EP0723605B1 - Jacquard machine - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a jacquard machine without the use of Harness cords comes along, and a method for operating the invention Jacquard machine.

In a conventional jacquard machine, boards are used for lifting and lowering the warp threads of a weaving machine connected to the jacquard machine depending on the weaving patterns to be coupled with driven knives or detached from them. When the boards are connected to the driven knives, they lead one compartment-forming lifting and lowering movement. By means of a board selection device depending on the weaving pattern to be woven, certain sinkers selected, which are separated from the driven knives and thus on not participate in the lifting and lowering movement. The reporting of the weaving pattern is done using a variety of harness cords, which is a form-fitting Connection between the sinkers and the warp threads during the lowering movement allow. One warp thread in the repeat of the weaving pattern is with one plate over one Harness cord connected. To establish the positive connection during the lowering movement are generally at the opposite ends of the boards the harness cords provided tension springs.

In a jacquard machine according to the preamble of claim 1 (FR-A-21 85 702), the plate selection device has a periodically up and down movable formed by a leaf spring element deformable element on which carries a holding element with a groove in which a patine is recorded. The deformable element can have two transverse to the up and down movement Take positions, namely a basic position, in which the board in the Groove can be moved up and down, and a selection position in which the board in the Groove is pinched and can be deflected to select this board. To the Deformation to achieve the selection position is an external mechanical Load-causing obstacle to the free up and down movement of the deformable Elements opposed.

The use of harness cords to control the lifting and lowering movement of the Warp threads are disadvantageous because the harness cords are subject to great wear and the replacement of a broken harness cord during the operation of the Weaving machine leads to a longer production downtime.

In DE-PS 22 30 486 is a harness-free to avoid this disadvantage Jacquard machine has been proposed. To control each one Warp thread is a push-off device for coupling one for each warp thread provided circuit board provided with two reciprocating lifting knives. The Push-off device comprises a selection device, which according to the weaving pattern selects individual boards, which are based on the lifting and lowering movement of the Do not participate in the lifting knife. The boards are on their underside, the so-called Board bottom, each connected with a strand, which with the to be lifted or closed lowering warp thread is engaged. Because the push-off device works together with the lifting knives, however, is only capable of lifting the warp threads to convey are tension springs for the lowering movement at the lower ends of the strands of the warp threads provided. DE-PS 22 30 486 discloses the possibility of one Individual control of the warp threads of the weaving machine and the replacement of the Harness cords through tear-resistant strands; for the lowering movement of the warp threads however tension springs are still required. The known jacquard machine turns up therefore as a positive during the lifting movement and during the Lowering movement represents non-positive jacquard machine.

From DE-AS 21 19 053 is a harnessless device for training known on looms. To generate the lifting and lowering movement of the warp threads a wire or bobbin element is provided for each warp thread, which is by means of a strand or rod is connected to the relevant warp threads. The wire or Coil elements are arranged in a static magnetic field and are connected to a electrical current is applied. Depending on the current direction, the wire or Coil elements either deformed up or down or deflected. The the resulting lifting or lowering movement is opened by means of the strands or rods transfer the warp threads. However, such an arrangement is due to the need high currents and magnetic field strengths are practically difficult to achieve.

The present invention is therefore based on the object of a jacquard machine to create the form-fitting in both the lifting and lowering movements works and enables a quick change of the position of the warp threads. Furthermore, it is the object of the present invention, a method for operating the Specify jacquard machine according to the invention.

With regard to the jacquard machine, the task is characterized by the characteristics of the Claim 1 solved.

The invention is based on the finding that the use of a bistable Element that a first under the action of a mechanical deformation stress stable position in the stroke position of the board and a second stable Has position in the lower position of the board, easy control both the lifting and lowering movement of the boards offers. The term circuit board is used here and used below for a movement element that has a positive Connection between a (board) selection device and the one to be controlled Warp thread guaranteed. The board selection device acts on the bistable element that a particular one of the two states for the selected Boards is reached safely.

Claims 2 to 17 relate to advantageous developments of the invention Jacquard machine.

According to claims 2 and 3, the board with the bistable element either directly or by means of a lifting device or the like.

The bistable element can advantageously be elastically deformable, in particular in the form of a Rod or a leaf spring may be formed. The mechanical deformation stress can thereby by an axially or longitudinally directed force component on the Act on the rod or leaf spring. According to claims 8 and 9, this can be done by bringing together two in the end region of the rod or the leaf spring arranged bearing points z. B. by means of an eccentric or a hydraulic or Pneumatic pistons happen.

According to claims 10 to 13 can advantageously continue Locking element can be provided that the bistable element in one of its locked position locked. Thus, during a locking time prevents the assigned board from participating in the lifting and lowering movement. An unlocking element can also advantageously be provided that the bistable Releases the element after a specified locking time.

Furthermore, an initial device can be provided according to claims 14 to 17, the one depending on a corresponding control signal Initial deflection of the bistable element causes, the bistable element after the action of the mechanical deformation stress (as the first state at Commissioning of the jacquard machine) one of the two stable ones Takes on situation. The initial device can e.g. B. hydraulic, pneumatic, operated electromagnetically or electrostatically.

The object is achieved with regard to the method for operating the invention Jacquard machine solved by the features of claims 21 or 23.

The claim 21 relates to the operation of the jacquard machine as Open pocket jacquard machine. The bistable elements change immediately between the two stable positions and are locked in these states. After each weft entry of the loom it is determined which sinkers for the next weft entry of the weaving machine according to the weaving pattern of its condition have to change. The position of the bistable elements is changed by unlocking and exercising the mechanical Deformation stress, so that the bistable elements the other stable Reach situation.

The claim 23 relates to a method for operating the jacquard machine as Closed pocket jacquard machine. The bistable elements go after everyone Weft entry of the weaving machine back into a neutral position. After selection the boards to be lifted and the boards to be lowered become a corresponding one Initial deflection is exerted on each of the bistable elements so that the bistable Elements by exerting the mechanical deformation stress into a certain one of the two stable states.

