EP0725897B1 - Piston compressor for gaseous media - Google Patents

Piston compressor for gaseous media Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0725897B1
EP0725897B1 EP95929103A EP95929103A EP0725897B1 EP 0725897 B1 EP0725897 B1 EP 0725897B1 EP 95929103 A EP95929103 A EP 95929103A EP 95929103 A EP95929103 A EP 95929103A EP 0725897 B1 EP0725897 B1 EP 0725897B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
piston
outlet
cylinder
valve
compressor
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
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EP95929103A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0725897A1 (en
Inventor
Helmut Thurner
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Magna BDW Technologies GmbH
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Magna BDW Technologies GmbH
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Publication of EP0725897A1 publication Critical patent/EP0725897A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/10—Adaptations or arrangements of distribution members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/0005—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 adaptations of pistons
    • F04B39/0016—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00 adaptations of pistons with valve arranged in the piston
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B49/00—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00
    • F04B49/12—Control, e.g. of pump delivery, or pump pressure of, or safety measures for, machines, pumps, or pumping installations, not otherwise provided for, or of interest apart from, groups F04B1/00 - F04B47/00 by varying the length of stroke of the working members
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05C—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO MATERIALS, MATERIAL PROPERTIES OR MATERIAL CHARACTERISTICS FOR MACHINES, ENGINES OR PUMPS OTHER THAN NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F05C2225/00—Synthetic polymers, e.g. plastics; Rubber
    • F05C2225/04—PTFE [PolyTetraFluorEthylene]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a piston compressor for gaseous media, especially one with an electric motor driven air piston compressor according to the preamble of Claim 1.
  • a pump of this type is from DE 33 33 329 known. Although the crankcase is open, it seals the pendulum piston used in this device in the cylinder completely. Inlet and outlet valves are located at the top. A different stroke is made by varying the crank arm achieved and the setting of the harmful space happens by alternately inserting spacers. Such Pump is unsuitable for the present purposes.
  • DE 23 11 048 describes a piston compressor as a small one Unit known that is used as a structural unit in motor vehicles is made available to compressed air for various purposes to provide, and largely such compressed air that not necessarily - as with air brakes - via one Compressed air reservoir is directed, but with the at the same time generation work, for example any Units such as windshield wipers or the like are driven or is introduced into an air suspension system.
  • air pressure accumulators can also be filled.
  • compressors are provided with pistons which the piston rod is fixed, that is connected without a joint, as this from the prior art (DE 23 11 048 or DE 36 16 968 A1).
  • the piston bends in the cylinder when and downward movement back and forth and with this type of construction it is not easy to specify top dead center constructively that all products are evenly distributed in series production Desired compression or harmful space.
  • the outlet element with an internal outlet valve centrically and thermally decoupled so that it is in any Position with the fixation of the screw connection between Cylinder and crankcase can be clamped.
  • the piston compressor shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a compressor housing 62 and a laterally connected housing 12 for an electric motor that drives the piston compressor serves.
  • the compressor housing 62 is through an electric motor opposite cover 64 closed.
  • the electric motor has a drive shaft 42 through which in the housing wall 62 arranged ball bearing 40 is mounted.
  • the shaft 42 closes in an eccentric 46.
  • a bearing 54 of a connecting rod 56 Located on the eccentric 46 a bearing 54 of a connecting rod 56.
  • the connecting rod 56 supports the bearing 54 at its lower end, whereby the bearing 54 circular by the rotation of the drive shaft 42 to be led.
  • the connecting rod 56 carries one at its other end hereby firmly connected piston 58, which in a cylinder 60 is arranged for reciprocation. In the drawn Position, the piston 58 is at its top dead center. The bottom dead center is indicated by dashed lines.
  • the cylinder 60 is threaded 66 at its lower end provided, by means of which it is screwed into a Opening 68 of the compressor housing 62 is screwed.
  • the opening 68 of the compressor housing 62 is formed so that the connecting rod 56 can move freely here, even with the lateral swiveling caused by the design of the fixed Connection between connecting rod 56 and piston 58 are conditional.
  • the Thread 66 of the cylinder 60 has a narrow pitch, so that the axial cylinder height can be set precisely.
  • the effective axial cylinder height With which the top dead center of the effective in the cylinder 60 Piston 58 can be adjusted.
  • the dashed below indicated lowest position of the piston 58 Area is not effective.
  • the effective axial cylinder height can by screwing the cylinder 60 into the opening 68 of the Compressor housing 62 can be changed.
  • a change in effective axial cylinder height also leads directly to a Change the so-called compression space or harmful Space V, which is due to the top dead center position of the piston 58th is defined.
  • This compression space V should be dimensioned in this way be that it corresponds to the minimum dead space volume, that the system has.
  • the optimal setting of the optimal Compression chamber is done manually during the test run of the piston compressor, so the change in operating behavior can be assessed immediately.
  • valve head 90 there is a space V above spring loaded exhaust valve in valve head 90.
  • This valve consists of a thin metal disc 92, which by a Spring 94 is normally pressed against a sealing ring 96 (see right part of the illustration in Fig. 2 above). At high Pressure opens the valve (left part of the illustration in Fig. 2 above) and there is a path 28 within an outlet head 26 to Outlet connector 20 free.
  • This outlet head 26 has two special features. To the one is freely rotatable in the valve head with loose screws 63 and thermally decoupled.
  • the thermal decoupling is made by two circular lines Support rings and an air gap 25 between the valve head 90 and the outlet head 26 achieved. This heats up the from Nozzle 20 escaping air in the last part of the compressor not in addition and the efficiency improves.
  • the piston compressor according to the invention enables manual Setting the compression space so that it can be used for different Applications, for example as a pump, vacuum pump, Compressed air source for passenger cars, air conditioning systems and the like It is thermally decoupled and provides maximum performance with limited Power consumption designed.
  • the piston compressor according to the invention is therefore particularly suitable for the exchange of electrically operated devices of the car against pneumatically operated units or especially for use in air suspension vehicles too their level or inclination control.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Compressor (AREA)
  • Compressors, Vaccum Pumps And Other Relevant Systems (AREA)

