EP0741267B1 - Verfahren und Feuerung zum Verbrennen von Abfällen - Google Patents

Verfahren und Feuerung zum Verbrennen von Abfällen Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0741267B1
EP0741267B1 EP95106788A EP95106788A EP0741267B1 EP 0741267 B1 EP0741267 B1 EP 0741267B1 EP 95106788 A EP95106788 A EP 95106788A EP 95106788 A EP95106788 A EP 95106788A EP 0741267 B1 EP0741267 B1 EP 0741267B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
secondary air
channel
nozzles
grate
injected
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95106788A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0741267A1 (de
Inventor
Arvid Christmann
Bernd Rütten
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Hitachi Zosen Inova Steinmueller GmbH
Original Assignee
BBP Environment GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to DE59509469T priority Critical patent/DE59509469D1/de
Application filed by BBP Environment GmbH filed Critical BBP Environment GmbH
Priority to ES95106788T priority patent/ES2161798T3/es
Priority to AT95106788T priority patent/ATE203809T1/de
Priority to EP95106788A priority patent/EP0741267B1/de
Priority to PL96323139A priority patent/PL323139A1/xx
Priority to US08/964,188 priority patent/US6138587A/en
Priority to JP08523097A priority patent/JP2000513796A/ja
Priority to KR1019970707819A priority patent/KR100446348B1/ko
Priority to PCT/EP1996/001254 priority patent/WO1996035081A1/de
Priority to TW085103698A priority patent/TW319816B/zh
Publication of EP0741267A1 publication Critical patent/EP0741267A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0741267B1 publication Critical patent/EP0741267B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
    • F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
    • F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
    • F23G5/16—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion in a separate combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F23L9/02—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air above the fire
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
    • F23G2202/00—Combustion
    • F23G2202/10—Combustion in two or more stages
    • F23G2202/106—Combustion in two or more stages with recirculation of unburned solid or gaseous matter into combustion chamber

