EP0707891A1 - Procédé de broyage et/ou de conditionnement d'une matière ainsi qu'un dispositif pour celui-ci - Google Patents

Procédé de broyage et/ou de conditionnement d'une matière ainsi qu'un dispositif pour celui-ci Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0707891A1
EP0707891A1 EP95810642A EP95810642A EP0707891A1 EP 0707891 A1 EP0707891 A1 EP 0707891A1 EP 95810642 A EP95810642 A EP 95810642A EP 95810642 A EP95810642 A EP 95810642A EP 0707891 A1 EP0707891 A1 EP 0707891A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
penetration
elements
braking
shredded
rotating shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP95810642A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Ernst Habegger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ANALYSA BODENBERATUNG and UMWELTTECHNIK AG
Original Assignee
ANALYSA BODENBERATUNG and UMWELTTECHNIK AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ANALYSA BODENBERATUNG and UMWELTTECHNIK AG filed Critical ANALYSA BODENBERATUNG and UMWELTTECHNIK AG
Publication of EP0707891A1 publication Critical patent/EP0707891A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/16—Details
    • B02C18/24—Drives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C18/00—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments
    • B02C18/06—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives
    • B02C18/14—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers
    • B02C18/141—Disintegrating by knives or other cutting or tearing members which chop material into fragments with rotating knives within horizontal containers with axial flow