Abstract

A piston (58) is disclosed for piston compressors for compressing gaseous media, preferably air, having a piston rod that moves back and forth within a cylinder and is rigidly fixed to a piston provided with a passage for the gaseous medium to be sucked from the lower side of the piston. The passage further has an inlet valve that opens when the piston (58) moves downwards and closes when the piston moves upwards (58). This inlet valve consists of openings (80) made of several aligned parts and located in ring-shaped grooves arranged on both sides of main bodies (76) made of plastics. The top ring-shaped grooves may be covered by the ring-shaped valve lid (81).

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft einen Kolbenverdichter für gasförmige Medien, insbesondere einen mit einem Elektromotor angetriebenen Luft-Kolbenverdichter gemäß dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1. Eine Pumpe dieser Bauart ist aus der DE 33 33 329 bekannt. Obwohl das Kurbelgehäuse hierbei offen ist, dichtet der in dieser Vorrichtung benutzte Pendelkolben im Zylinder vollständig ab. Einlaß- und Auslaßventile sind oben angeordnet. Ein unterschiedlicher Hub wird durch Variieren des Kurbelarmes erzielt und die Einstellung des schädlichen Raumes geschieht durch wechselweises Einschieben von Distanzstücken. Eine derartige Pumpe ist für die vorliegenden Zwecke ungeeignet.The present invention relates to a piston compressor for gaseous media, especially one with an electric motor driven air piston compressor according to the preamble of Claim 1. A pump of this type is from DE 33 33 329 known. Although the crankcase is open, it seals the pendulum piston used in this device in the cylinder completely. Inlet and outlet valves are located at the top. A different stroke is made by varying the crank arm achieved and the setting of the harmful space happens by alternately inserting spacers. Such Pump is unsuitable for the present purposes.

