EP0741630A1 - Ameliorations du meulage ou s'y rapportant - Google Patents

Ameliorations du meulage ou s'y rapportant

Info

Publication number
EP0741630A1
EP0741630A1 EP95906426A EP95906426A EP0741630A1 EP 0741630 A1 EP0741630 A1 EP 0741630A1 EP 95906426 A EP95906426 A EP 95906426A EP 95906426 A EP95906426 A EP 95906426A EP 0741630 A1 EP0741630 A1 EP 0741630A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cam
grinding
grinding wheel
workpiece
camshaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95906426A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0741630B1 (fr
Inventor
Christopher D. Bartlett
Clive J. S. Midgley
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Intermec Europe Ltd
Original Assignee
Western Atlas UK Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Western Atlas UK Ltd filed Critical Western Atlas UK Ltd
Publication of EP0741630A1 publication Critical patent/EP0741630A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0741630B1 publication Critical patent/EP0741630B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B19/00—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group
    • B24B19/08—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding non-circular cross-sections, e.g. shafts of elliptical or polygonal cross-section
    • B24B19/12—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding non-circular cross-sections, e.g. shafts of elliptical or polygonal cross-section for grinding cams or camshafts
    • B24B19/125—Single-purpose machines or devices for particular grinding operations not covered by any other main group for grinding non-circular cross-sections, e.g. shafts of elliptical or polygonal cross-section for grinding cams or camshafts electrically controlled, e.g. numerically controlled

