EP0731446A1 - Vorrichtung mit Mikroprocessor zur Auswahl und Erkennung von Musikstücken - Google Patents

Vorrichtung mit Mikroprocessor zur Auswahl und Erkennung von Musikstücken Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0731446A1
EP0731446A1 EP95830083A EP95830083A EP0731446A1 EP 0731446 A1 EP0731446 A1 EP 0731446A1 EP 95830083 A EP95830083 A EP 95830083A EP 95830083 A EP95830083 A EP 95830083A EP 0731446 A1 EP0731446 A1 EP 0731446A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
notes
recognition
musical
piece
inputted
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95830083A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0731446B1 (de
Inventor
Giovanni Antonio Giudici
Maurizio Galanti
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Generalmusic SpA
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Generalmusic SpA
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Publication date
Application filed by Generalmusic SpA filed Critical Generalmusic SpA
Priority to DE1995621597 priority Critical patent/DE69521597T2/de
Priority to EP19950830083 priority patent/EP0731446B1/de
Publication of EP0731446A1 publication Critical patent/EP0731446A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0731446B1 publication Critical patent/EP0731446B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
    • G10H1/0033—Recording/reproducing or transmission of music for electrophonic musical instruments
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
    • G10H2240/00—Data organisation or data communication aspects, specifically adapted for electrophonic musical tools or instruments
    • G10H2240/121—Musical libraries, i.e. musical databases indexed by musical parameters, wavetables, indexing schemes using musical parameters, musical rule bases or knowledge bases, e.g. for automatic composing methods
    • G10H2240/131—Library retrieval, i.e. searching a database or selecting a specific musical piece, segment, pattern, rule or parameter set
    • G10H2240/141—Library retrieval matching, i.e. any of the steps of matching an inputted segment or phrase with musical database contents, e.g. query by humming, singing or playing; the steps may include, e.g. musical analysis of the input, musical feature extraction, query formulation, or details of the retrieval process

