EP0741891B2 - Verfahren und anordnung zur ermittlung von nutzungsgebühren für verkehrswege und/oder verkehrsflächen - Google Patents
Verfahren und anordnung zur ermittlung von nutzungsgebühren für verkehrswege und/oder verkehrsflächen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0741891B2 EP0741891B2 EP95908871A EP95908871A EP0741891B2 EP 0741891 B2 EP0741891 B2 EP 0741891B2 EP 95908871 A EP95908871 A EP 95908871A EP 95908871 A EP95908871 A EP 95908871A EP 0741891 B2 EP0741891 B2 EP 0741891B2
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- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- data
- vehicle
- monitoring
- toll charges
- levy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001413 cellular effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012549 training Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013500 data storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000007943 implant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036515 potency Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
- G07B—TICKET-ISSUING APPARATUS; FARE-REGISTERING APPARATUS; FRANKING APPARATUS
- G07B15/00—Arrangements or apparatus for collecting fares, tolls or entrance fees at one or more control points
- G07B15/06—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems
- G07B15/063—Arrangements for road pricing or congestion charging of vehicles or vehicle users, e.g. automatic toll systems using wireless information transmission between the vehicle and a fixed station
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and an arrangement to determine usage fees for traffic routes and / or traffic areas.
- a in VDI news from 08/20/93, page 2 to 3 described detection system uses a position determination of the vehicle using the GPS system (Global Positioning System), with which a position determination done by satellites, by the way is also described in FR 26 70 002 A1. With that only virtual collection points required, so that there is no need for suitable structures.
- the control the respective debit is based on a combination from beacon system and camera.
- the security relevant Money transfer operations take place only locally in the vehicle. Because the calculation the fee is only in the vehicle, is a traffic dependent It is not possible to make tariffs dynamic. How is also in the former known method a check only during a limited connection period between the controlling vehicle and a fixed station possible.
- the object of the present invention is a method to determine usage fees for traffic routes propose which with a low Effort related to inpatient facilities works and in which a secure transmission of each determined user fees up to a debit from an account or a user's wallet is possible.
- the inventive method has the advantage that basically existing infrastructure, such as the GPS system and digital cellular networks, can be used. Furthermore, the inventive Process advantageous that for the transfer of Usage fees provide sufficient time stands so that all measures to secure the Transmission are possible. Also, the survey of fees and monitoring timed and locally decoupled from each other.
- the method according to the invention is not only for Roads, but also for other traffic routes, such as Air and waterways and railways, applicable. Furthermore, with the method according to the invention Fees for driving in certain traffic zones be determined, such as indoor. urban areas.
- the method according to the invention consists in the fact that the usage fees calculated in each case in one in the vehicle Memory can be added up and that at a given Amount of total usage fees the transfer to the central office takes place. It is preferably provided that by the transfer a corresponding credit to the central office in is stored in the memory from which the respectively calculated Fees are debited.
- control data are temporarily stored, which enable control of the charge calculation, in particular, data relating to the vehicle, the vehicle being driven Route, date, time and the respectively applied Mark tariff.
- This control data can be requested by the user at its discretion until necessary Complaint will be saved. However, you can even while driving on the chargeable Traffic route used for controls. It is advantageous in the method according to the invention that if the memory is a chip card. With this there are many Benefits associated with the smart card as such result, for example, the storage of a personal identification and the ability to Chip card when the vehicle is not in use to lead, therefore, in the event of unauthorized vehicle use not also pay the user fees of the vehicle owner. It is possible that Function for the method according to the invention in one To implant chip card, which is also used for participant identification serves for a cellular network.
- the use of the GPS system mentioned at the beginning basically allows for position determination an ongoing position determination so that the Usage fees, for example, based on actually driven Kilometers could be billed.
- a division of the fee-based is often made Traffic routes useful in individual sections be between collection points. In doing so the position data positions from given Assigned to collection agencies.
- the GPS system is used in further training of the method according to the invention allows that with the help of those in the vehicle Device continuously determines the position of the vehicle and with predetermined, one collection point each own positions is compared and that if there is agreement the respective position as position data of the Calculation of user fees used becomes.