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method according to the preamble of claim 1 and a Furnace according to the preamble of claim 10.
  • the flue gas flow is particularly on the lower edge of the failure side Roof surface strongly deflected.
  • the flue gas flue is in the second DC combustion continuously vertical. At the transition between the combustion chamber and the flue gas flue an equally pronounced, if somewhat less, redirection can be seen.
  • waste incineration in a grate furnace this is done via a loading shaft supplied waste in the front area of the grate is first dried and preheated. In addition to the evaporation of the water, this also results in outgassing flammable Ingredients of the waste. Furthermore, they run from lower temperatures to about 500 ° C marked zone also pyrolytic processes. For a low overall The pollutant content of the exhaust gases from such grate combustion is therefore of decisive importance Meaning that the gaseous and particulate substances in the drying and Ignition area of the grate pass into the flue gas due to an energetic turbulent Mixing with the high temperature exhaust gas streams from the actual combustion area of the grate are brought into intimate contact. With sufficient oxygen content is the temperature and turbulence of the flow field Dwell time in areas of high temperature and high turbulence for the degree of destruction organic ingredients vital.
  • a rotary tube furnace is known from EP 0 579 987 A1, in which at least two primary air nozzles are so directed towards each other and towards the fuel bed that two opposing Vortexes are generated in the rotary tube whose axes of rotation are essentially parallel to the axis of the rotary tube and which rotate about these axes of rotation so that the thermally induced Support the movement of the fuel gases.
  • the invention has for its object a method according to the preamble of the claim 1 and to improve a furnace according to the preamble of claim 10, that each sub-volume of the flue gas changes during a prescribed dwell time is at a sufficiently high temperature level.
  • the direct current firing shown in FIG. 1 has a firebox 1, a loading shaft 2, a chute 3 and a grate 4, which extends from the loading shaft 2 extends to the chute 3. It is designed as a roller grate and comprises a total six rollers 5, the axes of which are inclined in a direction towards the chute 3 inclined plane are arranged parallel to each other.
  • the combustion chamber 1 is through at the top a roof-shaped firebox ceiling 6 completed.
  • the failure-side roof edge 7 is located itself over the end region of the grate 4.
  • Under the grate 4 are devices 8 for Primary air supply provided. Secondary air nozzles 9 penetrate several Place the combustion chamber ceiling 6. They are directed towards the main combustion zone, which is in one wide area is located in the middle of the grate 4.
  • the firebox 1 Through an opening 10 over the chute 3 and the adjacent end area of the grate 4 is the firebox 1 with a flue gas duct 11 in connection.
  • the lower section of the flue gas duct 11 is designed as an inclined pull 12. It is towards the loading chute 2 inclined backwards. Its lower boundary wall is the roof surface on the dropout side the combustion chamber ceiling 6.
  • FIG. 1 Approximately at the height of the mouth opening 10 are in a cross-sectional plane, which is shown in FIG is symbolized by a broken line, 14 additional nozzles on the rear wall 15.1 to 15.6 attached. They are illustrated in Figure 2 by pulse vectors.
  • the direction of the pulse vector coincides with the blowing direction, the length is a measure of the size of the pulse with which the secondary air flow is injected. The length should also be a measure of the size of the nozzle.
  • the pulse vectors are of equal length. This is meant to be symbolic are shown that all nozzles 15.1 to 15.6 are the same size.
  • the nozzle arrangement is mirror-symmetrical with respect to the vertical center plane 16, which the flue gas duct in divided two channel halves, which in Figure 2, the two cross-sectional halves 10a and 10b correspond.
  • the middle level 16 is an imaginary level, not a material level Partition wall.
  • Figure 2 shows the horizontal components of the individual pulse vectors.
  • the horizontal pulse components are aligned tangentially to circles 17.1 to 17.6 inscribed in the center of the cross-sectional halves. They therefore define a direction of rotation with respect to their center points Ma, Mb, symbolized by arrows 18a, 18b.
  • the direction of rotation in cross-section half 10a is opposite to the direction of rotation in cross-section half 10b.
  • the circles 17.1 to 17.3 or 17.4 to 17.6, which are assigned to the individual nozzles have different diameters.
  • nozzles of a cross-sectional half tangentially are between approximately 0.15b and 0.4b.
  • b is the width of the flue gas duct 11.
  • the horizontal component points away from the central plane 16.
  • the associated horizontal component is oriented at right angles to the rear wall 14, ie parallel to the side wall 19a. The same naturally applies to the nozzle 15.6.
  • the distances can deviate up to approximately ⁇ 30%, the angles up to approximately ⁇ 20% from the specified data.
  • the nozzles 15.1 to 15.6 are inclined to the horizontal.
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ 3 of the nozzle 15.3 is the angle between the pulse vector and its projection into the horizontal cross-sectional plane of the orifice 10.
  • the angle of inclination of the other nozzles which are not shown in FIG. 3 for the sake of clarity, has to be imagined accordingly.
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ for all nozzles is between -20 ° and + 50 °.
  • the negative sign indicates a downward slope.
  • the waste is placed on the grate 4 in the usual way, by rotation the rollers 5 on the grate 4 moved forward and burned. At the end of the grate the combustion residues fail.
  • Primary air is supplied to the grate from below. Secondary air is blown into combustion chamber 1 from above.
  • a flue gas flow occurs in the combustion chamber 1, which is shown in FIG. 1 by the streamlines 20, 21, 22 is illustrated.
  • the partial stream symbolized by streamline 20 rises from the front area of the grate 4. It contains solid and gaseous flammable ones Components. This partial flow is the characteristic of direct current combustion Way through the main combustion zone. There are the flammable Components at high temperature already largely through targeted secondary air supply burned.
  • the partial flow 21 escaping from the middle area has a very high high temperature, the partial flow 22 from the end region of the grate 4 still has a relative high oxygen content.
  • the entire flue gas flow is reduced on the outlet side deflected at the top and passes through the opening 10 into the inclined pull 12 the flammable components that are still carried are completely burned out. This is in addition to an adequate supply of oxygen, intensive mixing of the strands required that form the flue gas flow.
  • the mouth opening 10 in the region of the mouth opening 10, they are symmetrical to the central plane 16 secondary air jets blown in.
  • the direction of the secondary air jets is like this chosen so that each beam has an angular momentum with respect to the central axis of the channel half.
  • the direction of rotation is correct for all jets that are blown into one channel half. match. Because of the mirror symmetry, there is a sense of rotation in the cross-sectional half 10a, which is opposite to the direction of rotation in the cross-sectional half 10b.
  • the secondary air is blown into the flue gas flow at a speed of 70 to 100 m / s.
  • the Share of the secondary air blown in in the area of the mouth opening 10 of the total secondary air is around 25 to 35%.
  • the secondary air is blown into the flue gas duct 11 and in particular in the oblique draft 12 which forms the afterburning chamber, one to the central plane 16 symmetrical double vortex configuration created. That from the firebox 1 escaping flue gas is shaped by the arrangement and alignment of the nozzles two oppositely rotating vertebrae introduced obliquely upwards into the oblique pull 12. It has been shown that the separation vortex observed in the prior art is completely suppressed or at most on a harmless small detachment bubble directly on the Roof edge 7 is reduced. In the double vortex flow there is an extensive Homogenization in terms of temperature and material composition. Thereby the burnout of flammable components carried along is considerably improved and the Pollutant content in the exhaust gases significantly reduced.
  • Figure 4 shows a furnace, which is essentially compared to the furnace described so far has two differences: The one difference is that the flue gas duct 11 is designed as a continuous vertical train. The second difference is in the different configuration of the nozzles, which are at the level of the orifice 10 in the flue gas duct 11 are directed. This arrangement is shown symbolically in FIG.
  • the nozzles 24.1, 24.2 and 25.1 to 25.5 are not only attached to the rear wall 14, but also to the side walls 19a, 19b and the front wall 26 of the flue gas duct 11 over the edge 7.
  • the nozzles 24.1, 24.2 are significantly larger than the nozzles 25.1 to 25.5.
  • the nozzles 24.1, 24.2 are aligned tangentially to an inner circle 27, the smaller nozzles 25.1 to 25.5 tangentially to a larger circle 28.
  • the angle of inclination ⁇ 24, which is not visible in FIG. 5, of the nozzles 24.1, 24.2 is different from the angle of inclination ⁇ 25 of the nozzles 25.1 to 25.5.
  • the nozzles 25.1 to 25.5 generate secondary air with a significantly lower pulse blown in.
  • the quantity of secondary air introduced through the nozzles 24.1, 24.2 is preferred greater than the amount of secondary air introduced through nozzles 25.1 to 25.5, at least the same size.
  • the quantitative ratio is between 4: 1 and 1: 1. It is possible to replace all or part of the secondary air with recirculated flue gas.
  • an inner vortex is formed in each channel half, which is fanned in particular by the nozzles 24.1, 24.2, and an outer vortex which is fanned by the nozzles 25.1 to 25.5.
  • the vortices have different tangential speeds and, because of the different angles of inclination ⁇ 24 , ⁇ 25, also different axial speeds. This creates a shear layer between the two vertebrae. This leads to the formation of medium and fine-scale turbulence, which contributes to homogenization and improves the reaction kinetics.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
  • Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Air Supply (AREA)
EP95106788A 1995-05-05 1995-05-05 Verfahren und Feuerung zum Verbrennen von Abfällen Expired - Lifetime EP0741267B1 (de)