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for comminuting and / or processing a good according to the preamble of claim 1 and 5 respectively.
  • the preparation of a good is understood to mean mixing, dispersing, emulsifying, suspending, ... several components with one another.
  • corundum disc mills grind according to the principle of the mill stone, the material to be ground being introduced centrally and being ground between two rough, generally horizontal surfaces. Supported by centrifugal force, the ground as well as the material to be ground was transported radially outwards. With these disc mills, only relatively dry powder could be obtained (Flour) shredded goods are crushed. Wet material could not be crushed because it blocked the grinding roughness of the disks and formed a "lubricating film" on them.
  • perforated disk mills also known as a meat grinder
  • the material to be shredded was pressed against a perforated disk and additionally partly into the holes thereof, the material partially pressed into the holes being cut off by a rotating knife.
  • Shredding using perforated disk mills was only possible with plastically or elastically deformable material. Material that could not be partially pressed into the holes on the perforated disc could not be crushed.
  • grinding and cutting size reduction devices dry, powdery material to be shredded (in flour) was ground, while damp material could only be processed using one of the cutting shredding methods listed above. With the cutting processes, the grinding elements are inevitably regrinded, while grinding mills do not require any post-treatment or require replacement within very long periods, provided the correct friction material has been used.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a device for comminuting and / or processing, in particular organic, preferably stem-and / or leaf-shaped material, in which regrinding of the comminuting elements is not necessary during the period of use.
  • the material is neither cut nor ground in the invention. It is severed by rapidly moving punch elements by means of a kink break. In other words, the inertia of the particles to be comminuted is so great in relation to the relative speed of the breakdown elements that they are not accelerated or are accelerated only insignificantly and are therefore severed. Compare this to a fast moving rod with which the stems at rest can be severed, such as z. B. Children do not approve of punching through flower head stems with a stick. There is therefore no cutting, but a cutting due to the laws of inertia. A cutting edge is therefore not required.
  • regrinding of the edges of the penetration elements of the device according to the invention is not necessary and is also not provided.
  • the wear of the elements begins at their outer radial ends only through material abrasion.
  • the plant for shredding organic garden waste shown in FIG. 1 has a filling hopper 1 for the material and a belt conveyor 3 , with which the filled material can be conveyed into a water bath 5 .
  • the water bath 5 is used to separate organic plant matter, ie grass, leaves, vegetable waste, ..., from soil and in particular from stones.
  • the organic plant matter floats on the water surface of the water bath 5 while soil and stones sink down and accumulate there. They are removed from time to time.
  • the material floating on the water surface is now conveyed with a screw conveyor 7 shown in FIG. 2 via an inlet funnel 9 through a pipe 11 .
  • a plurality of axially extending, spaced-apart longitudinal bars 12 are arranged on the wall of the tube 11 and also of the inlet funnel 9 , so that the edge of the screw conveyor 10 does not run directly along the tube wall.
  • the tube 11 is flanged to a flange 13b of a likewise cylindrical mill housing 14 by means of a flange 13a .
  • a drive 15 here an electric motor, is flanged; Instead of an electric motor, other direct or indirect drives, such as. B. an internal combustion engine and drives via gears, belts, ... can be used.
  • a shaft journal 17 driven by the motor 15 the bearing 18 of which can be inserted into the mill housing 14 , three piercing elements 21a to 21c, each spaced apart by a spacer 19, and a straight or angled, propeller-shaped pre-shredder 25 spaced apart by a further spacer 23 are arranged .
  • a total of four braking elements 26a to 26d spaced apart by three spacer rings 27a to 27c , are arranged between the breakdown elements 21a to 21c and the pre-shredder 25 .
  • a fluid inlet ring 29 rests on the foremost braking element 26a .
  • the punch element 21a shown in FIG. 3 is designed as an impeller with three vanes 37 spaced apart from one another at the same angle. Starting from a central ring 39 , the width of the frustoconical wings 37 tapers by a total angle of 6 °.
  • the central opening 41 of the ring 39 has a uniform corrugation 42 which acts as a positive fit for the surface of the shaft journal 17 which is formed analogously to this (not shown).
  • the corrugation of the shaft journal 17 consists of axially extending recesses in order to be able to push the penetration elements 21a to 21c from the journal head.
  • the spacers 19 and 23 have a breakthrough (not shown) which is analogous to the breakthrough 41 .
  • the outer diameter of the spacers 19 and 23 corresponds to that of the ring 39 .
  • the braking element 26a shown in FIG. 4 is designed with an outer and an inner ring 43 and 44 with three spokes 45 as a spoke wheel. Each spoke 43 widens outwards by a total angle of 6 °.
  • the diameter of the central inner circle opening 45 is larger than the outer diameter of the spacers 19 and 23 by a play tolerance.
  • the outer diameter of the inner ring 44 is as small as possible, but is dimensioned so large that, due to the material push during the comminution process, the position of the braking elements 26a to 26d is sufficiently high.
  • the inner diameter of the outer ring 43 is larger than the radial length of each wing 37 by a tolerance.
  • the ring width of the outer ring 43 is so large that a sufficient number of openings 47 can be made through which (not shown) Grip holding rods of the mill housing 14 for holding the braking elements 26a to 26d .
  • the puncture and braking elements 21a to 21c and 26a to 26d consist of 2 to 3 mm thick, wear-resistant material, such as. B. steel, stainless steel, ceramic, ... with unsharpened edges. They are preferably made from sheet metal (e.g. punched out, laser cut, ). As a result of the inner ring 44 of the braking elements 26a to 26d and also because of the slight inclination of the wings 37 and the spokes 45 , the two cannot interlock during rotation under the conveying pressure of the material.
  • the punching and braking elements 21a to 21c and 26a to 26d , the pre- shredder 25 and the spacer disks and rings 19, 23 and 27a to 27c are assembled with the mill housing 14 removed from the pipe section 30 .
  • the braking element 26d is pushed onto the bars of the mill housing 14 and then the spacer 27c .
  • the punch element 21a is pushed onto the shaft journal 17 of the motor 15 , then the spacer 26 .
  • the spacers 19 and 23 as well as the penetration elements 21a to 21c are tightened onto the shaft journal 17 .
  • the mill housing 14 is pushed onto the pipe section 30 and the fastening screws (not shown) on the flanges 13a and 13b are tightened. The mill is assembled.
  • the puncture elements 21a and 21b rotate at approximately 10,000 to 15,000 revolutions per minute, which results in peripheral speeds of the puncture elements 21a and 21b at their outer ends of approximately 100 m / s and at the wing base of 35 m / s.
  • the speeds are so high that, as stated in the introduction, the material transported through the breakthrough elements 21a and 21b is broken up by kink breakage.
  • the power consumption of the motor 15 is preferably measured using a power measurement unit 51 . If the power consumption now increases, the delivery capacity of the screw conveyor 7 via its drive motor 54 is reduced via a limiter unit 53 connected to the power measurement unit 51 . The device is no longer overloaded. Continuous operation without interruption is possible. Since the drive is usually the performance "weak point" of the device, the delivery rate is controlled in such a way that the drive runs in its optimal range.
  • the penetration element 55 shown in FIG. 5 has pivoted wings 56 which have a plurality of indentations 57 on the convexly curved wing contour exhibit.
  • the braking element 59 shown in FIG. 6 is formed, which likewise has indentations 61 on its convex contours of the spokes 60 .
  • the indentations 57 and 61 can also be formed on the concave side of the wings 56 or the spokes 60 .
  • the indentations are arranged on the penetration elements on the front edge in the direction of rotation and are formed on the braking elements on the edge, which is intended to brake the material.
  • the device according to the invention can be used not only for shredding "garden waste”, but in general for shredding substances, including solids, such as pharmaceutical and chemical active substances, pigments, minerals, fruit pulps, and for crushing lumpy products (apples, cherries, bananas, cheese) Etc.).
  • shredding substances including solids, such as pharmaceutical and chemical active substances, pigments, minerals, fruit pulps, and for crushing lumpy products (apples, cherries, bananas, cheese) Etc.).
  • the device described above can by no means only be used for the comminution of vegetable-organic matter, but also for the preparation of dispersions, emulsions, suspensions, etc.
  • the consistency of the shredded goods can be adjusted from a "soupy" broth to a dry powder, taking into account the moisture of the incoming goods.
  • the finely shredded product can be applied immediately after the cut as a kind of manure to the cut by a suitable addition of water, without the rotting processes interfering with the lawn growth. The same can be done with fallen leaves.
  • a co-rotating (not shown) "expeller propeller” can also be placed on the shaft journal 17 .
  • a further inlet opening (not shown) for a liquid or a gas can also be arranged between the braking element 26d and the motor flange of the mill housing 14 .
  • the desired fluid is then let in such that the crushing process is not substantially disrupted by the breakdown / braking elements 21a to 21c and 26a to 26d .
  • the crushing elements of the device according to the invention are simple and therefore inexpensive to manufacture elements which do not require any subsequent service work, such as e.g. B. grinding, need.
  • the degree of comminution can also be influenced by slight changes in the number of breakthrough and braking elements.
  • the number of penetration and braking elements that can be attached is only limited by the length of the shaft journal 17 , the housing depth and the length of the pipe section 30 .
  • the distances between the puncture and braking elements can also be easily changed by using spacers and spacers with different thicknesses. All of these changes can be carried out in a standard mill housing.
  • the penetration elements can also be coated with carbide, oxide, oxynitride, .. - Coating and a diamond (sliver) coating can be provided.
  • a conically tapering or widening housing can also be used.
  • the knock-off elements can be made thicker and also thinner.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Crushing And Pulverization Processes (AREA)
EP95810642A 1994-10-17 1995-10-16 Procédé de broyage et/ou de conditionnement d'une matière ainsi qu'un dispositif pour celui-ci Withdrawn EP0707891A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH3117/94 1994-10-17
CH311794 1994-10-17