The jacquard machine explained above looks for each warp thread of the weaving machine a bistable element, in particular an elastically deformable rod or a elastically deformable leaf spring, in front, each with a non-positive and positive connection is connected to the associated warp thread. By periodically on the bistable External mechanical deformation stress acting on the element becomes bistable Element led to one of its two stable positions, and the associated one The warp thread is lowered or raised accordingly.

In a further development, it is advantageous if the mechanical deformation stress is on the bistable elements can be exercised in a simple manner and after it is done Shed formation a secure weft entry of the loom is guaranteed.

This is achieved by the characterizing features of claim 24.

To exert the mechanical deformation stress on the bistable elements a tensioning device is provided in which the bistable elements at least are stored on one side. The tensioning device is non-positively connected to a drive shaft but not positively coupled, so that the clamping device from the drive shaft is carried when the tensioning device is not stopped. Such The tensioning device is stopped by means of a locking device when the Boards have reached their raised or lowered state by one to ensure safe weft insertion of the looms, in particular to this To be able to maintain the condition for several shots if necessary. The tensioning device has a tensioning lever which is connected to the drive shaft non-positive, e.g. B. is resiliently connected.

Claims 25 to 39 contain advantageous developments of this idea.

The locking device can according to claim 25 in a simple manner as a shoe brake be formed and can be pivoted according to claim 26 have mounted brake lever, the suitable brake shoes from a low wear material with a high coefficient of friction, from one sawtooth-like engagement arrangement or the like., The necessary braking force for Stopping the tensioning device on suitable parts of the tensioning device, in particular the tensioning lever according to claim 24. The brake shoes can be either applied directly to the brake lever according to claim 27, arranged on this or, in order to avoid shearing, to be embedded in it. Training as a shoe brake is advantageous because when the vibration path changes the tensioning device does not require any adjustment, but this is essential safe hold in the braking position.

The brake lever of the locking device can be advantageous according to claim 28 be biased such that one for stopping the same on the tensioning device sufficient braking force is exerted. This has the advantage that the braking force without more energy consuming units is applied and z. B. in the event of failure of Operating voltage of the machine, the clamping device is automatically stopped.

In order to release the locking device, the shoe brake must be released in a suitable manner be. This can be according to claim 29 by a camshaft and or Electromagnets are made. In the released state, the locking device can be by means of a z. B. on the brake lever acting electromagnet according to claim 30 be fixed until it has to be locked again. Of the Electromagnet can also be energized only briefly for control purposes, then must to ensure safe holding in the released state, e.g. B. can according to claim 31, a permanent magnet can be provided which, after activation by the electromagnet can hold the brake lever.

Alternatively, the locking device according to claim 32 in a simple manner designed as an electromagnetically, pneumatically or hydraulically actuated plunger be the movement path of the tensioning device when actuated accordingly blocked.

A locking device designed as a shoe brake can be designed according to claim 33 advantageously be further developed by means of a toggle lever, which is in its extended Position by means of a brake shoe stops the tensioning device and in its angled position releases the jig. For brake booster can further be provided according to claim 34, a brake lever, power arm and Active arm of the lever device to that required to stop the tensioning device Braking force must be adjusted.

To operate the toggle lever can be according to claim 35 at one end of the Knee lever arranged toggle lever drive shaft can be provided, which like that Drive shaft for the clamping device executes a rocking movement such that the Toggle lever is transformed between its extended and angled position.

To fix the toggle lever in its extended position and thus the Locking the clamping device can be a suitable according to claim 36 Holding device may be provided. The holding device can be adjusted in a simple manner Claim 37 may be formed by an electromagnet, according to claim 38 with a restoring device associated with the toggle lever can cooperate. Alternatively, the toggle lever can be designed so that it is in its extended position snaps into place. This can be achieved in a simple manner by extending the toggle lever become. To release the toggle lever and thus the stopped clamping device can an electromagnetically, pneumatically, hydraulically or the like actuatable plunger be provided according to claim 39.

Fig. 1:

ein erstes Ausführungsbeispiel der Platinenansteuerung bei der erfindungsgemäßen Jacquardmaschine;

Fig. 2:

ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel der Platinenansteuerung bei der erfindungsgemäßen Jacquardmaschine;

Fig. 3A bis Fig. 3E:

Diagramme zur Erläuterung der erfindungsgemäßen Platinenansteuerung in verschiedenen Bewegungsphasen;

Fig. 4:

Kaskadenanordnung zur Erhöhung der Dichte der Platinen bei der erfindungsgemäßen Jacquardmaschine;

Fig. 5:

ein drittes Ausführungsbeispiel zur Platinenansteuerung bei der erfindungsgemäßen Jacquardmaschine;

Fig. 6:

ein Platinenhub-Zeitdiagramm zur Erläuterung der Arbeitsweise dererfindungsgemäßen Jacquardmaschine.

Fig. 7

einen Schnitt durch eine erste Weiterbildung der erfindungsgemäßen Platinenantriebseinrichtung einschließlich Platinenauswahleinrichtung;

Fig. 8

einen Schnitt durch eine zweite Weiterbildung der Erfindung;

Fig. 9

einen Schnitt durch eine dritte Weiterbildung der Erfindung;

Fig. 10

einen Schnitt durch eine vierte Weiterbildung der Erfindung unter Verwendung eines Kniehebels in gestreckter Stellung;

Fig. 11

einen Schnitt durch eine vierte Weiterbildung der Erfindung unter Verwendung eines Kniehebels in abgewinkelter Stellung;

Fig. 12

einen Schnitt durch eine fünfte Weiterbildung der Erfindung unter Verwendung eines Kniehebels in gestreckter Stellung;

Fig. 13

einen Schnitt durch eine fünfte Weiterbildung der Erfindung unter Verwendung eines Kniehebels in abgewinkelter Stellung.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings. Show it

Fig. 1:

a first embodiment of the board control in the jacquard machine according to the invention;

Fig. 2:

a second embodiment of the board control in the jacquard machine according to the invention;

3A to 3E:

Diagrams for explaining the board control according to the invention in different movement phases;

Fig. 4:

Cascade arrangement for increasing the density of the boards in the jacquard machine according to the invention;

Fig. 5:

a third embodiment of the board control in the jacquard machine according to the invention;

Fig. 6:

a sinker stroke timing diagram for explaining the operation of the inventive jacquard machine.

