EP0707591B1 - Esters d'acide methylphosphonique, leur procede de preparation et leur utilisation - Google Patents

Esters d'acide methylphosphonique, leur procede de preparation et leur utilisation Download PDF

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EP0707591B1
EP0707591B1 EP94919670A EP94919670A EP0707591B1 EP 0707591 B1 EP0707591 B1 EP 0707591B1 EP 94919670 A EP94919670 A EP 94919670A EP 94919670 A EP94919670 A EP 94919670A EP 0707591 B1 EP0707591 B1 EP 0707591B1
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formula
radical
group
alkyl
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EP0707591A1 (fr
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Eugen Uhlmann
Chris Meier
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Sanofi Aventis Deutschland GmbH
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Aventis Pharma Deutschland GmbH
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H23/00—Compounds containing boron, silicon, or a metal, e.g. chelates, vitamin B12
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
    • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
    • A61P31/12—Antivirals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07F—ACYCLIC, CARBOCYCLIC OR HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS CONTAINING ELEMENTS OTHER THAN CARBON, HYDROGEN, HALOGEN, OXYGEN, NITROGEN, SULFUR, SELENIUM OR TELLURIUM
    • C07F9/00—Compounds containing elements of Groups 5 or 15 of the Periodic Table
    • C07F9/02—Phosphorus compounds
    • C07F9/547—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom
    • C07F9/6558—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom containing at least two different or differently substituted hetero rings neither condensed among themselves nor condensed with a common carbocyclic ring or ring system
    • C07F9/65586—Heterocyclic compounds, e.g. containing phosphorus as a ring hetero atom containing at least two different or differently substituted hetero rings neither condensed among themselves nor condensed with a common carbocyclic ring or ring system at least one of the hetero rings does not contain nitrogen as ring hetero atom
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H19/00—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof
    • C07H19/02—Compounds containing a hetero ring sharing one ring hetero atom with a saccharide radical; Nucleosides; Mononucleotides; Anhydro-derivatives thereof sharing nitrogen
    • C07H19/04—Heterocyclic radicals containing only nitrogen atoms as ring hetero atom
    • C07H19/06—Pyrimidine radicals
    • C07H19/10—Pyrimidine radicals with the saccharide radical esterified by phosphoric or polyphosphoric acids
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07H—SUGARS; DERIVATIVES THEREOF; NUCLEOSIDES; NUCLEOTIDES; NUCLEIC ACIDS
    • C07H21/00—Compounds containing two or more mononucleotide units having separate phosphate or polyphosphate groups linked by saccharide radicals of nucleoside groups, e.g. nucleic acids

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to methylphosphonic acid esters, processes for their manufacture and their use.
  • Phosphorylated active ingredient derivatives are already known, some of which also were used for pharmaceutical purposes.
  • J. Med. Chem. 1993, 36, 1048-1052 phosphoamidate esters with AZT.
  • the antiviral the activity of these compounds is 10 times less than that of AZT and the toxicity of said compounds is 5 times higher than that from AZT.
  • J. Med. Chem. 1991, 34, 1830-1837 describes phosphotriester derivatives described with AZT; The activity is also lower with these compounds the toxicity greater than with AZT. Similar results are found with relatives Compounds achieved, which is reported in J. Org. Chem. 1992, 57, 7300-7307.
  • acyl groups mentioned in the previous definitions are Acetyl, butyryl, pivaloyl, crotonoyl, pentanoyl, hexanoyl, octadecanoyl or oleyl.
  • Suitable alkyl groups are e.g. methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, isobutyl, pentyl or Hexyl.
  • Exemplary aryl groups are phenyl or naphthyl.
  • Suitable heteroaryl groups are e.g. B. pyridyl, oxazole, furyl, benzofuryl or Phenothiazinyl.
  • Exemplary alkylamino groups are the methyl and the dimethylamino groups.
  • dialkylamino groups are the dimethylamino and the Diethylamino group.
  • nucleoside analogs which are particularly suitable according to the invention are from the bases Adenine, cytosine, guanine, thymine, purine, 7-deazaadenine, 7-deazaguanine or 5-chlorocytosine derived connections, especially e.g.