Demgegenüber besteht die Aufgabe, einen kleinbauenden Kolbenverdichter hoher Leistung verfügbar zu machen, der in der Lage ist, innerhalb kurzer Zeit hohe Volumenströme zur Verfügung zu stellen. Da die elektrische Energie für den Antrieb an dem Bordnetz eines Kraftfahrzeuges entnommen werden soll, ist die Antriebsleistung begrenzt. Deshalb ist ein besonders guter Wirkungsgrad erforderlich. Dies wiederum bedingt einen Betrieb auf niedrigem Temperaturniveau. Insgesamt ergeben sich mehrere Teilaufgaben, deren Lösungen sich erfindungsgemäß zu einer Kombination verbinden.In contrast, there is the task of a small piston compressor to make high performance available in the High volume flows are available within a short time to deliver. Because the electrical energy for the drive to be taken from the on-board electrical system of a motor vehicle, the drive power is limited. That's why it's special good efficiency required. This in turn requires one Operation at low temperature level. Overall result several subtasks, the solutions according to the invention connect a combination.

Aus der DE 23 11 048 ist ein Kolbenverdichter als kleines Aggregat bekannt, das als Baueinheit in Kraftfahrzeuge eingesetzt wird, um Druckluft für verschiedene Zwecke zur Verfügung zu stellen, und zwar weitgehend eine solche Druckluft, die nicht notwendigerweise - wie bei Druckluftbremsen - über einen Druckluftspeicher geleitet wird, sondern mit der zugleich während der Erzeugung Arbeit geleistet, beispielsweise irgendwelche Aggregate wie Scheibenwischer o. ä. angetrieben werden oder in ein System einer Luftfederung eingeleitet wird. Selbstverständlich können auch Luftdruckspeicher aufgefüllt werden.DE 23 11 048 describes a piston compressor as a small one Unit known that is used as a structural unit in motor vehicles is made available to compressed air for various purposes to provide, and largely such compressed air that not necessarily - as with air brakes - via one Compressed air reservoir is directed, but with the at the same time generation work, for example any Units such as windshield wipers or the like are driven or is introduced into an air suspension system. Of course air pressure accumulators can also be filled.

Herkömmliche Kolbenverdichter sind so aufgebaut, daß der im Zylinder sich hin- und herbewegende Kolben eine obere Totpunktstellung aufweist, bei der das zu komprimierende Gas ein minimales Volumen hat. Der durch die obere Totpunktstellung des Kolbens definierte Verdichtungsraum bzw. Totraum soll zwar möglichst klein, aber auch genau definiert sein, um eine bestimmte Leistung ohne allzu hohe Stromaufnahme zu erbringen. Das Totraumvolumen kann jedoch nicht beliebig verkleinert werden, da es in Abhängigkeit von dem gewählten Verdichtertyp, der Temperatur und dem zu verdichtenden gasförmigen Medium eine Kompressibilitätsgrenze gibt, die nicht überschritten werden kann. Bei herkömmlichen Kolbenverdichtern kann diese Kompressibilitätsgrenze und das ihr entsprechende Totraumvolumen nicht präzise angegeben werden, da die bei der Herstellung von Kolbenverdichtern gegebenen Fertigungstoleranzen einen nicht vernachlässigbaren Fehler bei der Bestimmung dieser Grenze einführen. Außerdem sind derartige Verdichter mit Kolben versehen, die mit der Kolbenstange fest, das heißt ohne Gelenk verbunden sind, wie dies aus dem Stand der Technik (DE 23 11 048 oder DE 36 16 968 A1) hervorgeht. Der Kolben kantet im Zylinder bei der Auf- und Abwärtsbewegung hin und her und bei dieser Bauart ist es nicht einfach, den oberen Totpunkt konstruktiv so vorzugeben, daß in einer Serienfertigung alle Produkte gleichmäßig den gewünschten Verdichtungs- oder schädlichen Raum aufweisen. Conventional piston compressors are designed so that the Cylinder reciprocating pistons have a top dead center position has, in which the gas to be compressed has a minimal Volume. The by the top dead center position of the Piston-defined compression space or dead space should be as possible small, but also well-defined to a certain Performance without producing too much current. The dead space volume cannot be reduced arbitrarily, however it depending on the selected compressor type, the temperature and a compressibility limit for the gaseous medium to be compressed there that cannot be exceeded. With conventional reciprocating compressors, this compressibility limit can be exceeded and the corresponding dead space volume is not precise be given as the in the manufacture of piston compressors given manufacturing tolerances a not negligible Introduce errors in determining this limit. In addition, such compressors are provided with pistons which the piston rod is fixed, that is connected without a joint, as this from the prior art (DE 23 11 048 or DE 36 16 968 A1). The piston bends in the cylinder when and downward movement back and forth and with this type of construction it is not easy to specify top dead center constructively that all products are evenly distributed in series production Desired compression or harmful space.