Priority Applications (10)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES95106788T ES2161798T3 (es) 1995-05-05 1995-05-05 Procedimiento e instalacion de combustion para quemar basuras.
AT95106788T ATE203809T1 (de) 1995-05-05 1995-05-05 Verfahren und feuerung zum verbrennen von abfällen
EP95106788A EP0741267B1 (de) 1995-05-05 1995-05-05 Verfahren und Feuerung zum Verbrennen von Abfällen
DE59509469T DE59509469D1 (de) 1995-05-05 1995-05-05 Verfahren und Feuerung zum Verbrennen von Abfällen
US08/964,188 US6138587A (en) 1995-05-05 1996-03-22 Process and furnace for burning refuse
JP08523097A JP2000513796A (ja) 1995-05-05 1996-03-22 ゴミの焼却方法及びゴミ焼却炉
PL96323139A PL323139A1 (en) 1995-05-05 1996-03-22 Waste incinerating process and oven
KR1019970707819A KR100446348B1 (ko) 1995-05-05 1996-03-22 쓰레기소각방법및소각로
PCT/EP1996/001254 WO1996035081A1 (de) 1995-05-05 1996-03-22 Verfahren und feuerung zum verbrennen von abfällen
TW085103698A TW319816B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1995-05-05 1996-03-27

