EP0710166A1 - Systeme permettant de relier une quenouille de cuve metallurgique a son dispositif de levage, quenouille appropriee au systeme et procede de production dudit systeme - Google Patents

Systeme permettant de relier une quenouille de cuve metallurgique a son dispositif de levage, quenouille appropriee au systeme et procede de production dudit systeme

Info

Publication number
EP0710166A1
EP0710166A1 EP94920872A EP94920872A EP0710166A1 EP 0710166 A1 EP0710166 A1 EP 0710166A1 EP 94920872 A EP94920872 A EP 94920872A EP 94920872 A EP94920872 A EP 94920872A EP 0710166 A1 EP0710166 A1 EP 0710166A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
carrier
arrangement according
stopper rod
rod
sleeve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94920872A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0710166B1 (fr
Inventor
Burkhard Labod
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0710166A1 publication Critical patent/EP0710166A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0710166B1 publication Critical patent/EP0710166B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
    • B22D41/14—Closures
    • B22D41/16—Closures stopper-rod type, i.e. a stopper-rod being positioned downwardly through the vessel and the metal therein, for selective registry with the pouring opening
    • B22D41/18—Stopper-rods therefor

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement of the type corresponding to the preamble of claim 1 and also includes a method for producing the device.
  • refractory stopper rods to control the flow of molten metal from a pan or tundish into a mold
  • the stopper rod is moved in the direction of its longitudinal axis by a lifting device adjacent to the outside of the tundish, whereby a pouring opening arranged at the bottom of the tundish, into which the stopper rod engages in the lowered state and flows completely, is opened more or less.
  • the flow of the molten metal can thus be regulated.
  • this regulation is in principle quite simple, the extreme conditions prevailing in steel processing place special demands on the materials and the technical design of the stopper rod. So the stopper rod must withstand the action of a molten metal for hours.
  • the stopper rod must also be suitable to withstand the strong temperature fluctuations which act on the stopper rod during a casting process and the laterally acting forces caused by the buoyancy of the molten metal which exert a strong bending moment on the stopper rod.
  • a breakage of the stopper rod inevitably means that the spout can no longer be closed, which leads to an uncontrolled outflow of the stopper. ze results. It therefore poses a considerable security risk.
  • a disadvantage of this early embodiment is that the provision of the plug rods requires a relatively high amount of material and labor on site.
  • the steel rods also tend to warp due to the temperature gradients and fluctuations that occur during casting, which can easily lead to the sheathing breaking and thus to the destruction of the plug rod.
  • Such plug rods are usually produced by isostatic pressing of powdered ceramic material into a blank, which is then fired, i.e. is subjected to a temperature treatment for the purpose of sintering.
  • a one-piece retaining rod which extends over a certain area into the stopper rod and is firmly connected to it.
  • a gas channel is incorporated into the holding rod, which communicates on the one hand with the longitudinal bore of the stopper rod and on the other hand with a connecting device for the gas supply line. It is particularly important that the connection between the holding rod and the plug rod prevents ambient air from getting into the interior of the plug rod and thus into the molten steel, since this would lead to increased oxidation and thus to a deterioration in the steel quality .
  • connection between the ceramic stopper rod and the metallic retaining rod is problematic in particular because of the high thermal and mechanical loads acting on the connection.
  • a ceramic thread insert which is adapted to the Ilalt rod and which can be screwed into the plug rod from above into a thread worked in by isostatic pressing in the upper region of the plug rod.
  • a disadvantage of this device is that the wall thickness of the plug rod is greatly reduced in the area of the thread used, which means that it breaks easily in this area. Furthermore, because of the use of the ceramic thread inserts to be manufactured separately, this device is relatively complex to manufacture.
  • both the stopper rod and the holding rod are simple to manufacture and also easy to separate, but the entire load occurring when the stopper rod is lifted acts on the material surrounding the transverse bore, which in turn often leads to material breaks. In addition, the production of a gas-tight connection is difficult.
  • a threaded hole is machined into the upper end of the stopper rod by isostatic pressing, into which the retaining rod is screwed directly into the stopper rod with its thread provided at the lower end.
  • a gas-tight connection between the stopper and the holding rods is possible with this device, but the different thermal expansion coefficients of Kera- Mik and steel to form tensions in the thread, which can lead to breakage of the plug rod, especially at higher temperatures.
  • a further development of the above-mentioned embodiments is a device according to EP 0 358 535 A2.
  • a metallic threaded bushing is pressed isostatically in the upper area of the longitudinal bore, which is engaged on the outside by means of alternately arranged round grooves and all-round webs ceramic plug rod material is located.