Erfahrungsgemäß ist selbst in der Serienfertigung eine Einzeloptimierung erforderlich. Deshalb ist es vorteilhaft, die Teile zwar zusammenzufügen. Vor der Fixierung läßt sich jedoch der Verdichtungsraum oder der schädliche Raum dadurch leicht einzeln einstellen, daß der Zylinder sowie die Öffnung im Gehäuse mit einem sich entsprechenden Gewinde versehen sind. Diese Ausgestaltung ermöglicht es, den mit Gewinde versehenen Zylinder in die mit entsprechendem Gewinde versehene Öffnung des Verdichtergehäuses einzuschrauben. Bei Wahl einer genügend kleinen Gewindesteigung läßt sich somit eine beliebige wirksame axiale Zylinderhöhe präzise einstellen. Durch bestimmte Ausgestaltungen der Erfindung, die nachstehend in der Beschreibung der Zeichnung näher erläutert werden, läßt sich die durch Ausprobieren gefundene Einstellung fixieren. Diese Fixierung kann sogar mit einer weiteren Fixierung der Stellung des Auslaßorgans kombiniert werden.Experience has shown that even in series production there is an individual optimization required. That is why it is advantageous to use the parts to put together. Before fixing it, however The compression space or the harmful space is easily separated adjust the cylinder as well as the opening in the housing are provided with an appropriate thread. This configuration allows the threaded cylinder into the correspondingly threaded opening of the compressor housing screw in. If you choose a sufficiently small one Thread pitch can thus be any effective axial Adjust cylinder height precisely. Through certain configurations of the invention, which follows in the description of the Drawing can be explained in more detail, which can be tried out Fix found setting. This fixation can even with a further fixation of the position of the outlet member be combined.

Um mit den durch diese Optimierung im Kopf auftretenden thermischen Problemen zurechtzukommen und um zugleich die komprimierte Luft mit einem in seiner Abgaberichtung einstellbaren Auslaß für unterschiedliche Einbauten zur Verfügung zu stellen, ist das Auslaßorgan mit innenliegendem Auslaßventil zentrisch und thermisch entkoppelt so angeordnet, daß es in beliebiger Stellung mit der Fixierung der Schraubverbindung zwischen Zylinder und Kurbelgehäuse geklemmt werden kann.To deal with those that occur in the mind through this optimization to cope with thermal problems and at the same time the compressed air with an adjustable in its discharge direction Outlet for different installations available to be set, the outlet element with an internal outlet valve centrically and thermally decoupled so that it is in any Position with the fixation of the screw connection between Cylinder and crankcase can be clamped.

Weitere Einzelheiten der Erfindung lassen sich den Ansprüchen und der folgenden Beschreibung entnehmen. Einzelheiten, Merkmale, Vorteile und Anwendungsmöglichkeiten der vorliegenden Erfindung ergeben sich aus der Beschreibung eines zeichnerisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels.Further details of the invention can be found in the claims and the following description. Details, characteristics, Advantages and possible uses of the present Invention result from the description of a drawing illustrated embodiment.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische perspektivische Darstellung der Einheit aus einem erfindungsgemäßen Kolbenverdichter mit angeflanschtem Elektromotor, und
Fig. 2
im Schnitt einen Aufriß durch eine erfindungsgemäße Verdichtereinheit.
Show it:
Fig. 1
is a schematic perspective view of the unit from a piston compressor according to the invention with a flanged electric motor, and
Fig. 2
in section an elevation through a compressor unit according to the invention.

