrel or into the cartridge chamber, the transition or the transitions serving to guide the cartridge. This transition or transitions is / are formed in the subject of the invention as or in at least one separate component.
Dabei kann für jeden Übergang ein eigenes Bauteil vorgese¬ hen sein. Es können aber auch alle Übergänge in einem Bau¬ teil zusammengefaßt werden. Zur Herstellung können beliebi- ge geeignete Materialien verwendet werden. Kunststoff ist bevorzugt. Beispielsweise kann das Übergangsbauteil aus dem Vollen gefräst oder als Schmiedeteil ausgebildet und nach¬ gefräst werden. Es kann aber auch als Gußteil ausgebildet sein. Prinzipiell ist dabei jede Oberflächengenauigkeit und -gute und jede Übergangsform erreichbar. Es ist somit mög¬ lich, das jeweils wirtschaftlichste und beste Herstellungs¬ verfahren frei zu wählen. Daruberhinaus erleichtert die Erfindung die Serienfertigung von Mehrladewaffen mit individuellem Zuschnitt beträcht¬ lich. Beispielsweise kann ein und dasselbe Grundmodell leicht für unterschiedliche Kaliber oder Bevorratungen ausgelegt werden. Zu diesem Zweck müssen lediglich passende Kombinationen von Lauf, Übergangsbauteil und Bevorratung zusammengestellt werden. Die übrigen Bauteile der Waffe sind hingegen nicht mehr betroffen. Dies ermöglicht auch eine besonders wirtschaftliche Organisation der Produk- tionsabläufe.A separate component can be provided for each transition. However, all transitions can also be combined in one component. Any suitable materials can be used for the production. Plastic is preferred. For example, the transition component can be milled from solid material or can be designed as a forged part and re-milled. But it can also be designed as a cast part. In principle, every surface accuracy and quality and every transition form can be achieved. It is thus possible to freely choose the most economical and best manufacturing process. In addition, the invention considerably facilitates the series production of multi-loading weapons with individual cuts. For example, one and the same basic model can easily be designed for different calibers or stocks. For this purpose, only suitable combinations of barrel, transition component and stocking have to be put together. The remaining components of the weapon, however, are no longer affected. This also enables a particularly economical organization of the production processes.
In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das Übergangsbau¬ teil als Druckguß-, Metallpulverspritzguß-, Feinguß- oder Sinterteil aus Metall oder als Kunststoffteil ausgebildet (Anspruch 2) . Auf diese Weise werden Nachbearbeitungen des Übergangsbauteils im wesentlichen überflüssig. Dies gilt auch dann, wenn einzelne Bereiche oder das ganze Bauteil kompliziert ausgebildet sind. Die Herstellung des Über¬ gangsbauteils wird somit besonders wirtschaftlich.In a preferred embodiment, the transition component is designed as a die-cast, metal powder injection molding, investment casting or sintered part made of metal or as a plastic part (claim 2). In this way, reworking of the transition component is essentially superfluous. This also applies if individual areas or the entire component are complex. The production of the transition component is therefore particularly economical.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das Über¬ gangsbauteil auswechselbar montiert (Anspruch 3) . Auf diese Weise wird es möglich, Mehrladewaffen auch nachträglich noch zu ändern, ohne Nachteile, wie eine ungeeignete Über- gangsform oder einen Absatz zwischen Übergang und Bevor¬ ratung in Kauf nehmen zu müssen. Somit können Ladehemmungen bei umgebauten Waffen effektiv vermieden werden. Dies ist insbesondere bei Überproduktionen einzelner Ausführungs¬ formen oder nachträglichen Änderungswünschen des Kunden von großem Vorteil. Es ermöglicht aber auch die Auslieferung der Waffen als Umbausatz. Damit kann sich letztlich der Kunde selbst die Waffe für die Patronensorte einrichten, welche seinen jeweiligen Erfordernissen am besten gerecht wird. So ist es beispielsweise möglich, eine Maschinenpi- stole wahlweise auf die Patrone 9 mm Parabellu oder die Patrone .45 ACP oder auf Patronen mit besonderen Gescho߬ formen (Stumpfgeschosse) umzustellen. Dazu müssen lediglich jeweils ein geeigneter Lauf, ein Magazin, ein Verschluß und ein Übergangsbauteil passend zusammengestellt werden.In a further preferred embodiment, the transition component is interchangeably mounted (claim 3). In this way, it becomes possible to change multi-load weapons even afterwards without having to accept disadvantages such as an unsuitable transition form or a sale between transition and stockpiling. In this way, inhibitions of loading of converted weapons can be effectively avoided. This is of great advantage particularly in the case of overproduction of individual embodiments or subsequent changes requested by the customer. But it also allows the weapons to be delivered as a conversion kit. This ultimately allows the customer to set up the weapon for the type of cartridge that best suits their particular needs. It is possible, for example, to switch a machine gun either to the 9 mm Parabellu cartridge or the .45 ACP cartridge or to cartridges with special projectile shapes (stump projectiles). All you have to do is a suitable barrel, a magazine, a lock and a transition component can be put together in a suitable manner.
