EP0717945A2 - Verfahren zur Verbesserung des Betriebs von Kühlmöbeln - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Verbesserung des Betriebs von Kühlmöbeln Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0717945A2
EP0717945A2 EP95402916A EP95402916A EP0717945A2 EP 0717945 A2 EP0717945 A2 EP 0717945A2 EP 95402916 A EP95402916 A EP 95402916A EP 95402916 A EP95402916 A EP 95402916A EP 0717945 A2 EP0717945 A2 EP 0717945A2
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
air
dry air
cabinet
blown
dry
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95402916A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0717945A3 (de
Inventor
Louis Bernet
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0717945A2 publication Critical patent/EP0717945A2/de
Publication of EP0717945A3 publication Critical patent/EP0717945A3/de
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25D—REFRIGERATORS; COLD ROOMS; ICE-BOXES; COOLING OR FREEZING APPARATUS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F25D21/00—Defrosting; Preventing frosting; Removing condensed or defrost water
    • F25D21/04—Preventing the formation of frost or condensate
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47B—TABLES; DESKS; OFFICE FURNITURE; CABINETS; DRAWERS; GENERAL DETAILS OF FURNITURE
    • A47B3/00—Folding or stowable tables
    • A47B3/04—Folding or stowable tables with flexible roll-tops

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the operation of display furniture for products equipping stores with large sales areas and, more particularly, the operation of refrigerated display cabinets present in the area reserved, in these stores, for fresh products and food cold, as well as in transit locations and cold rooms.
  • one or more air curtains protect their enclosures against the warmer ambient air, the cooling of the air stream or streams forming these curtains being ensured by means of refrigerant evaporators supplied with a fluid refrigerant which can be a gas, glycol water or a synthesis fluid.
  • a fluid refrigerant which can be a gas, glycol water or a synthesis fluid.
  • the myriads of micro-crystals will form a kind of snow which will gradually obstruct the spaces between the fins, and will become, with prolonged contact with the fins, ice of a greater or lesser density, depending on the duration fixed for the cycles. defrost, resulting in a gradual reduction in the refrigerated air flow.
  • micro-crystals will also be deposited on the walls of the refrigerated cabinets and on products presented to customers, making them commercially less attractive.
  • the refrigeration units are equipped with defrosting systems by reheating.
  • the exchangers are then heated in different ways, either natural or activated, by electrical resistances or reverse cycle.
  • Some pieces of furniture are even equipped with permanent defrosts.
  • each defrost The times between each defrost are variable depending on the sites, indoor or outdoor climatic conditions, type of equipment and brands. In general, the defrosting time is approximately 20/25 minutes every four hours. Thus, every four hours, the refrigeration unit will stop refrigeration for about 20 minutes. Some pieces of furniture are designed to undergo defrosting every six hours. In this case the duration of defrosting is of the order of 30 to 35 minutes.
  • the temperature inside the cabinet may during defrost rise up to + 10 ° C or + 15 ° C, a temperature difference of 30 to 35 ° C. During this period, frozen products are no longer maintained at heart and their good conservation is therefore altered, in contradiction with the regulations in force and those in preparation in the European context.
  • the object of the present invention is to remedy the drawbacks due to icing encountered in refrigerated display cabinets fitted in large surface stores and it proposes, for this purpose, a method of using these refrigerated display cabinets which makes it possible to almost completely eliminate the formation of frost in this furniture.
  • a partial vapor pressure of weak water of the order of 4 g / cm2 to 7.5 g / cm2, by blowing air in this zone whose specific humidity is less than or at most equal to 2 g / kg of dry air.
  • Full efficiency for dry air from 0.7 g / kg to 1.5 g / kg.
  • a "micro-climate” with low water vapor pressure is created in the area located in front of the opening of the refrigeration cabinet, which isolates the interior of the refrigerated cabinet from the ambient air at high specific humidity content and therefore prevents the migration of water vapor contained in the ambient air inside the furniture.
