EP0715072B1 - Einspritzventil mit Umfassungsbuchse zur Verteilung des Brennstoffes - Google Patents

Einspritzventil mit Umfassungsbuchse zur Verteilung des Brennstoffes Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0715072B1
EP0715072B1 EP95402705A EP95402705A EP0715072B1 EP 0715072 B1 EP0715072 B1 EP 0715072B1 EP 95402705 A EP95402705 A EP 95402705A EP 95402705 A EP95402705 A EP 95402705A EP 0715072 B1 EP0715072 B1 EP 0715072B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
skirt
fuel
injector
downstream
air
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EP95402705A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0715072A1 (de
Inventor
Michael Pontoppidan
Bruno Covin
Jean-Christophe Lucas
Christophe Preterre
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Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
Marelli France SAS
Original Assignee
Renault SAS
Regie Nationale des Usines Renault
Magneti Marelli France SAS
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M69/00—Low-pressure fuel-injection apparatus ; Apparatus with both continuous and intermittent injection; Apparatus injecting different types of fuel
    • F02M69/04—Injectors peculiar thereto
    • F02M69/047—Injectors peculiar thereto injectors with air chambers, e.g. communicating with atmosphere for aerating the nozzles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M51/00—Fuel-injection apparatus characterised by being operated electrically
    • F02M51/06—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle
    • F02M51/08—Injectors peculiar thereto with means directly operating the valve needle specially for low-pressure fuel-injection

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuel injector of any type delivering at least one jet of fuel, and relates in particular to an injector of the so-called “multi-jet” type, and more specifically of the "twin-jet” type, for food an internal combustion engine, in particular at minus two intake valves per combustion chamber of the engine and by fuel injection selectively into one or each of two air intake ducts per combustion.
  • the invention therefore relates to the field of injectors fuel for engines, in particular for cars, equipped an injection fuel supply system, in particular of the type called "multipoint", that is to say comprising, for each combustion chamber, at least one preferably electrically controlled injector, which opens in the air intake manifold near a corresponding intake valve, and the injector the invention is advantageously applied to the equipment of injection engines with at least two intake ducts of air per combustion chamber and possibly having at minus two intake valves per combustion chamber.
  • a multi-jet injector and in particular twin-jet, which, at idle and at low and medium loads of engine, works as a single-jet injector, injecting a jet fuel in a first air intake duct and directed to a first intake valve, then to heavy engine loads, which operate as a twin-jet injector, that is to say delivering, in addition to the first jet, a second jet of fuel injected into the second conduit air intake and directed to a second valve of admission.
  • twin-jet injector makes it possible to control, in a to some extent, the conditions of formation of the air-fuel mixture in the corresponding combustion chamber, for more or less complete closure of one of the conduits admission to this room, performed with an organ throttle located downstream of the main regulating butterfly the air supply to the intake manifold.
  • the quality of food in a combustion chamber in air-fuel mixture as well as the quality of this mixture remain dependent on the forms and dimensions of the portions of the air intake duct (s) which extend between the mouth of the injector housing in this or these conduits and the seat (s) of the corresponding intake valves.
  • the length of the intake duct (s) between substantially the nozzle nose and the intake valve (s), as well as the shape of the injector housing connection to the air intake duct (s) are decisive.
  • the object of the invention is to remedy these drawbacks, and in particular to propose an injector of fuel ensuring better preparation of the air-fuel mixture than that obtained with injectors known.
  • Another object of the invention is to propose a fuel injector, in particular of the multi-jet type, better suited to various practice requirements than those known, in particular in that it can be mounted on any intake manifold or, optionally, any cylinder head, known classical structure, without prior adaptation particularly fine from the injector to the manifold or to the cylinder head.
  • the invention aims to provide a fuel injector, of advantageous structure when the structure and geometry of the cylinder head and / or the air intake manifold are such that the distance between the injector nose and the injection valve (s) corresponding is relatively large.