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a microprocessor device for the selection and recognition of musical pieces.
  • the present invention proposes to obviate the technical problems described above, by providing a microprocessor device for the selection and recognition of musical pieces, which without regard to the musical ability of the operator, and automatically and rapidly can identify a piece of music on the basis of evidence and supply of a minimum of constituent notes thereof, as well as independently of the octaves and key in which the piece is played.
  • 1 denotes a microphone which is used to pick up the musical sources playing a piece.
  • a pitch-to-MIDI type tone/note convertor 2 connected to the microphone 1 generates musical notes: a midi interface 3 is connectable to any musical instrument 11, while 4 denotes a keyboard able to generate any type of musical piece.
  • a command panel 5 is placed between the means for performing musical pieces 10 and the means for generating 2, 3 and 4, which command panel 5 exhibits, among other things, a switch 5a permitting a deviation from a first contact A to a second contact B.
  • the command panel 5 is governed by a microprocessor 6 of a sort which is always present in any electronic musical instrument or organ of sound reproduction.
  • the microprocessor 6, through its own actuation means (not illustrated), determines a commutation from said first contact A to said second contact B.
  • a recognition microprocessor 7 compares the inputting musical notes from the means for generating 2, 3 and 4 with libraries 9 containing a plurality of archives in encoded form relating to musical pieces.
  • a display 8 visualizes the title of the piece and the operator can also observe the selection procedure as it happens.
  • the means for generating 2, 3 and 4 are used to generate a sequence of musical notes, which are then compared to the pieces resident in the libraries 9 of the recognition microprocessor 7, to verify whether the piece requested by the operator is included therein.
  • the recognition microprocessor 7, together with the libraries 9, represent a means for logically discriminating with which a logical comparison between the digitalized musical notes inputting from the means for generating 2, 3 and 4 and those present in the libraries 9 can be made such as to make a preliminary selection and recognition in real time of memorized musical pieces which include the notes sent on from the means for generating 2, 3 and 4.
  • Said means for logically discriminating provide for a sequential plurality of procedural phases, divided as hereinbelow.
  • Each musical piece is characterised by a recognition pattern, which is an encoding of a sequence of notes identifying that particular piece.
  • the recognition microprocessor 7 By means of the recognition microprocessor 7 a search is made in the libraries 9 for a piece having an identical recognition pattern to the inputting sequence. If a pattern recognition occurs, the musical piece is considered to have been recognised and is sent to the means for performing musical pieces 10, constituted by a musical instrument, to be played. If no exact pattern recognition occurs, the recognition microprocessor 7, by means of an evaluating program, identifies the most similar piece in the libraries to the inputting piece. When a piece is recognised, its title is flashed up on the display 8.
  • the operator can decide, through the command panel 5, when recognition or approximate recognition has taken place, whether to command a playthrough of the piece.
  • the invention includes a particularly original solution for identifying pieces independently of the octaves and keys in which they are inputted.
  • Each note is labelled with a MIDI code number by the recognition microprocessor 7; said number is well defined and normalized, being the remainder of the MIDI numerical code after division thereof by twelve (twelve being the number of notes in a musical octave).
  • the value attributed to said note is 8, being the remainder of 56 divided by 12.
  • the recognition microprocessor 7 when the inputted notes are read in order to search for the desired musical piece, calculates the algebraic difference between the "normalized" values of a note and the succeeding note.
  • Each element thus calculated can take on values which range from minus 11 to plus 11, since each note exhibits normalized values from 0 to 11.
  • Each element of the array is represented by one byte which, as indicated above, belongs to a range of values included between - 11 and + 11.
  • the pattern of recognition thus consists of a numerical sequence of values representing the difference between one note and the next.
  • the true definition is performed by using a program based on two single-dimension arrays as follows:
  • the patterns generated by the means for generating 2, 3 and 4 are compared two at a time; and this first array is labelled by a word, that is, by eight bits.
  • a routine known as "read inputs" is provided in the array search.
  • This routine contains three subroutines each having the aim of analysing the inputting notes coming from the sources; that is, keyboard 4, the interface 3, and the tone/note convertor 2.
  • the recognition microprocessor 7 begins to scan all pieces present in the libraries 9, and memorizes all those which correspond to the inputted piece: this is done through a first-search subroutine.
  • this comparison is repeated by means of a next-search subroutine for all the further notes transmitted by the means for generating 2, 3 and 4.
  • the means for logically discriminating represented by the sequential procedures of the combination of the recognition microprocessor 7 and the libraries 9 permits the sending, through the swich 5a, of a series of notes represented by a musical passage defined by one of the means for generating 2, 3 and 4, with the aim of determining a comparison between said libraries 9 in accordance with a procedural sequence with envisages the analysis of two notes at a time, obviously digitalised, coming from said means for generating 2, 3 and 4, and a comparison between the pattern of recognition of said notes represented as a sequence of encoded numbers identified by the difference between an encoded note and the next note, and a pattern of recognition represented by the corresponding notes of memorized musical pieces.
  • Said procedures also comprise a reading of said notes, a selective search to identify said pattern of recognitions, as well as the continuance of said search up until the search array provides a single identification among the patterns. If this correspondence is exact, a song status recognised message is given, which can then be played by the instruments 10; if this recognition is not achieved, there is a song status not recognised message and the piece is not played; if more than one pattern is recognised, a song status selected message is received envisaging a min error, that is, recognition of a piece with a smallest number of errors in accordance with a determined tolerance with respect to the reference piece.
  • the procedure comprises a sequential search which begins with a routine called a first search, continues with a further subroutine called next search and terminates with a subroutine called exit recogn, with which the program managing all of the above phases identifies either an error condition or and identification condition.
  • This procedure envisages a well-defined margin of error, speeds up selection and recognition, and eliminates operator error.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Electrophonic Musical Instruments (AREA)
EP19950830083 1995-03-08 1995-03-08 Vorrichtung mit Mikroprocessor zur Auswahl und Erkennung von Musikstücken Expired - Lifetime EP0731446B1 (de)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE1995621597 DE69521597T2 (de) 1995-03-08 1995-03-08 Vorrichtung mit Mikroprocessor zur Auswahl und Erkennung von Musikstücken
EP19950830083 EP0731446B1 (de) 1995-03-08 1995-03-08 Vorrichtung mit Mikroprocessor zur Auswahl und Erkennung von Musikstücken