  • radicals R 5 can optionally be substituted with halogen, preferably Cl, CF 3 , CN, NH 2 or (C1-C6) - preferably (C1-C3) -alkoxy.
  • the products are made according to known methods cleaned, e.g. by chromatography.
  • Suitable protective groups which may be split off after the reaction according to methods of the prior art, are, for example, alkylsilyl, alkylarylsilyl and acyl, in particular t-butyldimethylsilyl.
  • the latter protective group can advantageously be split off with ammonium fluoride in methanol.
  • the compounds according to the invention can also be prepared stereoselectively by various methods of the prior art.
  • a preferred approach to introducing chirality at the ⁇ -carbon atom is the reaction of the C anion of a t-butyldimethylsilyl-protected alcohol (compound of the formula V) with the oxazaphospholidine derived from (+) - ephedrine as a chiral auxiliary.
  • the oxazaphospholidine is obtained, for example, by reacting phosphoryl chloride with (+) - ephedrine in 60% yield and a diastereomer ratio of 24: 1.
  • Another possibility of introducing chirality is enantioselective oxazaborolidine-catalyzed reduction (Tetrahedron Lett., 31, 611, (1990).
  • the starting materials required to carry out the above-mentioned reactions are commercially available or can be prepared in accordance with generally known regulations. Some preferred manufacturing methods are described in the examples.
  • the nucleoside H-phosphonate diesters of the formula III which serve as starting compounds, can be converted, for example, by the reaction of diisopropylamine dichlorophosphine with the corresponding nucleosides to give the phosphoramidite, which is activated directly with tetrazole with water in a "one-pot reaction" to the compounds of the formula III can be hydrolyzed.
  • the synthesis succeeds e.g. by the esterification of a 5'-nucleosidephosphoric acid monoester with a second equivalent of the nucleoside under Pivaloyl chloride activation.
  • a 5'-nucleoside phosphorous acid monoester is through Reaction of phosphorus trichloride with imidazole to phosphorus triimidazolide, after Reaction with the corresponding nucleoside and subsequent hydrolysis accessible.
  • the compounds of formula III can be esterified by a 5'-nucleoside phosphorous acid monoester with a second equivalent of prepare the corresponding nucleoside with pivaloyl chloride activation.
  • the compounds of the formula I with a radical of the formula II and II ' are preferably prepared in such a way that, in principle, dimeric nucleotides of the formula XI are prepared as described above, which are then incorporated into oligonucleotides by customary methods.
  • Scheme 1 a 5'-protected-nucleoside-3'-H-phosphonate ester of Formula VIII with a 3'-protected 5'-hydroxy component of Formula IX in the presence of a condensing agent such as pivaloyl chloride in pyridine to form the dinucleoside H- Phosphonate esters of formula X are implemented.
  • the pro-drug nucleotides can, however, also be monomeric units by condensation of appropriately protected nucleoside 3 '(or 5') phosphonate esters with the 5 '(or 3' -) hydroxy group of a 3 '(or 5'- ) build protected nucleoside (Scheme 2).
  • oligonucleotide analogs of the formula I with a radical of the formula II or II ' is carried out similarly to the synthesis of biological oligonucleotides in solution or preferably on a solid phase, if appropriate with the aid of an automatic synthesizer.
  • the compounds of formula I according to the invention and their pharmaceutical compatible salts show the pharmaceutical effectiveness of the underlying Active ingredients. Because they are also inexpensive toxicological and pharmacokinetic Show properties, they represent valuable chemotherapy drugs.
  • the invention thus also relates to pharmaceuticals, in particular pharmaceuticals for Fighting viral diseases caused by a or several of the compounds according to the invention are characterized.
  • You can e.g. administered orally, intramuscularly or intravenously.
  • Medicaments containing one or more compounds of the general formula I Containing active ingredient can be prepared by using the compounds of Formula I with one or more pharmacologically acceptable carriers or diluents, such as. B. mixed buffer substances, and in a suitable form of preparation brings.
  • pharmacologically acceptable carriers or diluents such as. B. mixed buffer substances
  • Buffer substances are, for example, organic compounds, such as e.g. N ', N'-dibenzylethylenediamine, diethanolamine, ethylenediamine, N-methylglucamine, N-benzylphenethylamine, diethylamine, tris (hydroxymethyl) aminomethane, or inorganic compounds, such as.
