EP0724079B1 - Steam injector - Google Patents

Steam injector Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0724079B1
EP0724079B1 EP95118403A EP95118403A EP0724079B1 EP 0724079 B1 EP0724079 B1 EP 0724079B1 EP 95118403 A EP95118403 A EP 95118403A EP 95118403 A EP95118403 A EP 95118403A EP 0724079 B1 EP0724079 B1 EP 0724079B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
injector
section
annular
mixing chamber
nozzle
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95118403A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0724079A1 (en
Inventor
Helmut Bälz
G. Dr.-Ing. Ehrhardt
Hans Dipl.-Ing. Hesselbacher
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Helmut Baelz GmbH
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Helmut Baelz GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0724079A1 publication Critical patent/EP0724079A1/en
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Publication of EP0724079B1 publication Critical patent/EP0724079B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
    • F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
    • F22D1/28—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters for direct heat transfer, e.g. by mixing water and steam
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04F—PUMPING OF FLUID BY DIRECT CONTACT OF ANOTHER FLUID OR BY USING INERTIA OF FLUID TO BE PUMPED; SIPHONS
    • F04F5/00—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow
    • F04F5/14—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid
    • F04F5/24—Jet pumps, i.e. devices in which flow is induced by pressure drop caused by velocity of another fluid flow the inducing fluid being elastic fluid displacing liquids, e.g. containing solids, or liquids and elastic fluids
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28C—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT WITHOUT CHEMICAL INTERACTION
    • F28C3/00—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus
    • F28C3/06—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media being a liquid and a gas or vapour
    • F28C3/08—Other direct-contact heat-exchange apparatus the heat-exchange media being a liquid and a gas or vapour with change of state, e.g. absorption, evaporation, condensation