- the positions of the survey points in the facility in the vehicle are stored or that over the data transmission system positions of Collection agencies are transferred or that over the data transmission system the positions of collection points in a local area be broadcast regularly.
- tariffs in the equipment in the vehicle is in shape a database is stored or that the tariff data from time to time via the data transmission system transmitted and stored in the in-vehicle equipment be or that over the data transmission system Tariff data for a locally restricted area be broadcast regularly.
- a control of fee calculation and debiting can in the inventive method in advantageously connected downstream with the collection points Monitoring devices are carried out by that over the data transmission system of the vehicle equipment is communicated; which collection points Monitoring devices downstream are that the vehicle equipment at these collection points the control record of the fee calculation at the respective collection point from the Reads memory and via the data transmission system transmits to the monitoring device which the data received by the monitoring body identifiable characteristics (license plate, vehicle type) compares.
- the monitoring device control data received if there is a match with those from the monitoring facility data obtained are deleted.
- Use of the toll road is then a storage of the data until clarification and possible introduction of coercive measures required by competent bodies.
- Vehicles not with one for the invention Appropriate in-vehicle equipment and by paying the user fee in advance use the toll route, can when using the invention Procedures also unimpeded monitoring devices happen. This is with further training the inventive method provided that furthermore control data are generated when on a Paying agent a user fee for a specific Route for a specific license plate number is paid and that the control data of one or are fed to several monitoring devices, which are in the range of the route for which User fee was paid.
- the This ensures transmission of the data to the central office be that the data transfer over itself known methods for authentication and encryption is secured. Preference is given to encryption the DES method applied.
- An advantageous embodiment of this training provides that license plates, through a triple DES process, one-way encrypted become. With such coded license plates a reliable comparison in monitoring possible from the encrypted code, however the license plate itself can no longer be calculated.
- To further increase security can be provided be that for the encryption of the license plate provided key dynamized becomes.
- the one from the security module (chip card in the vehicle security area of the paying agent) current key index is then over a also transmit encrypted communication. Contributes to further security if all security-relevant Processes in the vehicle equipment in the Chip card and all security-relevant processes in the Central office and at the paying agent in secured areas (so-called security box) are processed.
- the invention thereby possible that the digital cellular network is built according to the GSM standard.
- An arrangement for performing the invention The method is characterized by the technical teaching of claim 20.
- This arrangement has the advantage that practically all components in vehicle-compatible Execution, for example by cellular networks and positioning systems are available.
- the device in the vehicle forms a structural unit with a car radio.
- the antenna can be designed in this way to be used as a receiving antenna for the car radio as well as an antenna for mobile radio serves.
- a further development of this arrangement consists in that a display device (display) of the car radio serves as an output unit. Furthermore, the arrangement be designed such that as an input unit a preferably deposited by infrared transmission Keyboard.
- Procedure also make an emergency call by the actuation of a suitable control element In-vehicle equipment for the transmission of the respective Position including an identifier that it is is an emergency call, initiated by data transmission becomes.
- This information can then, for example, from the central office via a corresponding data line forwarded to a police station and reported there become.
- a notification of technical Emergency services possible In the case of an emergency call, it is advisable relinquished anonymity and that Vehicle registration number transmitted unencrypted.
- Fig. 1 shows a toll road 1 with each two lanes in each direction.
- the collection point 3 is associated with a monitoring device 4.
- a vehicle 5 is on the virtual Collection point 3, another vehicle 6 in the area the monitoring device 4 and a third vehicle 7 is on the route section between the collection points.
- a central office 11 can use a digital cellular network 10 data are transmitted.
- the central office can be hierarchically structured and several have decentralized subordinate sub-tasks perceive, for example, communication processing self.
- the collection points are each predetermined by defined geographical positions. With the help of GPS system, not shown, is running in the vehicle determined its position and with positions of the Comparison points compared. In the case of equality, it is determined that, for example, the vehicle 5 in the Collection point 3 is located. Reaches the vehicle 5 later the collection agency 2, the fee for the Distance between collection points 2 and 3 based on of the tariff applicable for this route and previously saved usage fees added. The sum is then saved again.