  • Suspensions are preferred for oral administration or solutions in water with or without buffer substances. It is also possible to inject the active substances as such without a carrier or diluent suitable form, for example in capsules.
  • Suitable doses of the compounds of formula I or their pharmaceutically acceptable ones Salts are highly dependent on the respective underlying Active substances; e.g. in the case of AZT, they are about 0.4 g, preferably 0.5 g to maximum 20 g per day for an adult of about 75 kg body weight. It can be administered single or generally multiple doses, the Single dose can contain the active ingredient in an amount of about 50 to 1000 mg.
  • the present invention further relates to the use of the new oligonucleotide analogs (compounds of the formula I with a radical of the formula II or a modified oligonucleotide and compounds of the formula II 'or a modified oligonucleotide for the production of a medicament (antisense oligonucleotides, ribozymes, sense oligonucleotides and triplex forming Oligonucleotides). Oligonucleotides are increasingly used as inhibitors of gene expression (G. Zon, Pharmaceutical Research 5, 539 (1988); JS Cohen, Topics in Molecular and Structural Biology 12 (1989) Macmillan Press; C.
  • Antisense oligonucleotides are nucleic acid fragments whose base sequence is complementary to an mRNA to be inhibited.
  • This target mRNA can be of cellular, viral or other pathogenic origin.
  • Cellular target sequences that can be used are, for example, those of receptors, enzymes, immunomodulators, ion channels or oncogenes.
  • RNA polymerase and transactivator proteins are examples of viral targets.
  • RSV Raster Sarcoma Virus
  • HSV-1 and -2 Herpes Simplex Virus Type I and II
  • HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus
  • influenza viruses This uses oligonucleotides that are complementary to the viral nucleic acid.
  • Sense oligonucleotides are designed in their sequence so that, for example, they bind ("capture") nucleic acid-binding proteins or nucleic acid-processing enzymes and thus inhibit their biological activity (Helene, 1990).
  • Reverse transcriptase, DNA polymerase and transactivator proteins are examples of viral targets.
  • Triplex forming oligonucleotides generally target DNA and form a triple helical structure after binding to them. While antisense oligonucleotides generally inhibit the processing (splicing etc.) of the mRNA or its translation into the protein, triplex forming oligonucleotides inhibit the transcription or replication of the DNA (Helene et al., 1990, Uhlmann and Peyman, 1990) . However, it is also possible to bind single-stranded nucleic acids in a first hybridization with an antisense oligonucleotide to form a double strand, which then forms a triplex structure in a second hybridization with a triplex forming oligonucleotide.
  • the antisense and triplex binding regions can either be housed in two separate oligonucleotides or in one oligonucleotide.
  • Another application of synthetic oligonucleotides are the so-called ribozymes, which destroy the target RNA due to their ribonuclease activity (JJ Rossi and N. Sarver, TIBTECH 8, 179 (1990).
  • internucleotide phosphate residues are changed permanently, change the properties of the oligonucleotides are often drastic. For example, act Phosphorothioate oligonucleotides are often sequence-unspecific.
  • Another object of the invention is therefore, oligonucleotide analogs with specific To provide effectiveness and increased serum stability, which can be found in biological Systems (serum, organ, cell) back into their natural phosphodiester Convert oligonucleotides back.
  • oligonucleotides may be modified as pro-drug. It was found that oligonucleotides with 3 ' and / or 5'-terminal pro-drug modification are already more stable in serum than that naturally occurring phosphodiester oligonucleotides.
  • the invention is not based on ⁇ - and ⁇ -D- or L-ribofuranosides, ⁇ - and ⁇ -D- or L-deoxyribofuranosides and corresponding five-ring carbocyclic analogues limited, but also applies to oligonucleotide analogs made from other sugar building blocks are built up, for example ring-expanded and ring-narrowed sugar, acyclic, ring-bridged or suitable other types of sugar derivatives.
  • the invention is also not based on the derivatives of Limited phosphate residue, but also refers to the known Dephospho derivatives.