Definitions

  • a controllable jet pump is known from DE-OS 23 46 112 known, by means of which two fluids mixed together can be.
  • the jet pump has one in one Housing arranged drive current channel, which in a circular blowing nozzle opening opens.
  • a rod-operated Adjusting cone arranged by means of which the effective Cross section of the nozzle opening can be varied.
  • a catch nozzle is located opposite the driving nozzle opening arranged, which extends away from the driving nozzle Area of constant cross-section and one itself adjoining area with an expanding flow cross-section having. Between the capture nozzle and the An annular suction gap is provided, which is in fluid communication with a suction connection.
  • the forms propellant emerging from the propellant nozzle a beam with a circular cross section, which is in the catch nozzle gradually widens. That through the ring-shaped Fluid flowing into the suction gap lies down as a hollow cone Coat around the propellant jet and is from taken away with this.
  • a capacitor with one Housing base body known, which is approximately tubular is. At one end is a steam inlet nozzle round, funnel-shaped cross section arranged. Opposite the steam inlet nozzle is one Regulation device arranged that the nozzle more or can release or close less.
  • the regulator forms with the inner wall of the tubular Basic body element an annular mixing space.
  • the tubular one Basic body Beginning from the suction port is the tubular one Basic body somewhat waisted. With the steam inlet nozzle it forms a somewhat narrowing annular interior, which widens somewhat from the nozzle mouth.
  • an injector for introducing a vaporous heat transfer medium into a liquid to be heated with which is the mixture of the heat transfer medium with the one to be heated Liquid and the subsequent condensation of the heat transfer medium allowed without collapse of vapor bubbles.
  • this should be made possible in the partial load range.
  • the injector has a mixing chamber with an annular one Section in which a mixture of the vaporous Heat transfer medium with the liquid takes place and the vaporous heat transfer medium condenses.
  • the vapor bubbles that are formed can be radial Do not exceed the expansion of the mixing chamber in the form of an annular gap, so that the size of those imploding Bubble outgoing pressure surges is limited. So that's it Prerequisite for calm condensation of the vapor Heat transfer medium without knocking.
  • the vaporous heat transfer medium becomes through the ring nozzle axially inserted into the mixing chamber, being in the areas creates a suction in front of the outlet opening.
  • the steam happens immediately after leaving the ring nozzle has at least one inflow opening, which is preferably as annular opening arranged coaxially to the ring nozzle is designed with a radial opening direction. It sucks the steam from the inflow opening is the liquid to be heated and mixes intensively with it. It has it turned out that by the arrangement of the inflow opening a good one in the immediate vicinity of the ring nozzle Mixing of the vaporous heat transfer medium with the heating liquid is reached.
  • the inner wall and the outer wall of the mixing chamber can at least in sections from the ring nozzle define the widening flow cross-section, which creates a speed profile over the length of the mixing chamber is produced. Especially in the areas creates suction at high flow rates, which is used to suck in the liquid to be heated can be.
  • the actual mixing area is divided by a section the mixing chamber formed, the outer wall of a tubular part and its inner wall a guide body is formed.
  • This, preferably rotationally symmetrical trained guide body can be cylindrical Have section that with the outer wall delimits a hollow cylindrical section of the mixing chamber.
  • the flow cross-section is in this actual mixing area constant, due to the condensation of the vaporous heat transfer medium mixed with the liquid the flow velocity over the length of the Mixing chamber can take off.
  • An advantageous embodiment that leads to a quiet Condensation and good controllability, has an annularly shaped mixing chamber section on, one length exceeding its outside diameter having. Even at high flow rates here enough distance and therefore enough time for one sufficient, ie complete condensation of the vaporous heat transfer medium in the ring-shaped Section of the mixing chamber available. Following the A hub diffuser can be arranged in the mixing area the flow decelerated.
  • Calm condensation is particularly encouraged if the radial thickness of the annular portion is considerable is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner wall. For example, good results are achieved if the radial thickness is less than a fifth of the inside diameter the inner wall is.
  • a substantially axial direction of steam flow is erected when the outer diameter of the ring nozzle with the inner diameter of the outer wall of the mixing chamber in essentially coincides.
  • a very effective and a constant high flow rate the one to be injected into the liquid vaporous heat transfer medium is achieved when the Ring nozzle for regulating the injector in its flow cross section is designed to be changeable. This can be done easily Can be achieved by using the ring nozzle as an annular gap between the guide body and one in the mixing chamber provided axial bore is limited. If the lead body held axially displaceable and in the area of the ring nozzle is conical, the nozzle cross-section changes with an axial displacement of the guide body.
  • the also between the outer tubular mixing chamber and the cylindrical portion of the guide body defined high cylindrical section of the mixing chamber is in its geometry essentially unaffected, whereby also at part load, that is, at lower injected Amount of steam the condensation of the steam calmly and without essential vapor accumulations leading to implosions takes place.
  • the regulation of the injector with regard to its Performance thus occurs through a change in Layer thickness of the injected steam.
  • Another possibility for the partial load operation of the Injector is given if it has a channel, through which the outflow opening is connected to the inflow opening is. A liquid exchange can take place via this channel take place so that heated liquid from the outflow opening flows to the inflow opening. At this Operating mode, less cold liquid is absorbed, less steam injected and less at the outlet heated liquid dispensed, but the full desired Temperature reached.
  • This channel can be annular and the Surround mixing chamber, which makes it simple constructive Relationships.
  • the outer wall of the Mixing chamber kept at a relatively high temperature, which are above the ambient temperature and the temperature of the incoming cold liquid to be heated.
  • each with a Backflow preventer are equipped.
  • This backflow preventer can advantageously in the injector to get integrated.
  • the backflow preventer prevent one Backflow of liquid into the ring nozzle and leakage of steam through the inflow opening.
  • the injector can be used to heat heating water or of service water.
  • the injector increased thereby the pressure of the liquid to be heated through utilization that in the strained gaseous or vaporous Medium contained energy. This makes it possible to Dual function injector for both heating the Use liquid as well as to convey the same.
  • a steam injector 1 a housing 2 with a connecting flange 4 for steam and a further connection flange 5 for to be heated Liquid, such as cold water.
  • the Flange 4 is a steam connection O1 and flange 5 is a cold water connection 03.
  • the steam connection O1 and the Cold water connection 03 each lead with a cylindrical Channel 9, 11 in the housing 2, the channel 9 and the channel 11 on a common, the respective opening direction defining central axis 13.
  • the housing 2 On the housing 2 is also a right angle to the Flanges 4, 5 vertical third flange 15 provided, which surrounds an outflow opening 17.
  • the outflow opening 17 is a circular opening in the housing 2 leading channel, the outer wall 19 of a hollow cylindrical Socket 21 is formed.
  • the socket 21 is firmly from a section leading to the flange 15 the housing 2 held and protrudes into one of the Channel 11 formed into the annular space 23, which over the channel 11 with liquid, such as cold water, acted upon is.
  • annular space 23 there is an end 25 of the socket 21, in which they both on the inner wall 19, as well their outer walls each have a cylindrical outer surface having.
  • the inner outer wall 19 and the outer lateral surfaces are via an end surface 27 connected to each other, following the as the outer wall 19 designated inner circumferential surface an annular Section 27a which is concentric to one defined by the hollow cylindrical bushing 21 Longitudinal central axis 29 is arranged.
  • an annular Section 27a which is concentric to one defined by the hollow cylindrical bushing 21 Longitudinal central axis 29 is arranged.
  • Radially outwards the end face 27 has one, the circular ring Section 27a adjoining frustoconical Section 27b, which is also concentric with the Longitudinal central axis 29 lies.
  • a nozzle body 31 is provided which has a conical opening 33 has.
  • the nozzle body 31 is on one on the housing 2 provided and the channel 9 separating from the channel 11 Intermediate wall 35 held the nozzle body 31 in a corresponding opening.
  • the nozzle body 31 has a flat surface lying towards the end face 27 37 on, which are spaced and parallel to the annular Section 27a of the end face 27 is arranged and thus defines an annular gap 39 through which the channel 11 communicates with the outflow opening 17.
  • a rotationally symmetrical shaped body 43 Via a concentric to the longitudinal central axis 29 lying, held on the housing 2 rod 41 is a rotationally symmetrical shaped body 43 held through the opening 33 of the nozzle body 31 into the bushing 21 extends into it.
  • the molded body 43 has a thickened and at least Section 45, which is conical in sections on which is essentially within the channel 9 with the Outflow opening 17 connecting and in the nozzle body 31st provided opening 33 is arranged.
  • the frustoconical Section 45 has a lateral surface that with the longitudinal central axis 29 makes an acute angle, which is noticeably less than that between the inner wall the opening 33 and the longitudinal central axis 29 included acute angle. This turns itself into a mouth the opening 33 narrowing annular gap 47 is formed.
  • a cylindrical section 49 which extends over the area of the annular gap 39 into the Socket 21 extends into it.
  • the diameter of the cylindrical Section 49 is less than the diameter the outer wall 19 of the socket 21, so that the cylindrical Section 49 with the outer wall 19 an annular gap Mixing chamber 51 limited.
  • This mixing chamber 51 is hollow their radial thickness is much smaller than their inside diameter is.
  • the cylindrical section 49 of the molded body 43 closes a frustoconical section 53 without Paragraph, the length of which is that of the cylindrical portion 49 exceeds and one with the longitudinal central axis 29 shoots in an acute angle. This expands the between the frustoconical section 53 and the Inner wall 19 defined free flow cross section of seen from the annular gap 47.
  • the cylindrical section 49 and the frustoconical section 53 delimit in the socket 21 is a mixing chamber with an annular cross section, whose length exceeds their diameter.
  • the molded body 43 has a conical end region 55 which forms a hub diffuser and its outer surface an acute angle with the longitudinal central axis 29 includes, which is larger than that of the lateral surface of the frustoconical section 53 with the longitudinal central axis 29 included acute angle.
  • the molded body 43 held on the rod 41 is slidable in the housing along the longitudinal central axis 29 2 held.
  • the rod 41 is in the wall of the channel 9 penetrating bush 57 stored.
  • the longitudinal position of the rod 41 and thus the exact position of the molded body 43 within the nozzle body 31 and the socket 21 is by a with the rod 41st connected, not shown actuator set.
  • the actuator can be both hand and motor operated be executed.
  • the Drive device can be an element of a control loop, which, for example, a constant water temperature at the To ensure discharge opening 17.
  • the injector 1 described so far works as follows:
  • the flange 4 is connected to a steam line, via the channel 9 under a constant pressure Steam is supplied.
  • the pressure is 1 to 7 bar and is kept constant for the respective application, although it can also be higher.
  • the flange 5 is connected to a cold water pipe, the channel 11 under less pressure Cold water supplies, the temperature of which, for example, 14 ° C. is.
  • the molded body 43 is off the rod 41 and this acting control element is adjusted so that the annular gap 47 has a sufficient width to the required Allow the amount of steam to pass through.
  • the one via the steam connection O1 Incoming steam flows through the from the annular gap 47 formed ring nozzle, its speed is considerable increases. It therefore occurs at high axial speed out of the annular gap 47 and into the mixing chamber 51 a, whereby it is supplied via the cold water connection 03 Cold water is sucked in through the annular gap 39. Mix while doing this the steam and the cold water sucked in intensely with formation of vapor bubbles with relatively little Diameter. The diameter of these vapor bubbles can be Do not exceed the radial thickness of the mixing chamber 51.
  • the resulting mixture moves axially through the Mixing chamber 51, wherein the steam condenses and the released heat is transferred to the water.
  • the in the mixing chamber 51 at high axial speed moving mixture slows down its axial speed, if it is by the of section 53 or Termination area 55 and the inner wall 9 formed flows through the annular mixing chamber section. No later than when the mixture has passed the termination area 55 is the steam contained in the mixture completely condenses.
  • the mixture now has a temperature of, for example. about 90 ° C, the mixture immediately following at the annular gap 47 and 39 on the hub diffuser or Closing area 55 flows along, due to the increasing flow cross section its speed reduced.
  • the injector When leaving the injector through the outflow opening 17 it has one opposite at the cold water connection 03 applied water pressure increased pressure.
  • a modified injector 1a is shown in FIG. 2, this injector 1a as far as it is related same or functionally described with the injector 1 Parts contains the same, for identification purposes is provided with a reference symbol "a". The description given in connection with injector 1 the structure and function is so far on the Transfer injector 1a.
  • the injector 1a has a hot water return duct 60 through which the outflow opening 17a with the annular space 23a is in fluid communication.
  • the hot water return duct 60 is characterized by a wide, groove-like opening open to the outside Recess 62 in the outer surface of the Socket 21 formed.
  • the recess 62 and the corresponding section of the housing 2a enclosed Ring channel opens with a wide and open flow cross-section into the annular space 23a.
  • the socket 21a is only with its end lying at the outflow opening 17 connected to the housing 2a, this area with axial bores 64 is provided.
  • the steam jet being formed is therefore very thin-walled and only comes with preheated water in contact.
  • the developing ones As a result, vapor bubbles are very small and their tendency to implode due to the elevated temperature of the mixture contained water decreased.
  • the injector 1a therefore works quietly even in the extreme partial load range and reliable.
  • FIG 3 is a particularly for heating systems illustrated injector 1b intended for residential buildings, the basic structure corresponds to the steam injector 1, but the steam injector 1b also with Check valves 70, 71 provided and in the four-way scheme is constructed. Parts of the injector 1b that with Parts of the injector 1 are functionally the same same reference numerals, being used for identification with ab are provided.
  • the flanges 4b, 5b are as Screw flanges or screw connections executed, whereby it does not, as in the case of the injector 1 shown in FIG. 1 opposite, but on opposite sides of the Housing 2b laterally offset from each other are.
  • the flange 5b is another communicating with the flange 5b via an annular chamber 72 Screw flange 74 provided another one Cold water connection 02 forms and over the water both can flow in and out. This allows the steam injector 1b of return or cold water can flow through it.
  • the annular chamber 72 is provided in the bush 21b Ring groove formed, the width of the diameter of the Flanges 5b, 74 exceeds.
  • the socket 21b is at her at the outflow opening 17b side with a Provided external thread, by means of which they are in the housing 2b is held. Between the annular chamber 72 and the external thread there is an O-ring 76 to provide a seal.
  • the socket 21b sits in a cylindrical, in which Housing 2b provided receiving space 78, which is the annular chamber 72 limited to the outside. Following the ring chamber 72 the bushing 21b has a radially outwardly extending one Wall 80 on, in the axial openings or Bores 82, 84 are provided which provide a fluid connection create between the annular chamber 72 and the annular space 23b.
  • Allowing annular space 23b is one with a central one Hole provided rubber washer 86 provided as a diaphragm valve forms the backflow preventer 71.
  • the rubber washer 76 is in one at its radially outer edge corresponding groove of the wall 80 and puts in their In the rest position, the bores 82, 86 close to them on.
  • the sleeve 21b abuts an annular, on the Wall 80 provided radial projection 88 on the here disc-shaped nozzle body 31b, the Opening 33b with the shaped body 43 which is cylindrical here Annular gap 47 limited and an annular nozzle for steam forms.
  • the molded body 43b is axially immovable with a disc 92 connected in the cylindrical Recording room 78 sits.
  • the disk 92 is supported each ring-shaped, in opposite directions axially protruding projections, both on the nozzle body 31b, as well as on a control valve disk 94, the one has conical steam inlet opening 96.
  • the disc 92 is with several, on one concentric to the longitudinal central axis 29b lying circle arranged axial bores 98, 100 provided by an edge clamped, the rubber washer 102 forming the backflow preventer 70 are covered.
  • the frustoconical and a valve seat Vapor inlet port 96 is axial in sleeve 57b slidable valve member l04 assigned to its, end movable into the steam inlet opening 96 in the shape of a truncated cone trained and there with an O-ring 106 is provided.
  • the valve member l04 can be different Assume axial positions, in Figure 3 above the Longitudinal central axis 29b a completely closed valve position and a completely open one below the longitudinal central axis 29b Valve position is shown. When the valve member 104 Intermediate positions is a partial load operation possible.
  • the injector 1b essentially consists of rotationally symmetrical ones Share what is manufacturing significantly simplified.
  • FIG. 4 schematically shows a heat consumer station shown, the at their steam connection 01 with over a steam line is supplied with steam. Condensate accumulating in the heat consumer station via a condensate manifold forming the cold water connection 02 dissipated.
  • the heat consumer station contains essentially a heat consumer 110 that has a Flow line 112 to the flange 15 of the injector 1 connected and supplied with hot water.
  • the injector 1 is with its flange 4 to the steam connection 01 connected.
  • the flange 5 is connected to a suction line the condensate manifold, to which the Heat consumer 110 connected to a return line 114 is.
  • the consumer 110 is any with Industrial consumer heatable water.
  • FIG. 5 shows one with hot water operated living space heater 116, which by means of 2 is supplied with hot water.
  • the living space heater 116 is via the flow line 112 connected to the flange 15b of the injector 1b while the return line 114 directly to the to a suction port forming flange 5b of the injector 1b is guided.
  • the condensate brought in via the return line 114 flows across the injector 1b and is on the screw flange 74 out and into the condensate manifold 02 derived.
  • FIG. 6 Another application is shown in Fig. 6, at which a hot water tank 118 by means of the injector 1a Hot water is fed.
  • the pelvis is above that at the Flange 15a connected flow line 112 with hot water fed.
  • the hot water is mixed by that is called the injection of the steam connection 01 Steam with sucked in from the condensate manifold 02, cooler condensate generated.
  • the injector la is included its flange 4a to the steam connection 01 and with its Flange 5a connected to the condensate manifold 02.
  • the condensate manifold 02 originating condensate both heated and in the possibly higher-lying hot water pool 118 promoted.
  • the injector 1 In the heat consumer station shown in FIG. 7 is the injector 1 with its as a suction connection serving flange 5 connected to a cold water basin 120.
  • the flange 4 from the steam connection 01 Steam flowing into the injector conveys from the cold water basin 120 drawn cold water and heats it.
  • the hot water generated in this way is under increased pressure ready on the flange 15 and flows over the feed line 112 into the hot water pool 118.
  • the injector 1 acts with it as a pump.
  • Fig. 8 In the heat consumer station shown in Fig. 8 is by means of the steam injector 1 in one Reservoir 122 kept heated water in the circuit. To is the one with its flange 4 on the steam connection 01 lying injector with its flange 5 so to the reservoir 122 connected to the reservoir 122 water in its Bottom area is removed. The flange 15 leads into the Reservoir 122 back and feeds this with hot water. If steam is applied to the flange 4 of the injector 1, the injector sucks cold water over the flange 5 close to the ground from the reservoir 122 and feeds it with Steam mixing and thereby warming water into the Reservoir 122 back.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Jet Pumps And Other Pumps (AREA)
  • Gas Separation By Absorption (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

The injector (1) has a mixer chamber (51) with outflow aperture (17), and a ring-shaped part with inner (49,53) and outer (19) walls. A ring nozzle (31) with ring slot-shaped outlet (47), is charged with steam-type heat carrier, and opens into the mixer chamber. An intake aperture (39), opens into the ring-shaped part of the mixer chamber, and is charged with the fluid to be heated. The intake is located after the ring nozzle, relative to the through flow direction defined by the nozzle. The intake aperture is formed by a ring slot, which is located coaxial to the ring nozzle. The aperture opens into a ring-shaped intake section in the mixer chamber.

Description

Zum Erwärmen von Flüssigkeiten, wie beispielsweise Wasser, wird häufig ein dampfförmiger Wärmeträger in die betreffende Flüssigkeit eingeleitet, wobei es zu einem direkten Kontakt zwischen dem Wärmeträger und der Flüssigkeit kommt. Dies ist bspw. bei der Heißwasserbereitung oder bei der Erzeugung von Warmwasser zu Heizzwecken mittels Dampfes der Fall. Der dampfförmige Wärmeträger vermischt sich dabei mit der zu erwärmenden Flüssigkeit, wobei er kondensiert. Es kann bei diesem Verfahren dazu kommen, daß der in die Flüssigkeit eingeleitete dampfförmige Wärmeträger schlagartig kondensierende Blasen bildet. Dabei können regelrechte Implosionserscheinungen, sogenannte Dampfschläge auftreten, die die zum Einleiten des dampfförmigen Wärmeträgers in die Flüssigkeit verwendeten Apparaturen besonderen Belastungen unterwerfen. Solche Belastungen können beispielsweise zu Leitungsbrüchen führen. For heating liquids, such as Water is often a vaporous heat transfer medium in the liquid in question, whereby it becomes a direct contact between the heat transfer medium and the liquid is coming. This is, for example, when preparing hot water or in the production of hot water for heating purposes Steam the case. The vaporous heat transfer medium is mixed deal with the liquid to be heated, whereby it condenses. It can do this with this procedure come that the vaporized introduced into the liquid Suddenly condensing bubbles forms. Real implosions, So-called steam strikes occur, which are used to initiate of the vaporous heat transfer medium used in the liquid Subject equipment to special loads. Such loads can lead to line breaks, for example to lead.