Fig. 7

a section through a first development of the board drive device according to the invention including board selection device;

Fig. 8

a section through a second development of the invention;

Fig. 9

a section through a third development of the invention;

Fig. 10

a section through a fourth development of the invention using a toggle lever in the extended position;

Fig. 11

a section through a fourth development of the invention using a toggle lever in an angled position;

Fig. 12

a section through a fifth development of the invention using a toggle lever in the extended position;

Fig. 13

a section through a fifth development of the invention using a toggle lever in an angled position.

Fig. 1 shows a first embodiment of the board control in the Jacquard machine according to the invention. Only the arrangement for one is shown single board that multiple according to the number of boards used is available. The board control has a bistable element (in the present Embodiment as an elastically deformable rod 1). By means of a Hydraulic device 2a and 2b and a linkage 3a and 3b is the rod 1 with a Axial force pair resilient, so that on the rod 1 a mechanical deformation stress acts. The rod 1 is in the bearing points 4a and 4b rotatably mounted on the linkage 3a and 3b. The upper stable position the rod is shown in the figure as a solid line, while the lower one stable position is indicated in the figure as a broken line. in the The middle region of the deformable rod 1 is a plate 6 at a bearing point 5 stored and positively and positively connected to the rod 1. At the bottom of the The circuit board 6 has an eyelet 7 for receiving a warp thread. However, it is also possible a fastening device for a strand or on the underside of the board the like to provide the connection between the warp threads and the Board 6 mediates.

After axial loading of the rod 1, this either takes its upper stable Situation or its lower stable state. Which of the two stable ones Position conditions is selected depends largely on the initial conditions Apply the axial load on rod 1. To specifically change this An initial device 8 can be provided for the initial conditions Embodiment is also designed as a hydraulic device. On the Operation of the initial device 8 will be discussed further below. For Locking the elastically deformable rod 1 in its stable position is a Locking element 9 is provided, which is rotatably mounted on the linkage 3a. On On the side of the linkage 3b, the locking element 9 has a pawl end 10, in which the linkage 3b after reaching any of the two stable Position of the rod 1 snaps into place. If the elastically deformable rod 1 in its upper stable position is also the one with this over the board 6 connected warp thread in a raised state while the Warp thread is in a lowered state when the elastically deformable rod 1, assumes its lower stable position. While locking the rod 1 by the locking element 10 is the shed of the loom consequently open.

Due to the weaving pattern to be woven, it must be requested that the one with the plate 6 connected warp thread from the raised to the lowered position or vice versa changes, the locking state is determined by means of an unlocking element 11, that executed in the illustrated embodiment as a controllable electromagnet is finished. The electromagnet 11 causes a lifting of the Locking element 9, so that the movement of the linkage 3a and 3b released becomes. Due to the elastic deformation of the rod 1, it is in together with the board 6 in Accelerated towards the other stable position. Through the in the Existing kinetic energy becomes the dead center there overcome, and the elastically deformable rod 1 is at least slightly in Direction to the other stable position deformed. In this Movement phase sets again by means of the hydraulic device 2a and 2b acting axial load on the rod 1, which ultimately makes it perfect is deformed such that it assumes the other stable position.

Through this sequence of movements, the circuit board 6 and the connection with it standing warp thread from the raised to the lowered state or vice versa transferred. After reaching a new stable position of the elastically deformable Rod 1 snaps the linkage 3b in turn into the pawl-like end 10 of the Locking element 9, provided that the electromagnet 11 is de-energized. The deformable Rod 1 and the circuit board 6 remain in the raised or lowered state, until this state changes again depending on the weaving pattern to be woven must become.

The initial device 8 is used in the above-described operation of the Jacquard machine according to the invention as an open compartment jacquard machine only for safe reaching of the raised or lowered state Commissioning of the machine and can also be omitted. If the Initial device 8 is through a suitable pre-deformation of the rod 1 ensure that when the rod is put into operation first one of the two assumes a stable position. For this basic or pre-deformation can already the gravity of the board 6 should be sufficient. Finally, you can do without it be that all bistable elements so the rods 1 at startup assume the predefined position if an empty cycle without Weft entry of the weaving machine is made in which the Initial positional states of the bistable elements 1 are produced.

Furthermore, a sensor element or a pair of sensor elements 30a, 30b can be provided to detect whether the elastically deformable rod 1 is in the raised or lowered position. The sensor elements 30a, 30b can e.g. as electrical contacts but also as non-contact proximity sensors be trained. Especially when no initial device 8 is used Sensor elements 30a, 30b are particularly advantageous because when the machine is started up it can be determined with certainty in which of the two stable positional states one is each of the elastically deformable rods 1 in the present exemplary embodiment trained bistable element. The state of those elastic deformable rods 1, which are in relation to the subsequent weft entry of the Weaving machine is not in the intended position, can then during the subsequent cycle of the acting deformation force in the other Situation can be transferred. Even after the machine has been started up Use of the sensor elements 30a, 30b advantageous, since they can be determined at any time can whether the elastically deformable rods 1 and the plates 6 in the with Woven pattern are in the same position. Should this be for a specific Board 6 may not be the case due to an operational error, so this error may occur can be eliminated in the next cycle and therefore does not spread over the entire cycle Webware continues.