  • the structure of the oligonucleotide is carried out according to those known to the person skilled in the art Processes such as the Triester method, the H-phosphonate method or Phosphoramidite method, preferred according to the standard phosphoramidite chemistry according to Caruthers (M.D. Matteucci and M.H. Caruthers, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 103, 3185 (1981)).
  • the present invention extends to the use of Compounds of formula I as therapeutically active components of a Drug.
  • therapeutically effective oligonucleotide derivatives are understood in general antisense oligonucleotides, triple helix-forming oligonucleotides, Aptamers or ribozymes, especially antisense oligonucleotides.
  • compositions of the present invention can be used for treatment of diseases caused by viruses, for example by HIV, HSV-1, HSV-2, influenza, VSV, hepatitis B or papilloma viruses become.
  • viruses for example by HIV, HSV-1, HSV-2, influenza, VSV, hepatitis B or papilloma viruses become.
  • the drugs of the present invention are also useful, for example Treatment of diseases caused by integrins or cell-cell adhesion receptors are influenced, for example by VLA-4, VLA-2, ICAM, VCAM or ELAM.
  • the antisense oligonucleotide derivatives are used for injection in a liquid solution, preferably in one physiologically acceptable buffers, e.g. Hank's solution or Ringer's solution, formulated.
  • the antisense oligonucleotides can also be formulated in solid form and be loosened or suspended before use.
  • the for the systemic administration preferred dosages are about 0.01 mg / kg to approx. 50 mg / kg body weight and day.
  • the drugs can e.g. also in the form of pharmaceutical preparations which one orally, e.g. in the form of tablets, coated tablets, hard or soft gelatin capsules, Solutions, emulsions or suspensions can be used.
  • the inclusion of drugs in liposomes, which may be further Containing components such as proteins is another suitable form of application.
  • You can also rectally e.g. in the form of suppositories or parenterally e.g. in shape of solutions for injection.
  • organic and inorganic carriers can be processed. Examples of such
  • the carriers for tablets, coated tablets and hard gelatin capsules are lactose and corn starch or derivatives thereof, tallow and stearic acid or salts thereof.
  • Suitable carriers for the production of solutions are water, polyols, sucrose, and invert sugar Glucose.
  • Suitable carriers for injection solutions are water, alcohols, polyols, Glycerol and vegetable oils.
  • Suitable carriers for suppositories are vegetable and hardened oils, waxes, fats and semi-liquid polyols.
  • the pharmaceutical Preparations can also contain preservatives, solvents, stabilizers, Wetting agents, emulsifiers, sweeteners, colorants, flavoring agents, salts for Change in osmotic pressure, buffers, coating agents, antioxidants, as well as possibly contain other therapeutic agents.
  • HIV tests were carried out in vitro with the dinucleoside- ⁇ -hydroxymethylarylphosphonates 1-3.
  • Human T lymphocytes CEM / O
  • CEM / TK - thymidine kinase deficient T lymphocyte strain
  • the CEM / O cells were infected with both HIV-1 and HIV-2. Before the tests, it was ensured that the compounds to be tested were free of free nucleoside (max. 0.5% HPLC).
  • the results of the test assays are listed in Table 1.
  • the compounds of the formula I according to the invention had no cytotoxic activity.
  • the compounds according to the invention have higher distribution coefficients in an octanol / water mixture than the nucleoside analogues on which they are based. They are therefore better passively transportable across biomembranes.
  • the reactions with the strongly acceptor-substituted benzaldehydes (4-nitro, 2-nitro, 2.6-Dinitro- and 2.4-Dinitrobenzaldehyde) can also be used with the chiral Perform quinine as the base.
  • the reactions with the donor-substituted ones Benzaldehydes (4-dimethylamino, 4-methoxy, 4-methyl and benzaldehyde) were alternatively to the experiments described above, also in pure triethylamine Heating done.
  • TES-protected hydroxy-3'-phosphoramidite-phosphonate dimer E 230 mg (0.21 mmol; 1 eq.) TES-protected hydroxy-3'-OH-phosphonate dimer D was predried and dissolved in 15 ml of dry methylene chloride, while stirring with 177 ml (1.05 mmol; 135 mg; 5 eq) diisopropylethylamine and then mixed with 70 ml (0.31 mmol; 74.2 mg; 1.5 eq) ⁇ -cyanoethyl-diisopropylchlorophosphine.