  • the fuel injector according to the invention in particular of the so-called multi-jet type, known by DE-A-41 29 834 and comprising a body provided with a nose, intended to be turned towards at least one air duct, and having at least one calibrated outlet hole of at least one jet of fuel oriented substantially towards the air duct (s) corresponding, and also comprising a dispersion skirt fuel that the skirt receives from each calibrated hole and the skirt transfers into the said air duct (s), the skirt having a general tubular structure, extending substantially the body and having an upstream part secured to the body and surrounding the injector nose and the or the calibrated holes, and a downstream part delimiting at least an outlet through which at least one passage for fuel formed in the skirt, leads to or one of the air ducts, the skirt being formed, at least in its downstream part, by at least one side wall progressively thinned bevel thickness decreasing from upstream to downstream to its free downstream edge, is characterized in that the free downstream edge of the skirt is in a thinne
  • EP-A-0 302 637 describes a downstream tubular element the nose of an injector, which element is in the form of a blade thinned at its downstream end. But this blade, in combination with air passages surrounding the element and forming an air circulation duct, allows to drive in air all the fuel droplets that form near the thinned blade and transport them upstream of the injector, so that the injector does not drop, according to a different concept of the invention, according which the thinned blade at the downstream edge of the skirt provides a tearing of fuel films reaching this downstream edge, along the side wall of the skirt.
  • the bevel (s) can be made on the face internal as on the external face of the downstream part of the skirt, used according to the invention as an active diffuser of fuel from the calibrated hole (s) of the injector nose.
  • the injector of the invention is advantageously such that at at least one side wall of its dispersion skirt has, on its internal face, at least one zone intended to be struck by at least one fuel jet coming out of at least a calibrated hole.
  • the injector skirt thus produced obtained by a adaptation of its geometry, and in particular its length, at the injector nose, and in particular at the angle of separation or divergence between fuel jets coming out of the calibrated holes of the nose in the case of an injector multi-jet, provides a post-spray effect, using at least one trailing edge of the blade thinned to downstream edge of its side wall (s) as a post-diffuser.
  • This post-spray trailing edge (s) is or are thus brought closer to the intake valve (s), and, in the case of a multi-jet injector, an angular refocusing fuel jets coming out of the injector nose is obtained by their percussion against the side wall (s).
  • This structure has the advantage of minimizing the formation of liquid fuel films on the wall in the extension of the intake duct into the cylinder head, vicinity of the intake valve seat (s), and provide relative insensitivity to the angle of separation between the fuel jets coming out of the nose of the injector.
  • the or fuel jets coming out of the calibrated hole (s) are injected into a diverging central bore towards downstream of the dispersion skirt, which can be relatively short and / or cooperate with a multi-jet injector nose for which the separation angle between the jets is relatively small, so the skirt can leave the or the developed jets of fuel pass freely into the space between its side walls, up to the opening of outlet of the corresponding fuel passage, which opens in the or one respectively of the intake ducts air, so as to take advantage of the post-spray effect of or trailing edges of the thinned blade (s) of the skirt only for the part of the fuel emanating from the injector during the opening and closing phases of it, because during these transient phases, the precision of the orientation of the jet (s) is less good than during the full opening phase of the injector where the jet (s) are developed, which can lead to the formation of the deposit a liquid
  • the bevel (s) of the side walls of the skirt can or can delimit (between them) a passage of constant cross section or, preferably, a divergent passage from upstream to downstream, but in no way case this passage must not be convergent downstream, for obtain the correct diffusion of fuel sought.
  • the skirt has a general external cylindrical shape of section preferably circular, and has a central bore of revolution, in which case at least the downstream end portion of this bore can be delimited by a single annular bevel.
  • the fuel diffusion skirt injector according to the invention may be a multi-jet spray injector only hydraulic, provided by a mechanical device, and of any known type.
  • the injector diffusion skirt of the invention either an injector air assisted spraying, and in particular with air flow capped, as described for example in the application for French patent n ° 94 08646 of the Applicant, and to which one will refer for more precision on the structure and operation of the injector.
  • the injector advantageously comprises a pneumatic spray cap, arranged in the skirt substantially at the level of the injector nose, and delimiting around two jets of fuel coming out of two calibrated holes a substantially annular channel supplied with spray assist air substantially at the atmospheric pressure, the cap having a plurality of air passage holes from the channel to the jets of fuel, the air passage openings having axes substantially transverse to the fuel jets and being distributed over the cap so that when each hole calibrated is released, and for low pressure gradients at the air passage openings, at high loads engine, two fuel jets coming out of the calibrated holes are diffused by the skirt each towards one respectively air intake ducts, while for strong pressure gradients, at idle and low loads and one of the fuel jets coming out of calibrated holes are preferably deflected by passing air through the holes in the cap, towards the other fuel jet which it mixes into a single cloud of sprayed fuel pneumatically in the skirt.