In Fig. 2 is another embodiment of the board control in the Jacquard machine according to the invention shown. Instead of an elastically deformable one Rod 1 or an elastically deformable leaf spring is the bistable element in shown embodiment from a scissor-like linkage 1a and 1b, the engages rotatably in the bearing points 4a and 4b in the linkage 3a and 3b. The Bearing points 4a and 4b are as in the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 can be brought together and separated by means of a hydraulic device 2a and 2b. The The device also has the locking mechanism already described with reference to FIG. 1. and unlocking device 9-11. The scissor-like linkage 1a and 1b has an upper, first stable shown in FIG. 2 by means of solid lines Positional state and a second shown in Fig. 2 by means of broken lines lower stable position. After merging the two bearing points 4a and 4b the bistable element 1a, 1b assumes one of the two stable positional states. A targeted selection of a specific one of the two stable situation states can either by means of the hydraulic or pneumatic piston 8 shown in FIG. 1, or as shown in Fig. 2, by means of two electromagnets 8a and 8b. We then a control pulse is applied to the electromagnets 8a, that is to say it excites a control pulse downward initial deformation of the bistable element 1a and 1b, so that the bistable element la and 1b after merging the two bearing points 4a and 4b changes to the lower stable position. Conversely, the bistable element la 1b after merging the two bearing points 4a and 4b in the upper stable Position state over when a corresponding control pulse on the electromagnet 8b acts, so this is excited (and the other electromagnet 8a is de-energized).

A significant difference from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 for the embodiment shown in Fig. 2 is that the elastic Tension energy of the bistable element for changing the Deformation stress states can not be exploited. But it can elastic tensioning of the warp threads can be used in a corresponding manner. Furthermore, the movement sequence described with reference to FIG. 1 can thereby be achieved be that at least when lifting the board 6 during a first Movement phase of the bearings 4a, 4b by actively operating the pusher 2a, 2b apart, while after passing through the dead center again be brought together.

It should be emphasized that the exemplary embodiments shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 in can be modified in many ways in accordance with the inventive concept. In particular, a section of the elastically deformable bistable element be magnetostrictive or electrostrictive, so that the action of a magnetic or electric field causes the necessary initial deformation. The Thruster 2a, 2b is not necessarily hydraulic or pneumatic to train. The periodic exertion of the mechanical deformation stress on the bistable element can e.g. B. also by means of a gear or an eccentric driven shaft can be effected. In particular, it is also possible to use one of the to provide both bearing points 4a or 4b stationary and only the other Move the bearing point when the deformation force is applied. It is also possible the bistable element is stationary at least at two points but can be rotated to store. The locking element 9 can alternatively each of the two ends of the Lock bistable element 1 separately and independently. The Unlocking element 11 can of course also mechanically in a classic manner be controllable.

3A to 3E the operation of the jacquard machine according to the invention described as a closed pocket jacquard machine. It is believed that the elastically deformable rod 1, which in the present embodiment is the bistable Element forms after each weft entry of the weaving machine into one in FIG. 3A shown neutral initial state returns. The neutral state of the elastic deformable rod 1 corresponds to the closed state of the shed Loom, d. H. all the warp threads in the weaving machine have an approximation same level. After determining which of the warp threads for the next Weft insertion of the weaving machine has to be raised and which warp threads have to be lowered, corresponding control signals are transmitted to all initial devices 8 which are provided for all board control devices. In the present The embodiment is the initial device 8 as a hydraulic or pneumatic piston educated. The initial device 8 causes a slight initial deflection that bistable element 1 as shown in Fig. 3B, towards the lowered one Positional state or as shown in FIG. 3D, in the direction of the raised Can deform the state of the situation. The deformation force required here can be minimal be. It is only required that the subsequent action of the mechanical deformation stress, which means in the illustrated embodiment the hydraulic or pneumatic thruster 2a, 2b is generated, the bistable element, i. H. the rod 1, in one clearly by the initial deflection certain situation.

The complete deformation of the bistable element 1 until one of the 3C and 3E are stable for the upper and lower positions Position status shown. The outgoing from the pusher 2a, 2b Deformation tension is applied to the elastically deformable by means of the linkage 3a, 3b Transfer rod 1. After finishing exercising the elastic Deformation tension relaxes the elastically deformable rod 1 again in the in Fig. 3A shown neutral state. The process described is after each Weft entry of the weaving machine repeated periodically.

Fig. 4 shows a cascade arrangement of the invention Board control devices 13 - 1 to 13 - 5. In the tensioning direction of the warp threads 12 several (in the exemplary embodiment shown five) circuit boards 6 - 1 to 6 - 5 are provided, engage in the different warp threads 12 in each case. The assigned Board control devices 13-1 to 13-5 are arranged one above the other. Through the Elimination of the harness cords from the jacquard machine according to the invention the space provided in conventional jacquard machines for tensioning the Harness cords now for the superposition and juxtaposition of the Board control devices according to the invention are available. That in Fig. 4 The arrangement example shown relates to that shown in FIG. 3 Embodiment of the board control devices 13. The individual Board control devices 13-1 through 13-5 operate as shown in FIGS. 3A through 3E explained. However, the individual control devices 13 - 1 to 13 - 5 can also how be explained with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. The single ones Board control devices 13 - 1 to 13 - 5 operate as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and 3A to 3E explained.

Due to the staggered in the direction of deflection of the warp threads 12 sinkers 6-1 to 6 - 5 and the stacking of the individual board control devices 13 - 1 to 13-5, the effective space requirement of a single board control device in Weft direction of the loom, d. H. perpendicular to the tension direction of the warp threads 12, be significantly reduced. The weaving machine in FIG. 4 arrangement shown can be repeated any number of times to each to be able to control individual warp threads individually. By interrupting Lines are the lower stable position of the bistable elements 1 - 1 to 1 - 5 and the lowered state of the sinkers 6 - 1 to 6 - 5 and the warp threads 12 shown. When all the warp threads 12 in the raised or lowered State, the shed 14 is formed between them.