Schließlich ermöglicht es diese Ausführungsform, bei Be¬ schädigungen des Übergangs lediglich dieses Bauteil auszu¬ wechseln. Bisher war es in solchen Fällen notwendig, den Lauf oder gar die ganze Waffe auszumustern. Die Wirtschaft¬ lichkeit von Mehrladewaffen wird somit beträchtlich ver¬ größert.Finally, this embodiment makes it possible to replace only this component if the transition is damaged. In such cases, it was previously necessary to retire the barrel or even the entire weapon. The economic viability of multi-load weapons is thus considerably increased.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform steht das Übergangsbauteil in formschlüssigem Eingriff mit dem Lauf (Anspruch 4) . Vorzugsweise ist dabei der formschlüssige Eingriff als ein Nut-und-Feder-System ausgebildet (Anspruch 5) . Dies ermöglicht eine besonders einfache Befestigung des Übergangsbauteils in der Waffe, da nur noch der Lauf fi¬ xiert werden muß. Wählt man für jede Kombination von Lauf und Übergangsbauteil einen andersartigen formschlüssigen Eingriff, so können außerdem Verwechslungen vermieden wer- den. Insbesondere bei der Ausgabe umbaufähiger Waffen an Wehrpflichtige kann das sehr vorteilhaft sein.In a further preferred embodiment, the transition component is in positive engagement with the barrel (claim 4). The positive engagement is preferably designed as a tongue-and-groove system (claim 5). This enables a particularly simple attachment of the transition component in the weapon, since only the barrel has to be fixed. If you choose a different type of positive engagement for each combination of barrel and transition component, confusion can also be avoided. This can be very advantageous, particularly when it comes to the issue of weapons that can be converted to conscripts.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist die Pa¬ tronenbevorratung als ein Magazin ausgebildet, welches in einen Aufnahmeraum eingefügt wird. Das Übergangsbauteil sitzt mit seiner Unterseite auf der Oberseite der vorderen Wand des Magazins auf. Das hintere Ende des Übergangsbau¬ teils schließt dabei an die Innenoberfläche der vorderen Wand des Magazins im wesentlichen bündig an (Anspruch 6) . Auf diese Weise reicht der Übergang so nah wie möglich an die Übergabeposition heran. Unebenheiten, Beschädigungen oder ähnliches am Leitblech des Magazins können sich daher nicht mehr negativ auf den Transport der Patronen auswir¬ ken. Die Anforderungen an eine sorgfältige Herstellung und Behandlung des Magazins können somit verringert werden, ohne die Qualität der Waffe zu beeinträchtigen. Insbesonde¬ re wenn Patronen unterschiedlicher Länge oder Geschoßform verwendet werden sollen, ist dies sehr vorteilhaft. Häufig müssen nämlich im Magazin der jeweils kürzeren Patronen vergleichsweise dicke Wände ausgebildet sein, um das Maga¬ zin an die Aufnahmeöffnung anzupassen. Beschädigungen wie etwa Einbeulungen würden die Führung der Patrone hier be¬ sonders stark beeinträchtigen.In a further preferred embodiment, the cartridge storage is designed as a magazine, which is inserted into a receiving space. The transition component sits with its underside on the top of the front wall of the magazine. The rear end of the transition component is essentially flush with the inner surface of the front wall of the magazine (claim 6). In this way, the transition comes as close as possible to the transfer position. Unevenness, damage or the like on the guide plate of the magazine can therefore no longer have a negative effect on the transport of the cartridges. The requirements for careful manufacture and handling of the magazine can thus be reduced without impairing the quality of the weapon. Especially when cartridges of different lengths or projectile shapes this is very advantageous. Often, comparatively thick walls must be formed in the magazine of the respectively shorter cartridges in order to adapt the magazine to the receiving opening. Damage such as dents would particularly severely impair the guidance of the cartridge here.
In einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist das Über¬ gangsbauteil nicht breiter als der Aufnahmeraum. Eine durch diesen Raum zugängliche Aussparung ist für das Übergangs¬ bauteil vorgesehen. Das Übergangsbauteil wird dabei beim Einbau oder Wechsel durch den Aufnahmeraum in die Ausspa¬ rung eingeschoben Anspruch 7) . Dies hat den Vorteil, daß das Übergangsbauteil besonders leicht ausgewechselt werden kann.In a further preferred embodiment, the transition component is not wider than the receiving space. A recess accessible through this space is provided for the transition component. The transition component is inserted into the recess when installing or changing through the receiving space (claim 7). This has the advantage that the transition component can be replaced particularly easily.
Die Erfindung wird anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen und der beigefügten Zeichnung noch näher erläutert. In der Zeich¬ nung ist:The invention is explained in more detail with reference to exemplary embodiments and the accompanying drawing. In the drawing:
Fig.l ein Teil-Längsschnitt durch eine erfindungsgemäße Maschinenpistole, welche für die Patrone 9 mm Parabellum eingerichtet ist;Fig.l is a partial longitudinal section through a submachine gun according to the invention, which is set up for the cartridge 9 mm parabellum;
Fig.2 ein Teil-Längsschnitt durch die Maschinenpistole aus Fig.l, welche für die Patrone .45 ACP (Auto¬ matic) eingerichtet ist;2 shows a partial longitudinal section through the submachine gun from FIG. 1, which is set up for the .45 ACP cartridge (automatic);
Fig.3 eine Ansicht des Übergangsbauteils aus Fig.l; und3 shows a view of the transition component from FIG. 1; and
Fig.4 eine Ansicht des Übergangsbauteils aus Fig.2.4 shows a view of the transition component from FIG. 2.
In Fig.l weist die Maschinenpistole in üblicher Weise ein Gehäuse 1 auf, in welchem ein Lauf 3 austauschbar ange- bracht und mittels einer Überwurf utter gehalten ist. Die¬ ser ist für die Patrone 9 mm Parabellum geeignet. Die Längsachse der Laufbohrung wird dabei als Seelenachse 5 bezeichnet. Das hintere Ende der Bohrung ist als Patronen¬ lager 7 ausgebildet. Am hinteren Ende weist der Lauf an seiner Außenseite einen flanschartig überstehenden Bund auf, welcher an seiner Unterseite als Quersteg 9 ausgebil- det ist.In FIG. 1, the submachine gun has a housing 1 in the usual way, in which a barrel 3 is interchangeably attached and held by a union nut. This is suitable for the 9 mm parabellum cartridge. The longitudinal axis of the barrel bore is 5 designated. The rear end of the bore is designed as a cartridge chamber 7. At the rear end, the barrel has on its outside a flange projecting like a flange, which is designed as a crosspiece 9 on its underside.