  • TES-protected hydroxy-3'-succinylphosphonate dimer F 200 mg (0.18 mmol; 1.4 eq) of TES-protected hydroxy-3'-OH-phosphonate dimer D were predried in 2 ml of dry pyridine. Then 24.4 mg (0.2 mmol) of 4-dimethylaminopyridine and 20.0 mg (0.2 mmol) of succinic anhydride were added in succession and left to react for 4 hours at room temperature with stirring. 45 ml of water were added and, after stirring for 10 minutes, the mixture was evaporated to dryness on a rotary evaporator.
  • the residue was taken up in 15 ml of methylene chloride and extracted once with 8 ml of cold 10% citric acid and twice with 8 ml of cold water. The organic phase was then dried over sodium sulfate. After filtration, the mixture was evaporated to dryness on a rotary evaporator.
  • the crude product was taken up in 3 ml of methylene chloride and added dropwise in 25 ml of ice-cold n-hexane. The product precipitated out as a colorless precipitate. To complete the precipitation, the mother liquor was stored at -20 ° C for a few hours, then filtered off and dried. The product is a colorless solid (167 mg; 0.14 mmol; 78%).
  • Steps 1 to 8 hereinafter referred to as a reaction cycle, are used to set up of the decathymidylate derivative repeated 7 times.
  • the dimethoxytrityl group is split off as in steps 1 to 3 described.
  • Treatment with ammonia removes the oligonucleotide from the support cleaved and at the same time the ⁇ -cyanoethyl groups are eliminated.
  • the silyl protective group is split off by treatment with 80% Acetic acid.
  • the crude product obtained on decathymidylate derivative, which at the 3 'end contains a (-hydroxy-o-nitro-phenyl-methylphosphonate) internucleotide bond, is purified by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis or HPLC.
  • Steps 1 to 8 hereinafter referred to as a reaction cycle, are used to set up of the decathymidylate derivative repeated 7 times.
  • the corresponding dinucleotide as in Example 53 was produced, used.
  • the oligonucleotide is cleaved from the support by treatment with ammonia and at the same time the ⁇ -cyanoethyl groups are eliminated.
  • the spin-off of the Silyl protecting group is done by treatment with 80% esisic acid.
  • the silyl protective group is split off by treatment with 80% esisacetic acid.
  • the crude product of decathymidylate derivative obtained, which contains a (-hydroxy-o-nitrophenyl-methylphosphonate) internucleotide bond at the 3 'and 5' ends, is purified by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis or HPLC.
  • the preparation is carried out analogously to that described in Example 56, starting from a corresponding G (pp) C-CPG carrier instead of T (pp) T-CPG.
  • the monomer units of deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine or deoxycytidine corresponding to the sequence are used.
  • Preference is given to those commercially available building blocks which have rapidly removable protective groups ( R Expedite Fast Deprotecting Amidites; Millipore, Eschborn).
  • the preparation is carried out analogously to that described in Example 60, but instead of starting from G (pp) C-CPG from corresponding C (pp) G-CPG carrier.
  • the characterization takes place with the help of HPLC, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and negative ion electrospray mass spectrometry (ES-MS - ).
  • HPLC polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis
  • ES-MS - negative ion electrospray mass spectrometry
  • the products are cleaned as described above and then show a uniform band on PAGE (20% acrylamide, 2% bisacrylamide and 7 M urea).
  • HPLC is carried out on reversed phase columns RP-18 from Merck or on a PA-100 column from Dionex.
  • ES-MS - the oligonucleotides are converted into the ammonium salts by ammonium acetate precipitation or other salting.
  • the sample application follows from a solution in acetonitrile / water (1: 1) with 5 OD 260 / ml oligomer. The accuracy of the method is approx. ⁇ 1.5 daltons.
  • a generally applicable labeling with 35 S consists in that at least one oxidation in the DNA synthesis cycle in the synthesis of the oligonucleotide (Step 20 in Example 11) is carried out with 35 elemntarem sulfur.
  • Oligonucleotides that have a free 5'-hydroxy group can be labeled with 32 P or 35 S using the polynucleotide knase according to methods known per se.