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0707891A1 true EP0707891A1 (fr) 1996-04-24

Family

ID=4248981

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95810642A Withdrawn EP0707891A1 (fr) 1994-10-17 1995-10-16 Procédé de broyage et/ou de conditionnement d'une matière ainsi qu'un dispositif pour celui-ci

Country Status (1)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0707891A1 (fr)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1336434A1 (fr) * 2002-02-05 2003-08-20 TBE Habermehl Anlagenbau GmbH & Co. KG Outil de coupe, particulièrement pour déchiqueter de copeaux
CN113243520A (zh) * 2021-04-15 2021-08-13 内蒙古晒能生物科技有限公司 一种素食硒餐粉生产系统及方法

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1197438B (de) * 1961-06-12 1965-07-29 Barmag Barmer Maschf Mischvorrichtung an Schneckenpressen
DE2146332A1 (de) * 1971-09-16 1973-03-29 Alois Heger Vorrichtung zum zerkleinern von stoffen wie koerner, pflanzenteile, flaschen und dergl
EP0124138A2 (fr) * 1983-05-03 1984-11-07 Klemens Kalverkamp Méthode et dispositif pour le broyage de produits végétaux
CH650898A5 (en) * 1980-07-18 1985-08-30 Matthias Weithaler Mixing comminutor
DE8618372U1 (de) * 1986-07-09 1992-11-26 Maurer, Ernst, 7905 Dietenheim Universal Laubzerkleinerungsaggregat
US5207390A (en) * 1990-08-30 1993-05-04 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Operation control system for a shredder
EP0573759A1 (fr) * 1992-05-13 1993-12-15 MASCHINENFABRIK DORNHAN GmbH Procédé et dispositif de fonctionnement d'un hachoir de viande

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1197438B (de) * 1961-06-12 1965-07-29 Barmag Barmer Maschf Mischvorrichtung an Schneckenpressen
DE2146332A1 (de) * 1971-09-16 1973-03-29 Alois Heger Vorrichtung zum zerkleinern von stoffen wie koerner, pflanzenteile, flaschen und dergl
CH650898A5 (en) * 1980-07-18 1985-08-30 Matthias Weithaler Mixing comminutor
EP0124138A2 (fr) * 1983-05-03 1984-11-07 Klemens Kalverkamp Méthode et dispositif pour le broyage de produits végétaux
DE8618372U1 (de) * 1986-07-09 1992-11-26 Maurer, Ernst, 7905 Dietenheim Universal Laubzerkleinerungsaggregat
US5207390A (en) * 1990-08-30 1993-05-04 Mitsubishi Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Operation control system for a shredder
EP0573759A1 (fr) * 1992-05-13 1993-12-15 MASCHINENFABRIK DORNHAN GmbH Procédé et dispositif de fonctionnement d'un hachoir de viande

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1336434A1 (fr) * 2002-02-05 2003-08-20 TBE Habermehl Anlagenbau GmbH & Co. KG Outil de coupe, particulièrement pour déchiqueter de copeaux
CN113243520A (zh) * 2021-04-15 2021-08-13 内蒙古晒能生物科技有限公司 一种素食硒餐粉生产系统及方法
CN113243520B (zh) * 2021-04-15 2023-03-21 内蒙古晒能生物科技有限公司 一种素食硒餐粉生产系统及方法

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