  • An annular sealing surface is formed in the stopper rod above the threaded bushing by increasing the diameter of the longitudinal bore.
  • the holding rod provided with a corresponding thread can be screwed into the threaded bushing from above until a sealing collar arranged above the thread is supported on the sealing surface of the annular sealing seat.
  • an external thread is provided on the holding rod above the sealing collar in order to counter the stopper by means of a holding plate and a screwed-on nut.
  • a disadvantage of this embodiment is that the metallic threaded bushing can easily scale during firing, which can make it difficult to screw in the holding rod.
  • the tightening of the lock nut which counteracts the contact pressure of the sealing collar of the holding rod on the annular sealing surface of the stopper rod can lead to a lifting of both sealing surfaces from one another due to the different thermal expansion coefficients of the materials.
  • This device is also relatively complex to manufacture.
  • the sealing collar provided on the holding rod and the thread required for screwing on the lock nut require the machining of the holding rod from a blank which has at least the outer diameter of the sealing collar.
  • the resulting material loss during processing is of the order of 50%. In particular, it therefore represents a significant cost factor because the service life of the support rod is relatively short, in particular due to rapid scaling in the lower area exposed to the strongest temperature.
  • a disadvantage of this arrangement is that after the lower part of the holding rod and the plug rod protruding into the plug rod have been pressed together, no means can subsequently be introduced into the longitudinal recess in the longitudinal recess, which means can be obtained by immersing a cold plug rod in a molten metal or when filling a tundish with a plug rod with a molten metal due to the sudden, heat-induced gas expansion recoil are suitable to reduce.
  • porous, ceramic inserts have proven useful, which are inserted into the longitudinal recess of the finished stopper rod and fill at least part of their inner volume.
  • the invention has for its object to further develop a generic arrangement such that on the one hand a worn plug rod can be exchanged for a new one in a few simple steps by the personnel, and on the other hand the design of the plug rod allows the effect of the plug rod after firing Inserts described to reduce the effects caused by changes in gas volume in the longitudinal recess of the stopper rod.
  • the plug rod can be mounted on the holding rod designed as a carrier tube in a simple manner by pushing the carrier tube with a preassembled stop into the longitudinal recess of the plug rod and a locking member which is in one with the internal volume of the carrier tube corresponding transverse opening rests, is displaced by suitable means such that it engages behind the upper boundary surface of an installation space provided in the stopper rod. Since the side walls of the installation space are curved downwards or taper into the longitudinal recess, the locking member can be pushed back into the cross-section of the carrier for dismantling the plug rod by pushing the carrier a little into the plug rod after releasing the stop becomes. After this shift can the stopper rod is pulled down from the carrier.
  • the installation space is provided in the inner volume of a press-in sleeve which is pressed into the stopper rod during isostatic pressing.
  • the press-in sleeve is simple and inexpensive to manufacture if it consists of a rotationally symmetrical turned part (claim 3).
  • This measure can also serve to accommodate a heat-resistant sealing ring if special requirements make a particularly good sealing effect between the press-in sleeve and the plug rod necessary.
  • a correspondingly better sealing effect between the press-in sleeve and the carrier can be achieved according to claim 6 in that the press-in sleeve has at least one inner all-round groove in its area forming part of the longitudinal recess, in which a heat-resistant sealing ring rests.
  • the press-in sleeve has at least one inner all-round groove in its area forming part of the longitudinal recess, in which a heat-resistant sealing ring rests.
  • the holding forces can be adequately distributed in a simple and cost-effective manner by moving the upper boundary surface from one to the other Plug rod in the manufacture of which the support ring is pressed in.
  • the carrier is particularly suitable for connecting the gas supply and for mounting in the plug rod if it has a central longitudinal bore according to claim 10.
  • the transverse opening then advantageously consists of a radial bore which is arranged perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the carrier and communicates with its longitudinal bore.
  • a cylindrical pin whose length corresponds approximately to half the outer diameter of the carrier advantageously serves as the locking member in this embodiment.
  • the bolt In the inserted state, ie in the "unlocked” position, the bolt thus protrudes approximately up to the longitudinal axis of the carrier into its longitudinal bore.
  • the position of the bolt "locked” can advantageously be selected so that it corresponds to a displacement of the bolt into a position that closes with the inner circumference of the longitudinal bore.
  • the bolt can then be secured in the "locked" position in a simple manner by providing at the lower end of the carrier a cross-sectional constriction which reduces the diameter of the longitudinal bore and on which a securing sleeve inserted from above into the longitudinal bore of the carrier is supported which covers the radial bore (claims 13 and 14).