  • a pneumatic spray cap arranged in the skirt substantially at the level of the injector nose, and delimiting around
  • the twin-jet injector partially shown in the figure 1, includes a body whose silhouette is shown in 1, essentially cylindrical and of circular section, axis X-X, the end of which is intended to face the two air intake ducts to supply fuel is fitted with an injector nose 2, which has two holes calibrated 3 and 4 J1 and J2 fuel jets outlet, axes A and B divergent from each other and oriented towards a fuel dispersion skirt, described below and with which the injector is fitted, and outwards from the injector, substantially towards the air ducts, as shown in Figure 1.
  • Holes 3 and 4 and axes A and B are substantially symmetrical with respect to the axis X-X, and axes A and B are substantially contained in the same median or diametral plane passing through X-X.
  • holes 3 and 4 are normally closed by at least one shutter, recalled in closed position by elastic return means, at against which the shutter (s) are removed from each corresponding hole, to ensure their supply of pressurized fuel to deliver at least one jet of fuel, by controlling at least one actuator housed in body 1 with the shutter (s) and means of elastic reminder.
  • the actuator can be pneumatically operated or hydraulic, and include a mobile unit driving the or shutters, but generally it's at least an electromagnet with at least one control winding and at least one core integral in axial translation with the one or more obturators, thus separated from the hole (s) 3 and 4 by the electrical supply of the control winding (s), to make the two fuel jets J1 and J2 shoot out.
  • these jets are relatively thin, each at low divergence, and substantially centered in the median plane containing the axes X-X, A and B, because a pellet of calibration (not shown), mounted in the nose 2 and in which are drilled holes 3 and 4, also constitutes a hydraulic fuel spray diaphragm according to the two jets J1 and J2.
  • a spray injector air-assisted at a capped rate of the type known by the French patent application n ° 94 08646 whose description is incorporated into this application by way of reference
  • the injector is fitted with a spray cap air 5, of generally annular shape, which is mounted by its peripheral cylindrical crown 6 around the nose 2, which has a central chimney 7, of cylindro-conical shape, engaged inside the frustoconical recess in the face of the nose 2 on the side opposite the body 1, being applied by its free upper end against the nose 2, around calibrated holes 3 and 4.
  • the cap 5 also includes a 8 radial web (relative to the X-X axis) connecting the chimney 7 at the peripheral crown 6 applied against the periphery of the nose 2, so that the cap 5 delimits with the nose 2, on the one hand, a mixing and assistance zone 9 pneumatic spraying, delimited inside the chimney 7, and into which the two holes open calibrated 3 and 4 output jets of fuel J1 and J2, and, on the other hand, a peripheral annular channel 10, which is supplied with air at substantially atmospheric pressure by holes 11 in the crown 6.
  • the assistance air pneumatic spray reaches channel 10, passing through the fuel diffusion skirt described below and in a pipe which connects it to an air intake located between the engine air filter outlet and the body throttle regulating power main in engine air.
  • This air reaching the canal 10 is introduced in air jets into the mixing zone and spray 9, to ensure proper preparation of the air-fuel mixture in jets J1 and J2, passing through orifices 12 defined for the passage of air, formed with appropriate dimensions in the conical part of the chimney central 7 of the cap 6, with a distribution and a particular guidelines, which are described below.
  • the air passage openings 12 of the cover 5 are for example distributed symmetrically with respect to the plane diametral and median containing axes A and B of holes 3 and 4 and the injector X-X axis (plane of FIG. 1), and, simultaneously, these orifices 12 are asymmetrical by relative to a second diametral plane, perpendicular to that cited above.
  • the axes of these orifices 12 are inclined and converge towards each other and towards the interior of the spray zone 9, and the axis of each orifice 12 is slightly inclined from upstream to downstream on the longitudinal axis X-X of the injector, the air jets passing through these orifices 12 thus being substantially transverse to the jets of fuel J1 and J2.