Der in Fig. 1 und 2 gezeigte Kolbenverdichter hat ein Verdichtergehäuse 62 und ein seitlich damit verbundenes Gehäuse 12 für einen Elektromotor, der als Antrieb des Kolbenverdichters dient. Das Verdichtergehäuse 62 ist durch einen dem Elektromotor gegenüberliegenden Deckel 64 verschlossen. Der Elektromotor weist eine Antriebswelle 42 auf, die durch ein in der Gehäusewand 62 angeordnetes Kugellager 40 gelagert wird. Die Welle 42 schließt in einem Exzenter 46 ab. An dem Exzenter 46 befindet sich ein Lager 54 eines Pleuels 56.The piston compressor shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has a compressor housing 62 and a laterally connected housing 12 for an electric motor that drives the piston compressor serves. The compressor housing 62 is through an electric motor opposite cover 64 closed. The electric motor has a drive shaft 42 through which in the housing wall 62 arranged ball bearing 40 is mounted. The shaft 42 closes in an eccentric 46. Located on the eccentric 46 a bearing 54 of a connecting rod 56.

Das Pleuel 56 trägt das Lager 54 an seinem unteren Ende, wobei das Lager 54 durch die Drehung der Antriebswelle 42 kreisförmig geführt wird. An seinem anderen Ende trägt das Pleuel 56 einen hiermit fest verbundenen Kolben 58, der in einem Zylinder 60 zur Hin- und Herbewegung angeordnet ist. In der eingezeichneten Stellung befindet sich der Kolben 58 in seinem oberen Totpunkt. Der untere Totpunkt ist gestrichelt angedeutet.The connecting rod 56 supports the bearing 54 at its lower end, whereby the bearing 54 circular by the rotation of the drive shaft 42 to be led. The connecting rod 56 carries one at its other end hereby firmly connected piston 58, which in a cylinder 60 is arranged for reciprocation. In the drawn Position, the piston 58 is at its top dead center. The bottom dead center is indicated by dashed lines.

Beim Betrieb des erfindungsgemäßen Kolbenverdichters wird das Pleuel 56 über die mit seinem unteren Kopf in Verbindung stehende Antriebswelle in eine kreisförmige Bewegung versetzt, während sein oberer Kopf mit dem Kolben 58 in dem Zylinder 60 hin- und hergeführt wird. Beim Aufwärtshub des Kolbens 58 wird dabei das im Zylinderraum befindliche Gas komprimiert, bis es einen Verdichtungsraum V einnimmt. Zu diesem Zeitpunkt oder kurz davor öffnet ein federbelastetes Auslaßventil 92, so daß das komprimierte Gas über einen Stutzen 20 abgeführt wird. Nach Erreichen der oberen Totpunktstellung des Kolbens 58 geht dieser in seinen Rückhub über, wobei über eine im Kurbelgehäuse 62 gebildete Ansaugöffnung 50 das zu komprimierende Gas zunächst in das Kurbelgehäuse 62 und nachfolgend durch Öffnungen 80 in der Unterseite 72 des Kolbens 58 in den oberen Zylinderraum eingesaugt wird. Bei Erreichen seiner unteren Totpunktstellung geht der Kolben in seinen Vorwärtshub über, wobei der Einsaugvorgang zum Ende kommt. Der Kolben 58 wirkt als Einlaßventil und hat kegelförmige Mantelflächen 76.When the piston compressor according to the invention is operating, this becomes Conrod 56 over the one connected to its lower head Driveshaft in a circular motion, while its upper head with the piston 58 in the cylinder 60 is brought back and forth. During the upward stroke of the piston 58 the gas in the cylinder chamber is compressed until it occupies a compression space V. At this time or just before that, a spring-loaded exhaust valve 92 opens, so that the compressed gas is discharged through a nozzle 20. After Reaching the top dead center position of the piston 58 goes this in its return stroke, with one in the crankcase 62 formed suction opening 50, the gas to be compressed first into the crankcase 62 and subsequently through openings 80 in the bottom 72 of the piston 58 in the upper cylinder space is sucked in. When it reaches its bottom dead center position the piston goes into its forward stroke, the suction process comes to an end. The piston 58 acts as an inlet valve and has conical outer surfaces 76.