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a method of grinding, and more especially to the rough grinding of a workpiece having one or more lobes, such as a camshaft cam, and also to a grinding machine for performing such method.
  • Rough grinding of fixed workpieces is conventionally carried out by a progressive infeed/outfeed movement of the grinding wheel of increasing depth, so that parts of the workpiece requiring maximum grinding are only worked upon at the end of the progression of feed movements.
  • the conventional method has the disadvantage that a retraction mark is left on the workpiece at the point where the wheel and workpiece finally separate, especially since the workpiece profile at the point of retraction will be a point of maximum depth of grinding.
  • a method of rough grinding a cam within a maximum of two rotations of a workpiece relative to a grinding wheel wherein rotation of the cam and operation of the cam/grinding wheel infeed/outfeed are synchronised to cause the grinding wheel first to contact the workpiece ahead of the intended position of the peak of the cam lobe therearound, to engage the workpiece and as infeed continues, to remove material so that the radius of the peak is attained at the intended position of the peak as it becomes aligned with the grinding wheel with rotation of the workpiece, and thereafter, by continued rotation of the workpiece and infeed/outfeed operation, to remove material from the workpiece so as to attain the required contour of the remainder of the cam, and finally to break contact with ground face of the cam at or after the peak of the lobe has become aligned with the grinding wheel for a second time but before the said third such alignment.
  • Finish grinding may be carried out with the same or a different grinding wheel, as by means of a belt grinder.
  • Surface hardening may be interposed between rough grinding and finish grinding.
  • a grinding machine for carrying out the above defined- method, equipped with control means for synchronising workpiece rotation and infeed/outfeed movement of the grinding wheel and cam as aforesaid.
  • the cam for example, may be a cam on a camshaft, which typically requires to be ground with a plurality of lobed cams. According to a further feature of the invention, therefore, camshaft indexing along its axis from one cam workpiece to the next is synchronised relative to the infeed/outfeed movements of the grinding wheel and to the camshaft so that the next cam workpiece is engaged by the grinding wheel.
  • a camshaft grinding machine for carrying out the above defined method, comprising a bed, means for supporting and rotating a camshaft to be ground relative to a grinding wheel, infeed/outfeed drive means for moving the cam and grinding wheel relative to each other, first position sensing means for determining the distance between the longitudinal axis of the shaft and the nearest point thereto on the surface of the grinding wheel, second position sensing means for determining the angular position of the rotating camshaft, control means responsive to signals from the two position sensing means to control the drive means to cause the wheel and camshaft to engage just prior to when the region of maximum radius of the cam lobe to be ground becomes aligned with a plane containing the axis of the wheel and the axis of the shaft, means containing radius data relative to rotational shaft position and means for utilising the radius position data to control the infeed/outfeed drive means to remove more or less material from the camshaft to attain the desired radius profile around the camshaft in one but not more than two
  • the method in accordance with the invention has the advantage that rough grinding can be performed much more quickly, specifically in little more than one turn of the cam workpiece. Moreover, because the grinding wheel separates from the cam at the nose position, the presence of a retraction mark can be substantially avoided. Thus, if desired, the grinding wheel can dwell for a short period at the depth of the nose, separa ion being produced by the continued rotation of the rough ground cam.
  • Figures 1 to 4 are diagrammatic views showing a sequence of stages in a rough grinding process
  • Figure 5 is a diagrammatic view of a rotating cam
  • Figure 6 is a flow chart describing the synchronisation of rotating cam and grinding wheel.
  • Figure 1 shows a grinding wheel 10 and a cam workpiece 12.
  • a grinding machine on which the grinding wheel 10 is located comprises a bed, means for supporting and rotating a camshaft to be ground relative to a grinding wheel and infeed/outfeed drive means for moving the cam and grinding wheel relative to each other.
  • First position sensing means is provided for determining the distance between the longitudinal axis of the shaft and the nearest point thereto on the surface of the grinding wheel 10 and second position sensing means for determining the angular position of the rotating camshaft 12.
  • a control means responsive to signals from the two position sensing means controls the drive means to cause the wheel 10 and camshaft 12 to engage just prior to when the region of maximum radius of the cam lobe to be ground becomes aligned with a plane containing the axis of the wheel and the axis of the shaft.
  • Means containing radius data relative to rotational shaft position and means for utilising the radius position data are used to control the infeed/outfeed drive means to remove more or less -material from the camshaft to attain, the desired radius profile around the camshaft in one but not more than two rotations of the camshaft.
  • the grinding wheel 10 is rotating clockwise about its axis, and the cam workpiece 12 is rotating anti-clockwise about its axis.
  • a controlled infeed/outfeed movement of the grinding wheel is taking place by relative displacement of the grinding wheel axis and the axis of the workpiece.
  • the workpiece 12 is pre-formed ready for rough grinding to produce a cam having a lobe 14.
  • the material to be ground away from the workpiece is indicated by the shaded border 16, the interior dashed line indicating the size and shape required for the rough ground cam.
  • the infeed/outfeed movement of the grinding wheel 10 is synchronised with the rotary movement of the workpiece 12 so that the grinding wheel first engages the workpiece just ahead of the nose of the required cam lobe 14.
  • Figure 1 shows the condition just before initial engagement takes place.
  • Figure 3 shows the condition when the workpiece has rotated through about 180 degrees from the condition shown in Figure 2.
  • One side of- the workpiece has been wholly ground away, and material 16A to be ground away remains only on the other side of the workpiece.
  • This- material 16A is ground away as rotation of the cam workpiece 12 continues in synchronised relationship to the controlled infeed/outfeed movement, until the starting position of the Workpiece is reached. Grinding then continues to remove the sloping step initially cut into the workpiece ahead of the nose of the lobe.
  • the grinding wheel 10 is allowed for a short period to dwell without movement relative to the cam, so that disengagement of the wheel and cam is produced by the continued rotation of the cam.
  • the rough ground cam is thereby fully formed in just over one complete rotation of the workpiece.
  • the cam may be one cam of a series along a camshaft.
  • relative longitudinal indexing of the shaft and grinding wheel may be carried out, in synchronised relationship to the infeed/outfeed movement and shaft rotation, so that commencement of grinding of the next cam workpiece occurs when the next cam reaches the condition shown in Figure 1, i.e. in less than one rotation of the shaft.
  • Conventional finish grinding may be carried out subsequently, possibly by the same grinding wheel, and possibly after a surface hardening treatment carried out on the rough ground cams.
  • workpiece 12 is described as rotating anticlockwise, it is to" be understood that it may alternatively rotate in a clockwise sense.
  • Figure 5 shows the position of zero degree reference on a cam 18 which defines the position from which relative angles for the control of the synchronisation between the cam and the grinding wheel are determined.
  • the cam 18 has a maximum radius with 'respect to the centre of cam rotation as shown by line 20. This radius is chosen to be a zero degree reference line.
  • the cam 18 is defined at zero degrees with respect to the grinding wheel 22 when the cam zero reference is pointing horizontally towards the grinding wheel centre 22.
  • the zero degree reference line 20 is further referenced to an angular measuring system coincident with the axis of cam rotation. Rotation of the reference line 20 relative to its initial position produces an angular rotation which is measured by the angular measuring system.
  • the relative angle is read by a computer controlling the grinding machine and a signal fed from the computer to the grinding machine so as to synchronise movement of the cam 18 and the grinding wheel 22.
  • Figure 6 describes the steps required to synchronise the grinding of the cam 18 with rotation of the grinding wheel 22.
  • the cam 18 is indexed to zero, plus or minus an angular offset.
  • the offset is stored in the controlling computer by a machine operator. The size of the offset depends on the direction of rotation of the cam 18 during grinding, i.e. whether the rotation is clockwise or anti-clockwise.
  • the grinding wheel 22 is moved forward until its surface is positioned so as to contact the rotating cam 18 when the maximum throw of the cam, as defined along line 20 in Figure 5, aligns with the line joining the centre of rotation of the cam 18 and the grinding wheel- 22.
  • Cam rotation in the desired direction of grinding is started and when the cam 18 is at zero degrees with respect to the grinding wheel 22, the latter 22 is moved linearly with respect to the horizontal axis along which the zero degree reference to the cam was initially defined.
  • the grinding wheel movement is controlled by (cam angle/grinding wheel position) coordinates as specified by the controlling computer in accordance with the cam profile to be ground. After 360 degrees of rotation when the maximum radius of the cam is back at the zero degrees reference position, the linear motion of the grinding wheel 22 is stopped.
  • the cam 18 is rotated through an angle controlled by the machine control computer, as specified by a machine operator, and stopped.
  • the grinding wheel 22 no longer contacts the cam 18 at any position and the wheel 22 is retracted away from the cam 18.
  • the roughly ground cam is then removed.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention a pour objet un procédé et un appareil pour le meulage d'une came (12) pourvue d'un bossage de came. La rotation de la came (12) est synchronisée avec le mouvement d'avance ou de recul d'une meule (10). Des moyens de contrôle mesurent les positions en rotation et latérale relatives de la came et de la meule (10). Le mouvement de la meule (10) par rapport à la came (12) est contrôlé de façon à meuler grossièrement un profil de came souhaité. Le meulage de finition peut être réalisé au moyen de meules ou de courroies abrasives. Une trempe de la surface peut être réalisée sur la came meulée avant l'étape de meulage de finition.
EP95906426A 1994-01-26 1995-01-25 Ameliorations du meulage ou s'y rapportant Expired - Lifetime EP0741630B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB9401462A GB9401462D0 (en) 1994-01-26 1994-01-26 Improvements in and relating to grinding
GB9401462 1994-01-26
PCT/GB1995/000146 WO1995020467A1 (fr) 1994-01-26 1995-01-25 Ameliorations du meulage ou s'y rapportant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0741630A1 true EP0741630A1 (fr) 1996-11-13
EP0741630B1 EP0741630B1 (fr) 1999-03-03