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP19950830083 EP0731446B1 (de) 1995-03-08 1995-03-08 Vorrichtung mit Mikroprocessor zur Auswahl und Erkennung von Musikstücken

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0731446A1 true EP0731446A1 (de) 1996-09-11
EP0731446B1 EP0731446B1 (de) 2001-07-04

Family

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Family Applications (1)

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EP19950830083 Expired - Lifetime EP0731446B1 (de) 1995-03-08 1995-03-08 Vorrichtung mit Mikroprocessor zur Auswahl und Erkennung von Musikstücken

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EP (1) EP0731446B1 (de)
DE (1) DE69521597T2 (de)

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0944033A1 (de) * 1998-03-19 1999-09-22 Tomonari Sonoda Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Wiederauffinden von Melodien
WO2002008943A2 (en) * 2000-07-21 2002-01-31 Cddb, Inc. Method and system for finding match in database related to waveforms
FR2815760A1 (fr) * 2000-10-24 2002-04-26 Philippe Ecrement Procede de constitution d'un signal numerique representatif d'un signal sonore et procede de reconnaissance d'un signal sonore
EP1247214A1 (de) * 2000-01-06 2002-10-09 Mark Woo Musiksuchmaschine
EP1417584A1 (de) * 2001-07-20 2004-05-12 Audible Magic Corporation Playlist-erzeugungsverfahren und vorrichtung
EP1449103A1 (de) * 2001-10-23 2004-08-25 Audible Magic Corporation Verfahren und vorrichtung zum identifizieren von neuem media-inhalt
US7363278B2 (en) 2001-04-05 2008-04-22 Audible Magic Corporation Copyright detection and protection system and method
US7500007B2 (en) 2000-02-17 2009-03-03 Audible Magic Corporation Method and apparatus for identifying media content presented on a media playing device
US8130746B2 (en) 2004-07-28 2012-03-06 Audible Magic Corporation System for distributing decoy content in a peer to peer network
US8332326B2 (en) 2003-02-01 2012-12-11 Audible Magic Corporation Method and apparatus to identify a work received by a processing system
EP2688063A3 (de) * 2012-07-18 2014-08-20 Yamaha Corporation Tonfolgeanalyseverfahren
US9608824B2 (en) 2012-09-25 2017-03-28 Audible Magic Corporation Using digital fingerprints to associate data with a work
US9785757B2 (en) 2007-07-27 2017-10-10 Audible Magic Corporation System for identifying content of digital data

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7562012B1 (en) 2000-11-03 2009-07-14 Audible Magic Corporation Method and apparatus for creating a unique audio signature
US7529659B2 (en) 2005-09-28 2009-05-05 Audible Magic Corporation Method and apparatus for identifying an unknown work
US8199651B1 (en) 2009-03-16 2012-06-12 Audible Magic Corporation Method and system for modifying communication flows at a port level

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4745836A (en) * 1985-10-18 1988-05-24 Dannenberg Roger B Method and apparatus for providing coordinated accompaniment for a performance
EP0372678A2 (de) * 1988-12-05 1990-06-13 Tsumura Mihoji Vorrichtung zur Wiedergabe von Musik und zur Anzeige von Worten
WO1991017540A1 (en) * 1990-05-02 1991-11-14 Broadcast Data Systems Limited Partnership Signal recognition system and method
US5218153A (en) * 1990-08-30 1993-06-08 Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Technique for selecting a chord progression for a melody
US5250745A (en) * 1991-07-31 1993-10-05 Ricos Co., Ltd. Karaoke music selection device