  • Orientation and distribution particular of the air passage orifices 12 have for effect only at high engine loads, so when the air intake butterfly valve is fully open, the pressure gradient applied to the orifices 12, between the channel 10 substantially at atmospheric pressure and the area 9, is a weak gradient, so that the air jets passing through the orifices 12 do not disturb or modify the orientation of the jets J1 and J2 leaving the calibrated holes 3 and 4.
  • the twin-jet injector works like a single-jet.
  • the air arriving in zone 9 is efficient to improve spraying of fuel to loads low or medium, at all speeds and at idle.
  • a excellent spraying is ensured in the modes of operation at reduced load such as when switching on high speed action or decelerations.
  • the injector also includes a dispersion skirt fuel 13, of generally external cylindrical shape of circular section, and of tubular structure, the upstream part 14 delimits an internal housing of revolution and enlarged section, allowing mounting and fixing skirt 13 around body 1 and nose 2, by any means appropriate and known mechanical devices (screwing or crimping by example).
  • the upstream part 14 of the skirt 13 is connected to its downstream part 15 at an internal radial shoulder 16, surrounding the entrance to a central bore 17 of the downstream part 15, and having an annular groove housing a seal elastically deformable and applied toric seal 18 against the radial web 8 of the cap 5, the crown of which external 6 is held against the periphery of the nose 2 by ribs 19 internal to the upstream part 14 of the skirt 13, between shoulder 16 and radial holes 20 drilled in this upstream part 14, for the supply of assistance air pneumatic, substantially at atmospheric pressure, passing between the ribs 19 to the holes 11 in the outer crown 6 of the cap 15.
  • the skirt 13 ensures the supply of the cap 5 in spray assistance air.
  • the central bore 17 of the downstream part 15 of the skirt 13, mounted substantially coaxial around the axis X-X on the nose 2 and body 1 of the injector, is a coaxial bore frustoconical diverging downstream and so that the wall side of this part 15 of skirt 13 is gradually thinned bevel 21 of thickness decreasing from upstream to downstream to its free downstream edge forming the trailing edge 22 in a thinned blade.
  • downstream end part of the latter is formed by a single annular bevel 21 diverge downstream, but alternatively the downstream part 15 of the skirt 13 can be of polygonal section and formed opposite side walls, each of which is gradually thinned bevel thickness decreasing downstream to a trailing edge downstream in a thinned blade.
  • the downstream part 15 of the skirt 13 is sufficiently short, taking into account the angle of separation of the jets developed J1 and J2, so that these jets pass freely, as shown in Figure 1, in the space delimited by the diverging bore 17, and therefore in the passages of fuel 23 opening at 24 into the intake ducts of air. Thanks to the bevel 21 with free downstream edge in a thinned blade 22 forming the trailing edge, the liquid fuel films, supplied during the transient phases of the injector, and flowing along the internal walls of the downstream part 15 from the skirt 13, are torn off by the flow of air in the intake ducts, and possibly around the downstream end portion of the skirt 13, which can make protruding into these conduits.
  • the short skirt 13 of the injector of FIG. 1 can be particularly advantageous when the distance between the nozzle 2 of the injector and the intake valves of the combustion chamber to be supplied is not too large, taking into account the divergence of the J1 and J2 jets.
  • an injector long skirt can advantageously be used, for example according to one of the variants of FIGS. 2 to 8, which is not distinguish from the injector of figure 1 only by the shape and the length of the downstream part of their skirt, so that the same reference numbers are kept for designate the same elements.
  • the modular twin-jet injector with air assistance of Figure 2 has a long skirt 25 of which the downstream part 26 has a central bore 27 of cylindro-conical shape, and more precisely formed of a frusto-conical upstream portion 27a and diverging from upstream to downstream, from an intermediate portion 27b cylindrical preferably of circular section, spanning most of the length of the game downstream 26 of the skirt 25, and a downstream portion 27c also of frustoconical and divergent form from upstream to downstream.
  • This downstream portion 27c of the bore 27 constitutes the face internal of an annular bevel 28, constituting the end downstream of the downstream part 26 of the skirt 25, and ending at its free downstream edge 29 in a thinned blade forming an edge of flight.