Im Gehäuse 1 ist ein Magazinschacht 11 ausgebildet, welcher sich etwa senkrecht zur Seelenachse 5 erstreckt und dessen Mittelachse (nicht eingezeichnet) sich mit der Seelenachse 5 schneidet. Im Magazinschacht 11 sitzt ein Magazin 15, welches eine Vorderwand 13 aus verhältnismäßig dicken Blech oder sonstigen Material, zwei Seitenwände und eine Rückwand aufweist. Die oberen Enden der Seitenwände sind verlängert und als zwei einander gegenüberliegende Magazinlippen 19 ausgebildet (nur eine dargestellt) .A magazine shaft 11 is formed in the housing 1, which extends approximately perpendicular to the core axis 5 and whose central axis (not shown) intersects with the core axis 5. In the magazine shaft 11 there is a magazine 15 which has a front wall 13 made of relatively thick sheet metal or other material, two side walls and a rear wall. The upper ends of the side walls are elongated and designed as two opposing magazine lips 19 (only one shown).
Die von einem Zubringer durch Wirkung einer Magazinfeder (nicht gezeigt) nach oben nachgeführten Patronen sind in zwei nebeneinanderliegenden, zueinander versetzten Reihen angeordnet (sog. Zickzackordnung) . Die oberste Patrone 17 wird durch die ihr zugeordnete Magazinlippe 19 in ihrer Lage gehalten und befindet sich in derjenigen Übergabeposi¬ tion, welche ihrer Reihe zugeordnet ist. Wenn sich nun der Verschluß (kein Bezugszeichen) längs der Seelenachse 5 nach vorne bewegt, dann wird diese Patrone 17 an ihrem Boden erfaßt und in das Patronenlager 7 eingeführt. Um dabei eine zuverlässige Führung der Patrone 17 zu gewährleisten, ist ein Übergangsbauteil 25 angeordnet. Dieses ist im Beispiel als eine Zuführrampe ausgebildet.The cartridges tracked upwards by a feeder by the action of a magazine spring (not shown) are arranged in two adjacent rows which are offset from one another (so-called zigzag order). The uppermost cartridge 17 is held in its position by the magazine lip 19 assigned to it and is in the transfer position which is assigned to its row. If the breech (no reference numeral) now moves forward along the core axis 5, this cartridge 17 is grasped at its bottom and inserted into the cartridge chamber 7. In order to ensure reliable guidance of the cartridge 17, a transition component 25 is arranged. In the example, this is designed as a feed ramp.
An der Zuführrampe 25 ist eine Führungsflache 23 geformt. Beim Ladevorgang läuft zunächst die Patronenspitze der obersten Patrone 17 auf diese Fläche auf. Sodann wird die Patrone 17 in das Patronenlager 7 eingeführt. Dabei läuft auch der Umfang dieser Patrone 17 über die Führungsfläche 23 hinweg. Diese ist derartig geneigt, daß sie oder ihre gedachte Verlängerung genau auf die Unterseite der hinteren Innenumfangskante des Patronenlagers 7 auftrifft.A guide surface 23 is formed on the feed ramp 25. During the loading process, the cartridge tip of the top cartridge 17 runs onto this surface. Then the cartridge 17 is inserted into the cartridge chamber 7. The circumference of this cartridge 17 also runs over the guide surface 23. This is so inclined that she or her imaginary extension strikes the underside of the rear inner peripheral edge of the cartridge chamber 7.
An der Vorderseite weist die Zuführrampe 25 eine Quernut 21 auf, in welche der Quersteg 9 am hinteren Außenumfangsende des Laufes 3 eingreift. Ist der Lauf 3 im Gehäuse 1 so angebracht, daß er in Längsrichtung festliegt, dann hält er auch die Zuführrampe 25 fest. Die Zuführrampe 25 sitzt dabei in einer Aufnahme, welche im Gehäuse 1 ausgebildet ist. Alternativ könnte die Zuführrampe 25 auch dauerhaft befestigt sein. Beispielsweise wäre es möglich, sie zu diesem Zweck in das Gehäuse einzuspritzen.At the front, the feed ramp 25 has a transverse groove 21, into which the transverse web 9 engages at the rear outer peripheral end of the barrel 3. If the barrel 3 is mounted in the housing 1 so that it is fixed in the longitudinal direction, then it also holds the feed ramp 25 in place. The feed ramp 25 is seated in a receptacle which is formed in the housing 1. Alternatively, the feed ramp 25 could also be permanently attached. For example, it would be possible to inject them into the housing for this purpose.