Der Zylinder 60 ist an seinem unteren Ende mit einem Gewinde 66 versehen, vermittels dessen er in eine mit Gewinde versehene Öffnung 68 des Verdichtergehäuses 62 eingedreht wird. Die Öffnung 68 des Verdichtergehäuses 62 ist so gebildet, daß sich das Pleuel 56 frei hier hindurchbewegen kann, auch mit den seitlichen Verschwenkungen, die durch die Bauart der festen Verbindung zwischen Pleuel 56 und Kolben 58 bedingt sind. Das Gewinde 66 des Zylinders 60 weist eine enge Steigung auf, so daß die axiale Zylinderhöhe präzise eingestellt werden kann.The cylinder 60 is threaded 66 at its lower end provided, by means of which it is screwed into a Opening 68 of the compressor housing 62 is screwed. The opening 68 of the compressor housing 62 is formed so that the connecting rod 56 can move freely here, even with the lateral swiveling caused by the design of the fixed Connection between connecting rod 56 and piston 58 are conditional. The Thread 66 of the cylinder 60 has a narrow pitch, so that the axial cylinder height can be set precisely.

Von besonderem Interesse ist hier die wirksame axiale Zylinderhöhe, mit der der obere im Zylinder 60 wirksame Totpunkt des Kolbens 58 eingestellt werden kann. Der unterhalb der gestrichelt angedeuteten untersten Stellung des Kolbens 58 gelegene Bereich ist nicht wirksam. Die wirksame axiale Zylinderhöhe kann durch Eindrehen des Zylinders 60 in die Öffnung 68 des Verdichtergehäuses 62 verändert werden. Eine Veränderung der wirksamen axialen Zylinderhöhe führt unmittelbar auch zu einer Veränderung des sogenannten Verdichtungsraumes oder schädlichen Raumes V, der durch die obere Totpunktstellung des Kolbens 58 definiert wird. Dieser Verdichtungsraum V sollte so bemessen sein, daß er mit dem minimalen Totraumvolumen übereinstimmt, den das System hat. Die optimale Einstellung des optimalen Verdichtungsraumes erfolgt manuell beim Probelauf des Kolbenverdichters, so daß die Veränderung des Betriebsverhaltens unmittelbar beurteilt werden kann.Of particular interest here is the effective axial cylinder height, with which the top dead center of the effective in the cylinder 60 Piston 58 can be adjusted. The dashed below indicated lowest position of the piston 58 Area is not effective. The effective axial cylinder height can by screwing the cylinder 60 into the opening 68 of the Compressor housing 62 can be changed. A change in effective axial cylinder height also leads directly to a Change the so-called compression space or harmful Space V, which is due to the top dead center position of the piston 58th is defined. This compression space V should be dimensioned in this way be that it corresponds to the minimum dead space volume, that the system has. The optimal setting of the optimal Compression chamber is done manually during the test run of the piston compressor, so the change in operating behavior can be assessed immediately.

Zur Sicherung dieses optimalen Arbeitspunktes werden zwischen einem seitlich auskragenden Teil 61 des Verdichtergehäuses und einem noch zu beschreibenden Auslaßventilkopf 90 Schrauben 63 angezogen. Dadurch preßt sich die Unterseite des Kopfes 90 auf einen Flansch 59 des Zylinders 60 und die Gewindeeinstellung ist fixiert.To ensure this optimal working point between a laterally projecting part 61 of the compressor housing and an exhaust valve head 90 screws 63 to be described dressed. As a result, the underside of the head 90 presses on a flange 59 of the cylinder 60 and the thread adjustment is fixed.