Aus der DE-OS 23 46 112 ist eine regelbare Strahlpumpe bekannt, mittels derer zwei Fluide miteinander vermischt werden können. Die Strahlpumpe weist einen in einem Gehäuse angeordneten Treibstromkanal auf, der in einer kreisförmigen Treibdüsenöffnung mündet. Mittig in der Treibdüsenöffnung ist ein über eine Stange betätigbarer Einstellkegel angeordnet, mittels dessen der wirksame Querschnitt der Treibdüsenöffnung variiert werden kann. Der Treibdüsenöffnung gegenüberliegend ist eine Fangdüse angeordnet, die einen sich von der Treibdüse weg erstreckenden Bereich konstanten Querschnitts und einen sich daran anschließenden Bereich mit sich erweiterndem Strömungsquerschnitt aufweist. Zwischen der Fangdüse und der Treibstromdüse ist ein ringförmiger Saugspalt vorgesehen, der mit einem Sauganschluß in Fluidverbindung steht. Das aus der Treibmitteldüse austretende Treibmittel bildet einen Strahl mit kreisförmigem Querschnitt, der sich in der Fangdüse allmählich aufweitet. Das durch den ringförmigen Saugspalt zuströmende Fluid legt sich als hohlkegelförmiger Mantel um den Treibmittelstrahl und wird von diesem mitgenommen.A controllable jet pump is known from DE-OS 23 46 112 known, by means of which two fluids mixed together can be. The jet pump has one in one Housing arranged drive current channel, which in a circular blowing nozzle opening opens. In the middle of the Driving nozzle opening is a rod-operated Adjusting cone arranged by means of which the effective Cross section of the nozzle opening can be varied. A catch nozzle is located opposite the driving nozzle opening arranged, which extends away from the driving nozzle Area of constant cross-section and one itself adjoining area with an expanding flow cross-section having. Between the capture nozzle and the An annular suction gap is provided, which is in fluid communication with a suction connection. The forms propellant emerging from the propellant nozzle a beam with a circular cross section, which is in the catch nozzle gradually widens. That through the ring-shaped Fluid flowing into the suction gap lies down as a hollow cone Coat around the propellant jet and is from taken away with this.

Bei der Verwendung einer derartigen regelbaren Strahlpumpe zum Mischen von Dampf mit Wasser kann es zu einer lediglich groben Mischung und in der Folge zu Kondensatschlägen kommen.When using such an adjustable Jet pump for mixing steam with water can be too only a coarse mixture and subsequently condensation come.

Aus der GB-A-612839 ist ein Kondensator mit einem Gehäusegrundkörper bekannt, der etwa rohrförmig ausgebildet ist. An einem Ende ist eine Dampfeinlassdüse mit runden, sich trichterförmig erweiterndem Querschnitt angeordnet. Der Dampfeinlassdüse gegenüberliegend ist eine Reguliereinrichtung angeordnet, die die Düse mehr oder weniger freigeben oder verschließen kann. Die Reguliereinrichtung bildet mit der Innenwandung des rohrförmigen Grundkörperelements einen ringförmigen Mischraum.From GB-A-612839 is a capacitor with one Housing base body known, which is approximately tubular is. At one end is a steam inlet nozzle round, funnel-shaped cross section arranged. Opposite the steam inlet nozzle is one Regulation device arranged that the nozzle more or can release or close less. The regulator forms with the inner wall of the tubular Basic body element an annular mixing space.

Der Dampfeinlassdüse benachbart, zweigt seitlich ein Sauganschluß von dem Grundkörper ab, der in den Innenraum führt. An dem gegenüberliegenden Ende zweigt von dem Grundkörper ein Anschluß ab, an dem das Dampfwassergemisch oder erwärmtes Wasser abgenommen werden kann.Adjacent to the steam inlet nozzle branches off to the side Suction port from the base body, which in the interior leads. At the opposite end branches from that Base body from a connection to which the steam water mixture or heated water can be removed.

Ausgehend von dem Sauganschluß ist der rohrförmige Grundkörper etwas tailliert. Mit der Dampfeinlassdüse bildet er einen sich etwas verengenden ringförmigen Innenraum, der sich ab der Düsenmündung etwas erweitert.Starting from the suction port is the tubular one Basic body somewhat waisted. With the steam inlet nozzle it forms a somewhat narrowing annular interior, which widens somewhat from the nozzle mouth.

Davon ausgehend ist es eine Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Injektor zum Einleiten eines dampfförmigen Wärmeträgers in eine zu erwärmende Flüssigkeit zu schaffen, mit dem die Mischung des Wärmeträgers mit der zu erwärmenden Flüssigkeit und die anschließende Kondensation des Wärmeträgers ohne Kollabieren von Dampfblasen gestattet. Insbesondere soll dies im Teillastbereich ermöglicht werden. Darüber hinaus ist es Aufgabe der Erfindung einen regelbaren Injektor mit den oben genannten Eigenschaften zu schaffen.Based on this, it is an object of the invention an injector for introducing a vaporous heat transfer medium into a liquid to be heated with which is the mixture of the heat transfer medium with the one to be heated Liquid and the subsequent condensation of the heat transfer medium allowed without collapse of vapor bubbles. In particular this should be made possible in the partial load range. In addition, it is an object of the invention to regulate Injector with the above properties too create.

Der Injektor weist eine Mischkammer mit einem ringförmigen Abschnitt auf, in dem eine Vermischung des dampfförmigen Wärmeträgers mit der Flüssigkeit stattfindet und der dampfförmige Wärmeträger kondensiert. Der Durchmesser der sich bildenden Dampfblasen kann dabei die radiale Ausdehnung der ringspaltförmigen Mischkammer nicht übersteigen, so daß auch die Größe der von den implodierenden Blasen ausgehenden Druckstöße begrenzt ist. Damit ist die Voraussetzung für eine ruhige Kondensation des dampfförmigen Wärmeträgers ohne Klopferscheinungen gegeben. The injector has a mixing chamber with an annular one Section in which a mixture of the vaporous Heat transfer medium with the liquid takes place and the vaporous heat transfer medium condenses. The diameter The vapor bubbles that are formed can be radial Do not exceed the expansion of the mixing chamber in the form of an annular gap, so that the size of those imploding Bubble outgoing pressure surges is limited. So that's it Prerequisite for calm condensation of the vapor Heat transfer medium without knocking.

Durch die Ringdüse wird der dampfförmige Wärmeträger axial in die Mischkammer eingelassen, wobei er im Bereiche vor der Austrittsöffnung einen Sog erzeugt. Der Dampf passiert, unmittelbar nachdem er die Ringdüse verlassen hat, wenigstens eine Einströmöffnung, die vorzugsweise als ringförmige, koaxial zu der Ringdüse angeordnete Öffnung mit radialer Öffnungsrichtung ausgebildet ist. Dabei saugt der Dampf aus der Einströmöffnung die zu erwärmende Flüssigkeit an und vermischt sich mit dieser intensiv. Es hat sich herausgestellt, daß durch die Anordnung der Einströmöffnung in unmittelbarer Nähe zu der Ringdüse eine gute Durchmischung des dampfförmigen Wärmeträgers mit der zu erwärmenden Flüssigkeit erreicht wird. Es werden insbesondere gute Ergebnisse erzielt, wenn zwischen der von der Ringdüse definierten Dampfströmungsrichtung und der von der Einströmöffnung definierten Einströmrichtung ein im wesentlichen rechter Winkel eingeschlossen wird. Dies ist der Fall, wenn die Ringdüse eine im wesentlichen axiale Öffnungsrichtung und die Einströmöffnung eine im wesentlichen radiale Öffnungsrichtung aufweist.The vaporous heat transfer medium becomes through the ring nozzle axially inserted into the mixing chamber, being in the areas creates a suction in front of the outlet opening. The steam happens immediately after leaving the ring nozzle has at least one inflow opening, which is preferably as annular opening arranged coaxially to the ring nozzle is designed with a radial opening direction. It sucks the steam from the inflow opening is the liquid to be heated and mixes intensively with it. It has it turned out that by the arrangement of the inflow opening a good one in the immediate vicinity of the ring nozzle Mixing of the vaporous heat transfer medium with the heating liquid is reached. It will be particularly good results if between that of the Ring nozzle defined steam flow direction and that of the inflow direction defined in the substantial right angle is included. This is the case when the ring nozzle is a substantially axial Opening direction and the inflow opening essentially one has radial opening direction.

Die Innenwandung und die Außenwandung der Mischkammer können einen sich wenigstens abschnittsweise von der Ringdüse weg erweiternden Strömungsquerschnitt definieren, wodurch über die Länge der Mischkammer ein Geschwindigkeitsprofil erzeugt wird. Insbesondere wird im Bereiche mit hohen Durchströmungsgeschwindigkeiten ein Sog erzeugt, der zum Ansaugen der zu erwärmenden Flüssigkeit genutzt werden kann.The inner wall and the outer wall of the mixing chamber can at least in sections from the ring nozzle define the widening flow cross-section, which creates a speed profile over the length of the mixing chamber is produced. Especially in the areas creates suction at high flow rates, which is used to suck in the liquid to be heated can be.

Der eigentliche Mischbereich wird durch einen Abschnitt der Mischkammer gebildet, dessen Außenwandung von einem rohrförmigen Teil und dessen Innenwandung durch einen Leitkörper gebildet ist. Dieser, vorzugsweise rotationssymetrisch ausgebildete Leitkörper kann einen zylindrischen Abschnitt aufweisen, der mit der Außenwandung einen hohlzylindrischen Abschnitt der Mischkammer begrenzt. In diesem eigentlichen Mischbereich ist der Strömungsquerschnitt konstant, wobei infolge der Kondensation des mit der Flüssigkeit vermischten dampfförmigen Wärmeträgers die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit über die Länge der Mischkammer abnehmen kann. Jedoch werden übermäßige Druckänderungen, insbesondere plötzliche Druckanstiege vermieden, so daß die von der Flüssigkeit umschlossenen Blasen des dampfförmigen Wärmeträgers nur geringe Implosionsneigung zeigen.The actual mixing area is divided by a section the mixing chamber formed, the outer wall of a tubular part and its inner wall a guide body is formed. This, preferably rotationally symmetrical trained guide body can be cylindrical Have section that with the outer wall delimits a hollow cylindrical section of the mixing chamber. The flow cross-section is in this actual mixing area constant, due to the condensation of the vaporous heat transfer medium mixed with the liquid the flow velocity over the length of the Mixing chamber can take off. However, excessive pressure changes, especially sudden pressure increases avoided, so that the bubbles enclosed by the liquid of the vaporous heat transfer medium only low tendency to implode demonstrate.

Eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform, die zu einer ruhigen Kondensation und zu einer guten Regelbarkeit führt, weist einen ringförmig ausgebildeten Mischkammerabschnitt auf, der eine, seinen Außendurchmesser übersteigende Länge aufweist. Selbst bei hoher Strömungsgeschwindigkeit ist hier genügend Wegstrecke und damit genügend Zeit für eine ausreichende, das heißt vollständige Kondensation des dampfförmigen Wärmeträgers in dem ringförmig ausgebildeten Abschnitt der Mischkammer vorhanden. Im Anschluß an den Mischbereich kann ein Nabendiffusor angeordnet werden, der die Strömung verzögert.An advantageous embodiment that leads to a quiet Condensation and good controllability, has an annularly shaped mixing chamber section on, one length exceeding its outside diameter having. Even at high flow rates here enough distance and therefore enough time for one sufficient, ie complete condensation of the vaporous heat transfer medium in the ring-shaped Section of the mixing chamber available. Following the A hub diffuser can be arranged in the mixing area the flow decelerated.

Eine ruhige Kondensation wird insbesondere gefördert, wenn die radiale Dicke des ringförmigen Abschnittes beträchtlich kleiner ist, als der Innendurchmesser der Innenwandung. Beispielsweise werden gute Ergebnisse erzielt, wenn die radiale Dicke kleiner als ein Fünftel des Innendurchmesser der Innenwandung ist.Calm condensation is particularly encouraged if the radial thickness of the annular portion is considerable is smaller than the inner diameter of the inner wall. For example, good results are achieved if the radial thickness is less than a fifth of the inside diameter the inner wall is.

Wenn die Ringdüse eine gegen ihren Außendurchmesser geringe Spaltweite aufweist, wird ein besonders dünnwandiger hohlzylindrischer oder leicht hohlkegelförmiger Dampfstrom ausgebildet. Infolge seiner geringen Dicke weist der damit nahezu flächig geformte Dampfstrom von vorne herein eine sehr geringe Neigung auf, nach dem Vermischen mit der Flüssigkeit größere Dampfblasen zu bilden.If the ring nozzle is against its outer diameter has a small gap width, a particularly thin-walled hollow cylindrical or slightly hollow cone-shaped steam flow educated. Due to its small thickness, the thus almost flat steam flow from the beginning a very slight tendency after mixing with the Liquid to form larger vapor bubbles.

Eine im wesentlichen axiale Dampfströmungsrichtung wird erricht, wenn der Außendurchmesser der Ringdüse mit dem Innendurchmesser der Außenwandung der Mischkammer im wesentlichen übereinstimmt.A substantially axial direction of steam flow is erected when the outer diameter of the ring nozzle with the inner diameter of the outer wall of the mixing chamber in essentially coincides.

Eine sehr wirkungsvolle und eine konstante hohe Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des in die Flüssigkeit zu injizierenden dampfförmigen Wärmeträgers wird erreicht, wenn die Ringdüse zur Regelung des Injektors in ihrem Strömungsquerschnitt veränderbar ausgelegt ist. Dies kann auf einfache Weise erreicht werden, indem die Ringdüse als Ringspalt zwischen dem Leitkörper und einer in der Mischkammer vorgesehenen Axialbohrung begrenzt ist. Wenn der Leitkörper axial verschiebbar gehalten und im Bereich der Ringdüse konisch ausgebildet ist, verändert sich der Düsenquerschnitt bei einer axialen Verschiebung des Leitkörpers. Der außerdem zwischen der äußeren rohrförmigen Mischkammer und dem zylindrischen Abschnitt des Leitkörpers definierte hohe zylindrische Abschnitt der Mischkammer wird davon in seiner Geometrie im wesentlichen nicht betroffen, wodurch auch bei Teillast, daß heißt, bei geringerer injizierter Dampfmenge die Kondensation des Dampfes ruhig und ohne wesentliche, zu Implosionen führende Dampfansammlungen stattfindet. Die Regelung des Injektors hinsichtlich seiner Leistung erfolgt somit durch eine Veränderung der Schichtdicke des injizierten Dampfes.A very effective and a constant high flow rate the one to be injected into the liquid vaporous heat transfer medium is achieved when the Ring nozzle for regulating the injector in its flow cross section is designed to be changeable. This can be done easily Can be achieved by using the ring nozzle as an annular gap between the guide body and one in the mixing chamber provided axial bore is limited. If the lead body held axially displaceable and in the area of the ring nozzle is conical, the nozzle cross-section changes with an axial displacement of the guide body. The also between the outer tubular mixing chamber and the cylindrical portion of the guide body defined high cylindrical section of the mixing chamber is in its geometry essentially unaffected, whereby also at part load, that is, at lower injected Amount of steam the condensation of the steam calmly and without essential vapor accumulations leading to implosions takes place. The regulation of the injector with regard to its Performance thus occurs through a change in Layer thickness of the injected steam.

Eine weitere Möglichkeit für den Teillastbetrieb des Injektors ist gegeben, wenn dieser einen Kanal aufweist, über den die Ausströmöffnung mit der Einströmöffnung verbunden ist. Über diesen Kanal kann ein Flüssigkeitsaustausch erfolgen, so daß erwärmte Flüssigkeit von der Ausströmöffnung zu der Einströmöffnung fließt. Bei dieser Betriebsweise wird weniger kalte Flüssigkeit aufgenommen, weniger Dampf injiziert und an der Ausströmöffnung weniger erhitzte Flüssigkeit abgegeben, die jedoch die volle gewünschte Temperatur erreicht.Another possibility for the partial load operation of the Injector is given if it has a channel, through which the outflow opening is connected to the inflow opening is. A liquid exchange can take place via this channel take place so that heated liquid from the outflow opening flows to the inflow opening. At this Operating mode, less cold liquid is absorbed, less steam injected and less at the outlet heated liquid dispensed, but the full desired Temperature reached.

Dieser Kanal kann ringförmig ausgebildet sein und die Mischkammer umgeben, wodurch sich einfache konstruktive Verhältnisse ergeben. Außerdem wird die Außenwandung der Mischkammer auf einer relativ hohen Temperatur gehalten, die über der Umgebungstemperatur und der Temperatur der zuströmenden kalten, zu erwärmenden Flüssigkeit liegt.This channel can be annular and the Surround mixing chamber, which makes it simple constructive Relationships. In addition, the outer wall of the Mixing chamber kept at a relatively high temperature, which are above the ambient temperature and the temperature of the incoming cold liquid to be heated.

Um einen sicheren Betrieb insbesondere bei schwankenden Druckverhältnissen in der die Ringdüse mit dampf förmigem Wärmeträger beaufschlagenden Zuführungsleitung und der die Einströmöffnung mit Flüssigkeit versorgenden Zuführungsleitung zu gestatten, können diese jeweils mit einem Rückflußverhinderer ausgestattet werden. Diese Rückflußverhinderer können in vorteilhafter Weise in den Injektor integriert werden. Die Rückflußverhinderer verhindern ein Rückströmen von Flüssigkeit in die Ringdüse und ein Austreten von Dampf durch die Einströmöffnung.To ensure safe operation, especially when fluctuating Pressure conditions in the ring nozzle with steam-shaped Heat transfer agent supply line and the inflow opening with liquid supply line allow, each with a Backflow preventer are equipped. This backflow preventer can advantageously in the injector to get integrated. The backflow preventer prevent one Backflow of liquid into the ring nozzle and leakage of steam through the inflow opening.

Der Injektor kann zum Erwärmen von Heizwasser oder von Brauchwasser verwendet werden. Der Injektor erhöht dabei den Druck der zu erwärmenden Flüssigkeit durch Ausnutzung der in dem gespannten gas- oder dampfförmigen Medium enthaltenen Energie. Es ist dadurch möglich, den Injektor in einer Doppelfunktion sowohl zum Aufheizen der Flüssigkeit als auch zum Fördern derselben zu verwenden.The injector can be used to heat heating water or of service water. The injector increased thereby the pressure of the liquid to be heated through utilization that in the strained gaseous or vaporous Medium contained energy. This makes it possible to Dual function injector for both heating the Use liquid as well as to convey the same.

In der Zeichnung ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung dargestellt. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Injektor in einer leicht schematisierten Schnittdarstellung,
  • Fig. 2 einen Injektor mit Rückflußkanälen in einer leicht schematisierten Schnittdarstellung,
  • Fig. 3 einen mit Rückflußverhinderern ausgestatteten Injektor in einer etwas schematisierten Schnittdarstellung,
  • Fig. 4 einen Wärmeverbraucher, der durch mittels des Injektors nach Fig. 1 oder 2 erzeugten Warmwassers beheizt ist, in schematischer Darstellung,
  • Fig. 5 einen Wärmeverbraucher, der durch mittels des in Fig. 3 dargestellten Injektors erzeugten Warmwassers beheizt ist, in schematischer Darstellung,
  • Fig. 6 ein mit Warmwasser gespeistes Becken, wobei das Warmwassers mittels des Injektors nach der Fig. 1 oder des Injektors nach der Fig. 2 erzeugt ist, in schematischer Darstellung,
  • Fig. 7 ein mit Warmwasser gespeistes Becken, das mittels des Injektors nach Fig. 1 mit erwärmtem, aus einem tiefergelegenen Reservoir gefördertem Wasser beaufschlagt ist, in schematischer Darstellung, und
  • Fig. 8 ein mit Warmwasser gespeistes Becken, dem mittels des in Fig. 1 dargestellten Injektors Wasser entnommen, erwärmt und wieder zugeführt wird, in schematischer Darstellung.
    • In the drawing, an embodiment of the invention is shown. Show it:
  • 1 is an injector in a slightly schematic sectional view,
  • 2 shows an injector with return flow channels in a slightly schematic sectional illustration,
  • 3 shows an injector equipped with non-return valves in a somewhat schematic sectional illustration,
  • 4 shows a heat consumer, which is heated by hot water generated by means of the injector according to FIG. 1 or 2, in a schematic illustration,
  • 5 shows a heat consumer, which is heated by hot water generated by means of the injector shown in FIG. 3, in a schematic representation,
  • 6 shows a basin fed with hot water, the hot water being generated by means of the injector according to FIG. 1 or the injector according to FIG. 2, in a schematic illustration,
  • Fig. 7 is a hot water tank, which is acted upon by the injector of Fig. 1 with heated, from a lower reservoir water, in a schematic representation, and
  • Fig. 8 shows a pool fed with hot water, from which water is removed, heated and fed again by means of the injector shown in Fig. 1, in a schematic representation.

    • Wie in Figur 1 dargestellt ist, weist ein Dampfinjektor 1 ein Gehäuse 2 mit einem Anschlußflansch 4 für Dampf und einen weiteren Anschlußflansch 5 für zu erwärmende Flüssigkeit, wie beispielsweise Kaltwasser, auf. Der Flansch 4 ist ein Dampfanschluß O1 und der Flansch 5 ist ein Kaltwasseranschluß 03. Der Dampfanschluß O1 und der Kaltwasseranschluß 03 führen jeweils mit einem zylindrischen Kanal 9, 11 in das Gehäuse 2, wobei der Kanal 9 und der Kanal 11 auf einer gemeinsamen, die jeweilige Öffnungsrichtung definierenden Mittelachse 13 liegen.As shown in Figure 1, a steam injector 1 a housing 2 with a connecting flange 4 for steam and a further connection flange 5 for to be heated Liquid, such as cold water. The Flange 4 is a steam connection O1 and flange 5 is a cold water connection 03. The steam connection O1 and the Cold water connection 03 each lead with a cylindrical Channel 9, 11 in the housing 2, the channel 9 and the channel 11 on a common, the respective opening direction defining central axis 13.

