EP0720960B1 - Rewinder for a long, flexible element, especially for a hose - Google Patents

Abstract

The reel is provided with an automatic return drive, which can be spring loaded, and with an automatic brake to stop the reel in a preset position. The brake is operated by a flexible brake element, or cable, which is wound around a guide section of the reel and which provides a preset tension brake force at the programmed position. The brake element can be an elastic cord, or can be fitted with spring tensioners at each end. When the braking position is reached the brake system has a set amount of damping to provide a soft stop.

Description

The invention relates to a reel for an elongated, flexible element, especially for a hose, cable, rope or the like, with a rotatable drum for rolling up or Unroll the element with a return device for turning the drum in the winding or unwinding direction and with an automatic brake to stop the by Return device caused roll-up or roll-off in a predetermined rotational position of the drum in which the element is rolled up to a defined remaining length or is unrolled, with the brake rotating around the drum Retractor for an elongated, flexible braking element comprises, in several turns around a lateral surface the drum is wound, one end of which has a circumference connected to the drum and is dimensioned such that the When the predetermined rotational position is reached by a Tractive force in the braking element is forcibly stopped.

A reel-up of the type mentioned above is known from US-A-1 453 999 known.

From the company brochure "NORFI has the most advanced program Umwelttechnik "(1991) is a hose reel for Exhaust gas extraction systems known. The well-known hose reel has a drum for the hose. The drum is made by an electric motor, which is designed as a brake motor is. The free end of the hose can be used with a suitable one Connect the grommet to an exhaust pipe of a motor vehicle. The other end of the hose is fixed with a hollow axis of the Drum connected. By means of a radially leading out of the drum Nozzle with rotary coupling can exhaust the exhaust gas over a suitable blowers are vacuumed and disposed of.

In addition to the hose reels mentioned with an electric motor The drive is also other hose reels for the above Purpose known in which a return device with a spring is provided. The spring is thereby during the Unrolling the hose tensioned and with the hose unrolled locked by means of a lock. To rewind the The lock is released and the tensioned spring drives the drum so that the hose is completely or is rolled up to a certain remaining length.

Such reels are also used by electrical devices, for example vacuum cleaners, ago known in which the power cord in this way and can be rolled up and down again.

In such return devices with tensioned springs it requires the rotation of the drum in a predetermined Stopping the rotary position in which the hose, the cable or Like. Is rolled up to a defined remaining length. The The remaining length is just such that the hose or the cable or a grommet on the hose or a plug on the cable can be taken.

In these known return devices, the stopping the drum generally causes the hose or the cable is passed through an opening whose diameter only slightly larger than that of the hose or cable is. The larger grommet or the larger plug or one for this purpose, keep the sleeve pushed onto the hose then hang on this opening so that the effect the return device, i.e. the reeling movement of the drum, is suddenly stopped.

The known devices therefore have the disadvantage that that when the predetermined rotational position or end position is reached the drum a very high and sudden pull on the hose or the cable is exercised. This can take longer Operation lead to damage, for example Tear off electrical contacts in the transition from the cable to the plug or cracks on the grommet, from which exhaust gas escapes could.

Another disadvantage of the known arrangements arises then when the defined remaining length, i.e. the in the End position of drum no longer wound long length is measured. This is the case with exhaust gas extraction systems because Hose reels in this area of application usually under the ceiling of a manufacturing or workshop hall and even with the hose rolled up the free end so far must hang down by a mechanic's hand can be taken. This means that the free remaining length in such applications it can be 2 m or more can. In some known hose reels now Stopping the drum on the hose in one corresponding distance from the free end of the hose or from of the grommet attached there the cuff from much larger diameter than that of the hose attached. When the hose is rolled up, this sleeve hits the frame the hose reel, which is only slightly radial Distance above the wound hose turns. The sudden stopping of the drum can now "Whip effect" arise in which the free end of the Hose with the attached nozzle at high speed at the head of the mechanic. It can therefore under unfavorable conditions and inattentiveness injury to the mechanic in question.

In addition, there is a disadvantage that the cuffs larger diameter due to the axial load can move the hose and thus the free Remaining length of hose changes; it can also cause damage come in the area of the cuff.

From the above-mentioned US-A-1 453 999 is a reel-up known for an air hose, as it is at petrol stations or the like. is used for inflating pneumatic tires of motor vehicles.