  • Oligonucleotides which carry a free 3'-hydroxy group can be labeled with 3'-terminal transferase in a known manner.
  • the 5 'marking of the DNA part is shown here as an example:
  • the oligonucleotide with a free 5'-hydroxy group (500 pmol) is dissolved in 425 ⁇ l of water, this solution is heated to 90 ° C. and quenched. Are then added 50 ⁇ l 10 x kinase buffer and 50 ⁇ l 32 P gamma-ATP (6000 Ci / mmol) or 35S-gamma-ATP and incubated for 1 hour at 37 ° C. The reaction is stopped by adding 0.5 M EDTA solution. Desalination is carried out using a NAP R column from Pharmacia.
  • the supernatant 1 (10 ⁇ l ) is mixed with 5 ⁇ l 80% formamide (with XC and BB), heated to 95 ° C. (5 minutes) and loaded onto a polyacrylamide gel (20% acrylamide, 7 M urea). After development of the gel in an electric field, the bands on the gel are assigned to the "stable oligomer" by autoradiography, and the missing bands to the "degraded oligomer". Result after 24 hours of incubation: Compared to the unmodified oligonucleotides, the compounds of the formula I (W equal to formula II, R equal to formula II ') all have a greatly extended lifespan.
  • Vero cells are incubated in 96-well microtiter plates in DMEM, 5% FCS for 24 hours at 37 ° C. After the medium has been removed, the cells are washed twice more with serum-free DMEM. The radiolabeled oligomer (10 6 cpm) was diluted with unlabeled oligomer to a concentration of 10 ⁇ M in serum and the cells incubated at 37 ° C with it. After 1, 7 and 24 hours, 150 ⁇ l are removed in each case (designation: "supernatant 1"). The cells in the wells of the microtiter plates are washed 7 times with 300 ⁇ l of fresh medium and the combined washing media (designation: “supernatant 2”) are measured in the scintillation counter.
  • the COS cells are allowed to grow to confluence in Dulbecco's MEM supplemented with 10% FCS in 5 cm petri dishes.
  • the cells are washed twice with serum-free DMEM. With the help of a sterile needle, an area of approx. 1 cm 2 is scratched in the middle of the Petri dish.
  • the DNA oligomer solution (0.1 mM) to be examined is applied to this area. It is incubated at 37 ° C under a CO 2 atmosphere. After 2, 4 and 16 hours, the cells are examined by fluorescence microscopy. For this purpose, the cells are washed four times with serum-free DMEM, covered with a glass slide and evaluated under the fluorescence microscope or by phase contrast.
  • the melting temperatures are determined using an HP 8452A diode array spectrophotometer, an HP 89090A Peltier element and HP Temperature Control Software Rev. B5.1 (Hewlett Packard). It is in 0.5 ° C / min. Steps measured in 10mM HEPES and 140mM NaCI (pH 6.5) as a buffer. The oligomer concentration is 0.5 to 1.5 OD 260 per ml.
  • test substances against various human pathogenic herpes viruses is examined in the cell culture test system.
  • monkey kidney cells Vero, 2 ⁇ 10 5 / ml
  • serum-containing Dulbecco's MEM 5% fetal calf serum FCS
  • FCS serum-free Dulbecco's MEM
  • Dulbecco's Minimal Essential Medium Per 100 ⁇ l of the individual test substance are added together with 100 ⁇ l of serum-free Dulbecco's MEM (-FCS) to the rinsed cells.
  • -FCS serum-free Dulbecco's MEM
  • the cells After 3 h incubation at 37 ° C and 5% CO 2 , the cells with herpes simplex virus type 1 (ATCC VR733, HSV-1 F-strain) or with herpes simplex virus type 2 (ATCC VR734, HSV-2 G-strain) ) infected in concentrations at which the cell lawn is completely destroyed within 3 days.
  • HSV-1 the infection rate is 500 plaque-forming units (PFU) per well, with HSV-2 350 PFU / well.
  • test batches then contain test substance in concentrations of 80 ⁇ M to 0.04 ⁇ M in MEM, supplemented by 100 U / ml penicillin G and 100 mg / l streptomycin. All tests are carried out in duplicate, with the exception of the controls, which are carried out eight times per plate.