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4745836A (en) * 1985-10-18 1988-05-24 Dannenberg Roger B Method and apparatus for providing coordinated accompaniment for a performance
EP0372678A2 (de) * 1988-12-05 1990-06-13 Tsumura Mihoji Vorrichtung zur Wiedergabe von Musik und zur Anzeige von Worten
WO1991017540A1 (en) * 1990-05-02 1991-11-14 Broadcast Data Systems Limited Partnership Signal recognition system and method
US5218153A (en) * 1990-08-30 1993-06-08 Casio Computer Co., Ltd. Technique for selecting a chord progression for a melody
US5250745A (en) * 1991-07-31 1993-10-05 Ricos Co., Ltd. Karaoke music selection device

Cited By (24)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0944033A1 (de) * 1998-03-19 1999-09-22 Tomonari Sonoda Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Wiederauffinden von Melodien
EP1247214A1 (de) * 2000-01-06 2002-10-09 Mark Woo Musiksuchmaschine
EP1247214A4 (de) * 2000-01-06 2003-04-02 Mark Woo Musiksuchmaschine
US10194187B2 (en) 2000-02-17 2019-01-29 Audible Magic Corporation Method and apparatus for identifying media content presented on a media playing device
US7500007B2 (en) 2000-02-17 2009-03-03 Audible Magic Corporation Method and apparatus for identifying media content presented on a media playing device
WO2002008943A2 (en) * 2000-07-21 2002-01-31 Cddb, Inc. Method and system for finding match in database related to waveforms
WO2002008943A3 (en) * 2000-07-21 2002-07-25 Cddb Inc Method and system for finding match in database related to waveforms
FR2815760A1 (fr) * 2000-10-24 2002-04-26 Philippe Ecrement Procede de constitution d'un signal numerique representatif d'un signal sonore et procede de reconnaissance d'un signal sonore
US7363278B2 (en) 2001-04-05 2008-04-22 Audible Magic Corporation Copyright detection and protection system and method
US7711652B2 (en) 2001-04-05 2010-05-04 Audible Magic Corporation Copyright detection and protection system and method
EP1417584A1 (de) * 2001-07-20 2004-05-12 Audible Magic Corporation Playlist-erzeugungsverfahren und vorrichtung
US8972481B2 (en) 2001-07-20 2015-03-03 Audible Magic, Inc. Playlist generation method and apparatus
EP1417584A4 (de) * 2001-07-20 2006-07-26 Audible Magic Corp Playlist-erzeugungsverfahren und vorrichtung
US10025841B2 (en) 2001-07-20 2018-07-17 Audible Magic, Inc. Play list generation method and apparatus
EP1449103A1 (de) * 2001-10-23 2004-08-25 Audible Magic Corporation Verfahren und vorrichtung zum identifizieren von neuem media-inhalt
EP1449103A4 (de) * 2001-10-23 2007-03-14 Audible Magic Corp Verfahren und vorrichtung zum identifizieren von neuem media-inhalt
US8332326B2 (en) 2003-02-01 2012-12-11 Audible Magic Corporation Method and apparatus to identify a work received by a processing system
US8130746B2 (en) 2004-07-28 2012-03-06 Audible Magic Corporation System for distributing decoy content in a peer to peer network
US9785757B2 (en) 2007-07-27 2017-10-10 Audible Magic Corporation System for identifying content of digital data
US10181015B2 (en) 2007-07-27 2019-01-15 Audible Magic Corporation System for identifying content of digital data
US9087500B2 (en) 2012-07-18 2015-07-21 Yamaha Corporation Note sequence analysis apparatus
EP2688063A3 (de) * 2012-07-18 2014-08-20 Yamaha Corporation Tonfolgeanalyseverfahren
US9608824B2 (en) 2012-09-25 2017-03-28 Audible Magic Corporation Using digital fingerprints to associate data with a work
US10698952B2 (en) 2012-09-25 2020-06-30 Audible Magic Corporation Using digital fingerprints to associate data with a work

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE69521597T2 (de) 2002-07-11
EP0731446B1 (de) 2001-07-04
DE69521597D1 (de) 2001-08-09

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