The air hose is wound on a drum, whereby one end of the air hose over the drum shaft to a stationary one Compressed air connection can be supplied. The other, free end of the air hose can be unwound from the drum. The drum is provided with a return spring so that the unwound air hose after completion of the inflation process can be automatically rewound on the drum. To prevent any kind of damage that can occur if the drum suddenly at the end of the winding process is stopped, a braking device is provided. The Braking device includes a chain running on a peripheral surface smaller diameter of the drum assembly is wound. One end of the chain is struck on the peripheral surface. The other end of the chain is led away from the peripheral surface, namely to the free end of a piston rod of a piston-cylinder arrangement, whose cylinders are fixed with the reel connected is. The length of the chain is such that the Chain at the end of the winding process for the air hose is fully wound up and shortly before the end of constructively possible winding the piston from the Tried to pull out the cylinder. This way the end will be the winding process for the air hose due to the damping effect the piston-cylinder arrangement braked.

The known arrangement has the disadvantage that numerous complex Components are required, in particular a piston-cylinder arrangement. It also requires a considerable amount Installation space.

The invention is based on the object, one To further develop reels of the type mentioned at the beginning that the process with extremely simple and failure-prone means the stopping of the drum is controlled so that in itself known the delay in stopping the drum can be adjusted and the wear of those involved Elements is kept low. In this way e.g. at the Use in exhaust gas extraction systems of the very expensive because it is resistant to high temperatures Exhaust extraction system hose protected and the lifespan of the reel can be significantly extended. The fact that an intervention for the expiry of Braking process exists, the described "whip effect" can be avoided by braking the drum so is carefully adjusted so that the free end of the hose or cable moves only slightly when the drum is stopped.

This object is achieved in that the Brake element in sections, in particular with one turn lifted from the lateral surface and around a fixed deflection point is led.

The object on which the invention is based is achieved in this way completely solved.

The invention has the advantage that a very compact Construction arises because the entire brake is made up of only one multiple coiled rope, tape or the like. The Rope or the like is only in one place, namely in the area of one Winding, slightly lifted from the drum. The transition from the free rotation of the drum to the braked position inevitably takes place gradually because of the shortening the free path length due to the geometric conditions also gradually takes place. It is therefore already being created then a steady, i.e. gradual braking effect when the rope or the like is inherently inextensible. The arrangement is therefore extreme simple, not susceptible to faults and simple even when worn Exchange funds and without higher costs.

A particularly good effect is achieved with the invention if the braking element is elastic.

This measure has the advantage that the drum is adjustable Way can be braked even softer because when reached the predetermined rotational end position of the train in the elongated, flexible braking element further delayed to one Stopping the drum leads.

In this context, it is particularly preferred if the Brake element a substantially inextensible cord or the like. and includes a spring switched into the cord.

This measure has the advantage that a mechanical one hand highly stable element such as a cord, a wire, a rope or Like. Can be used, but on the other hand, the desired Elasticity is represented by a spring, the spring characteristic can be selected in a wide range.

It is particularly preferred if the spring is raised Section of the braking element is arranged when the drum is in the predetermined rotational position.

This measure has the advantage that the spring is free Can stretch and relax.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the Deflection point a fixed role.

This measure has the advantage that the braking element is practical can be guided around the deflection point without wear.

It is also preferred if the braking element at the deflection point Includes angles between 50 ° and 100 ° of the lateral surface.

This dimensioning has proven to be practical proven particularly advantageous.

In a variant of the invention, the braking element is with both The ends are attached to an attachment point on the outer surface.

This measure has the advantage that the braking element as a whole is easily accessible and therefore also easy when needed can be exchanged.

In a further development of this embodiment, both are Fastened ends at the same attachment point.

This measure has the advantage that only one Attachment point is required. This will do the assembly simplified and a cheaper production is possible.

In another group of exemplary embodiments, this is Brake element with one end at a first attachment point on the lateral surface and with its other end on a second Attachment point of an auxiliary drum struck, which in Depending on the drum is rotatable.

This measure has the advantage that the braking element on the Drum or the auxiliary drum each only unwound and each just being wound up.

In further embodiments of the invention that is Brake element under tension acting in the longitudinal direction on the Outer surface wrapped.

This measure has the advantage that the braking element is safe is guided on the lateral surface and in the deflection point and itself cannot tangle due to the effective tension.

Furthermore, exemplary embodiments of the invention are preferred where the outer surface is also the roll-up surface for the Element is.

This measure also has the advantage of being particularly simple Construction because the rolling surface for the element, i.e. the Hose, the cable or the like. Is present anyway and therefore no separate components are required, though the braking element is wound onto this rolling surface.

Further advantages result from the description of the attached Drawing.