- the vehicle device also stores that behind the collection point 3 a monitoring device 4 is arranged. Because this at the collection point 3 is the case, the in-vehicle equipment causes 10 control data via the digital cellular network to be sent to the central office 11.
- the monitoring point are using of video cameras 13, 14, 15, 16 the characteristics and if necessary, the outline of the vehicle 6 included and with the help of image processing devices analyzed. If the control data match With the information recorded, the Central station 11 transmitted data deleted. However, will recorded a vehicle 6 for which no correlating Control data are available via a Output device 17 a message so that the unauthorized Usage can be tracked. Like this one individual has to be done is outside the invention and is left to the operator. Preferably the further processing of these messages is done manually.
- the central office 11 can also Create invoices for the vehicle owner or user and, if applicable, the invoice amounts move in the user's bank 12.
- the potencies n0, n1, n2 etc. can all be the same or ascending or follow any other definitions.
- Each parameter (a, b, c ...) stands for a defined influencing variable - for example a for the motor vehicle type, b for the date, c for the time, d for the vehicle density and others.
- the basic unit fee x has the dimension of a monetary value, so that the result of the formula gives the fee to be paid. After the fee has been calculated, the corresponding units are initially debited locally from an intermediate account in the chip card. Minimum amounts of a few pfennigs do not have to be transferred individually using the complete security procedure of electronic money transfers, but are instead collected on the chip
- FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of an exemplary embodiment a vehicle device for implementation of the method according to the invention.
- a processor 21 is used for the individual processes other a permanent memory 22 for the program and a read / write memory 23 for variable data contains.
- a locating device is attached to the processor 21 24 and a transceiver 25 for mobile Data communication connected.
- the broadcast / Receiving device 25 can, for example, according to work according to the GSM standard and possibly also be associated with a mobile device.
- a display unit is attached to the processor 21 26, for example an LCD display, and an input unit 27 connected.
- the processor 21 with a chip card reader / writer 28 connected, into which a chip card 29 can be inserted, a processor 30, a read only memory 31 and one Contains data storage 32.
- the monitoring device shown in Fig. 3 includes several video cameras 41, which if necessary work in the infrared range, and headlights or infrared headlights 42.
- the signals generated by the video cameras 41 are fed to an image processing computer 43, with which a license plate recognition is possible.
- an image processing computer 43 On the image processing computer 43 is a transmitting / receiving device 44 connected with which to and data are transmitted from the central office 11 can.
- the central point shown in Fig. 4 consists of a processing computer 51, which in addition to the usual Storage devices a security box 52nd includes. Transmit / Receiving devices 53, 54, 55 connected to Communication with the cellular network 10, with monitoring devices 4 and with banks 12 (Fig. 1).
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
- Finance (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)
- Traffic Control Systems (AREA)
- Meter Arrangements (AREA)
- Financial Or Insurance-Related Operations Such As Payment And Settlement (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine schematische Darstellung von Einrichtungen zur Durchführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,
- Fig. 2
- ein Blockschaltbild einer Fahrzeugeinrichtung,
- Fig. 3
- ein Blockschaltbild einer Überwachungseinrichtung und
- Fig. 4
- ein Blockschaltbild einer zentralen Einrichtung.