    An dem Gehäuse 2 ist außerdem ein rechtwinklig zu den Flanschen 4, 5 stehender dritter Flansch 15 vorgesehen, der eine Ausströmöffnung 17 umgibt. Die Ausströmöffnung 17 ist eine kreisförmige Öffnung eines in das Gehäuse 2 führenden Kanals, dessen Außenwandung 19 von einer hohlzylindrischen Buchse 21 gebildet ist. Die Buchse 21 ist dabei fest von einem zu dem Flansch 15 führenden Abschnitt des Gehäuses 2 gehalten und ragt bis in einen von dem Kanal 11 gebildeten Ringraum 23 hinein, der über den Kanal 11 mit Flüssigkeit, wie beispielsweise Kaltwasser, beaufschlagbar ist.On the housing 2 is also a right angle to the Flanges 4, 5 vertical third flange 15 provided, which surrounds an outflow opening 17. The outflow opening 17 is a circular opening in the housing 2 leading channel, the outer wall 19 of a hollow cylindrical Socket 21 is formed. The socket 21 is firmly from a section leading to the flange 15 the housing 2 held and protrudes into one of the Channel 11 formed into the annular space 23, which over the channel 11 with liquid, such as cold water, acted upon is.

    In dem Ringraum 23 liegt ein Ende 25 der Buchse 21, bei dem sie sowohl an der Innenwandung 19, als auch an ihrer Außenwandung jeweils eine zylindrische Mantelflächen aufweist. Die innen liegende Außenwandung 19 und die außenliegende Mantelfläche sind über eine Stirnfläche 27 miteinander verbunden, die im Anschluß an die als Außenwandung 19 bezeichnete innere Mantelfläche einen kreisringförmigen Abschnitt 27a aufweist, der konzentrisch zu einer von der hohlzylindrischen Buchse 21 definierten Längsmittelachse 29 angeordnet ist. Radial nach außen hin weist die Stirnfläche 27 einen, sich an den kreisringförmigen Abschnitt 27a anschließenden kegelstumpfförmigen Abschnitt 27b auf, der ebenfalls konzentrisch zu der Längsmittelachse 29 liegt. In the annular space 23 there is an end 25 of the socket 21, in which they both on the inner wall 19, as well their outer walls each have a cylindrical outer surface having. The inner outer wall 19 and the outer lateral surfaces are via an end surface 27 connected to each other, following the as the outer wall 19 designated inner circumferential surface an annular Section 27a which is concentric to one defined by the hollow cylindrical bushing 21 Longitudinal central axis 29 is arranged. Radially outwards the end face 27 has one, the circular ring Section 27a adjoining frustoconical Section 27b, which is also concentric with the Longitudinal central axis 29 lies.

    Konzentrisch zu der Längsmittelachse 29 ist außerdem ein Düsenkörper 31 vorgesehen, der eine konische Öffnung 33 aufweist. Der Düsenkörper 31 ist an einer an dem Gehäuse 2 vorgesehenen und den Kanal 9 von dem Kanal 11 scheidenden Zwischenwand 35 gehalten, die den Düsenkörper 31 in einer entsprechenden Öffnung aufnimmt. Der Düsenkörper 31 weist eine zu der Stirnfläche 27 hin liegende Planfläche 37 auf, die im Abstand und parallel zu dem kreisringförmigen Abschnitt 27a der Stirnfläche 27 angeordnet ist und somit einen Ringspalt 39 definiert, über den der Kanal 11 mit der Ausströmöffnung 17 kommuniziert.It is also concentric to the longitudinal central axis 29 a nozzle body 31 is provided which has a conical opening 33 has. The nozzle body 31 is on one on the housing 2 provided and the channel 9 separating from the channel 11 Intermediate wall 35 held the nozzle body 31 in a corresponding opening. The nozzle body 31 has a flat surface lying towards the end face 27 37 on, which are spaced and parallel to the annular Section 27a of the end face 27 is arranged and thus defines an annular gap 39 through which the channel 11 communicates with the outflow opening 17.

    Über eine konzentrisch zu der Längsmittelachse 29 liegenden, an dem Gehäuse 2 gehaltenen Stange 41 ist ein rotationssymetrischer Formkörper 43 gehalten, der sich durch die Öffnung 33 des Düsenkörpers 31 in die Buchse 21 hinein erstreckt.Via a concentric to the longitudinal central axis 29 lying, held on the housing 2 rod 41 is a rotationally symmetrical shaped body 43 held through the opening 33 of the nozzle body 31 into the bushing 21 extends into it.

    Der Formkörper 43 weist einen verdickten und wenigstens abschnittsweise konisch ausgebildeten Abschnitt 45 auf, der im wesentlichen innerhalb der den Kanal 9 mit der Ausströmöffnung 17 verbindenden und in dem Düsenkörper 31 vorgesehenen Öffnung 33 angeordnet ist. Der kegelstumpfförmige Abschnitt 45 weist eine Mantelfläche auf, die mit der Längsmittelachse 29 einen spitzen Winkel einschießt, der merklich geringer ist, als der zwischen der Innenwandung der Öffnung 33 und der Längsmittelachse 29 eingeschlossene spitze Winkel. Dadurch wird ein sich zur Mündung der Öffnung 33 verengender Ringspalt 47 gebildet.The molded body 43 has a thickened and at least Section 45, which is conical in sections on which is essentially within the channel 9 with the Outflow opening 17 connecting and in the nozzle body 31st provided opening 33 is arranged. The frustoconical Section 45 has a lateral surface that with the longitudinal central axis 29 makes an acute angle, which is noticeably less than that between the inner wall the opening 33 and the longitudinal central axis 29 included acute angle. This turns itself into a mouth the opening 33 narrowing annular gap 47 is formed.

    An dem kegelstumpfförmigen Abschnitt 45 des Formkörpers 43 schließt sich ein zylindrischer Abschnitt 49 an, der sich über den Bereich des Ringspaltes 39 hinweg in die Buchse 21 hinein erstreckt. Der Durchmesser des zylindrischen Abschnittes 49 ist geringer, als der Durchmesser der Außenwandung 19 der Buchse 21, so daß der zylindrische Abschnitt 49 mit der Außenwandung 19 eine ringspaltförmige Mischkammer 51 begrenzt. Diese Mischkammer 51 ist hohlwobei ihre radiale Dicke sehr viel kleiner als ihr Innendurchmesser ist.On the frustoconical section 45 of the molded body 43 is followed by a cylindrical section 49, which extends over the area of the annular gap 39 into the Socket 21 extends into it. The diameter of the cylindrical Section 49 is less than the diameter the outer wall 19 of the socket 21, so that the cylindrical Section 49 with the outer wall 19 an annular gap Mixing chamber 51 limited. This mixing chamber 51 is hollow their radial thickness is much smaller than their inside diameter is.

    An den zylindrischen Abschnitt 49 des Formkörpers 43 schließt sich ein kegelstumpfförmiger Abschnitt 53 ohne Absatz an, dessen Länge die des zylindrischen Abschnitts 49 übersteigt und der mit der Längsmittelachse 29 einen spitzen Winkel einschießt. Dadurch erweitert sich der zwischen dem kegelstumpfförmigen Abschnitt 53 und der Innenwandung 19 definierte freie Strömungsquerschnitt von dem Ringspalt 47 aus gesehen. Der zylindrische Abschnitt 49 und der kegelstumpfförmige Abschnitt 53 begrenzen in der Buchse 21 eine Mischkammer mit ringförmigen Querschnitt, deren Länge ihren Durchmesser übersteigt.On the cylindrical section 49 of the molded body 43 closes a frustoconical section 53 without Paragraph, the length of which is that of the cylindrical portion 49 exceeds and one with the longitudinal central axis 29 shoots in an acute angle. This expands the between the frustoconical section 53 and the Inner wall 19 defined free flow cross section of seen from the annular gap 47. The cylindrical section 49 and the frustoconical section 53 delimit in the socket 21 is a mixing chamber with an annular cross section, whose length exceeds their diameter.

    Anschließend an den kegelstumpfförmigen Abschnitt 53 weist der Formkörper 43 einen konischen Abschlußbereich 55 auf, der einen Nabendiffusor bildet und dessen Mantelfläche einen spitzen Winkel mit der Längsmittelachse 29 einschließt, der größer als der von der Mantelfläche des kegelstumpfförmigen Abschnitts 53 mit der Längsmittelachse 29 eingeschlossene spitze Winkel ist.Following the frustoconical section 53 the molded body 43 has a conical end region 55 which forms a hub diffuser and its outer surface an acute angle with the longitudinal central axis 29 includes, which is larger than that of the lateral surface of the frustoconical section 53 with the longitudinal central axis 29 included acute angle.

    Der an der Stange 41 gehaltene Formkörper 43 ist entlang der Längsmittelachse 29 verschiebbar in dem Gehäuse 2 gehalten. Dazu ist die Stange 41 in einer die Wandung des Kanales 9 durchgreifenden Buchse 57 verschiebbar gelagert. Die Längsstellung der Stange 41 und damit die genaue Position des Formkörpers 43 innerhalb des Düsenkörpers 31 und der Buchse 21 wird durch ein mit der Stange 41 verbundenes, nicht dargestelltes Stellorgan eingestellt. Das Stellorgan kann sowohl hand- als auch motorbetätigt ausgeführt sein. Falls es erforderlich ist, kann die Antriebseinrichtung ein Element einer Regelschleife sein, die beispielsweise eine konstante Wassertemperatur an der Ausströmöffnung 17 sicherstellen soll.The molded body 43 held on the rod 41 is slidable in the housing along the longitudinal central axis 29 2 held. For this purpose, the rod 41 is in the wall of the channel 9 penetrating bush 57 stored. The longitudinal position of the rod 41 and thus the exact position of the molded body 43 within the nozzle body 31 and the socket 21 is by a with the rod 41st connected, not shown actuator set. The actuator can be both hand and motor operated be executed. If necessary, the Drive device can be an element of a control loop, which, for example, a constant water temperature at the To ensure discharge opening 17.

    Der insoweit beschriebene Injektor 1 arbeitet wie folgt:The injector 1 described so far works as follows:

    Der Flansch 4 ist an eine Dampfleitung angeschlossen, über die dem Kanal 9 unter einem konstanten Druck stehender Dampf zugeführt wird. Der Druck beträgt 1 bis 7 bar und wird für den jeweiligen Anwendungsfall konstant gehalten, wobei er auch höher sein kann.The flange 4 is connected to a steam line, via the channel 9 under a constant pressure Steam is supplied. The pressure is 1 to 7 bar and is kept constant for the respective application, although it can also be higher.