It is understood that the above and those below Features to be explained not only in each case specified combination, but also in other combinations or can be used alone, without the scope of to leave the present invention.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines Schlauchaufrollers, wie er z.B. in Abgas-Absauganlagen verwendet wird;

Fig. 2

eine schematisierte Darstellung entlang der Richtung II-II von Fig. 1, in einer ersten Betriebsstellung;

Fig. 3

eine Darstellung, ähnlich Fig. 2, jedoch für eine zweite Betriebsstellung, in der eine Trommel des Schlauchaufrollers abgebremst wird;

Fig. 4

eine schematisierte Darstellung, ähnlich Fig. 2, für ein anderes Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung; und

Fig. 5

eine Darstellung, ähnlich Fig. 4, jedoch für eine zweite Betriebsstellung, in der eine Trommel des Schlauchaufrollers abgebremst wird.

An embodiment of the invention is shown in the drawing and is explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:

Fig. 1

a perspective view of a hose reel, as used for example in exhaust gas extraction systems;

Fig. 2

a schematic representation along the direction II-II of Figure 1, in a first operating position.

Fig. 3

a representation, similar to Figure 2, but for a second operating position in which a drum of the hose reel is braked;

Fig. 4

a schematic representation, similar to Figure 2, for another embodiment of the invention. and

Fig. 5

a representation, similar to FIG. 4, but for a second operating position in which a drum of the hose reel is braked.

In Fig. 1, 10 designates a hose reel, as a whole it is used in exhaust gas extraction systems. Such facilities are usually in manufacturing, assembly or operating halls provided in which there are motor vehicles with the engine running are located. The hoses rolled up on the hose reel have the purpose of exhaust gas at the exhaust of motor vehicles collect and via a central waste gas disposal from the Lead away hall.

In this context it is understood that the invention Rollers can be used for a variety of applications can. So can the embodiment shown in the figures e.g. not only used to extract exhaust gases. Rather, the hose reel can also be used to extract dust are used, as well as for the supply of air or other gases.

Furthermore, the reel-up according to the invention can also be used to feed and Draining liquids can be used. An application example are hoses as used on tankers to e.g. liquid fuels for private consumers, to deliver to commercial consumers or petrol stations. Also a supply and discharge of water, for example in fire engines or at wash stations, can be realized in this way. In general, the reel can be used as a hose reel for flowable media of all kinds are used. Other areas of application the reel are cables, tapes, cords, wires, Ropes and much more. The explained below Embodiment is therefore not in terms of to understand the mentioned application purpose as restrictive.

The hose reel 10 is upside down on a mounting frame 11 held in turn on a ceiling or wall the assembly hall or a suitable supporting structure is attached. Extend from the mounting frame 11 laterally downward two flanges 12, between which a shaft 13 is mounted along an axis 14.

The shaft 13 carries a drum 20, the two in Fig. 1 Direction of rotation of the drum are indicated by arrows. Of the Arrow 21 stands for the rolling direction and arrow 22 for the winding direction.

The drum 20 is on one side with a return device 23 provided, which is only indicated schematically in Fig. 1. The Return device 23 comprises a spring (not shown), which is tensioned in the rolling direction 21 of the drum 20 and is locked with a suitable bolt as long as the Unrolled hose is used to extract exhaust gas. After the release of the bolt, for example by jerky rotation of the drum 20 in the rolling direction 21, which ensures in the return device 23 tensioned spring that the hose back on the drum 20 is rolled up, except for a defined free Remaining length by which the free end of the hose hangs down, when the hose is "completely" wound up. This free Remaining length is measured so that the free end of the hose with a spout attached, e.g. at a height of 2 m, located above the floor of the hall so that the free end is there can be gripped by hand.

The drum 20 is essentially cylindrical Shell surface 29 of a drum body 30 is formed. The drum body 30 is disc-shaped on its axial sides Walls 31 provided that the side slipped off the rolled up Prevent hose 32.

In the illustration of FIG. 1, the hose 32 is approximately two and a half turns 33 wound on the outer surface 29 and hangs down with a straight section 34 at the front down.

On the left side of the drum 20 there is schematically an axial one Stub 35 indicated, which has a rotary coupling with the rotatable drum body 30 is connected. About the axial Stub 35 can be exhausted, as with an arrow 36 is indicated. For this purpose, the drum body 30 is hollow. The right end of the hose, not shown in Fig. 1 32 is firmly connected to the drum body 30 for this purpose, in such a way that this end is in the cavity of the Drum body 30 opens. So if exhaust gas through the hose 32 is sucked in, as indicated by an arrow 37 the exhaust gas into the interior of the drum body 30, from there in the axial nozzle 35 and from there again by means of a not blower shown in an exhaust gas disposal device.