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95106788A EP0741267B1 (de) 1995-05-05 1995-05-05 Verfahren und Feuerung zum Verbrennen von Abfällen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0741267A1 EP0741267A1 (de) 1996-11-06
EP0741267B1 true EP0741267B1 (de) 2001-08-01

Family

ID=8219223

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95106788A Expired - Lifetime EP0741267B1 (de) 1995-05-05 1995-05-05 Verfahren und Feuerung zum Verbrennen von Abfällen

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (1) US6138587A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
EP (1) EP0741267B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
JP (1) JP2000513796A (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
KR (1) KR100446348B1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
AT (1) ATE203809T1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
DE (1) DE59509469D1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
ES (1) ES2161798T3 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
PL (1) PL323139A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
TW (1) TW319816B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)
WO (1) WO1996035081A1 (enrdf_load_stackoverflow)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004045510A1 (de) * 2004-09-14 2006-03-30 Polysius Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Veraschen von Brennstoff
CN105423304A (zh) * 2015-12-01 2016-03-23 福寿园环保机械制造有限公司 一种环保焚尸炉

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DE19817121A1 (de) * 1998-04-17 1999-10-21 Kohlenstaubtechnik Dr Schoppe Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Zuführung des Windes zur Verbrennung von stückigem Brennstoff
SE513726C2 (sv) * 1998-11-17 2000-10-30 Kmw En Ab Fastbränsleugn
BR0010781B1 (pt) 1999-05-21 2010-11-03 sistema aperfeiçoado de queima de combustìvel em forma de massa.
JP4479655B2 (ja) * 2003-04-18 2010-06-09 Ｊｆｅエンジニアリング株式会社 火格子式廃棄物焼却炉及びその燃焼制御方法
US6964237B2 (en) * 2003-06-30 2005-11-15 Mark P. Hepp Grate block for a refuse incineration grate
US8607717B2 (en) * 2006-12-07 2013-12-17 Wte Waste To Energy Canada, Inc. Batch waste gasification process
US20080163803A1 (en) * 2006-12-22 2008-07-10 Covanta Energy Corporation Method and systems to control municipal solid waste density and higher heating value for improved waste-to-energy boiler operation
JP6030913B2 (ja) * 2012-10-11 2016-11-24 川崎重工業株式会社 ストーカ式焼却炉
JP6326212B2 (ja) * 2013-10-01 2018-05-16 日本碍子株式会社 放射性廃棄物焼却装置
DE102015003995A1 (de) 2015-03-30 2016-10-06 Martin GmbH für Umwelt- und Energietechnik Verfahren zur Verbrennungsführung bei Rostfeuerungen sowie Rostfeuerung
CN106090925B (zh) * 2016-07-27 2018-02-06 湖北华程制造有限公司 焚烧处理炉
CN107339701A (zh) * 2017-08-16 2017-11-10 深圳市能源环保有限公司 一种低氮燃烧的垃圾焚烧炉
ES2959017T3 (es) * 2021-02-22 2024-02-19 Doosan Lentjes Gmbh Planta de incineración
CN117308092B (zh) * 2023-11-28 2024-02-02 西安广泰源科技有限公司 一种两段式顺推炉排炉

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102004045510A1 (de) * 2004-09-14 2006-03-30 Polysius Ag Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Veraschen von Brennstoff
CN105423304A (zh) * 2015-12-01 2016-03-23 福寿园环保机械制造有限公司 一种环保焚尸炉

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR100446348B1 (ko) 2004-10-14
ES2161798T3 (es) 2001-12-16
JP2000513796A (ja) 2000-10-17
TW319816B (enrdf_load_stackoverflow) 1997-11-11
WO1996035081A1 (de) 1996-11-07
PL323139A1 (en) 1998-03-16
EP0741267A1 (de) 1996-11-06
DE59509469D1 (de) 2001-09-06
ATE203809T1 (de) 2001-08-15
US6138587A (en) 2000-10-31
KR19990008293A (ko) 1999-01-25

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