Oberhalb des Raumes V befindet sich gemäß Fig. 2 ein federbelastetes Auslaßventil im Ventilkopf 90. Dieses Ventil besteht aus einer dünnen Metallscheibe 92, welche von einer Feder 94 gegen einen Dichtring 96 normalerweise gedrückt wird (vgl. rechtes Teil der Darstellung in Fig. 2 oben). Bei hohem Druck öffnet das Ventil (linker Teil der Darstellung in Fig. 2 oben) und gibt einen Weg 28 innerhalb eines Auslaßkopfes 26 zum Auslaßstutzen 20 frei.According to FIG. 2, there is a space V above spring loaded exhaust valve in valve head 90. This valve consists of a thin metal disc 92, which by a Spring 94 is normally pressed against a sealing ring 96 (see right part of the illustration in Fig. 2 above). At high Pressure opens the valve (left part of the illustration in Fig. 2 above) and there is a path 28 within an outlet head 26 to Outlet connector 20 free.

Dieser Auslaßkopf 26 weist zwei besondere Merkmale auf. Zum einen ist er im Ventilkopf bei losen Schrauben 63 frei drehbar und thermisch entkoppelt.This outlet head 26 has two special features. To the one is freely rotatable in the valve head with loose screws 63 and thermally decoupled.

Die thermische Entkopplung wird durch zwei kreislinienförmige Auflageringe und einen Luftspalt 25 zwischen dem Ventilkopf 90 und dem Auslaßkopf 26 erzielt. Dadurch erwärmt sich die aus dem Stutzen 20 austretende Luft im letzten Teil des Kompressors nicht zusätzlich und der Wirkungsgrad verbessert sich.The thermal decoupling is made by two circular lines Support rings and an air gap 25 between the valve head 90 and the outlet head 26 achieved. This heats up the from Nozzle 20 escaping air in the last part of the compressor not in addition and the efficiency improves.

Da die Kompressoreinheit mit weiteren Komponenten wie Trockner, Schaltventilen usw. zu einer kompakten Systemeinheit verbunden werden soll, kann beim Festlegen des oberen Totpunktes auch der Auslaßstutzen in die zum Verbinden mit weiteren Aggregaten notwendige Ausrichtung eingestellt werden, bevor die Schrauben 63 endgültig festgezogen werden.Since the compressor unit with other components such as dryer, Switching valves etc. connected to a compact system unit can also be used when setting the top dead center Outlet nozzle in the necessary for connecting to other units Alignment can be set before the screws 63 finally tightened.

Der erfindungsgemäße Kolbenverdichter ermöglicht eine manuelle Einstellung des Verdichtungsraums, so daß er sich für verschiedene Anwendungen eignet, beispielsweise als Pumpe, Vakuumpumpe, Druckluftquelle für Personenkraftwagen, Klimaanlagen und dgl. Er ist thermisch entkoppelt und auf höchste Leistung bei begrenzter Stromaufnahme ausgelegt.The piston compressor according to the invention enables manual Setting the compression space so that it can be used for different Applications, for example as a pump, vacuum pump, Compressed air source for passenger cars, air conditioning systems and the like It is thermally decoupled and provides maximum performance with limited Power consumption designed.

Der erfindungsgemäße Kolbenverdichter eignet sich daher insbesondere für den Austausch elektrisch betriebener Einrichtungen des PKWs gegen pneumatisch betriebene Aggregate oder ganz besonders für die Verwendung in luftgefederten Fahrzeugen zu deren Niveau- oder Neigungsregelung.The piston compressor according to the invention is therefore particularly suitable for the exchange of electrically operated devices of the car against pneumatically operated units or especially for use in air suspension vehicles too their level or inclination control.