    Der Flansch 5 ist an eine Kaltwasserleitung angeschlossen, die den Kanal 11 unter minderem Druck stehendes Kaltwasser zuführt, dessen Temperatur beispielsweise 14 °C beträgt.The flange 5 is connected to a cold water pipe, the channel 11 under less pressure Cold water supplies, the temperature of which, for example, 14 ° C. is.

    Von dem Flansch 15 führt eine an diesen angeschlossene Leitung weg, die von dem Injektor 1 mit Heißwasser zu speisen ist. Die Temperatur dieses Heißwassers soll im Beispiel ungefährt 90 °C betragen.From the flange 15 leads a connected to this Pipe away from the injector 1 with hot water too is dining. The temperature of this hot water should be in Example is approximately 90 ° C.

    Der Formkörper 43 wird von der Stange 41 und auf diese wirkenden Regelorgan derart justiert, daß der Ringspalt 47 eine ausreichende Weite hat, um die erforderliche Dampfmenge durchzulassen. Der über den Dampfanschluß O1 zuströmende Dampf strömt dabei durch die von dem Ringspalt 47 gebildete Ringdüse, wobei seine Geschwindigkeit erheblich zunimmt. Er tritt deshalb mit großer Axialgeschwindigkeit aus dem Ringspalt 47 aus und in die Mischkammer 51 ein, wobei er über den Kaltwasseranschluß 03 zugeführtes Kaltwasser durch den Ringspalt 39 ansaugt. Dabei vermischen sich der Dampf und das angesaugte Kaltwasser intensiv unter Ausbildung von Dampfblasen mit relativ geringem Durchmesser. Der Durchmesser dieser Dampfblasen kann die radiale Dicke der Mischkammer 51 nicht überschreiten.The molded body 43 is off the rod 41 and this acting control element is adjusted so that the annular gap 47 has a sufficient width to the required Allow the amount of steam to pass through. The one via the steam connection O1 Incoming steam flows through the from the annular gap 47 formed ring nozzle, its speed is considerable increases. It therefore occurs at high axial speed out of the annular gap 47 and into the mixing chamber 51 a, whereby it is supplied via the cold water connection 03 Cold water is sucked in through the annular gap 39. Mix while doing this the steam and the cold water sucked in intensely with formation of vapor bubbles with relatively little Diameter. The diameter of these vapor bubbles can be Do not exceed the radial thickness of the mixing chamber 51.

    Das entstandene Gemisch bewegt sich axial durch die Mischkammer 51, wobei der Dampf kondensiert und dabei die frei werdende Wärmemenge auf das Wasser überträgt. Das sich in der Mischkammer 51 mit hoher Axialgeschwindigkeit fortbewegende Gemisch verlangsamt seine Axialgeschwindigkeit, wenn es durch die von dem Abschnitt 53 bzw. dem Abschlußbereich 55 und der Innenwandung 9 gebildeten ringförmigen Mischkammerabschnitt durchströmt. Spätestens wenn das Gemisch den Abschlußbereich 55 passiert hat, ist der in dem Gemisch enthaltene Dampf vollständig kondensiert. Das Gemisch besitzt nun eine Temperatur von bspw. ungefähr 90 °C, wobei das Gemisch unmittelbar im Anschluß an den Ringspalt 47 und 39 an dem Nabendiffusor oder Abschlußbereich 55 entlangströmt, wobei sich aufgrund des zunehmenden Strömungsquerschnittes seine Geschwindigkeit vermindert. Bei Verlassen des Injektors durch die Ausströmöffnung 17 weist es einen gegenüber an dem Kaltwasseranschluß 03 anliegenden Wasserdruck erhöhten Druck auf.The resulting mixture moves axially through the Mixing chamber 51, wherein the steam condenses and the released heat is transferred to the water. The in the mixing chamber 51 at high axial speed moving mixture slows down its axial speed, if it is by the of section 53 or Termination area 55 and the inner wall 9 formed flows through the annular mixing chamber section. No later than when the mixture has passed the termination area 55 is the steam contained in the mixture completely condenses. The mixture now has a temperature of, for example. about 90 ° C, the mixture immediately following at the annular gap 47 and 39 on the hub diffuser or Closing area 55 flows along, due to the increasing flow cross section its speed reduced. When leaving the injector through the outflow opening 17 it has one opposite at the cold water connection 03 applied water pressure increased pressure.

    Zur Teillastregelung oder zum Stillsetzen des Injektors 1 wird die Stange 41 in Figur 1 nach rechts bewegt, so daß sich der Ringspalt 47 verengt oder ganz schließt. Der an dem Dampfanschluß anliegende Dampfdruck wird dabei nicht reduziert; die Teillastregelung erfolgt ausschließlich durch Verengen des in dem Ringspalt 47 vorhandenen freien Strömungsquerschnittes. Dadurch wird auch bei Teillast eine hohe Strömungsgeschwindigkeit im Bereiche des Ringspaltes 47 erhalten. Dadurch kann auch im Teillastbetrieb ein gutes Vermischen des Dampfes mit dem Wasser erreicht werden. Die Kondensation bleibt ruhig und es bilden sich keine heftig implodierenden Dampfblasen. Außerdem wird an der Ausströmöffnung 17 auch im Teillastbereich ein erhöhter Druck erreicht.For partial load control or to stop the injector 1 the rod 41 is moved to the right in FIG. 1, so that the annular gap 47 narrows or closes completely. The steam pressure present at the steam connection becomes not reduced; the partial load regulation takes place exclusively by narrowing the existing in the annular gap 47 free flow cross-section. This will also help with Partial load a high flow speed in the area of the annular gap 47 obtained. This means that even in partial load operation a good mixing of the steam with the Water can be reached. The condensation remains calm and there are no violently imploding vapor bubbles. In addition, the outflow opening 17 also in the partial load range increased pressure reached.

    Ein abgewandelter Injektor 1a ist in Figur 2 dargestellt, wobei dieser Injektor 1a soweit er im Zusammenhang mit dem Injektor 1 beschriebene gleiche oder funktionsgleiche Teile enthält mit den gleichen, zur Kenntlichmachung mit einem "a" versehenen Bezugszeichen versehen ist. Die im Zusammenhang mit dem Injektor 1 gegebene Beschreibung des Aufbaus und der Funktion ist insoweit auf den Injektor 1a zu übertragen. A modified injector 1a is shown in FIG. 2, this injector 1a as far as it is related same or functionally described with the injector 1 Parts contains the same, for identification purposes is provided with a reference symbol "a". The description given in connection with injector 1 the structure and function is so far on the Transfer injector 1a.

    Abweichend von dem bereits beschriebenen Injektor 1 weist der Injektor 1a einen Warmwasserrückführungskanal 60 auf, über den die Ausströmöffnung 17a mit dem Ringraum 23a in Fluidverbindung steht. Der Warmwasserrückführungskanal 60 wird durch eine breite, nach außen geöffnete ringnutartige Ausnehmung 62 in der äußeren Mantelfläche der Buchse 21 gebildet. Der von der Ausnehmung 62 und dem entsprechenden Abschnitt des Gehäuses 2a umschlossene Ringkanal mündet mit breitem und offenem Strömungsquerschnitt in den Ringraum 23a. Die Buchse 21a ist lediglich mit ihrem, bei der Ausströmöffnung 17 liegenden Ende mit dem Gehäuse 2a verbunden, wobei dieser Bereich mit Axialbohrungen 64 versehen ist. Über diese Axialbohrungen 64 strömt Heißwasser mit einer Temperatur von etwa 90 °C über den Warmwasserrückführungskanal 60 in dem Ringraum 23a, wo es sich mit Kaltwasser, das eine Temperatur von etwa 14 °C aufweist, vermischt. Die Temperatur der entstehenden Mischung liegt bei etwa 50 °C. Dieses vorgewärmte Wasser wird über den Ringspalt 39a in die Mischkammer 51a gesaugt. Um dieses vorgewärmte Wasser auf 90 °C zu bringen, die es an der Ausströmöffnung 17a aufweist, ist entsprechend weniger Dampf erforderlich, als wenn Wasser mit einer Temperatur von 14 °C angesaugt würde. Dadurch kann der Formkörper 43a im Teillastbetrieb sehr weit in die Öffnung 33a hineingefahren werden, so daß der Ringspalt 47a sehr eng ist. Der sich ausbildende Dampfstrahl ist dadurch sehr dünnwandig und kommt überdies lediglich mit vorgewärmtem Wasser in Berührung. Die sich ausbildenden Dampfblasen sind dadurch sehr klein und deren Implosionsneigung infolge der erhöhten Temperatur des in der Mischung enthaltenen Wassers verringert. Der Injektor 1a arbeitet deshalb auch im extremen Teillastbereich ruhig und zuverlässig.Deviating from the injector 1 already described the injector 1a has a hot water return duct 60 through which the outflow opening 17a with the annular space 23a is in fluid communication. The hot water return duct 60 is characterized by a wide, groove-like opening open to the outside Recess 62 in the outer surface of the Socket 21 formed. The recess 62 and the corresponding section of the housing 2a enclosed Ring channel opens with a wide and open flow cross-section into the annular space 23a. The socket 21a is only with its end lying at the outflow opening 17 connected to the housing 2a, this area with axial bores 64 is provided. Via these axial bores 64 hot water overflows at a temperature of around 90 ° C the hot water return duct 60 in the annular space 23a, where it with cold water that has a temperature of about 14 ° C has mixed. The temperature of the emerging Mixture is around 50 ° C. This preheated water is sucked into the mixing chamber 51a via the annular gap 39a. To bring this preheated water to 90 ° C, which it has at the outflow opening 17a is corresponding less steam is required than when using water a temperature of 14 ° C would be sucked. This can the molded body 43a in partial load operation very far into the Opening 33a are moved in so that the annular gap 47a is very tight. The steam jet being formed is therefore very thin-walled and only comes with preheated water in contact. The developing ones As a result, vapor bubbles are very small and their tendency to implode due to the elevated temperature of the mixture contained water decreased. The injector 1a therefore works quietly even in the extreme partial load range and reliable.

    In Figur 3 ist ein insbesondere für Heizungsanlagen für Wohnhäuser vorgesehener Injektor 1b dargestellt, der vom prinzipiellen Aufbau mit dem Dampfinjektor 1 übereinstimmt, wobei der Dampfinjektor 1b jedoch zusätzlich mit Rückschlagverhinderern 70, 71 versehen und im Vierwegeschema konstruiert ist. Teile des Injektors 1b, die mit Teilen des Injektors 1 funktionsgleich sind, tragen die gleichen Bezugszeichen, wobei sie zur Kenntlichmachung mit einem b versehen sind.In Figure 3 is a particularly for heating systems illustrated injector 1b intended for residential buildings, the the basic structure corresponds to the steam injector 1, but the steam injector 1b also with Check valves 70, 71 provided and in the four-way scheme is constructed. Parts of the injector 1b that with Parts of the injector 1 are functionally the same same reference numerals, being used for identification with ab are provided.