Das hintere Ende der Zuführrampe 25 ragt in den Magazin- schacht 11 um eine Strecke hinein, welche etwa der Wand¬ stärke der Vorderwand 13 des Magazines 15 entspricht. Sie endet somit an oder kurz vor der Innenoberfläche der Vor¬ derwand 13.The rear end of the feed ramp 25 protrudes into the magazine shaft 11 by a distance which corresponds approximately to the wall thickness of the front wall 13 of the magazine 15. It therefore ends at or shortly before the inner surface of the front wall 13.
Beim Umbau der Waffe für ein anderes Kaliber wird zunächst der Verschluß entfernt. Sodann kann der Lauf 3 nach Lösen der Überwurfmutter zusammen mit der Zuführrampe 25 nach hinten aus dem Gehäuse 1 geschoben werden, bis sich letzte¬ re im Magazinschacht 11 befindet. Durch eine Drehung des Laufes 3 wird die Zuführrampe 25 von diesem gelöst. Sie kann daraufhin aus dem Gehäuse 1 entnommen werden. Der Einbau erfolgt in umgekehrter Reihenfolge. Es ist auch möglich, die Zuführrampe 25 zusammen mit dem Lauf 3 aus dem Gehäuse 1 zu entnehmen und dann die Zuführrampe 25 aus dem Lauf 3 auszuhängen.When the weapon is converted to a different caliber, the bolt is first removed. Then, after loosening the union nut, the barrel 3 can be pushed backwards together with the feed ramp 25 out of the housing 1 until the latter is in the magazine shaft 11. By rotating the barrel 3, the feed ramp 25 is released from it. It can then be removed from the housing 1. Installation is the reverse order. It is also possible to remove the feed ramp 25 together with the barrel 3 from the housing 1 and then to unhook the feed ramp 25 from the barrel 3.
In Fig.3 ist die Zuführrampe 25 als Einzelteil dargestellt. Besonders gut ist hier die komplizierte Formgebung der Führungsfläche 23 zu sehen. Diese weist zwei Übergänge in der Form von Führungsrillen auf, welche jeweils von einer der beiden Übergabepositionen (neben jeweils einer Magazin¬ lippe 19) gegen die Unterkante des Patronenlagers 7 gerich- tet ist. Da sich somit die Führungsflächen 23 vor dem Pa¬ tronenlager 7 schneiden würden, überbrücken sie die Zwi¬ schenstrecke nur bis zu dieser Schnittlinie.In Figure 3, the feed ramp 25 is shown as a single part. The complicated shape of the guide surface 23 can be seen particularly well here. This has two transitions in the form of guide grooves, each of which is directed from one of the two transfer positions (in addition to a magazine lip 19) against the lower edge of the cartridge chamber 7. is. Since the guide surfaces 23 would thus intersect in front of the cartridge bearing 7, they only bridge the intermediate section up to this cutting line.