  • the implementation of the method according to the present invention can be accompanied by the introduction of dry air of 0 to 2 g / kg into the refrigerated air streams of the refrigerated display cabinets, by connection of these air streams on air supply networks for dry air. It can also be accompanied by the connection of refrigeration cabinet fans to air supply networks for dry air from 0 to 2 g / kg in addition to the specific treatment of the furniture environment.
  • a thin layer of dry air of 0 to 2 g / kg is blown in front of the curtain for protection against the warmer ambient air.
  • This thin layer of dry air can, depending on the type of furniture, have a speed identical to that of the curtain scrolling, or a faster speed in order to carry out a phenomenon of entrainment and accompaniment of the air of the curtain, or a slower speed so that the curtain captures the dry air so that it mixes and protects the interior of the furniture from the aggression of humid air.
  • the dry air is blown in a specific manner above or below the refrigerating cabinet so as to wrap it in a "bubble" of dry air protecting it from humid ambient air.
  • a dry air blowing is carried out globally above or below the refrigerated cabinets, so as to globally maintain the volume of the zone where these cabinets are located in an air climate. dry which absorbs the humidity in which these pieces of furniture work.
  • the air supply networks for the supply of dry air and, if necessary, the return air are of the sealed type, in order to prevent dry air from being charged with moisture during transport.
  • Dry air is prepared by air dehumidifiers which, depending on the case, the sites and the installation possibilities, can be installed either outside the building, on the roof for example, or inside, in specific premises or in the same atmosphere.
  • the processes for manufacturing dry air can be those of dehumidification by cooling the air passing through them, with heating by heat exchanger or by recovery.
  • the most effective devices are air desiccation which allow to obtain dry air less than 2 grams per kilo of dry air. These materials are equipped with absorbent wheels, composed of silicate gel or lithium chloride, or other absorbent or regenerable materials.
  • the air intake, after introduction or distribution of dry air, will depend on the composition of the outside air.
  • specific humidity of the air is low, below 8 gr / kg of dry air, a more or less significant quantity will be used to limit energy consumption.
  • a regulation system will make it possible to adjust the relative humidity rate, based on the analysis of the specific humidity outside, in the atmosphere and the recovery of the room treated.
  • the air will be filtered using filters placed either in the machines or on the duct networks. Extensive filtration will guarantee perfect hygiene in refrigerated cabinets that will operate with clean, dehumidified air, providing a high degree of hygienic quality.
  • the blown air will therefore be dehumidified and blown to a water content of 0 to 2 grams per kilo of dry air, and filtered using standard filters, or high efficiency or very high efficiency.
  • the supply air temperature can be negative or positive; in any event, in summer, air cannot be introduced at more than 26 ° C in an air-conditioned store and at more than 30 ° C in a non-air-conditioned store.
  • a vertical refrigeration cabinet 1 comprising four rows of shelves 2 and, at the base, a tray 3.
  • the protection of the enclosure of the cabinet 1 against warmer and humid ambient air is provided by an air curtain which circulates inside the sheath 4 fitted to the cabinet and containing the evaporator 5 and the fan 6 ensuring convection.
  • the cabinet 1 opens a pipe 8 blowing dry air at less than 2 g / kg of dry air which tends to envelop the cabinet by isolating the enclosure from it from the warmer ambient air and more humid. Thanks to this arrangement, the humidity captured by the evaporator 5 will be completely negligible, thus avoiding the formation of frost, both on the fins of the evaporator and on the products placed on the shelves 2 and in the tank 3.
  • the sheath 4 is connected to a duct 7 for supplying dry air between 1 and 2 gr / kg of dry air, this connection being made upstream of the evaporator 5.
  • the dry air used is manufactured from an air desiccation device (not shown in the drawing) connected to the pipe 7 by a sealed type network in order to prevent dry air from being loaded with parasitic humidity during transport.