Family

ID=10749343

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95906426A Expired - Lifetime EP0741630B1 (fr) 1994-01-26 1995-01-25 Ameliorations du meulage ou s'y rapportant

Country Status (6)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0741630B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU1462295A (fr)
DE (1) DE69508060T2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2128040T3 (fr)
GB (2) GB9401462D0 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995020467A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2357719B (en) * 1999-10-27 2003-06-04 Unova Uk Ltd Grinding machine having two wheels
CN102229083A (zh) * 2011-06-08 2011-11-02 潘旭华 一种带凹凸轮的磨削方法
CN103707160B (zh) * 2014-01-13 2016-01-20 北京信息科技大学 凸轮磨削加工过渡廓形规划方法

Family Cites Families (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4443976A (en) * 1982-01-29 1984-04-24 Litton Industrial Products, Inc. Cylindrical grinding machine
DE3529099A1 (de) * 1985-08-14 1987-02-19 Fortuna Werke Maschf Ag Verfahren und vorrichtung zum spanabhebenden bearbeiten einer oberflaeche von profilen mit einer von einer kreisform abweichenden kontur, insbesondere nockenwellen
HU209638B (en) * 1989-10-27 1994-09-28 Miskolci Egyetem Method and apparatus for generating machining with abrasive belt
US5165202A (en) * 1991-10-18 1992-11-24 Spindel Jr Gilbert D Methods and apparatus for making spectacle frame lens patterns

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9520467A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69508060D1 (de) 1999-04-08
AU1462295A (en) 1995-08-15
DE69508060T2 (de) 1999-07-01
ES2128040T3 (es) 1999-05-01
GB9401462D0 (en) 1994-03-23
GB9501409D0 (en) 1995-03-15
GB2285937B (en) 1997-08-20
GB2285937A (en) 1995-08-02
WO1995020467A1 (fr) 1995-08-03
EP0741630B1 (fr) 1999-03-03

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