    An dem Gehäuse 2b sind die Flansche 4b, 5b als Schraubflansche oder Schraubanschlüsse ausgeführt, wobei sie nicht wie bei dem in Figur 1 dargestellten Injektor 1 gegenüberliegen, sondern an gegenüberliegenden Seiten des Gehäuses 2b seitlich gegeneinander versetzt angeordnet sind. Dem Flansch 5b gegenüberliegend ist ein weiterer, über eine Ringkammer 72 mit dem Flansch 5b kommunizierender Schraubflansch 74 vorgesehen, der einen weiteren Kaltwasseranschluß 02 bildet und über den Wasser sowohl zu- als auch abfließen kann. Damit kann der Dampfinjektor 1b von Rücklauf- oder Kaltwasser quer durchströmt werden.On the housing 2b, the flanges 4b, 5b are as Screw flanges or screw connections executed, whereby it does not, as in the case of the injector 1 shown in FIG. 1 opposite, but on opposite sides of the Housing 2b laterally offset from each other are. Opposite the flange 5b is another communicating with the flange 5b via an annular chamber 72 Screw flange 74 provided another one Cold water connection 02 forms and over the water both can flow in and out. This allows the steam injector 1b of return or cold water can flow through it.

    Die Ringkammer 72 ist als in der Buchse 21b vorgesehene Ringnut ausgebildet, deren Breite die Durchmesser der Flansche 5b, 74 übersteigt. Die Buchse 21b ist bei ihrer bei der Ausströmöffnung 17b liegenden Seite mit einem Außengewinde versehen, mittels dessen sie in dem Gehäuse 2b gehalten ist. Zwischen der Ringkammer 72 und dem Außengewinde liegt ein O-Ring 76, um eine Abdichtung herbeizuführen.The annular chamber 72 is provided in the bush 21b Ring groove formed, the width of the diameter of the Flanges 5b, 74 exceeds. The socket 21b is at her at the outflow opening 17b side with a Provided external thread, by means of which they are in the housing 2b is held. Between the annular chamber 72 and the external thread there is an O-ring 76 to provide a seal.

    Die Buchse 21b sitzt in einem zylindrischen, in dem Gehäuse 2b vorgesehen Aufnahmeraum 78, der die Ringkammer 72 nach außen begrenzt. Im Anschluß an die Ringkammer 72 weist die Buchse 21b eine sich radial nach außen erstrekkende Wand 80 auf, in der axiale Durchtrittsöffnungen oder Bohrungen 82, 84 vorgesehen sind, die eine Fluidverbindung zwischen der Ringkammer 72 und dem Ringraum 23b schaffen. Um lediglich eine Strömung aus der Ringkammer 72 in den Ringraum 23b zuzulassen, ist eine mit einem zentrischen Loch versehene Gummischeibe 86 vorgesehen, die als Membraneventil den Rückflußverhinderer 71 bildet. Die Gummischeibe 76 ist an ihrem radial äußeren Rand in einer entsprechenden Nut der Wand 80 gefaßt und legt in ihrer Ruhestellung die Bohrungen 82, 86 verschließend an diesen an.The socket 21b sits in a cylindrical, in which Housing 2b provided receiving space 78, which is the annular chamber 72 limited to the outside. Following the ring chamber 72 the bushing 21b has a radially outwardly extending one Wall 80 on, in the axial openings or Bores 82, 84 are provided which provide a fluid connection create between the annular chamber 72 and the annular space 23b. In order to merely flow into the annular chamber 72 Allowing annular space 23b is one with a central one Hole provided rubber washer 86 provided as a diaphragm valve forms the backflow preventer 71. The rubber washer 76 is in one at its radially outer edge corresponding groove of the wall 80 and puts in their In the rest position, the bores 82, 86 close to them on.

    Die Buchse 21b stößt mit einem ringförmigen, an der Wand 80 vorgesehenen radialen Vorsprung 88 an den hier scheibenförmig ausgebildeten Düsenkörper 31b an, dessen Öffnung 33b mit dem Formkörper 43 den hier zylinderförmigen Ringspalt 47 begrenzt und eine Kreisringdüse für Dampf bildet.The sleeve 21b abuts an annular, on the Wall 80 provided radial projection 88 on the here disc-shaped nozzle body 31b, the Opening 33b with the shaped body 43 which is cylindrical here Annular gap 47 limited and an annular nozzle for steam forms.

    Der Formkörper 43b ist axial unverschieblich mit einer Scheibe 92 verbunden, die in dem zylindrischen Aufnahmeraum 78 sitzt. Die Scheibe 92 stützt sich mit jeweils ringförmigen, in entgegengesetzten Richtungen axial vorstehenden Vorsprüngen, sowohl an dem Düsenkörper 31b, als auch an einer Steuerventilscheibe 94 ab, die eine kegelförmige Dampfeinlaßöffnung 96 aufweist. Die Scheibe 92 ist mit mehreren, auf einem konzentrisch zu der Längsmittelachse 29b liegenden Kreis angeordneten Axialbohrungen 98, 100 versehen, die von einer randseitig eingespannten, den Rückflußverhinderer 70 bildenden Gummischeibe 102 abgedeckt sind. In Ruhestellung liegt die auf der dem Düsenkörper 3lb zugewandten Seite angeordnete Gummischeibe 102 an den Axialbohrungen 98, 100 an, wobei sie die Axialbohrungen 98, 100 für eine Flußrichtung von dem Dampfanschluß Ol zu dem Ringspalt 47b freigibt.The molded body 43b is axially immovable with a disc 92 connected in the cylindrical Recording room 78 sits. The disk 92 is supported each ring-shaped, in opposite directions axially protruding projections, both on the nozzle body 31b, as well as on a control valve disk 94, the one has conical steam inlet opening 96. The disc 92 is with several, on one concentric to the longitudinal central axis 29b lying circle arranged axial bores 98, 100 provided by an edge clamped, the rubber washer 102 forming the backflow preventer 70 are covered. In the rest position it is on the Nozzle body 3lb side facing rubber washer 102 to the axial bores 98, 100, wherein they are the axial bores 98, 100 for a flow direction from the steam connection Releases oil to the annular gap 47b.

    Der kegelstumpfförmigen und einen Ventilsitz bildenden Dampfeinlaßöffnung 96 ist ein in der Buchse 57b axial verschiebbares Ventilglied l04 zugeordnet, das an seinem, in die Dampfeinlaßöffnung 96 hinein bewegbaren Ende kegelstumpfförmig ausgebildet und dort mit einem O-Ring 106 versehen ist. Das Ventilglied l04 kann unterschiedliche Axialpositionen einnehmen, wobei in Figur 3 oberhalb der Längsmittelachse 29b eine ganz geschlossene Ventilstellung und unterhalb der Längsmittelachse 29b eine ganz offene Ventilstellung dargestellt ist. Wenn das Ventilglied 104 Zwischenstellungen einnimmt, ist ein Teillastbetrieb möglich.The frustoconical and a valve seat Vapor inlet port 96 is axial in sleeve 57b slidable valve member l04 assigned to its, end movable into the steam inlet opening 96 in the shape of a truncated cone trained and there with an O-ring 106 is provided. The valve member l04 can be different Assume axial positions, in Figure 3 above the Longitudinal central axis 29b a completely closed valve position and a completely open one below the longitudinal central axis 29b Valve position is shown. When the valve member 104 Intermediate positions is a partial load operation possible.

    Die Funktionsweise des insoweit beschriebenen Injektors 1b stimmt im wesentlichen mit der Funktionsweise des Injektors 1 überein, wobei jedoch der Rückflußverhinderer 71 ausschließt, daß Warmwasser oder Dampf an den Kaltwasseranschlüssen 02, 03 austreten. Der Rückflußverhinderer 70 bewirkt, daß weder Kaltwasser, noch Warmwasser durch den Dampfanschluß O1 zurückdrücken können.How the injector described so far works 1b essentially agrees with the functioning of the Injector 1 match, but with the backflow preventer 71 excludes hot water or steam at the cold water connections Exit 02, 03. The backflow preventer 70 causes neither cold water nor hot water can push back through the steam connection O1.

    Der Injektor 1b besteht im wesentlichen aus rotationssymmetrischen Teilen, was die Fertigung erheblich vereinfacht.The injector 1b essentially consists of rotationally symmetrical ones Share what is manufacturing significantly simplified.

    In Fig. 4 ist schematisch eine Wärmeverbraucherstation dargestellt, die an ihrem Dampfanschluß 01 mit über eine Dampfleitung herangeführten Dampf beaufschlagt ist. In der Wärmverbraucherstation anfallendes Kondensat wird über eine den Kaltwasseranschluß 02 bildende Kondensatsammelleitung abgeführt. Die Wärmeverbraucherstation enthält im wesentlichen einen Wärmeverbraucher 110, der über eine Vorlaufleitung 112 an den Flansch 15 des Injektors 1 angeschlossen und mit Warmwasser versorgt ist. Der Injektor 1 ist mit seinem Flansch 4 an den Dampfanschluß 01 angeschlossen. Der Flansch 5 ist über eine Saugleitung an der Kondensatsammelleitung angeschlossen, an die auch der Wärmeverbraucher 110 mit einer Rücklaufleitung 114 angeschlossen ist. Der Verbraucher 110 ist ein beliebiger mit Warmwasser beheizbarer industrieller Verbraucher.4 schematically shows a heat consumer station shown, the at their steam connection 01 with over a steam line is supplied with steam. Condensate accumulating in the heat consumer station via a condensate manifold forming the cold water connection 02 dissipated. The heat consumer station contains essentially a heat consumer 110 that has a Flow line 112 to the flange 15 of the injector 1 connected and supplied with hot water. The injector 1 is with its flange 4 to the steam connection 01 connected. The flange 5 is connected to a suction line the condensate manifold, to which the Heat consumer 110 connected to a return line 114 is. The consumer 110 is any with Industrial consumer heatable water.

    Im Gegensatz dazu zeigt die Fig. 5 eine mit Warmwasser betriebene Wohnraumheizung 116, die mittels des Injektors 1b nach Fig. 2 mit Warmwasser beaufschlagt ist. Die Wohnraumheizung 116 ist über die Vorlaufleitung 112 mit dem Flansch 15b des Injektors 1b verbunden, während die Rücklaufleitung 114 direkt an den an einen Sauganschluß bildenden Flansch 5b des Injektors 1b geführt ist. Das über die Rücklaufleitung 114 herangeführte Kondensat durchströmt den Injektor 1b quer und wird an dem Schraubflansch 74 heraus- und in die Kondensatsammelleitung 02 abgeleitet.In contrast, Fig. 5 shows one with hot water operated living space heater 116, which by means of 2 is supplied with hot water. The living space heater 116 is via the flow line 112 connected to the flange 15b of the injector 1b while the return line 114 directly to the to a suction port forming flange 5b of the injector 1b is guided. The condensate brought in via the return line 114 flows across the injector 1b and is on the screw flange 74 out and into the condensate manifold 02 derived.