  • the length of the downstream part 26 of the skirt 25, and in particular the axial dimension of its bore portions 27a and 27b, is adapted to the rest of the injector, and particular to the calibrated holes in his nose 2 so that each of the two diverging jets of fuel J1 and J2 from nose 2 strikes an area 30 located upstream of the bevel 28 on the internal face of one respectively of two diametrically opposite parts of the side wall of the downstream part of the skirt 26.
  • each of the jets J1 and J2 breaks on the side wall of the skirt 25, and the fuel for this jet is then dispersed and diffused by the bevel 28 and its edge leak in thinned blade 29 in one of the air ducts, in which a good air-fuel mixture is formed, thanks to the presence of this bevel 28 and its trailing edge in thinned blade 29.
  • the thinned blade 29 of the skirt 25 brings the post-diffusion closer that it provides corresponding intake valves, relative to the nozzle 2 of the injector, from which emerge the two fuel jets J1 and J2.
  • These jets are more angularly refocused by their percussion in 30 on parts of the side wall of the skirt. This results in a some compensation for too great a distance between the injector nose 2 of the corresponding intake valve (s), so minimal formation of liquid films of fuel on the wall of the intake ducts, and one more high insensitivity to a variation of the angle of separation between jets J1 and J2.
  • Figures 3 and 4 show a variant injector with a long skirt forming a post-diffuser which does not differs essentially from that of figure 2 only by the shape of the central bore of the downstream part of the skirt and the structure of opposite parts of its side wall forming the bevels.
  • the skirt 31 has a downstream part 32 whose central bore 33 is formed of an upstream portion 33a frustoconical divergent downstream and of axial dimension limited, and a downstream portion 33b, which is cylindrical preferably of circular section and extends over the rest of the length of the downstream part of the skirt 32.
  • Bevels 34 thickness decreasing from upstream to downstream to a free downstream edge or trailing edge 35 in a thinned blade are formed in the downstream end part of the bore 33 by cylindrical machining of axes inclined one on the other and on the longitudinal axis of the skirt 31, and converging towards inside the skirt 31, the machining being carried out in the inner face of the two diametrically opposite halves of the bottom of the skirt 31.
  • each free downstream edge 35 in the form of a blade thinned by a bevel 34 has a concave notch 36, with concavity turned downstream, and substantially symmetrical, like each bevel 34, with respect to the median diametral plane of the bore 33 corresponding to the plane of Figure 3, that is to say to the plane containing substantially the axes of the jets of fuel J1 and J2 and the longitudinal axis of the injector.
  • outlet orifice formed by the skirt 31 for each fuel jets J1 and J2 is thus delimited between the two opposite side walls each formed by one of the two bevels 34 which diverge downstream one relative to to the other and relative to the axis of the bore 33, delimiting thus between them a divergent passage downstream.
  • each of the two divergent fuel jets J1 and J2 hits a percussion zone 37 located upstream of a corresponding bevel 34, on one respectively of two diametrically opposite parts of the face internal side wall of the skirt, in the part cylindrical 33b of its central bore 33.
  • each jet of fuel is then dispersed and diffused in one of the two corresponding air ducts, in which an excellent air-fuel mixture is obtained thanks to the whistle conformation given to the orifice exit of the skirt for each jet of fuel through the cooperation of a bevel 34, of its trailing edge 35 in the form of a blade thinned and its concave notch 36.
  • the concave notch 36 improves the spraying of the fuel by tearing off liquid fuel films flowing on the internal face of the side walls of the skirt, downstream of the percussion zones 37.
  • the bevels can be produced on the external face of the downstream end part of the skirt, as shown in Figures 5 to 8.
  • the skirt 38 has its downstream part 39, the central bore 40 of which comprises a upstream portion 40a frustoconical diverging downstream and a downstream portion 40b, which follows it, and which is cylindrical and preferably circular in section up to the end downstream of the skirt 51.
  • Two bevels 41 are each formed by one respectively of two cylindrical machining of axes inclined one on the other and symmetrically on the axis longitudinal of the skirt 38, and concurrent with the latter downstream of the skirt 38.
  • Each bevel 41 is formed in the external face of one of the two parts respectively diametrically opposite of the cylindrical wall of the part downstream end of the skirt 38, against the internal face which the jets J1 and J2 break in the percussion zones 44.