Claims (5)

  1. Piston compressor for gaseous media, preferably air, comprising a piston rod which moves back and forth within a cylinder (60), said piston rod having an upper end which is rigidly connected to a piston (58) and a lower end which is joined to a crankcase (62) via a crank drive (46), and in which an open lower edge of the cylinder (60) projects into the crankcase (62) to an adjustable degree of depth, thus enabling the compression volume (V) of said cylinder (60) which is defined by the top dead centre of the piston (58) to be adjusted
    characterized in
    that the crankcase is open (50) to allow working medium to enter thereinto and said piston (58) has a passage (80) for the gaseous medium to be sucked in from the lower side of the piston, said passage featuring an inlet valve (80) which opens during the downward stroke of said piston and closes during the upward stroke of said piston, and in which an outlet head (26) is provided which is axially flush with said piston (58) in the top dead centre position of the latter and is thermally uncoupled by an edge (23) which is only line-shaped, said outlet head (26) including a spring-loaded (94) outlet valve (92) and an outlet (20) located behind the valve, said outlet being adjustable in its output position.
  2. The piston compressor of claim 1
    characterized in
    that the compression volume (V) can be adjusted by changing an effective axial cylinder height in that the outer lower edge of said cylinder (60) and the upper opening (68) in the crankcase (62) are each provided with a corresponding thread (66).
  3. The piston compressor of claim 2
    characterized in
    that an optimum position of said cylinder (60) relative to said compression casing (62) which is determined through trial can be fixed by means of a screw clamp (63).
  4. The piston compressor of claims 1 to 3
    characterized in
    that the outlet valve (92) of said outlet body (26) thermally isolated within said valve head (90) is fixed between the line-shaped supports (21, 23) by the screw clamp according to claim 3, and is furthermore isolated by air gaps (25).
  5. The piston compressor of claims 1 to 4
    characterized in
    that the outlet body (26) in the valve head (90) can be adjusted in free rotation thereof and the direction of its outlet connection piece (20) can be fixed together with the screw clamp (63) according to claim 3.
EP95929103A 1994-08-17 1995-08-11 Piston compressor for gaseous media Expired - Lifetime EP0725897B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4429097A DE4429097A1 (en) 1994-08-17 1994-08-17 Piston compressor for gaseous media
DE4429097 1994-08-17
PCT/EP1995/003195 WO1996005429A1 (en) 1994-08-17 1995-08-11 Piston compressor for gaseous media

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0725897A1 EP0725897A1 (en) 1996-08-14
EP0725897B1 true EP0725897B1 (en) 1998-03-04

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ID=6525863

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EP95929853A Expired - Lifetime EP0725898B1 (en) 1994-08-17 1995-08-11 Piston for gaseous media piston compressor
EP95929103A Expired - Lifetime EP0725897B1 (en) 1994-08-17 1995-08-11 Piston compressor for gaseous media

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95929853A Expired - Lifetime EP0725898B1 (en) 1994-08-17 1995-08-11 Piston for gaseous media piston compressor

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Country Link
EP (2) EP0725898B1 (en)
AT (2) ATE163735T1 (en)
DE (3) DE4429097A1 (en)
ES (2) ES2113212T3 (en)
WO (2) WO1996005430A1 (en)

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DE19903025C2 (en) * 1999-01-26 2001-12-20 Alusuisse Bayrisches Druckgus Piston compressor for gaseous media

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0725898B1 (en) 1998-03-04
ES2113211T3 (en) 1998-04-16
WO1996005429A1 (en) 1996-02-22
EP0725897A1 (en) 1996-08-14
ATE163734T1 (en) 1998-03-15
ATE163735T1 (en) 1998-03-15
DE4429097A1 (en) 1996-02-22
ES2113212T3 (en) 1998-04-16
DE59501549D1 (en) 1998-04-09
WO1996005430A1 (en) 1996-02-22
DE59501550D1 (en) 1998-04-09
EP0725898A1 (en) 1996-08-14

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