Claims (24)
- Verfahren zur Ermittlung von Nutzungsgebühren für Verkehrswege und/oder Verkehrsflächen, wobei mit Hilfe einer in einem Fahrzeug befindlichen Einrichtung aufgrund von Positionsdaten und Tarifdaten Nutzungsgebühren berechnet werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Nutzungsgebühren über ein digitales Mobilfunknetz an eine Zentralstelle übertragen werden, daß die jeweils berechneten Nutzungsgebühren in einem im Fahrzeug befindlichen Speicher aufsummiert werden, und daß bei einer vorgegebenen Höhe der aufsummierten Nutzungsgebühren die Übertragung an die Zentralstelle erfolgt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß durch die Übertragung an die Zentralstelle ein entsprechendes Guthaben in dem Speicher abgelegt wird, von dem die jeweils berechneten Gebühren abgebucht werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß in dem Speicher ferner vorübergehend Kontrolldaten abgelegt werden, welche eine Kontrolle der Gebührenberechnung ermöglichen, insbesondere Daten, welche das Fahrzeug, die gefahrene Strecke und den jeweils angewandten Tarif kennzeichnen.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Speicher eine Chipkarte ist.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Positionsdaten Positionen von vorgegebenen Erhebungsstellen zugeordnet werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß mit Hilfe der im Fahrzeug befindlichen Einrichtung die Position des Fahrzeugs laufend ermittelt und mit vorgegebenen, jeweils einer Erhebungsstelle eigenen Positionen verglichen wird und daß bei Übereinstimmung die jeweilige Position als Postionsdaten der Berechnung der Nutzungsgebühren zugrundegelegt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Positionen der Erhebungsstellen in der im Fahrzeug befindlichen Einrichtung gespeichert sind.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß über das Datenübertragungssystem in zeitlichen Abständen Positionen von Erhebungsstellen übertragen werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß über das Datenübertragungssystem die Positionen von Erhebungsstellen in einem örtlich beschränkten Bereich regelmäßig übertragen werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Tarifdaten in der im Fahrzeug befindlichen Einrichtung fest in Form einer Datenbank gespeichert sind.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Tarifdaten von Zeit zu Zeit über das Datenübertragungssystem übertragen und in der Fahrzeugeinrichtung gespeichert werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß über das Datenübertragungssystem Tarifdaten für jeweils einen örtlich beschränkten Bereich regelmäßig übertragen werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, wobei Erhebungsstellen Überwachungseinrichtungen nachgeschaltet sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß über das Datenübertragungssystem der Fahrzeugeinrichtung mitgeteilt wird, welchen Erhebungsstellen Überwachungseinrichtungen nachgeschaltet sind, daß die Fahrzeugeinrichtung an diesen Erhebungsstellen den Kontrolldatensatz der Gebührenberechnung an der jeweiligen Erhebungsstelle aus dem Speicher ausliest und über das Datenübertragungssystem zur Überwachungseinrichtung überträgt, welche die empfangenen Daten mit durch die Überwachungsstelle feststellbaren Merkmalen (Kfz-Kennzeichen, Kfz-Typ) vergleicht.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die von der Überwachungseinrichtung empfangenen Kontrolldaten bei Übereinstimmung mit den von der Überwachungseinrichtung gewonnenen Daten sofort gelöscht werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 13 oder 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ferner Kontrolldaten erzeugt werden, wenn an einer Zahlstelle eine Nutzungsgebühr für eine bestimmte Strecke für ein bestimmtes Kraftfahrzeugkennzeichen entrichtet wird, und daß die Kontrolldaten einer oder mehreren Überwachungseinrichtungen zugeführt werden, die im Bereich derjenigen Strecke liegen, für welche Nutzungsgebühr gezahlt wurde.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Datenübertragung über an sich bekannte Verfahren zur Authentifikation und Verschlüsselung abgesichert wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß zur Verschlüsselung das DES-Verfahren angewendet wird.
- Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 16 oder 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Kfz-Kennzeichen, durch ein Triple-DES-Verfahren, einwegverschlüsselt werden.
- Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das digitale Mobilfunknetz nach dem GSM-Standard aufgebaut ist.
- Anordnung zur Ermittlung von Nutzungsgebühren für Verkehrswege und/oder Verkehrsflächen, mit einer im Fahrzeug befindlichen Einrichtung, die eine Positionserfassungseinrichtung (24) zur Erzeugung von Positionsdaten, welche die jeweilige Position des Fahrzeugs angeben, und einen Prozessor (21) zur Berechnung von Nutzungsgebühren aus den Positionsdaten und gespeicherten Tarifdaten umfaßt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einrichtung weiterhin einen Speicher zum Aufsummieren der berechneten Nutzungsgebühren, ein Endgerät (25) eines digitalen Mobilfunknetzes zum Übertragen der aufsummierten Nutzungsgebühren bei einer vorgegebenen Höhe an eine Zentralstelle, und eine Eingabe- (27) und eine Ausgabeeinheit (26) umfaßt.