The drum 20 is provided with a brake, the total is designated by reference numeral 40.

The brake 40 includes an attachment point 41 on the lateral surface 29 of the drum body 30. A cord 42 or the like from the attachment point 41 in Fig. 1 down and wrapped several times around the drum body 30, as clearly shown 1 can be seen. The cord 42 then runs over a fixed one Roller 43 and is back via a spring 44 at the attachment point 41 struck. The fixed roller 43 is opposite to the rotatable one Drum 20 fixed; for example, it is on the underside of the Mounting frame 11 attached.

The number of turns of the cord 42 corresponds to the number of the turns 33 of the hose 32, with those described below Particularities.

In Figures 2 and 3 is a schematic representation Operation of the brake 40 illustrated.

2 shows the operating state in which the drum 20 can rotate freely. In this state, the cord 42 runs smoothly over the fixed roller 43 by, depending on the direction of rotation 21, 22, on one side up and on the other side of the outer surface 29 is unwound.

The free path lengths or dreams 42a, 42b of the cord 42 between the lateral surface 29 and the fixed roller 43 run as common tangents and are therefore of equal length with a. she close an angle with each other above the lateral surface 29 α, which is preferably between 50 ° and 100 °.

In this operating state, the spring 44 is largely relaxed. It only ensures a certain pre-tension of the cord 42 while rolling up and down.

Now, as shown in Fig. 3, the drum 20 in The winding direction 22 approaches the predetermined final rotational position, in which the drum 20 is to be stopped, is shortened the strand located in FIG. 3 to the right of the fixed roller 43 42b of the cord 42. This is because when approaching the End-turn position also the struck at attachment point 41 End of the cord 42 approaches the fixed roller 43. The free path length 42b now starts from a common tangent to the fixed roller 43 and the outer surface 29 in a contrast shortened distance that is only tangential to the fixed roller 43 abuts, but at an angle to the lateral surface 29 of more than 0 °. This shortened free path is in Fig. 3 referred to as a shortened strand with 42b '. Your length is a ', is therefore shorter than the unabridged length a.

As a result, a tensile force is exerted on the spring 44 which stretches and tightens in this way, as at 44 'in Fig. 3 shown.

The transition from the free rotation of the drum 20 to the braked Position inevitably takes place gradually, because the shortening of the free path length by 42b (Fig. 2) after 42b '(Fig. 3) due to the geometric conditions also gradually takes place. Then there is the gradual one Elongation of the spring 44, which is only reached in 3 allows position, since the cord 42nd is otherwise inextensible in the longitudinal direction. The drum 20 will stopped in this way in the position shown in Fig. 3. This is a position in which the anchor point 41 ' in the winding direction 22 is still in front of a position in which the lateral surface 29 the connecting line between the axis 14 of the drum 20 and the axis of the fixed roller 43 intersects.

The drum 20 is in this way with a predetermined delay stopped, in a soft stopping process. Here the brake 40 consists of only a few extremely simple elements, namely the cord 42 with spring 44 and the attachment point 41 and the fixed roller 43. These elements are extreme inexpensive to manufacture and assemble and if necessary exchangeable with little effort.

Another exemplary embodiment is shown in FIGS of a retractor according to the invention. The representation is similar to that in FIGS. 2 and 3.

The retractor according to Figures 4 and 5 in turn comprises one Drum 50 on which a hose 51 or the like is wound can. The drum 50 is rotatable about an axis 52. A lateral surface the drum 50 is designated 53.

An auxiliary drum is located at a distance from the drum 50 55, which is preferably arranged fixed in space by means of a holder 56 is. The auxiliary drum 55 is rotatable about an axis 57 which preferably runs parallel to the axis 52 of the drum 50.

The drum 50 laterally carries a pulley 60 and Auxiliary drum 55 an aligned pulley 61. Die Pulleys 60, 61 are connected to one another via a belt 62 connected. The diameters of the pulleys 60, 61 are so chosen that the drum 50 and the auxiliary drum 55 with the same Circumferential speed.

A brake designated 64 in total comprises a first one Attachment point 65 on the outer surface 53. At the first attachment point 65 a cord 66 is attached, in which in the A spring 67 is switched on near the first fastening point 65 is. The cord 66 is wrapped around the drum 50, and preferably in several turns. Then she is with you free strand 66a of length b led to the auxiliary drum 55. There it is also preferably several times around the auxiliary drum 55 wound and there at a second attachment point 68 struck.