    Eine weitere Anwendung ist in Fig. 6 dargestellt, bei der ein Warmwasserbecken 118 mittels des Injektors 1a mit Warmwasser gespeist ist. Das Becken ist über die an dem Flansch 15a angeschlossene Vorlaufleitung 112 mit Warmwasser gespeist. Das Warmwasser wird durch Mischung, das heißt Injektion des an dem Dampfanschluß 01 anliegenden Dampfes mit aus der Kondensatsammelleitung 02 angesaugtem, kühleren Kondensat erzeugt. Dazu ist der Injektor la mit seinem Flansch 4a an den Dampfanschluß 01 und mit seinem Flansch 5a an die Kondensatsammelleitung 02 angeschlossen. Mittels des Injektors 1a wird das aus der Kondensatsammelleitung 02 stammende Kondensat sowohl erwärmt, als auch in das möglicherweise höhergelegene Warmwasserbecken 118 gefördert.Another application is shown in Fig. 6, at which a hot water tank 118 by means of the injector 1a Hot water is fed. The pelvis is above that at the Flange 15a connected flow line 112 with hot water fed. The hot water is mixed by that is called the injection of the steam connection 01 Steam with sucked in from the condensate manifold 02, cooler condensate generated. For this purpose, the injector la is included its flange 4a to the steam connection 01 and with its Flange 5a connected to the condensate manifold 02. By means of the injector 1a, the condensate manifold 02 originating condensate both heated and in the possibly higher-lying hot water pool 118 promoted.

    Bei der in Fig. 7 dargestellten Wärmeverbraucherstation ist der Injektor 1 mit seinem als Sauganschluß dienenden Flansch 5 an ein Kaltwasserbecken 120 angeschlossen. Der über den Flansch 4 aus dem Dampfanschluß 01 in den Injektor einströmende Dampf fördert aus dem Kaltwasserbecken 120 angesaugtes Kaltwasser und erwärmt dieses. Das so erzeugte Warmwasser steht mit erhöhtem Druck an dem Flansch 15 bereit und strömt über die Vorlaufleitung 112 in das Warmwasserbecken 118. Der Injektor 1 wirkt damit zugleich als Pumpe.In the heat consumer station shown in FIG. 7 is the injector 1 with its as a suction connection serving flange 5 connected to a cold water basin 120. The flange 4 from the steam connection 01 Steam flowing into the injector conveys from the cold water basin 120 drawn cold water and heats it. The hot water generated in this way is under increased pressure ready on the flange 15 and flows over the feed line 112 into the hot water pool 118. The injector 1 acts with it as a pump.

    Bei der in Fig. 8 dargestellten Wärmeverbraucherstation wird mittels des Dampfinjektors 1 in einem Reservoir 122 gehaltenes Wasser im Kreislauf erwärmt. Dazu ist der mit seinem Flansch 4 an dem Dampfanschluß 01 liegende Injektor mit seinem Flansch 5 so an das Reservoir 122 angeschlossen, daß dem Reservoir 122 Wasser in seinem Bodenbereich entnommen wird. Der Flansch 15 führt in das Reservoir 122 zurück und speist dieses mit Warmwasser. Wird der Flansch 4 des Injektors 1 mit Dampf beaufschlagt, saugt der Injektor über den Flansch 5 bodennahes Kaltwasser aus dem Reservoir 122 ab und speist das sich mit Dampf mischende und dadurch erwärmende Wasser in das Reservoir 122 zurück.In the heat consumer station shown in Fig. 8 is by means of the steam injector 1 in one Reservoir 122 kept heated water in the circuit. To is the one with its flange 4 on the steam connection 01 lying injector with its flange 5 so to the reservoir 122 connected to the reservoir 122 water in its Bottom area is removed. The flange 15 leads into the Reservoir 122 back and feeds this with hot water. If steam is applied to the flange 4 of the injector 1, the injector sucks cold water over the flange 5 close to the ground from the reservoir 122 and feeds it with Steam mixing and thereby warming water into the Reservoir 122 back.

    Claims (25)

    1. Injector (1) for introducing a vaporous heat carrier into a fluid to be heated,
      with a mixing chamber (51) which has a discharge opening (17) and at least one section of annular construction which is delimited radially by an inner wall (49, 53) and an outer wall (19),
      with a nozzle (31) which can be supplied with the vaporous heat carrier and opens into the mixing chamber (51),
      with at least one inlet opening (39) which can be supplied with the fluid to be heated and opens into the annular section of the mixing chamber (51) and which is disposed after the ring nozzle (31) with respect to the through-flow direction defined by the ring nozzle (31),
      characterised in that
      the nozzle (31) has an outlet opening (47) in the form of an annular gap, and that
      the inlet opening (39) opens into the suction region with a substantially radial direction of opening.
    2. Injector as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the through-flow direction is fixed axially with respect to the ring nozzle (31).
    3. Injector as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that an annular suction region into which the inlet opening (39) opens is constructed in the mixing chamber (51).
    4. Injector as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the inlet opening (39) is formed by an annular gap disposed coaxially with the ring nozzle (31).
    5. Injector as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the inner wall (49, 53) and the outer wall (19) define a flow cross-section which at least in part widens away from the ring nozzle (31).
    6. Injector as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the injector (1) has a guide member (43) which is surrounded by the discharge opening (47) in the form of an annular gap and extends away from the latter and following the discharge opening (47) forms an inner wall of the annular section of the mixing chamber (51).
    7. Injector as claimed in Claim 6, characterised in that the ring nozzle which delimits the mixing chamber (51) at the end is formed by an opening (33) which is provided on a nozzle body (31) and through which the guide member (43) passes.
    8. Injector as claimed in Claim 6, characterised in that the flow member (43) has a cylindrical section (49) which extends in a cylindrical section of the mixing chamber (5 1).
    9. Injector as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the section of the mixing chamber (51) which is of annular construction is flowed through axially.
    10. Injector as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the section of the mixing chamber (51) which is of annular construction has a constant flow cross-section at least over a region of its longitudinal extent.
    11. Injector as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the section of the mixing chamber (51) which is of annular construction has at least a region of hollow cylindrical construction.
    12. Injector as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the length of the annular section of the mixing chamber (51) is greater than or equal to the external diameter of the section and is dimensioned in such a way that vapour which has flowed in is completely condensed before it leaves the region.
    13. Injector as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the radial thickness of the annular section (51) is considerably smaller than the external diameter of the inner wall.
    14. Injector as claimed in Claim 13, characterised in that the radial thickness of the annular section (51) amounts at most to one fifth of the external diameter of the inner wall.
    15. Injector as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the ring nozzle (31) has a gap width which is small towards its external diameter.
    16. Injector as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the diameter of the opening forming the ring nozzle (31) corresponds substantially to the internal diameter of the outer wall (19) of the mixing chamber (51).
    17. Injector as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the ring nozzle (31) is designed so as to be variable in its flow cross-section.
    18. Injector as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the guide member (43) is held so as to be movable in such a way that the extent by which it protrudes into the mixing chamber (51) is adjustable.
    19. Injector as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that the injector (1) has a channel (60, 62, 64) by way of which the discharge opening (17) is connected to the inlet opening (39).
    20. Injector as claimed in Claim 19, characterised in that the channel (60, 62, 64) by way of which the discharge opening (17) is connected to the inlet opening (39) is of annular construction and surrounds the mixing chamber (51).
    21. Injector as claimed in Claim 1, characterised in that a non-return valve (70) is disposed before the ring nozzle (31).
    22. Injector as claimed in Claim 21, characterised in that a non-return valve (71) is disposed before the inlet opening (39).
    23. Method of introducing a vaporous heat carrier into a fluid to be heated, in order to heat the latter,
      in which a vapour jet with annular cross-section is produced which has a fixed stationary region within which the static pressure assumes a minimum, and
      in which the fluid to be heated is delivered in a radial direction, with respect to the vapour jet, to the vapour jet with annular cross-section in the region of its minimum static pressure.
    24. Method as claimed in Claim 23, characterised in that in order to regulate the heating of the fluid the annular cross-sectional surface of the vapour jet is varied, the static pressure of the vaporous heat carrier being kept constant.
    25. Use of the injector as claimed in Claim 1 for introducing steam into water to be heated.
    EP95118403A 1995-01-27 1995-11-23 Steam injector Expired - Lifetime EP0724079B1 (en)

    Applications Claiming Priority (2)

    Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
    DE19502539 1995-01-27
    DE19502539A DE19502539C2 (en) 1995-01-27 1995-01-27 Steam injector

    Publications (2)

    Publication Number Publication Date
    EP0724079A1 EP0724079A1 (en) 1996-07-31
    EP0724079B1 true EP0724079B1 (en) 2000-05-17

    Family

    ID=7752456

    Family Applications (1)

    Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
    EP95118403A Expired - Lifetime EP0724079B1 (en) 1995-01-27 1995-11-23 Steam injector

    Country Status (3)

    Country Link
    EP (1) EP0724079B1 (en)
    AT (1) ATE193098T1 (en)
    DE (2) DE19502539C2 (en)

    Families Citing this family (6)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    DE19719120C2 (en) * 1997-05-07 2000-10-12 Schneider Bochumer Maschf A Device for cooling superheated steam
    SE516081C2 (en) 1999-01-26 2001-11-12 Tetra Laval Holdings & Finance Method for controlling a steam injector
    DE1106838T1 (en) * 1999-12-10 2002-06-13 Zhuhai Velocity Of Sound Techn Component of a heating system
    DE102007017704B4 (en) 2007-04-14 2009-12-31 Gea Tds Gmbh Injector and method for introducing a vaporous heat carrier into a liquid product
    DE102013008435A1 (en) * 2013-05-17 2014-11-20 Herbert Kannegiesser Gmbh Method and device for direct heating of liquids for wet treatment of particular laundry with steam
    EP3480435B1 (en) * 2017-11-07 2022-03-02 Volvo Car Corporation Valve device for a rankine system

    Family Cites Families (11)

    * Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
    Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
    DE268934C (en) *
    DE407692C (en) * 1923-08-22 1925-01-03 Actien Ges Der Dillinger Huett Jet pump
    US1803054A (en) * 1926-01-09 1931-04-28 Superheater Co Ltd Method and apparatus for heating fluids
    GB612839A (en) * 1946-05-04 1948-11-18 Spirax Mfg Company Ltd Improvements in, or relating to, steam-operated heaters for water and other liquids
    DE924122C (en) * 1952-01-12 1955-02-24 Huels Chemische Werke Ag Injector for pumping solid, liquid, vapor or gaseous substances
    GB790459A (en) * 1955-07-25 1958-02-12 Schiff And Stern Ges M B H Improvements in or relating to injector devices
    GB1397435A (en) * 1972-08-25 1975-06-11 Hull F R Regenerative vapour power plant
    DE2332582A1 (en) * 1973-06-27 1975-01-09 Holstein & Kappert Maschf Injector pump for pumping and metering - has tube with a conical restrictor at the outlet of driving fluid
    DE2342841A1 (en) * 1973-08-24 1975-03-20 Baelz Gmbh Helmut Three way valve for hot water heating - has housing with two valve chambers and adjustable valve element coaxial with outlet
    DE2346112A1 (en) * 1973-09-13 1975-03-20 Baelz Gmbh Helmut Injection type pump for central heating - has adjustable flow openings for both pumping and pumped flow
    IL74282A0 (en) * 1985-02-08 1985-05-31 Dan Greenberg Multishaft jet suction device

    Also Published As

    Publication number Publication date
    DE19502539C2 (en) 1997-10-02
    EP0724079A1 (en) 1996-07-31
    DE59508350D1 (en) 2000-06-21
    DE19502539A1 (en) 1996-08-01
    ATE193098T1 (en) 2000-06-15

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