  • the refrigeration unit 11 shown in FIG. 2 is of the general type with double or triple air curtain, including an external curtain intended to be supplied by the ambient air under the action of a fan 12.
  • the other two curtains are obtained by forced convection in two circuits respectively containing fans 13,14 and evaporators 15,16.
  • the fan 12 is connected to a sealed pipe 18 for supplying dry air between 1 and 2 gr / kg of dry air, thereby blowing an external curtain of dry air 17 which isolates the enclosure. furniture 11 warmer and wetter ambient air.
  • a curtain of dry air 32 is blown in front of the cabinet display cabinet 31, from a duct airtight dry air outlet 33 opening above the cabinet.
  • a device 34 for taking up the air reinjected into the desiccation system.
  • the refrigeration unit 41 is placed under a dry air blowing pipe 42 so that the dry blown air, between 1 and 2 gr / kg of dry air, passes in front of and behind the furniture, being taken up by an appropriate system 43 placed in the ground (or on the ground, or in elevation).
  • the cabinet 41 is thus enveloped in a "bubble" of dry air which completely isolates the enclosure of the cabinet from the warmer and more humid ambient air.
  • zone 50 the zone of a store where the refrigerated cabinets 51, 52 and 53 are grouped together is diagrammed at 50.
  • zone 50 above the cabinets 51 to 53, runs a conduit 54 for supplying dry air comprising vents 55 blowing dry furniture above the furniture between 1 and 2 gr / kg of dry air.
  • the zone 50 is thus generally maintained in a climate of dry air which isolates the furniture 51 to 53 from the humid atmosphere of the rest of the store.
  • upper vertical wall elements 61, 62 have been shown which partially close the area 50. Inwardly, the wall elements 61, 62 have arrivals 63, 64 d at their lower part. dry air between 1 and 2 g / kg of dry air blowing near the door air curtains 65, 66. As shown in this figure, the return of the blown air can be carried out by sockets 67, 68 associated with arrivals 63, 64 and by sockets 69 arranged in the upper part of zone 50.
  • the recovery of the blown dry air (between 1 and 2 g / kg of dry air) is carried out by intakes 71, 72, 73 placed in the ground, between the pieces of furniture 51 to 53.
  • These sockets 71 to 73 could as well be placed on the ground, or behind the refrigerated cabinets.
  • the double or triple refrigeration unit 81 air curtain has its fan 82 connected to a sealed duct 83 for supplying dry air to blow an external curtain of dry air between 0 and 2 gr / kg of dry air.
  • the pipe 83 is extended at 84 to open towards the front of the cabinet 81, blowing a dry air veil 85.
  • the pipe 83 is extended at its upper part to provide dry air outlets 86 , 87 which provide a blowing of dry air in front of and behind the cabinet, surrounding it.
  • the dry air inlet pipe 92 between 1 and 2 gr / kg of dry air is disposed above the refrigeration unit 91 which is of the general double or triple air curtain including an ambient air curtain. Dry air blown into the atmosphere through line 92 is taken up by means of the fan 93 to create an external curtain of dry air.
  • the dry air blown from the pipe 92 isolates the cabinet 91 towards the front and is taken back towards the rear of the cabinet by a socket 94 arranged in the atmosphere at the top. Full efficiency is obtained with a ceiling or false ceiling whose height above the ground is close to three meters.
  • FIG. 10 constitutes a variant of the device in FIG. 2, in which the external curtain of dry air 102 blown into the fan 103 of the second or third curtain is taken up on the ground, under the refrigerating cabinet 101 , by a suitable plug 104.
  • the piece of furniture 111 represented is of the mixed type composed of an asymmetrical gondola on which is placed a cupboard with glass doors, each of the two enclosures having its evaporator and its ventilation system.
  • a duct 112 for the arrival of dry air between 0 and 2 gr / kg of dry air which blows in front of the cabinet a volume of dry air 113 which protects the two enclosures of the cabinet.
  • the inlet pipe 112 has an upper extension 114 blowing dry air into the atmosphere.
  • FIG. 12 constitutes a variant of the device of FIG. 8, in which the volume of dry air 122 between 1 and 2 g / kg of dry air blown in front of the second or third air curtain dry is taken up below the refrigeration unit 121 by an appropriate outlet 124 placed on the ground (the recovery could however be in the upper part).