5 shows a further exemplary embodiment of the invention Board control device. In deviation from the previously shown Embodiments, the circuit board 6 is not directly with the bistable element 1, but by means of a lever device 22 which is rotatably mounted at a point 23, with the bistable element, here again a rod 1, non-positively connected. Of the raised state of the board 6 and the corresponding position of the rod 1 and Lever device 22 is shown in FIG. 5 by means of broken lines. Likewise deviating from the previously described embodiments, the one on the rod 1 mechanical deformation stress acting on a driven one Shaft 20 seated eccentric 21 performed periodically. The eccentric 21 opposite end of the rod 1 is clamped in place. By means of the electromagnets 8a and 8b a respective one of the two stable position states of the rod 1, such as already described with reference to FIG. 2, can be reliably selected. Before acting of the eccentric 21 on the rod 1, this undergoes an initial deflection either in Direction to the raised or lowered position. The use of the Lever device 22 in the illustrated embodiment has the advantage that the board stroke or the force for lifting and lowering the board 6 can be varied can.

6 shows the course over time of the sinker stroke in different operating modes of the jacquard machine according to the invention. It is assumed that after the jacquard machine has been started up, every other board is first raised and the other boards are lowered. Then those blanks are selected which must have the state they have just taken - in FIG. 6 the raised state - in the subsequent weft insertion of the weaving machine. The time course of the position of these boards is shown by a dash-dotted line. The other previously raised boards are lowered during the time period t ₁ to t ₃ . The weft insertion of the weaving machine can take place within a predetermined time tolerance range around the time t ₃ . Then it is determined again which sinkers are already in the correct state with regard to the subsequent weft insertion of the weaving machine. These boards remain in the raised or lowered state during the period t3 to t5, while the other boards change their position during this period. The next weft entry of the weaving machine takes place in a time tolerance range around the time t5, etc. This also applies conversely to the sinkers lowered in the initial step.

A section through a first development of the invention Board drive device is shown in Fig. 7. Furthermore, from the figure to see further essential elements of the proposed jacquard machine. How already explained, the jacquard machine has a mechanically deformable bistable Element 1, which in the illustrated embodiment as an elastically deformable rod is trained. However, the bistable element 1 can also have other configurations, e.g. B. in the form of a leaf spring. There is one for each warp thread 12 of the weaving machine such bistable element 1 is provided, each of which only schematically illustrated circuit board 6 and an eyelet 7 is connected to the warp thread 12. By Deform the bistable element 1 in either the lowered state la or the raised state 1b, the associated warp thread 12 is either lowered or raised to form a suitable shed.

The bistable element 1 is part of a board drive device of the jacquard machine. The board drive device has for deformation of the bistable elements 1 furthermore a tensioning device 31, still to be explained, by means of which the bistable elements 1 with an essentially axially acting elastic Deformation stress are applied.

The jacquard machine also has a board detection device 30 to the lowered state la or raised state 1b of the bistable Detect elements separately for each bistable element. When training after 7 is the board detector 30 schematically by two Sensor element arrangements 30a, 30a 'and 30b, 30b' formed, for. B. Hall sensors, Piezo elements or the like, shown. If the bistable element in question 1 is in its lowered state shown in full lines, the lie Sensor element parts 30b and 30b 'opposite, so that this state can be detected. The agreement with the sample data can be determined and the Need to be checked. This is especially after one Initialization required. In the same way, the raised state is determined by means of the Sensor element parts 30a and 30a 'detected.

The clamping device has for applying the mechanical deformation tension 31 a clamping lever 32. Bearing elements 33 are in the clamping lever 32 Storage of the bistable elements 1 is provided. The jig can either take up several or all of the bistable elements 1 of the jacquard machine, a separate clamping lever 32 is expediently provided for each bistable element 1, the tensioning lever in the width extension, not shown, of Jacquard machine are arranged or can be staggered side by side. Of the Tension lever 32 is non-positively but positively coupled to a drive shaft 34 and rotatable on an axis 39 arranged concentrically with the drive shaft 34 stored. A corresponding coupling between the clamping lever 32 and the Drive shaft 34 can either be simple by friction or advantageous via a coupling spring, in particular a leaf spring. To reduce the An undercut 35 (a recess) can be provided for friction. The drive shaft 34 executes an oscillating or rocking movement indicated by the arrow 36 which the clamping lever 32 takes part, if one to be described Locking device is not actuated. To move the drive shaft 32 too to enable if the tensioning lever 32 by means of the still to be described Locking device is stopped, this has one in the illustrated development Recess 37 in which the lower end 38 of the clamping lever 32 is freely movable is.

In addition, the board drive device according to the invention has a Locking device on to the clamping device - in the illustrated development the clamping lever 32 - to be able to stop when the bistable elements 1 either have reached their raised state 1b or lowered state 1a. For this different further developments are described below.

The development shown in FIG. 7 has a particularly simple solution an electromagnet 40 actuatable plunger 41, which the path of movement of Clamping lever 32 blocked at a suitable point. The bistable elements 1 remain thereby in its tensioned state 1a or 1b until the plunger 41 by means of the Electromagnet 40 is removed from the path of movement of the clamping lever 32 and the Tension lever 32 is carried again by the drive shaft 34. Of course can the plunger 41 instead of electromagnetic, pneumatic or hydraulic or operated in another suitable manner. To push the plunger 41 back a return spring 42 may be provided.

8 shows a further development of the locking device. The locking device 8 has a brake lever 51 rotatably mounted on an axis 50. Of the Brake lever 51 is, for example, via a tension spring 52 only shown schematically biased such that the brake lever 51 via a brake shoe 53 to Stopping the clamping lever 32 exerts sufficient force on the same. By the A suitable brake booster is achieved for brake lever 51. Around the cocking lever To release 32 after completing the locking process is a suitable one Device for lifting the brake lever 51 required. This is in the 8, a camshaft 54 is provided which rotates about an axis 55 rotates, synchronously with the rocking movement. The cam 56 of the camshaft 54 raises the brake lever 51 to release the tension lever 32 so far that the brake shoe 53 is brought out of engagement with the clamping lever 32. To hold the brake lever A corresponding holding device is required in the raised position. This can be implemented in a simple manner by an electromagnet 57 which with one arranged on the opposite side of the brake lever 51 Permanent magnets 58 can cooperate to hold the loosened energy Allow (vented) brake lever 51 in this position. When "offering", e.g. B. by means of the camshaft 54, two states are thus possible: is the electromagnet 57 excited, it has an equipolar magnetic field (like the permanent magnet 58), The electromagnet is not why there is no liability but repulsion excited (de-energized), the permanent magnet 58 alone keeps the brake lever 51 de-energized against the restoring force (spring 52) in the open position. With a simplified Embodiment can instead of such a permanent magnet on the Electromagnet 57 opposite side of the brake lever 51 also has an area a material with high magnetic permeability. Solving the Brake lever 51 of the electromagnet 57 takes place by means of the tension spring 52 applied spring force and / or by reversing the polarity of the current direction electromagnet 57. An arrangement according to the rules of "kinematic inversion" is also possible.

