EP0730666B1 - Dispositif de chargement d'un four a cuve - Google Patents

Dispositif de chargement d'un four a cuve Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0730666B1
EP0730666B1 EP95901392A EP95901392A EP0730666B1 EP 0730666 B1 EP0730666 B1 EP 0730666B1 EP 95901392 A EP95901392 A EP 95901392A EP 95901392 A EP95901392 A EP 95901392A EP 0730666 B1 EP0730666 B1 EP 0730666B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hopper
upper hopper
bell
sealing
discharge opening
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95901392A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0730666A1 (fr
Inventor
Emile Lonardi
Gilbert Bernard
Marc Solvi
Guy Thillen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Paul Wurth SA
Original Assignee
Paul Wurth SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Paul Wurth SA filed Critical Paul Wurth SA
Publication of EP0730666A1 publication Critical patent/EP0730666A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0730666B1 publication Critical patent/EP0730666B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B1/00—Shaft or like vertical or substantially vertical furnaces
    • F27B1/10—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
    • F27B1/20—Arrangements of devices for charging
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
    • C21B7/18—Bell-and-hopper arrangements

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for loading a shaft furnace. It relates more particularly to a device for loading a shaft furnace comprising two superimposed hoppers, the lower hopper of which is provided with a bell which is capable of closing, in the closed position, the discharge opening from the lower hopper towards the shaft furnace and, in the open position, to distribute the loading material on the loading surface.
  • Conventional loading devices of a shaft furnace in particular of a blast furnace, generally comprise a lower bell of large diameter and an upper bell of smaller diameter.
  • the two bells are fitted to a lower hopper which forms an airlock for loading the shaft furnace.
  • the large bell seals against the shaft furnace and distributes the loading material over the loading surface.
  • the small bell seals against an upper hopper which is directly in communication with the atmosphere.
  • This upper hopper which is fed by skip elevators, is normally a rotary hopper in order to ensure a more symmetrical supply of the loading airlock.
  • This upper hopper which is fed by skip elevators, is normally a rotary hopper in order to ensure a more symmetrical supply of the loading airlock.
  • the upper rotary hopper is connected in leaktight manner, using a second rotary seal, to a fixed cap provided with two supply boxes for skip elevators. These supply boxes are fitted with upper sealing valves.
  • the lower closure means of the rotary hopper essentially comprise a bell which is movable in the axis of the oven below the rotary hopper, between an upper position closing a discharge opening and a lower position, in which it releases an annular discharge opening and is directly located in the material flow. To this end, the upper bell is suspended from a sleeve surrounding the suspension rod of the lower bell.
  • the loading device described above naturally allows, thanks to its upper rotary hopper, to avoid significant symmetry defects in the loading of the shaft furnace. However, it does not make it possible to satisfactorily resolve the sealing problems, especially if the shaft furnace works at high pressures.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a device for loading a shaft furnace, with two superimposed hoppers and lower bell (or large bell), which makes it possible to attenuate the influence of an asymmetrical loading of the upper hopper. on the distribution of the loading material by the lower bell, while creating more favorable premises for the execution of a sealing with high sealing between the upper hopper and the lower hopper.
  • the lower sealing means connected between the lower hopper and the upper hopper, are arranged so that they release, in their open position, a central free passage substantially coaxial with the axis of the oven. to tank, so the material flow is established in the form of a compact and focused flow of material below the upper hopper.
  • the means for vertically moving the lower bell are arranged outside the space occupied by this compact flow of material. In the trajectory of the compact material flow is arranged, above the lower bell at a place where the focusing of the material flow is finished or almost finished, a surface of deflection This deflection surface causes the focused flow above the lower bell to diverge or explode.
  • the lower closure means release, in their open position, a central free passage substantially coaxial with the axis of the furnace.
  • a compact flow of material is thus established between the upper hopper and the lower hopper, which is less influenced by asymmetries in the loading profile in the upper hopper than a radially expanded flow.