In Fig. 2 ist dasselbe Gehäuse wie in Fig.l dargestellt. Allerdings sind darin ein Lauf 3' für die Patrone .45 ACP (.45 Automatic), ein dazu passendes Magazin 15' und eine zugehörige Zuführrampe 25' eingebaut. Die Patrone .45 ACP ist länger und dicker als die Patrone 9 mm Parabellum. Das Magazin 15' muß, um in den Schacht 11 zu passen, die glei¬ chen Abmessungen im Querschnitt aufweisen, wie das Magazin 15. Daher sind die Wandstärken geringer. Die Zuführrampe 25' ragt dementsprechend weniger weit in den Magazinschacht 11 hinein. Im übrigen gilt die Beschreibung von Fig. 1 entsprechend.In Fig. 2 the same housing is shown as in Fig.l. However, a barrel 3 'for the .45 ACP (.45 Automatic) cartridge, a matching magazine 15' and an associated feed ramp 25 'are installed therein. The .45 ACP cartridge is longer and thicker than the 9 mm Parabellum cartridge. In order to fit into the shaft 11, the magazine 15 'must have the same cross-sectional dimensions as the magazine 15. The wall thicknesses are therefore smaller. The feed ramp 25 'accordingly protrudes less far into the magazine shaft 11. Otherwise, the description of FIG. 1 applies accordingly.
In Fig. 4 ist die Zuführrampe 25' als Einzelteil darge¬ stellt. Die Führungsfläche 23' liegt tiefer als die Füh¬ rungsfläche 23 der Zuführrampe 15, da der Durchmesser des Patronenlagers 7' größer ist als der des Patronenlagers 7. Die Führungsrillen sind dem größeren Durchmesser ebenfalls angepaßt.4, the feed ramp 25 'is shown as an individual part. The guide surface 23 'is lower than the guide surface 23 of the feed ramp 15, since the diameter of the cartridge chamber 7' is larger than that of the cartridge chamber 7. The guide grooves are also adapted to the larger diameter.
Schließlich sind der Quersteg 9; und die Quernut 21' anders ausgebildet als Quersteg 9 und Quernut 21, um zu vermei¬ den, daß die zu einem Kaliber gehörige Zuführrampe nicht versehentlich in einem zu einem anderen Kaliber gehörigen Lauf eingehängt werden kann. Finally, the crossbar 9; and the transverse groove 21 'is configured differently from the transverse web 9 and transverse groove 21, in order to avoid that the feed ramp belonging to one caliber cannot be accidentally hooked into a barrel belonging to another caliber.

Claims

Ansprüche Expectations
1. Mehrladewaffe mit wenigstens einer Patronenbevorratung (15; 15') , einem Lauf (3; 3') und einem Übergang, welcher die Strecke bzw. die Strecken zwischen der1. multi-loading weapon with at least one cartridge supply (15; 15 '), a barrel (3; 3') and a transition, which the route or the routes between the
Patronenbevorratung (15; 15') und dem im Lauf (3; 3') ausgebildetem Patronenlager (7; 7') zumindest teil¬ weise überbrückt, bei welcher a) Patronen (17; 17') aus der Patronenbevorratung (15; 15') in den Lauf (3; 3') bzw. in das Patro¬ nenlager (7; 7') geladen werden; und b) ein oder mehrere unbewegliche, im Gebrauch orts¬ feste Übergänge dabei der Führung der Patronen (17; 17') dienen; dadurch gekennzeicnnet, daß c) der bzw. die unbeweglichen, im Gebrauch ortsfe¬ sten Übergänge als wenigstens ein gesondertes Bauteil (25; 25') ausgebildet ist.Cartridge storage (15; 15 ') and the cartridge chamber (7; 7') formed in the barrel (3; 3 ') at least partially bridged, in which a) cartridges (17; 17') from the cartridge storage (15; 15 ' ) are loaded into the barrel (3; 3 ') or into the cartridge chamber (7; 7'); and b) one or more immobile transitions which are stationary during use serve to guide the cartridges (17; 17 '); characterized in that c) the immobile transition (s) which are stationary in use are designed as at least one separate component (25; 25 ').
2. Mehrladewaffe nach Anspruch 1, bei welcher das Über¬ gangsbauteil als Druckguß-, Metallpulverspritzguß-, Feinguß- oder Sinterteil aus Metall oder als Kunst- stoffteil ausgebildet ist.2. Multi-loading weapon according to claim 1, in which the transition component is designed as a die-cast, metal powder injection molding, investment casting or sintered part made of metal or as a plastic part.