  • the bevels 41 are formed so each of them ends in a trailing edge thinned 42 having a concave notch 43, concavity downstream, which improves diffusion, in a corresponding air duct for fuel from the jet post-sprayed on the trailing edge 42 and the notch 43 corresponding.
  • the bore central 47 of the downstream part 46 of the skirt 45 has a downstream end portion 47c frustoconical and divergent downstream, which follows the intermediate portion 47b cylindrical itself following the upstream portion 47a frustoconical and divergent downstream.
  • the two bevels 48 trailing edge in a thinned blade 49 having a notch concave 50 are preferably formed by two machining operations in the outer face of the opposite halves of the wall of the downstream part 46 of the skirt, not only at all the divergent downstream portion 47c of the internal bore, but also from an adjacent part of the bore portion cylindrical 47b.
  • the bevels 48 are substantially join at the point of two diametrically spikes opposite, protruding downstream, and obtained by cylindrical machining of axes inclined one on the other and symmetrically on the longitudinal axis of the skirt 45, in because of their intersections with the bore portion divergent frustoconical 47c in the wall of the downstream part skirt 46.
  • each edge of leak in thinned blade 49 with its notch 50 is formed in the skirt on one side of the wall directly downstream of one of the two percussion zones 51 of the two jets of fuel J1 and J2.
  • This variant like those of FIGS. 3 to 6, promotes the transfer of fuel from J1 and J2 jets to two corresponding air ducts, under conditions suitable for ensuring proper preparation of the air-fuel mixture to the entrance of the combustion chamber.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Einspritzdüse für Brennstoff von insbesondere « mehrstrahliger » Bauweise zur Versorgung eines Verbrennungsmotors, insbesondere mit wenigstens zwei Einlaßventilen pro Verbrennungskammer des Motors und durch Einspritzung des Brennstoffs wahlweise in einen oder jeden der beiden Lufteinlaßkanäle je Verbrennungskammer, wobei die Einspritzdüse einen Körper (1) umfaßt, der eine Nase (2) aufweist, die wenigstens zu einem Lufteinlaßkanal hin gerichtet ist, und wenigstens ein kalibriertes Ausgangsloch (3,4) für wenigstens einen Brennstoffstrahl (J1,J2) aufweist, das im wesentlichen zu dem oder den entsprechenden Lufteinlaßkanal/-kanälen ausgerichtet ist, und zudem auch eine Dispersionsblende (13) für den Brennstoff umfaßt, den die Blende (13) von jedem kalibrierten Loch (3,4) erhält und den die Blende (13) in den oder die Lufteinslaßkanal/-kanäle weiterleitet, wobei die Blende (13) eine allgemein rohrförmige Struktur aufweist, die den Körper (1) erheblich verlängert und einen mit dem Körper (1) fest verbundenen und die Nase (2) der Einspritzdüse und das oder die kalibrierte(n) Loch/Löcher (3,4) umgebenden stromaufwärts liegenden Teil (14) und einen wenigstens eine Ausgangsöffnung (24) begrenzenden, stromabwärts liegenden Teil (15) aufweist, durch welche Ausgangsöffnung wenigstens ein in der Blende (13) ausgebildeter Brennstroffdurchgang (23) zu der oder den Luftkanal/-kanälen hin mündet, wobei die Blende wenigstens in ihrem stromabwärts liegenden Teil (15) durch wenigstens eine Seitenwand gebildet ist, die sich als Abschrägung (21) mit abnehmender Dicke von stromaufwärts nach stromabwärts bis zu ihrem freien stromabwärts liegenden Rand hin fortschreitend verjüngt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der stromabwärts liegende freie Rand der Blende (13) eine scharfe Kante (22) ist.
  2. Einspritzdüse nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder Brennstoffstrahl (J1, J2), der aus jedem kalibrierten Loch (3,4) austritt, in eine Zentralbohrung (17) eingespritzt wird, die in richtung stromabwärts der Blende (13) divergiert.
  3. Einspritzdüse nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß jeder Brennstroffstrahl (J1,J2), der aus jedem kalibrierten Loch (3,4) austritt, in eine konischzylinderförmige Zentralbohrung (27) der Blende (25) eingespritzt wird, wobei im stromabwärts liegenden Ende der Blende die Zentralbohrung (27) mit einer Divergenz (27c) mündet.