  • this central flow from the upper hopper converges the trajectories of the particles of matter around the axis of the shaft furnace and tends by this focusing of the trajectories of the particles to weaken the initial asymmetries in the spatial distribution of matter particles.
  • the smaller the angle at the top of the flow cone of the upper hopper the better the focusing result obtained.
  • the sealing bell which is located directly below a discharge opening, on the other hand causes an immediate expansion of the material flow and thus causes the trajectories of the material particles to diverge as soon as their first acceleration by gravity.
  • a focusing of the trajectories around the central axis cannot occur and the immediate expansion of the flow tends to accentuate the initial asymmetries in the spatial distribution of these particles of matter around the central axis.
  • a discharge section for a compact central flow has a smaller perimeter than a discharge section for an expanded annular flow.
  • the perimeter of this discharge section directly determines the minimum length of the joint between the upper hopper and the lower sealed closure element.
  • the joint whose sealing must be ensured may be shorter in the case of a central discharge opening, only in the case of an annular discharge opening.
  • the smallest possible dimension of a discharge opening must necessarily be a multiple (k) of the largest dimension of the particles of material to be discharged (DMAX).
  • annular discharge opening for example between a sealing bell and the lower edge of the upper hopper
  • central discharge opening for example circular
  • Another advantage of the device according to the invention is that, in their respective open position, the lower sealing means are located outside said axial passage in which the flow of material is established in the form of a compact flow. matter. It follows that these sealing means, and in particular the sealing surfaces on these sealing means, are not subjected to abrasion work by the compact flow of material flowing from the upper hopper.
  • the means for vertically moving the lower bell are also arranged outside the space occupied by the compact flow of material, the convergence of the trajectories of the particles around the axis of the shaft furnace is not disturbed by any element of the proposed loading device, before hitting the deflection surface. It is therefore a focused compact flow which strikes the deflection surface located above the lower bell.
  • the essential function of this deflection surface is to burst or diverge the focused compact flow of material above the bell and to distribute the material with symmetry of revolution on the lower bell.
  • This deflection surface can therefore be specially designed for this function, ignoring any additional constraints.
  • the geometry of this surface can thus be chosen so as to favor, for example, a burst with symmetry of revolution of the compact flow of material.
  • the mechanical structure supporting this surface and the materials used for its construction can be adapted to the specific requirements resulting exclusively from its function as a deflection surface, without having to find compromises with regard to additional functions (such as for example sealing and sealing functions).
  • the lower closure means connected between the lower hopper and the upper hopper could naturally comprise a single closure member, which ensures both the retention of the material in the upper hopper and the seal between the lower hopper and the hopper superior.
  • these lower sealing means comprise a sealing member located downstream of a material retaining member. To unload the upper hopper into the lower hopper, the sealing member is first moved to its open position, outside said central free passage for the compact flow of material, before moving the material retaining member. in its respective open position. It follows that the sealing member is already in its open position when the material flow begins to flow. The sealing member is therefore never in contact with the material flowing from the upper hopper.
  • the sealing member advantageously comprises a flexible seal.
  • a seal is obtained which is far superior to that obtained with a conventional bell, which necessarily involves a seal of the metal on metal type.
  • This improved seal allows working at higher pressures in the shaft furnace, without increasing leakage at the loading device. It will be appreciated that this creates a loading device with a lower bell which includes for the first time a loading airlock which can be truly qualified as waterproof with respect to the shaft furnace.
  • This high tightness of the upper hopper relative to the shaft furnace allows in particular a controlled purging of the gases from the latter, when the lower and upper sealing members are closed. This is a considerable advantage given the increasingly stringent requirements with regard to environmental pollution.
  • the sealing member is preferably, but not necessarily, a sealing valve installed below the upper hopper.