If the drum 50 is e.g. in the one indicated by an arrow 69 Direction of rotation rotates, so the cord 66 winds gradually from the outer surface 53 of the drum 50 and up the auxiliary drum 55. The cord 66 remains taut, because the peripheral speeds of the drum 50 and the Auxiliary drum 55, as mentioned, are the same size.

If the cord 66 is now unwound from the drum 50, runs the first attachment point 65 to that shown in FIG. 5 at 65 ' Position beyond the point at which a common Would be tangent to the drum 50 and the auxiliary drum 55, as this directly from a comparison of Figures 4 and 5 can be seen. The now designated 66a ' Cord 66 is shortened in this way, as with b 'in Fig. 5 shown. The spring 67 'is tensioned in this state.

The drum 50 is also gently braked in this way and brought to a standstill, as already further with reference to FIG. 3 was explained above.

It is understood that that shown in Figures 1 to 5 Embodiment can be modified in a variety of ways can.

For example, the cord does not need on the outer surface for the Hose to be wound up. You can also use one instead Provide a separate roll surface for the cord, depending on which is appropriate for this individual case.

It is also possible, instead of one inextensible in the longitudinal direction Cord (or a corresponding wire, rope or the like) with a spring an overall elastic braking element use, for example a rubber band.

The mechanisms previously described with reference to Figures 1 to 5 can also be used in the opposite sense. Instead of the hose or the like. completely or to a certain extent free length under the force of a return device roll up and then brake with the brake described, the same process can also be provided when unrolling, For example, if a hose is to be unrolled quickly, e.g. in a fire engine. Even then it is advisable at the end of the rolling process, brake the drum gently to the connection point between hose and drum is not mechanical stress.

In addition, it is possible to use the arrangement described above can also be used for elements that are rolled up or rolled off by motor, if the drum used for this purpose with a Slip clutch is provided, which allows at the end of the opening and / or Rolling gently brake the drum and the Initially, the actuator continues to operate via the slip clutch to let go. This way the drum would be in one stopped defined position and the otherwise claimed Elements would be relieved.

Claims (11)

1. Winder for a long, flexible element, in particular for a hose (32; 51), a cable, a rope or the like, comprising a rotatable drum (20; 50) for winding up and for unwinding, resp. the element, a return drive means (23) for rotating the drum (20; 50) in the winding up direction (22) or in the unwinding direction (21), an automatic brake (40; 64) for stopping the winding up or the unwinding operation, as caused by the return drive means (23), at a predetermined rotary position of the drum (20; 50) in which the element is wound onto or unwound from the drum (20; 50) by a defined residual length, the brake (40; 60) comprising a winding apparatus for an elongate, flexible braking element rotating together with the drum (20; 50), the braking element being wound around a peripheral surface (29; 53) of the drum (20; 50) with several windings, a first terminal end of the braking element being connected to a periphery of the drum (20; 50) and being dimensioned such that the drum is forced by a pull force within the braking element to stop when the predetermined rotary position is assumed, characterized in that a section, preferably one winding, of the braking element is lifted off the peripheral surface (29; 53) and is guided around a stationary deflection point.
2. The winder of claim 1 , characterized in that the braking element is elastic.
3. The winder of claim 2, characterized in that the braking element comprises a substantially inextensible cord (42; 66) or the like as well as a spring (44; 67) inserted in the cord (42; 66).
4. The winder of claim 3, characterized in that the spring (44; 67) is arranged within the lifted-off section of the braking element, when the drum (20; 50) is in its predetermined rotary positiion.
5. The winder of any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the deflection point is a stationary roller (43).
6. The winder of claim 5, characterized in that the braking element is guided around the deflection point with an angle (α) of between 50° and 100°.
7. The winder of any of claims 1 to 6, characetrized in that the braking element has two terminal ends attached to a mounting point (41) on the peripheral surface (29).
8. The winder of claim 7, characterized in that both terminal ends are attached to the same mounting point (41).
9. The winder of any of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the braking element has a first terminal end attached to a first mounting point (65) on the peripheral surface (53), and has a second terminal end attached to a second mounting point (68) on an auxiliary drum (55) arranged to rotate in response to the rotation of the drum (50).
10. The winder of any of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the braking element is wound on the peripheral surface (29) under longitudinal tension.
11. The winder of any of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the peripheral surface (29) is also the winding surface for the element.

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