For the brake shoe 53, a wear-resistant material is preferably included to provide a high coefficient of friction. The brake shoe 53 can either, as in the training shown, on the underside of the brake lever 51 or on the Be attached to the top of the clamping lever 32. It can also be a sawtooth Engagement arrangement can be provided with a brake shoe cushion, like this is indicated schematically in Figure 8 on the corresponding surface of the clamping lever 32.

The development shown in FIG. 9 largely corresponds to that described above 7 explained further development. 8 are in the training 9 two brake shoes 53a and 53b arranged one behind the other. The brake shoes designed as spherical segments can be correspondingly Depress recesses 59a and 59b so that they can be installed quickly and easily of these wearing parts is guaranteed. Thanks to the secure fit of the brake shoes 53a and 53b, shearing thereof becomes large during operation of the device avoided.

The further developments described in FIGS. 10 to 13 to be described below differ from the training described above in that a further embodiment of the locking device designed as a shoe brake Toggle lever 60 is used.

The tensioning device 31 shown in FIG. 10 has the one already based on FIGS 9 described elements, namely a clamping lever 32, bearings 33 for the bistable elements 1 and a rocking drive shaft 34. Reference is therefore made to the above description.

The toggle lever 60 consists of the toggle elements 60a and 60b, the lower one Toggle element 60b elastic, e.g. B. can be designed as a U-shaped leaf spring. The toggle lever elements 60a and 60b are rotatable relative to one another in the bearing element 60c stored. The upper toggle element 60a is engaged with the brake lever 51 and is also pivotally connected to it via the bearing element 61. Of the Brake lever 51 is in turn pivotally mounted on the axis 50 and acts on the Brake shoe 53 on the clamping lever 32 of the clamping device. 10 shown state of the locking device with the toggle lever 60 extended (more unstable State) acts on the brake lever 51 and the brake shoe 53, a braking force Clamping lever 32, which stops it. In the state shown in FIG Locking device, however, the toggle lever 60 is angled (stable state) and lifts the brake shoe 53 via the brake lever 51 to such an extent that the clamping lever 32 is released. The clamping lever 32 is thus in the released state according to FIG. 11 as described above carried by the drive shaft 34 and performs the The rocking movement described above from what is interrupted in FIG Lines are indicated.

To the toggle 60 from its extended state shown in Fig. 10 in the in Fig. 11 shown angled state and vice versa to convert lower end of the lower toggle element 60b, a toggle drive shaft 62 provided that a synchronous to the rocking movement of the drive shaft 34 rocking movement executes. The rocking movement of the toggle lever drive shaft 62 the toggle lever 60 in any case from its angled one shown in FIG State transferred to the stretched state shown in FIG. 10. If he Toggle lever 60 reversed from the stretched state shown in Fig. 10 in the in Fig. 11 shown is transferred depends on whether an Holding device 70 is activated. The toggle lever 60 is held by the holding device 70 held in its stretched state as long as the tensioning lever 32 is stopped is required. To release the clamping lever 32 is by deactivating the Holding device 70 of the toggle lever 60 released so that the brake shoe 53 of the Brake lever 51 disengages from the tensioning lever 32. The holding device 70 must exert a sufficiently high holding force on the toggle lever 60 so that the Deformation of the lower one, which is elastically formed in the illustrated further development Toggle element 60b during the rocking movement of the toggle drive shaft 62 cannot release the toggle lever 60.

The holding device 70 can, according to the development according to FIGS. 10 and 11 be designed in a simple manner as an electromagnet 71.

Another development of the holding device for the toggle lever 60 is shown in FIG. 12 and 13. The development according to FIGS. 12 and 13 is with the above 10 and 11 described further development largely identical, so that a detailed description can be dispensed with. Fixing the Toggle lever 60 in the stretched state shown in FIG. 12 is in this Training achieved in that the toggle lever 60 is slightly stretched and thus is set in this state. A corresponding setting could alternatively also can be realized by a snap mechanism. To release the toggle lever 60 points the holding device 70 in the illustrated embodiment by one Electromagnet 72 actuated plunger 73, which when actuated against the toggle lever Presses 60 and releases it. The actuation of the plunger 73 could of course done pneumatically or hydraulically in the same way. Could also be appropriate 8 and 9, an electromagnet interact with a permanent magnet.

The movement of the toggle lever drive shaft 62 during the rocking movement of the The toggle lever drive shaft 62 with the toggle lever 60 fixed in the extended position is in 10 and 12 indicated by broken lines. In one Driver 63 on the toggle lever drive shaft 62 can be a permanent magnet 64 be provided, which the cooperating lower toggle element 60b of the holding device 70 securely during the rocking movement of the toggle lever drive shaft 62 lifts off when the holding device is not used to hold the toggle lever 60 in the extended position State is controlled. The driver 63 adjusts during the rocking movement "Offer" the knee lever to the holding device 70 safely.

The board drive device described above is suitable, as can be seen, excellent for driving a jacquard machine based on the principle of FIGS. 1 to 6 is working. It can also be provided on both sides at both ends of the bistable element 1 be. Furthermore, instead of electromagnetic components, other controllable components, e.g. B. piezo elements may be provided. The control function is essential.