  • a sealing valve installed below the upper hopper.
  • Such a valve has, among other things, the advantage of being more easily accessible and removable.
  • said material retaining member comprises several shutter members symmetrical with respect to the axis of the furnace and means for moving these shutter elements symmetrically with respect to the axis of the furnace, so as to create a central opening around the axis of the oven. It follows that the material flow in the form of a compact flow is from the start coaxial with the axis of the furnace and that the passage section for the material can be modified.
  • the material retaining member may however also include a closure bell which is movable inside the hopper between a lower position for closing a discharge opening and an upper raised position, in which it releases the said opening. discharge opening.
  • this bell advantageously influences the homogeneity of the flow of the material inside the hopper.
  • this raised position it reduces the phenomenon of segregation of solid particles according to their particle size.
  • the deflection surface advantageously forms a cone of revolution, the apex of which is directed towards the upper hopper and the axis of which is coaxial with the axis of the flow of solid material.
  • This shape of the deflection surface causes a gradual bursting of the compact flow and promotes the establishment of a symmetry of revolution with regard to all of the trajectories of the deflected particles.
  • the cone of revolution is advantageously provided with guide fins which extend from the top towards the base of the cone, so as to define flow channels for the material along this last.
  • the deflection surface can be supported above the lower bell so as to be able to modify from the outside of the oven its arrangement in the compact material flow.
  • a cone of revolution which is supported so as to be able to impose on it a horizontal displacement.
  • a cone of revolution which is supported so as to be able to impose on it from the outside of the oven a variable inclination.
  • FIGs 1 and 2 a loading device 10 according to the invention, which is mounted above a tank furnace, for example a blast furnace, identified by the reference 12.
  • This loading device 10 comprises a lower closed hopper 14.
  • the lower hopper 14 defines a discharge opening 16 of large diameter, which is centered on the axis 18 of the shaft furnace 12.
  • This discharge opening 16 is closable by a large bell 20 (or lower bell 20 ), which is shown in the closed position resting on a peripheral edge 22 of the discharge opening 16 of the lower hopper 14.
  • the large bell 20 is lowered vertically, so define with the peripheral edge 22 an annular space with symmetry of revolution through which the lower hopper 14 can be unloaded on the loading surface of the shaft furnace (not shown).
  • the large bell 20 is provided at its upper part with two lateral support arms 24, 26 by means of which it is supported by two jacks 28, 30. These jacks 28, 30 are mounted on an upper carcass 32 of the lower hopper 14. Their actuator rod enters the hopper 14, so as to be able to move the large bell 20 axially from its closed position to its open position and vice versa.
  • an upper hopper 34 which has a much smaller angle at the top than the lower hopper 14.
  • This upper hopper 34 is supplied in a known manner by two skip elevators 36 and 36 '.
  • the upper hopper 34 is provided at its upper part with two open supply boxes 38 and 38 'which are each equipped with a sealing valve 40 and 40', hereinafter called upper sealing valves 40 and 40 '.
  • the upper sealing valve 40 is shown in the closed position in which it isolates the upper closed hopper 34 in a sealed manner from the supply boxes 38 and 38 '; while the sealing valve 40 'is shown in the open position in front of an inspection opening 42' in the upper hopper 34.
  • the reference 44 in FIG. 1 identifies an actuation mechanism which makes it possible to pivot the valve d 'upper seal 40 from its open position to its closed position and apply it firmly against its seat.
  • the upper closed hopper 34 is connected by a sealed sleeve 46 to the lower hopper 14.
  • a sealing valve 48 In this sealed sleeve 46 is installed a sealing valve 48, below a discharge opening 50 which is defined, in the axis 18 of the shaft furnace, through the lower end of the hopper flow cone 34.
  • This sealing valve 48 comprises: a seat 52, surrounding the discharge opening 50 and defining a surface of sealing directed towards the hopper 14; a shutter member 54, preferably provided with a flexible seal; a support arm 55 of the shutter member 54; and an actuating mechanism 56 of the shutter member 54.
  • Figure 2 we see the shutter member 54 in the lateral position relative to the discharge opening 50.
  • the shutter member and its support arm 56 completely free the space located below the opening of discharge 50 and that the shutter member 54 is located opposite a visit opening 58 in the sealed sleeve 46.