  • a further preferred embodiment of the locking member, in which the securing sleeve can be dispensed with, and the configuration of the transverse opening necessary for receiving this locking member are the subject of claims 15 and 16.
  • the stop is formed by a nut which is screwed onto an external thread of the carrier which extends upward from the end face of the stopper rod and which opposes one another supports the end face by means of a thrust washer.
  • the displacement of the locking member from the "unlocked” position to the "locked” position can advantageously be carried out according to claim 21 by means of an auxiliary mounting rod that can be inserted into the longitudinal bore of the carrier, the insertion end of which tapers and is therefore suitable for the locking member to shift its length protruding into the longitudinal bore in the "unlocked” position.
  • a method which is particularly suitable for producing a device according to one of the previous claims is the subject of claim 22.
  • a secure, insoluble and essentially tight-fitting seat of the press-in sleeve or the support ring in the stopper rod is achieved in that the press-in sleeve or the support ring is pressed into the plug rod during isostatic pressing and is then burned together with the plug rod.
  • the installation space required below the support ring can advantageously be generated in the stopper rod in that, during isostatic pressing, a spacer sleeve, which consists of a pressure-stable material such as plastic or the like, which is evaporated during the subsequent firing, is pressed in below the support ring and / or burns.
  • the press-in sleeve or the support ring is coated with a material before the common isostatic pressing, which evaporates during the firing.
  • the thread arranged on the carrier is machined in the latter without cutting.
  • FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through a first embodiment of the device according to the invention
  • FIG. 3 shows a longitudinal section through a second embodiment of the device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 4 shows a longitudinal section through a third embodiment of the device according to the invention.
  • FIG. 5 shows a longitudinal section through a contour insert consisting of a metal molding, by means of which the installation space can be formed in the embodiment according to FIG. 4, and
  • FIG. 6 shows a longitudinal section through a spacer sleeve, by means of which the installation space can be formed in the embodiment according to FIG. 4.
  • the information refers to the hanging operating position of the arrangement shown in FIGS. 1, 3 and 4.
  • two different embodiments of the locking member are shown on both sides of the longitudinal axis of the arrangement, which are usually used alternatively. In principle, however, it is also possible to use both embodiments together in an arrangement according to the invention.
  • the arrangement designated 100 in the drawing as a whole consists of an elongated, metallic carrier 10, which with its lower region 1 is in a Longitudinal recess 8 of a refractory, ceramic stopper rod 2 protrudes.
  • the carrier 10 has a central longitudinal bore 3 extending over its entire length, the diameter of which is approximately 30% of the outer diameter of the carrier 10.
  • the carrier 10 On its outer circumference 5, the carrier 10 carries an external thread 6 which extends from its upper end 4 to its lower region 1 and which serves on the one hand to receive a nut 7 and on the other hand to fasten the carrier 10 to a lifting device (not shown in the drawing).
  • the nut 7 forming a stop 70 delimits the lower region 1 of the carrier 10 which can be inserted into the longitudinal recess 8 of the stopper rod 2 and is supported by means of a thrust washer 9 on the upper end face 11 of the stopper rod 2.
  • a thrust washer 9 on the upper end face 11 of the stopper rod 2.
  • the bores 12, 13 form transverse openings 50, 50 'and serve to accommodate locking members 60, 60' which can be displaced perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis L and which serve to lock the carrier 10 in the stopper rod 2.
  • 1, 3 and 4 different embodiments of the locking members 60, 60 'are shown on both sides of the longitudinal axis L.
  • the locking member 60 ' consists of a cylindrical bolt 14 which rests in the bore 12 and forms a sliding fit with it.
  • the bolt 14 In the "unlocked" position, the bolt 14 remains entirely in the cross section of the carrier 10 and extends approximately from the outer mouth of the bore 12 to the longitudinal axis L of the arrangement, so that the lower region 1 of the carrier 10 into the longitudinal recess 8 of the stopper rod 2 can be inserted.
  • the bolt 14 protrudes by about half the diameter of the longitudinal bore 3 from the cross section and engages behind an upper boundary surface 16, which is oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis L of the arrangement, of an installation space 17 which widens the longitudinal recess 8 and which is provided within the plug rod 2.
  • the carrier 10 cannot be pulled up out of the stopper rod 2.
  • the upper boundary surface is 16 provided with an undercut 18.
  • a further securing of the bolt 14 in its "locked" position is provided by a securing sleeve 19 which can be inserted into the longitudinal bore 3 and which is supported on a cross-sectional constriction 51 provided at the lower end 20 of the carrier 10.
  • the cross-sectional constriction 51 is formed by means of a perforated disk 21 attached to the lower end 20 of the carrier 10, the hole diameter 22 of which corresponds approximately to the inside diameter 23 of the securing sleeve.