Alternatively, the jacquard machine can also be used as a quasi-closed-pocket jacquard machine work. The circuit boards that do not have their status remain Switching does not have to be in the raised or lowered state, but rather lowered or raised until the neutral position of the bistable Element is approximately reached. However, there remains some deflection in Direction to the situation previously assumed. Those boards that are yours Should change state, but exceed the neutral state of the bistable Elementes and get a slight deflection towards the other stable state of the bistable element. Once the mechanical Deformation stress acts on the bistable element again, those boards, that have not exceeded the neutral state of the bistable element, in the previous position state returned, while those boards that are neutral State of the bistable element before the mechanical deformation stress is exerted have exceeded, are in the other situation. The advantage This mode of operation of the jacquard machine can be seen in the fact that at time t2, t4 etc. almost reached the closed shed position of the shed what can be important for the quality of the woven product.

Claims (39)

1. Jacquard machine having hooks (6) for raising and lowering warp threads (12) in a weaving machine, a hook drive device (1, 2a, 2b; 1, 20, 21) for bringing about a lifting or lowering movement of the hooks (6) and a hook selection device (8, 9, 11), which selects particular ones of the hooks (6) in order to hold the warp threads (12) connected with the hooks (6) concerned in a raised or lowered state,
   characterized in that,

   the hook drive device (1, 2a, 2b; 1, 20, 21) has for each hook (6) a deformable element (1) driving the hook in a positive manner, which element, by means of an external mechanical loading acting periodically on the deformable element (1) takes up a first stable positioning state, which corresponds to the raised state of the hook (6), or a second stable positioning state, which corresponds to a lowered state of the hook (6), and

   in that the hook selection device (9 - 11) so acts upon the deformable element (1) that there arises after each period of the mechanical loading a particular one of the two stable positioning conditions for the selected hooks (6), there arising, however, a neutral positioning condition when no mechanical loading is effected.
2. Jacquard machine according to claim 1,
   characterized in that,

   the hooks (6) are in direct connection with the associated deformable elements (1) and the first stable positioning state of each deformable element (1) takes up a position which is raised relative to the second stable positioning state.
3. Jacquard machine according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in that,

   the hooks (6) are connected in a non-positive manner with the respective associated deformable elements by means of a lever device (22, 23).
4. Jacquard machine according to any of claims 1 to 3,
   characterized in that,

   the deformable element (1) is elastically deformable.
5. Jacquard machine according to claim 4,
   characterized in that,

   the deformable element (1) is formed as an elastically deformable rod, as an elastically deformable leaf spring or the like.
6. Jacquard machine according to claim 5,
   characterized in that,

   the elastically deformable rod or the elastically deformable leaf spring is bistably deformable in two directions transverse to the axis or longitudinal direction of the rod or leaf spring by means of force component which is axial or directed in longitudinal direction.
7. Jacquard machine according to claim 5 or 6,
   characterized in that,

   the elastically deformable rod or the elastically deformable leaf spring is mounted in its end regions at least to one side and the associated hook (6) is connected with the middle region of the rod or the leaf spring in a non-positive manner.
8. Jacquard machine according to claim 7,
   characterized in that,

   the rod or the leaf spring is rotatably or pivotably mounted in its end regions and the deformation is achieved by means of the moving together of the two mounting points (4a, 4b).
9. Jacquard machine according to any of claims 1 to 8,
   characterized in that,

   the periodical mechanical loading is brought about by means of a cam sitting on a driven shaft or by means of a hydraulic or pneumatic piston periodically acted upon with a working pressure.
10. Jacquard machine according to any of claims 1 to 9,
    characterized in that,

    the hook selection device has a locking element (9) which so locks the deformable element (1) in the first and/or second stable position state that it remains in the relevant positioning state also after the action of the mechanical loading.
11. Jacquard machine according to claims 10 and 8,
    characterized in that,

    the locking element (9) fixes the mounting points (4a, 4b) of the rod or the leaf spring at a fixed spacing from one another after they have been moved together.
12. Jacquard machine according to claim 10 or 11,
    characterized in that,

    the hook selection device further has an unlocking element (10) which unlocks the locking element (9), in dependence upon a control signal, and thus releases the deformable element (1).
13. Jacquard machine according to claim 12,
    characterized in that,

    the unlocking element (11) is electrically actuable, in particular by means of an electromagnet.
14. Jacquard machine according to any of claims 1 to 13,
    characterized in that,

    an initializing device (8; 8a, 8b) is provided which, in dependence upon a control signal, brings about a directed initial displacement of the deformable element out of its neutral positioning state in such a manner that the deformable element (1) after action of the mechanical loading takes up a particular one of the two stable positioning states.
15. Jacquard machine according to claim 14,
    characterized in that,

    the initialization device is formed by means of one, or by means of a pair of electromagnets (8a, 8b) in order to apply a force component to the deformable element, after application of an electrical control signal, in such a manner that a corresponding initial deflection is brought about.
16. Jacquard machine according to claim 14,
    characterized in that,

    the initialization device has a hydraulic or pneumatic piston (8) which is connected with the deformable element and after being acted upon with a working pressure or working vacuum brings about the initial deflection of the deformable element.
17. Jacquard machine according to claim 14,
    characterized in that,

    the deformable element (1) has, at least in one portion thereof, magnetostrictive or electrostrictive properties and the initial deflection is brought about by means of action of a magnetic or electric field on the relevant section of the deformable element (1).
18. Jacquard machine according to any of claims 1 to 17,
    characterized in that,

    in the vicinity of the deformable element there are provided sensor elements (30a, 30b, 30a', 30b') for detecting the positioning state of the deformable element (1).
19. Jacquard machine according to any of claims 1 to 3,
    characterized in that,

    the deformable element is formed as a scissors-like framework (1a, 1b; Fig. 2) which bistably kinks outwardly in response to an axial deformation loading.
20. Jacquard machine according to any of claims 1 to 19,
    characterized in that,

    a plurality of hook drive devices (13-1, 13-2, 13-3, 13-4,13-5; Fig. 4) are arranged in a cascade-like manner for operating a plurality of hooks (6-1. 6-2, 6-3, 6-4, 6-5; Fig. 4) arranged offset in the direction of the warp threads.
21. Method of operating a Jacquard machine according to any of claims 1 to 20 as an open shed Jacquard machine, having the following steps:

    a) exercising a mechanical loading on the deformable elements (1) so that the deformable elements (1) take up one of the stable positioning states, the hooks (6) consequently take up either the raised or the lowered state and the weaving shed of the weaving machine is opened;

    b) locking the deformable elements (1);

    c) determining for each hook (6) whether the present raised or lowered state of the hook (6) corresponds to the state needed for the next weft insertion of the weaving machine in accordance with the weaving pattern, and selecting those deformable elements (1) whose associated hooks (6) are not present in the required state;

    d) changing the state of the deformable elements (1) selected in step c), by means of

    unlocking the deformable elements (i) concerned, to relax these elements

    correctly phased exercise of the mechanical loading, in order to deform the deformable element (1) anew, in the direction of the respective other stable positioning state, and

    locking the deformable elements (1) concerned, after attainment of the respective other stable positioning state,

    e) periodic repeat of steps c) and d) after each weft insertion of the weaving machine.
22. Method according to claim 21,
    characterized in that,

    the warp threads (12) are so guided by means of the hooks (6) that prior to each weft insertion of the weaving machine they take up approximately a closed shed position.
23. Method of operating a Jacquard machine according to any of claims 1 to 19 as a closed shed Jacquard machine, having the following steps:

    a) bringing the deformable elements (1) into a neutral positioning state in which the hooks (6) take up an intermediate state lying between the raised and lowered state, and the weaving shed of the weaving machine is closed;

    b) determining which of the hooks (6) must be present in the raised state and which of the hooks must be present in the lowered state upon the next weft insertion of the weaving machine in correspondence with the weaving pattern, and selection of the hooks to be raised and to be lowered;

    c) bringing about an initial deflection for each of the deformable elements (1) in the direction of the first positioning state for the hooks (6) which are to be raised and in the direction of the second positioning state for the hooks (6) which are to be lowered;

    d) exercising a mechanical loading on all deformable elements (1) so that, in dependence upon the initial deflection, these take up one of the two stable positioning states;

    e) periodic repetition of steps a) to d) after each weft insertion of the weaving machine.
24. Hook drive device for a Jacquard machine according to any of claims 1 to 20,
    characterized by,

    a loading device (31) for exercising a mechanical loading on the deformable elements (1) which are mounted in the loading device (31), a drive shaft (34) which carries out a rocking movement, which drive shaft is connected with the loading device (31) in a non-positive but not in a positive manner, the loading device (31) having a pivotably mounted loading lever (32) which in non-positively connected with the drive shaft (34), and an arresting device (40-42; 50-59; 50-73) for deactivating the loading device (31) when the hooks (6) have reached their raised or lowered state.
25. Hook drive device according to claim 24,
    characterized in that,

    the arresting device (50-73) is formed as a block brake.
26. Hook drive device according to claim 25,
    characterized in that,

    the arresting device (50-73) has a pivotably mounted braking lever (51) which acts upon one or more brake blocks (53; 53a, 53b) of a wear resistant material having high coefficient of friction, out of a sawtooth like engagement arrangement or the like.
27. Hook drive device according to claim 26,
    characterized in that,

    the brake blocks (53; 53a, 53b) sit (Fig. 2) on the brake lever (51), arranged thereon, or are set into the brake lever (Fig. 3).
28. Hook drive device according to claim 26 or 27,
    characterized in that,

    the brake lever (51) is so pretensioned, in particular by means of a spring (52), that there is exercised upon the loading device (31) a braking force sufficient to deactivate the same.
29. Hook drive device according to any of claims 24 to 28,
    characterized in that,

    the arresting effect exercised by the arresting device (50-53) is releasable by means of a cam shaft (54) and/or an electromagnet (57).
30. Hook drive device according to claim 29,
    characterized in that,

    the arresting device (50-53) is held in the released condition by means of an electromagnet (57) at least for a short period of time for purpose of the exercise of control.
31. Hook drive device according to claim 30,
    characterized in that,

    the arresting device (50-53) is held in the released condition by means of an electromagnet (57), in that for holding the arresting device (50-53) after the exercise of control in the released condition there is provided a permanent magnet (58), e.g. on the brake lever (51) according to claim 27, which permanent magnet can alone hold the arresting device against a return to the released condition.
32. Hook drive device according to claim 24,
    characterized in that,

    the arresting device (40-42) has a plunger (41) actuable electromagnetically, pneumatically, hydraulically or by like means, which plunger blocks the path of movement of the loading device (31).
33. Hook drive device according to claim 25,
    characterized in that,

    the arresting device (50-73) has an articulated lever (60) which in its extended condition (Fig. 10, 12) deactivates the loading device (31) by means of a brake block (53) and in its folded condition (Fig. 11, 13) releases the loading device (31).
34. Hook drive device according to claim 33,
    characterized in that,

    a brake lever (51) is provided by means of which the articulated lever (60) acts upon the brake block (53).
35. Hook drive device according to claim 33 or 34,
    characterized in that,

    an articulated lever drive shaft (62) is provided at one end of the articulated lever (60), which drive shaft so effects a rocking movement that the articulated lever (60) can be transformed between its extended and folded condition.
36. Hook drive device according to any of claims 33 to 35,
    characterized in that,

    a holding device (70) is provided which fixes the articulated lever (60) in its extended position in order to deactivate the loading device (31) by means of the brake block (53).
37. Hook drive device according to claim 36,
    characterized in that,

    the holding device (70) has an electromagnet (71).
38. Hook drive device according to claim 37,
    characterized in that,

    the electromagnet (71) of the holding device (70) cooperates with a return device associated with the articulated lever (60), such as a spring or a permanent magnet (64) provided on the articulated lever drive shaft (62).
39. Hook drive device according to any of claims 33 to 35,
    characterized in that,

    the articulated lever (60) is overextended in its extended condition (Fig. 12) or latches, and can be released from this position by means of a plunger (73) actuable electromagnetically, pneumatically, hydraulically or by like means.

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