  • the actuation mechanism 56 allows the shutter member 54 to be pivoted, in the absence of a flow of material naturally, below the discharge opening 50 and to apply it along the axis 18 firmly with its flexible seal on the sealing surface of the seat 52.
  • a material retaining bell 60 which closes, in the lowered position, a passage section of the flow cone of the upper hopper 34 upstream of the seat 52.
  • the bell 60 is shown in dotted lines in the raised position in which it entirely frees the passage section 50. It will be noted that in this raised position the bell 60 only influences the flow of the material inside the hopper 34 upstream of the discharge opening 50. In addition, it contributes to reducing the phenomenon of segregation of the material as a function of its particle size.
  • the bell 60 is integral with a sleeve 62 which is suspended from a jack 64 mounted axially above the upper hopper 34.
  • a deflection surface is arranged, for example a deflection cone 66.
  • This cone 66 is oriented with its apex in the direction of the discharge opening 50 and is, at least in its normal position, coaxial with the central axis 18 of the shaft furnace. The function is to burst the compact flow of material flowing from the upper hopper 34.
  • the deflection cone 66 which is also easily removable and replaceable, is therefore manufactured using materials having good impact resistance and abrasion.
  • the deflection cone can for example be provided with guide fins which stretch from the top towards its base, defining between them material flow channels.
  • the cone can advantageously be rotated about the axis 18 of the shaft furnace.
  • the deflection cone 66 can for example be moved in a plane perpendicular to the axis 18.
  • the axis of the deflector cone 66 could also be inclined relative to the central axis 18 of the shaft furnace.
  • An orientable deflection surface therefore offers possibilities of influencing, almost at will, the distribution of the loading material on the loading surface of the shaft furnace 12.
  • Figures 3A, 3B and 4A, 4B compare a loading device according to the invention, shown in Figures 3A, 3B, to a conventional loading device, without rotary hopper, shown in Figures 4A, 4B.
  • the conventional device comprises a small bell 80 (or upper bell) which can be moved below the discharge opening 82 of the upper hopper 84.
  • the diameter of the discharge opening 82 is much larger than the diameter D of the discharge opening 50 in the device according to the invention of the Figures 3A, 3B. This is due to the fact that the width E of the annular space between the bell 80 and the lower edge of the hopper 84 must have a minimum value in order to avoid clogging by large particles of material.
  • Figures 3A and 4A show the beginning of the discharge of the two hoppers 34 and 84.
  • the loading profile in the hoppers 34 and 84 is highly asymmetrical. This asymmetry results from the loading by the skips 36, 36 '.
  • the bell 80 which serves both as a sealing member and as a material retaining member, deflects the paths of the particles of material already inside the hopper 84 to make them diverge radially with respect to the axis 18.
  • FIG. 4A which serves both as a sealing member and as a material retaining member
  • the flow cone defined by the upper hopper 34 converges the trajectories of the particles towards the axis 18, so that it s' establish at the outlet of the discharge section 50 a compact and homogenized flow, having an almost perfect symmetry of revolution. It is only at a distance h from the discharge opening 50, that is to say when the compact flux has already been established, that the focused flux is burst by the deflection surface 66.
  • Figure 7 shows another alternative embodiment of the deflection surface according to the invention.
  • the deflection surface 66 'does not have any symmetry of revolution, but it is suspended above the lower bell 20 so as to be able to rotate around the axis 18.
  • the suspension of this deflection surface 66 ' comprises for example a rolling ring 120 and a toothing of gear on this rolling ring which meshes with a pinion 124 of a drive motor 122.
  • the motor 122 is located outside the oven.
  • This drive mechanism is particularly simple and can be easily protected against the heat prevailing inside the oven. It will be appreciated that the execution with a rotating deflection surface makes it possible to distribute the focused material flow with an almost perfect symmetry of revolution on the lower bell 20.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)
  • Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
  • Blast Furnaces (AREA)
  • Filling Or Emptying Of Bunkers, Hoppers, And Tanks (AREA)
EP95901392A 1993-11-23 1994-11-17 Dispositif de chargement d'un four a cuve Expired - Lifetime EP0730666B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
LU88429 1993-11-23
LU88429A LU88429A1 (fr) 1993-11-23 1993-11-23 Dispositif de chargement d'un four à cuve
PCT/EP1994/003815 WO1995014793A1 (fr) 1993-11-23 1994-11-17 Dispositif de chargement d'un four a cuve