  4. Einspritzdüse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine konkave Aussparung (36) mit einer nach stromabwärts gerichteten Konkavität in dem stromabwärts liegenden freien Rand in Form einer scharfen Kante (35) jeder Abschrägung (34) ausgebildet ist.
  5. Einspritzdüse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abschrägung(en) (34) auf der Innenfläche des stromabwärts liegenden Teils (32) der Blende (31) ausgebildet sind.
  6. Einspritzdüse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abschrägung(en) (41, 48) auf der Außenfläche des stromabwärts liegenden Teils (39, 46) der Blende (38, 45) ausgebildet sind.
  7. Einspritzdüse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens eine Seitenwand (26) der Blende (25) auf ihrer Innenfläche (27b) eine Zone (30) aufweist, die durch wenigstens einen aus wenigstens einem kalibrierten Loch (3, 4) austretenden Brennstoffstrahl (J1, J2) durchdrungen werden kann.
  8. Einspritzdüse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Blende (13) eine äußere Form von allgemein zylinderförmigem, vorzugsweise kreisförmigem Querschnitt hat und eine umlaufende Zentralbohrung (17) aufweist.
  9. Einspritzdüse nach einem der Ansprüche 2 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß wenigstens der Abschnitt des stromabwärts liegenden Endes (27c) der Zentralbohrung (27) der Blende (25) durch eine ringförmige Abschrägung (28) begrenzt ist.
  10. Einspritzdüse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß sie von zweistrahliger Bauweise ist, mit einer pneumatisch unterstützten Zerstäubung, und eine pneumatische Zerstäubungskappe (5) umfaßt, die in der Blende (13) im wesentlichen auf der Höhe der Nase (2) der Einspritzdüse angeordnet ist und um die aus den beiden kalibrierten Löchern (3, 4) austretenden beiden Brennstoffstrahle (J1, J2) herum einen im wesentlichen ringförmigen Kanal (10) begrenzt, der mit Luft zur Unterstützung der Zerstäubung im wesentlichen unter Umgebungsdruck versorgt wird, wobei die Kappe (5) eine Mehrzahl von Öffnungen (12) für den Durchgang von Luft aus dem Kanal (5) zu den Brennstoffstrahle (J1,J2) hin aufweist, wobei die Luftdurchgangsöffnungen (12) Achsen haben, die im wesentlichen quer zu den Brennstoffstrahlen (J1, J2) liegen und über die Kappe (5) derart verteilt sind, daß, wenn jedes kalibrierte Loch (3, 4) freigegeben ist, und für schwache Druckgradienten auf der Höhe der Luftdurchgangsöffnungen (12) bei starken Motorlasten, zwei aus den kalibrierten Löchern (3, 4) austretende Brennstoffstrahle (J1, J2) durch die Blende (13) jeweils zu einem der beiden Lufteinlaßkanäle hin zerstreut, während für starke Druckgradienten im Leerlauf und bei schwachen oder mittleren Motorlasten einer (J1) der aus den kalibrierten Löchern (3, 4) austretenden Brennstoffstrahle von der durch die Öffnungen (12) der Kappe (5) hindurchgehenden Luft vorzugsweise zu dem anderen Brennstoffstrahl (J2) hin abgelenkt wird, bei welchem sie sich zu einem einzigen Brennstoffnebel vermischen, der in der Blende (13) auf pneumatischem Weg zerstäubt wird.
EP95402705A 1994-12-01 1995-11-30 Einspritzventil mit Umfassungsbuchse zur Verteilung des Brennstoffes Expired - Lifetime EP0715072B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR9414457 1994-12-01
FR9414457A FR2727721A1 (fr) 1994-12-01 1994-12-01 Injecteur a jupe de dispersion de carburant

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EP0715072A1 EP0715072A1 (de) 1996-06-05
EP0715072B1 true EP0715072B1 (de) 1999-03-24

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US (1) US5694898A (de)
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DE (1) DE69508534T2 (de)
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0715072A1 (de) 1996-06-05
US5694898A (en) 1997-12-09
ES2132566T3 (es) 1999-08-16
DE69508534T2 (de) 1999-10-28
DE69508534D1 (de) 1999-04-29
FR2727721A1 (fr) 1996-06-07
FR2727721B1 (de) 1997-02-14

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