- Anordnung nach Anspruch 20, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ferner ein Chipkarten-Lese/Schreib-Gerät (28) vorgesehen ist.
- Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 20 oder 21, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die im Fahrzeug befindliche Einrichtung mit einem Autoradio eine Baueinheit bildet.
- Anordnung nach Anspruch 22, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine Anzeigevorrichtung (Display) des Autoradios als Ausgabeeinheit (26) dient.
- Anordnung nach einem der Ansprüche 22 oder 23, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß als Eingabeeinheit (27) eine vorzugsweise durch Infrarot-Übertragung abgesetzte Tastatur dient.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4402613 | 1994-01-28 | ||
DE4402613A DE4402613A1 (de) | 1994-01-28 | 1994-01-28 | Verfahren und Anordnung zur Ermittlung von Nutzungsgebühren für Verkehrswege und/oder Verkehrsflächen |
PCT/DE1995/000107 WO1995020801A1 (de) | 1994-01-28 | 1995-01-27 | Verfahren und anordnung zur ermittlung von nutzungsgebühren für verkehrswege und/oder verkehrsflächen |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0741891A1 EP0741891A1 (de) | 1996-11-13 |
EP0741891B1 EP0741891B1 (de) | 1998-05-20 |
EP0741891B2 true EP0741891B2 (de) | 2001-11-21 |
Family
ID=6508947
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95908871A Expired - Lifetime EP0741891B2 (de) | 1994-01-28 | 1995-01-27 | Verfahren und anordnung zur ermittlung von nutzungsgebühren für verkehrswege und/oder verkehrsflächen |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5767505A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0741891B2 (de) |
AT (1) | ATE166474T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU1704595A (de) |
CZ (1) | CZ285868B6 (de) |
DE (2) | DE4402613A1 (de) |
DK (1) | DK0741891T4 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2118568T5 (de) |
HU (1) | HU220494B1 (de) |
NO (1) | NO318125B1 (de) |
PL (1) | PL176105B1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1995020801A1 (de) |
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- 1995-01-27 AU AU17045/95A patent/AU1704595A/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-01-27 DE DE59502254T patent/DE59502254D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-01-27 AT AT95908871T patent/ATE166474T1/de active
- 1995-01-27 WO PCT/DE1995/000107 patent/WO1995020801A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1995-01-27 EP EP95908871A patent/EP0741891B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-01-27 HU HU9602053A patent/HU220494B1/hu unknown
- 1995-01-27 ES ES95908871T patent/ES2118568T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
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- 1995-01-27 DK DK95908871T patent/DK0741891T4/da active
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CZ285868B6 (cs) | 1999-11-17 |
EP0741891A1 (de) | 1996-11-13 |
ES2118568T3 (es) | 1998-09-16 |
NO318125B1 (no) | 2005-02-07 |
ES2118568T5 (es) | 2002-06-16 |
HU220494B1 (hu) | 2002-02-28 |
NO963058L (no) | 1996-07-23 |
NO963058D0 (no) | 1996-07-23 |
DK0741891T3 (da) | 1999-03-08 |
HU9602053D0 (en) | 1996-09-30 |
US5767505A (en) | 1998-06-16 |
CZ222996A3 (en) | 1996-11-13 |
AU1704595A (en) | 1995-08-15 |
EP0741891B1 (de) | 1998-05-20 |
DK0741891T4 (da) | 2002-05-21 |
DE59502254D1 (de) | 1998-06-25 |
DE4402613A1 (de) | 1995-08-03 |
WO1995020801A1 (de) | 1995-08-03 |
ATE166474T1 (de) | 1998-06-15 |
PL176105B1 (pl) | 1999-04-30 |
HUT74525A (en) | 1997-01-28 |
PL316842A1 (en) | 1997-02-17 |
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