  • the perforated disk is secured to the carrier 10 by a spot weld 35, which can optionally be released by an external force, for example by a hammer blow.
  • the securing sleeve 19 extends from the perforated disk 21 so far upward in the longitudinal bore 3 that it covers the bore 12 with its outer circumference, so that the bolt 14 cannot "shift" out of its position.
  • the locking member 60 consists of a bolt 24 which carries a countersunk-shaped extension 25 at its outward end.
  • the total length of the bolt 24, corresponding to the bolt 14, is approximately half the diameter of the carrier 10, and the side of the bolt 24 facing the longitudinal bore 3 likewise ends in a steep, tapered cone 26.
  • the bolt 24 forming a sliding fit with the bore 13 is fully inserted into the carrier 10, so that the countersunk-shaped extension 25 rests in a countersink 27 machined into the carrier 10 from the outside.
  • the bolt is in the "locked” state 24 in a position in which it protrudes from the support approximately over the thickness of the countersunk extension 25.
  • the projecting, oblique annular surface 28 of the countersunk extension 25 interacts with the undercut 18 of the upper boundary surface 16 of the installation space 17, so that the bolt 24 cannot "shift” from its position automatically.
  • the assembly auxiliary rod 36 consists of an elongated round rod 37, which comprises a handle 38 at its upper end. Its lower end forms a tapered cone 39 which, when inserted, interacts with the cones 15, 26 of the bolts 14, 24 in the cross section of the carrier 10 and displaces them outwards. In this "locked” position, the bolts 14, 24 engage behind the upper boundary surface 16, so that the carrier 10 can no longer be pulled out of the plug rod 2.
  • the carrier 10 By subsequently tightening the nut 7 against the upper end face 11 of the plug rod 2, the carrier 10 can be countered, thereby ensuring a tight fit.
  • a sealing packing can be inserted into the threads covered by the nut 7.
  • the rotationally symmetrical installation space 17 is worked into a press-in sleeve 29, which consists of a turned part made of a metallic material.
  • the installation space 17 faces away from the upper boundary surface 16 cylindrical region 30 extending below, to which a flat, conically tapering region 31 adjoins, which merges into the longitudinal recess 8.
  • the bolts 14, 24 possibly after removing the securing sleeve 19 — after removing or moving the nut 7 upward from its position “locked” into the “unlocked” position in that the Carrier is pushed further into the longitudinal recess 8 of the plug rod 2 and the bolts 14, 24 are inserted through the side walls of the flat conical region 31 of the installation space 17 into the cross section of the carrier 10. After this process, the carrier 2 can be pulled upwards out of the stop rod.
  • the press-in sleeve In its area 32 above the upper boundary surface of the installation space, the press-in sleeve forms part of the longitudinal recess 8. In this area 32, an internal all-round groove 33 is machined into the press-in sleeve 29, which serves to receive a heat-resistant sealing ring 34.
  • the high sealing action between the press-in sleeve 29 and the carrier 10, which is required in special applications, can be achieved by the sealing ring 34.
  • the press-in sleeve 29 has a cylindrical outer shape. Their security against rotation in the stopper rod 2 is served by a flat key surface 40 milled into its outer circumference. Since the press-in sleeve 29 is pressed isostatically together with the stopper rod 2, its outer circumference is completely surrounded by the ceramic stopper rod material.
  • two circumferential grooves 41, 42 which are at a vertical distance from one another are additionally machined into the outer circumference of the press-in sleeve 29 '.
  • This configuration of the press-in sleeve 29 ' creates additional connecting surfaces between the press-in sleeve 29' and the stopper rod 2, so that the total of the stopper rod material rial-acting surface load is reduced compared to the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 1.
  • This embodiment is also particularly suitable for applications in which a particularly good sealing effect between the carrier 10 and the plug rod 2 is required, since, for example, a heat-resistant sealing ring 43, as shown in FIG. 3, can be inserted into the upper all-round groove 41.
  • the configuration of the arrangement according to the invention according to FIG. 4 which is inexpensive to produce is recommended.
  • only a support ring 44 is in the stopper rod 2 for distributing the holding forces applied by the carrier 10 to the stopper rod material isostatically pressed, the underside 45 of which forms the upper boundary surface 16, which in turn has an undercut 18.
  • the security against rotation of the support ring 44 in the plug rod 2 can in turn serve a flat key surface, not shown in the drawing.
  • the installation space 17 can be formed in two ways.
  • a contour insert 46 consisting of a molded metal part, the inner volume of which has the described shape of the installation space 17, can be pressed in isostatically.
  • a pressure-resistant spacer sleeve 47 the outer contour of which corresponds to the "negative" of the described shape of the installation space 17, i.e. which forms the installation space 17 directly in the stopper rod material during isostatic pressing.
  • Such a spacer sleeve 47 is made of a material, e.g. pressure-resistant plastic or the like, which evaporates and / or burns during a subsequent heat treatment of the stopper rod, the so-called "burning".