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0730666A1 EP0730666A1 (fr) 1996-09-11
EP0730666B1 true EP0730666B1 (fr) 1997-10-08

Family

ID=19731453

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95901392A Expired - Lifetime EP0730666B1 (fr) 1993-11-23 1994-11-17 Dispositif de chargement d'un four a cuve

Country Status (15)

Country Link
US (1) US5829968A (ro)
EP (1) EP0730666B1 (ro)
CN (1) CN1040773C (ro)
AU (1) AU1065795A (ro)
BR (1) BR9408149A (ro)
CZ (1) CZ285214B6 (ro)
DE (1) DE69406144T2 (ro)
HU (1) HU219525B (ro)
LU (1) LU88429A1 (ro)
PL (1) PL179699B1 (ro)
RO (1) RO117191B1 (ro)
RU (1) RU2134300C1 (ro)
SK (1) SK66396A3 (ro)
UA (1) UA41966C2 (ro)
WO (1) WO1995014793A1 (ro)

Families Citing this family (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
LU88429A1 (fr) * 1993-11-23 1995-07-10 Wurth Paul Sa Dispositif de chargement d'un four à cuve
US5851806A (en) * 1994-06-10 1998-12-22 Genvec, Inc. Complementary adenoviral systems and cell lines
RU2151804C1 (ru) * 1999-12-02 2000-06-27 Закрытое акционерное общество "Научно-производственный и коммерческий центр "ТОТЕМ" Устройство для загрузки шихты в шахтную печь
DE10334417A1 (de) * 2003-06-20 2005-01-05 Z & J Technologies Gmbh Ofenkopf bzw. Gichtverschluß
KR100800212B1 (ko) * 2006-08-02 2008-02-01 주식회사 실트론 단결정 성장 장치에 고체 원료를 공급하는 장치 및 방법
US8393281B1 (en) * 2008-02-27 2013-03-12 University Of Mississippi Particle feeder
CN102472578B (zh) * 2009-10-09 2014-07-02 新日铁工程技术株式会社 装入装置
CN101893371B (zh) * 2010-07-20 2011-12-07 中冶赛迪工程技术股份有限公司 一种料流装置
CN107826524A (zh) * 2017-10-31 2018-03-23 佛山宏发引力智能科技有限公司 一种储料仓锥斗均匀下料装置
LU100535B1 (en) 2017-12-07 2019-06-12 Wurth Paul Sa Charging system, in particular for a shaft smelt reduction furnace
WO2019126413A1 (en) * 2017-12-21 2019-06-27 Gtat Corporation Czochralski growth apparatus conversion assembly
CN109405532B (zh) * 2018-11-26 2024-03-19 中冶焦耐(大连)工程技术有限公司 一种竖窑布料时的动态封堵装置
CN114369695B (zh) * 2021-12-10 2023-05-12 太原理工大学建筑设计研究院有限公司 一种气基还原铁竖炉

Family Cites Families (13)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US1717828A (en) * 1926-04-21 1929-06-18 Baker David Blast-furnace top
FR1456819A (fr) * 1965-09-13 1966-07-08 Ct De Rech S De Pont A Mousson Dispositif perfectionné de chargement pour haut fourneau
US3606040A (en) * 1969-05-09 1971-09-20 Demag Ag Method of and apparatus for charging furnaces
LU60997A1 (ro) * 1970-05-27 1972-03-20
DE3323981C2 (de) * 1983-07-02 1986-10-02 Kernforschungsanlage Jülich GmbH, 5170 Jülich Verfahren zur Vergasung von Abfallflüssigkeiten, die organische Bestandteile enthalten und Schachtofen zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
LU85811A1 (fr) * 1985-03-15 1986-10-06 Wurth Paul Sa Installation de chargement d'un four a cuve
LU86335A1 (fr) * 1986-03-04 1987-11-11 Wurth Paul Sa Installation de chargement d'un four a cuve
LU86336A1 (fr) * 1986-03-04 1987-11-11 Wurth Paul Sa Installation de chargement d'un four a cuve
JPH01500359A (ja) * 1986-07-30 1989-02-09 ジダーノフスキ　メタルウルギチェスキー　インスティチュート 溶鉱炉用装入装置
DE3632724A1 (de) * 1986-09-26 1988-04-07 Gutehoffnungshuette Man Doppelschleusen-gichtverschluss fuer schachtoefen, insbesondere hochoefen
CN1008744B (zh) * 1986-12-19 1990-07-11 日丹诺夫冶金研究院 高炉的装料设备
LU87379A1 (fr) * 1988-11-09 1990-06-12 Wurth Paul Sa Installation de chargement d'un four a cuve
LU88429A1 (fr) * 1993-11-23 1995-07-10 Wurth Paul Sa Dispositif de chargement d'un four à cuve

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
UA41966C2 (uk) 2001-10-15
BR9408149A (pt) 1997-08-12
RO117191B1 (ro) 2001-11-30
HU9601386D0 (en) 1996-07-29
CN1135773A (zh) 1996-11-13
DE69406144T2 (de) 1998-03-05
AU1065795A (en) 1995-06-13
CN1040773C (zh) 1998-11-18
DE69406144D1 (de) 1997-11-13
PL314614A1 (en) 1996-09-16
WO1995014793A1 (fr) 1995-06-01
PL179699B1 (pl) 2000-10-31
CZ145196A3 (en) 1996-09-11
EP0730666A1 (fr) 1996-09-11
SK66396A3 (en) 1997-02-05
US5829968A (en) 1998-11-03
CZ285214B6 (cs) 1999-06-16
HUT76386A (en) 1997-08-28
LU88429A1 (fr) 1995-07-10
RU2134300C1 (ru) 1999-08-10
HU219525B (hu) 2001-04-28

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