3. Mehrladewaffe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, bei welcher das Übergangsbauteil (25; 25') auswech¬ selbar montiert ist.3. Multi-loading weapon according to one of the preceding claims, in which the transition component (25; 25 ') is mounted exchangeably.
4. Mehrladewaffe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, bei welcher das Übergangsbauteil in formschlussigem4. Multi-loading weapon according to one of the preceding claims, in which the transition component in a form-fitting manner
Eingriff mit dem Lauf (3; 3') steht.Engagement with the barrel (3; 3 ') is.
5. Mehrladewaffe nach Anspruch 4, bei welcher der form¬ schlüssige Eingriff als ein Nut-und-Feder-System aus- gebildet ist. 5. Multi-loading weapon according to claim 4, in which the positive engagement is designed as a tongue-and-groove system.
6. Mehrladewaffe nach einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche, bei welcher a) die Patronenbevorratung (15; 15') als ein Magazin ausgebildet ist, das in einen Aufnahmeraum (11; 11') eingefügt wird; b) das Übergangbauteil (25; 25') mit seiner Unter¬ seite auf der Oberseite der vorderen Wand (13; 13') des Magazins (15; 15') aufsitzt; und c) das hintere Ende des Übergangsbauteils (25; 25') an die Innenoberfläche der vorderen Wand (13;6. Multi-loading weapon according to one of the preceding claims, in which a) the cartridge supply (15; 15 ') is designed as a magazine which is inserted into a receiving space (11; 11'); b) the transition component (25; 25 ') sits with its underside on the upper side of the front wall (13; 13') of the magazine (15; 15 '); and c) the rear end of the transition component (25; 25 ') on the inner surface of the front wall (13;
13') des Magazins im wesentlichen bündig an¬ schließt.13 ') of the magazine connects essentially flush.
7. Mehrladewaffe nach Anspruch 6, bei welcher a) das Übergangsbauteil (25; 25') nicht breiter als der Magazin-Aufnahmeraum (11; 11') ist; b) eine durch diesen Aufnahmeraum (11; 11') zugäng¬ liche Aussparung für das Übergangsbauteil (25; 25') vorgesehen ist; und c) das Übergangsbauteil (25; 25') beim Einbau oder7. multi-loading weapon according to claim 6, in which a) the transition component (25; 25 ') is not wider than the magazine receiving space (11; 11'); b) a recess for the transition component (25; 25 ') which is accessible through this receiving space (11; 11') is provided; and c) the transition component (25; 25 ') during installation or
Wechsel durch den Aufnahmeraum (11; 11') in die Aussparung einschiebbar ist. Change through the receiving space (11; 11 ') can be inserted into the recess.
EP96900965A 1995-01-18 1996-01-17 Firearm with cartridge feed device located between a cartridge chamber and a magazine Expired - Lifetime EP0750733B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19501397A DE19501397C2 (en) 1995-01-18 1995-01-18 Ammunition transport in a multi-load weapon
DE19501397 1995-01-18
PCT/EP1996/000183 WO1996022500A1 (en) 1995-01-18 1996-01-17 Firearm with cartridge feed device located between a cartridge chamber and a magazine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0750733A1 true EP0750733A1 (en) 1997-01-02
EP0750733B1 EP0750733B1 (en) 1998-09-09

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US (1) US5765302A (en)
EP (1) EP0750733B1 (en)
AT (1) ATE170972T1 (en)
CA (1) CA2185643A1 (en)
DE (2) DE19501397C2 (en)
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ATE170972T1 (en) 1998-09-15
DE19501397A1 (en) 1996-07-25
DE19501397C2 (en) 1999-03-25
CA2185643A1 (en) 1996-07-25
ES2122778T3 (en) 1998-12-16
EP0750733B1 (en) 1998-09-09
WO1996022500A1 (en) 1996-07-25
US5765302A (en) 1998-06-16
DE59600529D1 (en) 1998-10-15

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