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Furnace Charging Or Discharging (AREA)

Abstract

Le système (100) comprend un support (10) à l'extrémité duquel est relié un dispositif de levage et dont l'autre extrémité est en saillie dans une cavité longitudinale (8) intérieure d'une quenouille (2). Cette dernière (2) comporte un logement d'introduction (17) qui élargit latéralement la cavité longitudinale (8) et dont les parois latérales qui se joignent vers le bas, constituent une transition courbée ou conique, avec la cavité longitudinale (8). Le support (10) comprend au moins un élément d'arrêt (14, 24) qui peut être déplacé par une barre auxiliaire de montage (36) pouvant être introduite dans la cavité longitudinale (8), de manière à faire saillie depuis la section transversale du support (10) dans le logement d'introduction (17). Pour libérer la liaison, après avoir desserré un écrou (7) qui s'appuie contre la face avant (11), il suffit de déplacer la quenouille (2) vers le haut sur le support (10), ce qui entraîne le retrait automatique des éléments d'arrêt (14, 24) dans la section transversale du support (10), et la quenouille (2) peut ainsi être enlevée du support (10), vers le bas. Ce procédé permet de former le logement d'introduction (17) à l'aide de manchons encastrés (29) à usage multiples et qui sont insérés pendant le pressage isostatique du matériau céramique constituant la quenouille.
EP94920872A 1993-07-23 1994-07-13 Systeme permettant de relier une quenouille de cuve metallurgique a son dispositif de levage, quenouille appropriee au systeme et procede de production dudit systeme Expired - Lifetime EP0710166B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4324768A DE4324768C1 (de) 1993-07-23 1993-07-23 Anordnung zur Verbindung einer Stopfenstange für ein metallurgisches Gefäß mit ihrer Hebevorrichtung und für die Anordnung geeignete Stopfenstange sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung der Anordnung
DE4324768 1993-07-23
PCT/DE1994/000800 WO1995003145A1 (fr) 1993-07-23 1994-07-13 Systeme permettant de relier une quenouille de cuve metallurgique a son dispositif de levage, quenouille appropriee au systeme et procede de production dudit systeme