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Cold Air Circulating Systems And Constructional Details In Refrigerators (AREA)
  • Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
EP95402916A 1994-12-23 1995-12-22 Verfahren zur Verbesserung des Betriebs von Kühlmöbeln Withdrawn EP0717945A3 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9415547 1994-12-23
FR9415547A FR2728662A1 (fr) 1994-12-23 1994-12-23 Procede pour ameliorer le fonctionnement des meubles frigorifiques

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0717945A2 true EP0717945A2 (de) 1996-06-26
EP0717945A3 EP0717945A3 (de) 1999-09-15

Family

ID=9470164

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95402916A Withdrawn EP0717945A3 (de) 1994-12-23 1995-12-22 Verfahren zur Verbesserung des Betriebs von Kühlmöbeln

Country Status (2)

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EP (1) EP0717945A3 (de)
FR (1) FR2728662A1 (de)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2167280A1 (es) * 2000-10-26 2002-05-01 Frost Trol S A Sistema de recuperacion de calor para climatizacion y reduccion del efecto pasillo frio.
US11116333B2 (en) 2019-05-07 2021-09-14 Carrier Corporation Refrigerated display cabinet including microchannel heat exchangers
US11559147B2 (en) 2019-05-07 2023-01-24 Carrier Corporation Refrigerated display cabinet utilizing a radial cross flow fan

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2764052B1 (fr) * 1997-06-03 1999-09-24 Louis Bernet Dispositif diffuseur d'air sec en mur laminaire pour meubles frigorifiques et vitrines de vente
FR2770623B1 (fr) * 1997-11-05 2000-01-07 Louis Bernet Procede et dispositif pour maitriser l'humidite specifique dans les grandes et moyennes surfaces de vente a zones de froid alimentaire importantes
DE10205622A1 (de) * 2002-02-12 2003-08-21 Aht Kuehlmoebelwerk Limburg Gm Zweikreis-Kühlregal zur Präsentation und Kühlung von Waren, insbesondere für Verkaufsräume

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4150550A (en) * 1977-11-03 1979-04-24 George W. Leech Self defrosting refrigerated display case
US4210000A (en) * 1977-03-09 1980-07-01 Lee Doo S Refrigerating apparatus
FR2679988A1 (fr) * 1991-07-30 1993-02-05 Armines Procede pour limiter le givrage de la batterie frigorifique d'un meuble frigorifique ouvert et meuble mettant en óoeuvre ce procede.
WO1994023620A1 (en) * 1993-04-14 1994-10-27 Northampton Refrigeration Company Limited Refrigerated display cabinet and method of operating it

Family Cites Families (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2657546A (en) * 1951-07-02 1953-11-03 C V Hill & Company Inc Snow eliminator for self-service cases
US4106305A (en) * 1976-07-07 1978-08-15 Ibrahim Fayez F Open well type refrigerated display case with reverse flow of air bands

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4210000A (en) * 1977-03-09 1980-07-01 Lee Doo S Refrigerating apparatus
US4150550A (en) * 1977-11-03 1979-04-24 George W. Leech Self defrosting refrigerated display case
FR2679988A1 (fr) * 1991-07-30 1993-02-05 Armines Procede pour limiter le givrage de la batterie frigorifique d'un meuble frigorifique ouvert et meuble mettant en óoeuvre ce procede.
WO1994023620A1 (en) * 1993-04-14 1994-10-27 Northampton Refrigeration Company Limited Refrigerated display cabinet and method of operating it

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2167280A1 (es) * 2000-10-26 2002-05-01 Frost Trol S A Sistema de recuperacion de calor para climatizacion y reduccion del efecto pasillo frio.
US11116333B2 (en) 2019-05-07 2021-09-14 Carrier Corporation Refrigerated display cabinet including microchannel heat exchangers
US11559147B2 (en) 2019-05-07 2023-01-24 Carrier Corporation Refrigerated display cabinet utilizing a radial cross flow fan

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0717945A3 (de) 1999-09-15
FR2728662A1 (fr) 1996-06-28
FR2728662B1 (de) 1997-02-07

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