EP0736884B1 - Verfahren zur elektrolytischen Beschichtung von Seltene Erden enthaltenden Dauermagneten mit minimaler Oberflächenschädigung - Google Patents
Verfahren zur elektrolytischen Beschichtung von Seltene Erden enthaltenden Dauermagneten mit minimaler Oberflächenschädigung Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0736884B1 EP0736884B1 EP96103556A EP96103556A EP0736884B1 EP 0736884 B1 EP0736884 B1 EP 0736884B1 EP 96103556 A EP96103556 A EP 96103556A EP 96103556 A EP96103556 A EP 96103556A EP 0736884 B1 EP0736884 B1 EP 0736884B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- coating
- magnets
- electrolyte
- process according
- palladium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims description 22
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims description 9
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 title description 5
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001172 neodymium magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 4
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001252 Pd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002669 PdNi Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052772 Samarium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [B].[Fe].[Nd] Chemical compound [B].[Fe].[Nd] QJVKUMXDEUEQLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002816 nickel compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002203 pretreatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000938 samarium–cobalt magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F41/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties
- H01F41/02—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets
- H01F41/0253—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets
- H01F41/026—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing or assembling magnets, inductances or transformers; Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing materials characterised by their magnetic properties for manufacturing cores, coils, or magnets for manufacturing permanent magnets protecting methods against environmental influences, e.g. oxygen, by surface treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
- C25D3/567—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of platinum group metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
- H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
- H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
- H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
- H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
- H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
- H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
- H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
- H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a protected against corrosion by electrolytic coating, Permanent magnets containing rare earths.
- the object of the present invention is now a coating method specify where this type of surface damage of rare earth permanent magnets is avoided or reduced to a minimum.
- the method according to the invention thus produces magnets whose Corrosion resistance with known, nickel-coated Magnets is comparable, however - especially at small magnet dimensions - much better magnet values results.
- NdFeB magnets measuring 11 x 9 x 3 mm with a preferred direction of 11 mm at a current density of 0.5 A / dm 2 were electroplated with a palladium-nickel alloy, the palladium content of which was 75%. The average layer thickness was 9 ⁇ m. The degree of surface damage was determined by measurement on three of these sample magnets. The result shows that the thickness of the damaged layer for the PdNi-coated magnets was 12.5 ⁇ m, while damage of 19.5 ⁇ m and 32.5 ⁇ m for nickel were measured for the same coating with tin. Examination of these magnets shows microcracks along the grain boundaries and showed that the magnets with a palladium-nickel coating had almost crack-free surfaces. Cracks were local up to max. one grain layer long. A comparison with tin-coated permanent magnets showed that up to two grain layers were continuously damaged, while with the nickel coating two grain layers on the edges and four on the pole face were recognized as damaged.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electroplating Methods And Accessories (AREA)
- Manufacturing Cores, Coils, And Magnets (AREA)
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Description
Claims (6)
- Verfahren zur Herstellung eines durch elektrolytische Beschichtung korrosionsgeschützten, Seltene Erden enthaltenden Dauermagneten, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Dauermagnet mit einer überwiegend Palladium (Pd) enthaltenden Legierung beschichtet wird und daß als Elektrolyt ein alkalisches, Pd- enthaltendes Bad verwendet wird, dessen Stromausbeute größer als 85 % ist.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Dauermagnet mit einer Palladium-Nickel-Legierung beschichtet wird, die einen Palladium-Anteil von 60 bis 80 % besitzt.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schichtstärke auf einen Wert von größer 8 µm eingestellt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß für die Beschichtung des Dauermagneten ein Elektrolyt mit den folgenden Hauptbestandteilen verwendet wird: Pd(NH3)4Cl2, NiCl2, NH4Cl, NH4OH und daß zur Abscheidung eine Stromdichte im Elektrolyten im Bereich von 1 bis 100 A/m2 eingestellt wird.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die zu beschichtenden Magnete als Schüttgut (Korb, Trommel) in den Elektrolyten eingebracht werden.
- Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß es zur Beschichtung von Dauermagneten des Typs NdFeB verwendet wird.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE19512888 | 1995-04-06 | ||
| DE19512888A DE19512888A1 (de) | 1995-04-06 | 1995-04-06 | Verfahren zur elektrolytischen Beschichtung von Seltene Erden enthaltenden Dauermagneten mit minimaler Oberflächenschädigung |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0736884A2 EP0736884A2 (de) | 1996-10-09 |
| EP0736884A3 EP0736884A3 (de) | 1996-11-06 |
| EP0736884B1 true EP0736884B1 (de) | 1999-11-17 |
Family
ID=7758935
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP96103556A Expired - Lifetime EP0736884B1 (de) | 1995-04-06 | 1996-03-06 | Verfahren zur elektrolytischen Beschichtung von Seltene Erden enthaltenden Dauermagneten mit minimaler Oberflächenschädigung |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0736884B1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE19512888A1 (de) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9905345B2 (en) | 2015-09-21 | 2018-02-27 | Apple Inc. | Magnet electroplating |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE29903607U1 (de) * | 1999-02-28 | 2000-04-13 | Maco GmbH, 55118 Mainz | NdFeB-Magnete |
| AT516876B1 (de) * | 2015-03-09 | 2016-11-15 | Ing W Garhöfer Ges M B H | Abscheidung von dekorativen Palladium-Eisen-Legierungsbeschichtungen auf metallischen Substanzen |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4564426A (en) * | 1985-04-15 | 1986-01-14 | International Business Machines Corporation | Process for the deposition of palladium-nickel alloy |
| JPH0283905A (ja) * | 1988-09-20 | 1990-03-26 | Sumitomo Special Metals Co Ltd | 耐食性永久磁石およびその製造方法 |
-
1995
- 1995-04-06 DE DE19512888A patent/DE19512888A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1996
- 1996-03-06 DE DE59603648T patent/DE59603648D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1996-03-06 EP EP96103556A patent/EP0736884B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9905345B2 (en) | 2015-09-21 | 2018-02-27 | Apple Inc. | Magnet electroplating |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE19512888A1 (de) | 1996-10-10 |
| DE59603648D1 (de) | 1999-12-23 |
| EP0736884A3 (de) | 1996-11-06 |
| EP0736884A2 (de) | 1996-10-09 |
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