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0710166A1 true EP0710166A1 (fr) 1996-05-08
EP0710166B1 EP0710166B1 (fr) 1997-10-01

Family

ID=6493547

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94920872A Expired - Lifetime EP0710166B1 (fr) 1993-07-23 1994-07-13 Systeme permettant de relier une quenouille de cuve metallurgique a son dispositif de levage, quenouille appropriee au systeme et procede de production dudit systeme

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5695675A (fr)
EP (1) EP0710166B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3272726B2 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ284128B6 (fr)
DE (2) DE4324768C1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2107844T3 (fr)
HU (1) HU218192B (fr)
PL (1) PL178337B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995003145A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE4444617A1 (de) * 1994-12-15 1996-06-27 Burkhard Labod Anordnung zur Verbindung einer Stopfenstange für ein metallurgisches Gefäß mit ihrer Hebevorrichtung
GB9613810D0 (en) * 1996-07-02 1996-09-04 Foseco Int Stopper rod
DE19823988C2 (de) * 1998-05-29 2000-07-20 Didier Werke Ag Stopfen für den Verschluß von Metallschmelze aufnehmenden Behältnissen
JP2007117553A (ja) * 2005-10-31 2007-05-17 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd 食器洗い機
TWI801368B (zh) * 2017-03-17 2023-05-11 法商維蘇威法國公司 用於機械式地耦接一陶瓷件至一桿的零件的套件以及用於一輸送系統的輸送輥總成

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2210305A (en) * 1987-10-02 1989-06-07 Thor Ceramics Ltd Refractory monoblock stopper
US4946083A (en) * 1988-12-29 1990-08-07 Vesuvius Crucible Company One-piece stopper rod
DE4028793A1 (de) * 1990-09-11 1992-03-12 Didier Werke Ag Einrichtung zum halten eines stopfens bei einem metallurgischen gefaess sowie stopfen fuer eine solche einrichtung
DE4040189C1 (en) * 1990-12-15 1992-01-02 Didier-Werke Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden, De Ceramic plug for outlet from metallurgical vessel - has supporting pipe with annular space to form sealing face, and nut is screwed onto it through which gas is delivered
DE4212450A1 (de) * 1991-11-26 1993-05-27 Didier Werke Ag Einrichtung zum halten eines stopfens und stopfen

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9503145A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CZ284128B6 (cs) 1998-08-12
CZ10896A3 (en) 1996-05-15
WO1995003145A1 (fr) 1995-02-02
PL178337B1 (pl) 2000-04-28
JP3272726B2 (ja) 2002-04-08
DE4324768C1 (de) 1994-08-25
EP0710166B1 (fr) 1997-10-01
JPH09500580A (ja) 1997-01-21
US5695675A (en) 1997-12-09
ES2107844T3 (es) 1997-12-01
PL312620A1 (en) 1996-04-29
HU218192B (hu) 2000-06-28
DE59404228D1 (de) 1997-11-06
HUT73825A (en) 1996-09-30
HU9600120D0 (en) 1996-03-28

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