  • the test batches are incubated for 17 hours at 37 ° C. and 5% CO 2 .
  • the cytotoxicity of the test substances is determined after a total incubation time of 20 h by microscopic examination of the cell cultures. Dose tolerata maxima (DTM) is the highest preparation concentration that does not cause microscopic cell damage under the test conditions mentioned.
  • FCS is then added to a final concentration of 4% with further incubation for 55 h at 37 ° C.
  • the untreated infection controls then show a complete cytopathic effect (CPE). After microscopic examination of the cell cultures, these are then stained with neutral red according to the vital staining method according to Finter (1966).
  • the antiviral activity of a test substance is defined as the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) that is required to protect 30-60% of the cells against the virus-related cytopathogenic effect.
  • MIC minimum inhibitory concentration
  • the MIC values of various oligonucleotides are in the range from 0.1 to 80 ⁇ mol / l.
  • mice 5 week old NMRI mice are used to test the compounds in vivo a weight of about 16 to 18 grams.
  • the mice are under conventional conditions in groups of five animals and with food and water kept ad libitum.
  • the mice are infected intraperitoneally at about 10 to 50 LD50 units of an HSV strain (HSV "corneae").
  • the dosage of the Connection takes place twice a day i. p. with 1, 10 or 50 mg / kg.
  • the control animals receive a 1% sodium chloride solution.
  • the survival rate of the animals is about followed a period of two weeks.
  • TBS-protected hydroxy-3'-OH-phosphonate dimer I 1.2 g (0.94 mmol) of TBS-protected hydroxyphosphonate dimer H were dissolved in 10 ml of pyridine and with 10 ml of a solution of 3 ml of hydrazine hydrate (24% in water), 6.92 ml of pyridine and 4.61 ml Acetic acid added. After stirring for three minutes at room temperature, the solution was cooled to 0 ° C. and diluted with 100 ml of water and 100 ml of ethyl acetate.
  • TBS-protected hydroxy-3'-succinylphosphonate dimer J 120 mg (0.10 mmol; 1 eq) of TBS-protected hydroxy-3'-OH-phosphonate dimer I were predried and dissolved in 1 ml of dry pyridine. Then 14.8 mg (0.12 mmol; 1.2 eq.) Of 4-dimethylaminopyridine and 12.1 mg (0.12 mmol; 1.2 eq.) Of succinic anhydride were added in succession and the mixture was stirred at room temperature for 4 hours. 40 ml of water were added and, after stirring for 10 minutes, was concentrated to dryness on a rotary evaporator.
  • the residue was taken up in 10 ml of methylene chloride and extracted once with 5 ml of cold 10% citric acid and twice with 5 ml of cold water. The organic phase was then dried over sodium sulfate. After filtration, the mixture was evaporated to dryness on a rotary evaporator.
  • the crude product was taken up in 3 ml of methylene chloride and added dropwise in 25 ml of ice-cold n-hexane. The product precipitated out as a colorless precipitate. To complete the precipitation, the mother liquor was stored at -20 ° C for a few hours, then filtered off and dried. The product is a colorless solid (115 mg; 0.09 mmol; 90%).
  • the preparation is carried out analogously to that described in Example 56, with a corresponding T (pp) T-CPG carrier from Example 74 being used instead of T (pp) T-CPG.
  • T (pp) T-CPG carrier from Example 74
  • the monomer units of deoxyadenosine, deoxyguanosine or deoxycytidine corresponding to the sequence are used.
  • Preference is given to those commercially available building blocks which have rapidly removable protective groups ( R Expedite Fast Deprotecting Amidites; Millipore, Eschbom).

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Claims (9)

  1. Composés de formule I
    Figure 00800001
    caractérisés en ce que
    Y
    représente un reste OH, SH, OAc ou SAc, où Ac est un reste acyle en C1-C8 contenant éventuellement 1 à 3 insaturations,
    R'
    représente un reste aryle de 6 à 14 atomes de carbone, éventuellement substitué par 1 à 3 restes indépendants les uns des autres et choisis dans le groupe constitué par les restes alkyle en C1-C5, halogéno, NO2, CN, alcoxy en C1-C6, amino, alkylamino en C1-C4, dialkylamino en C1-C8, le reste aryle pouvant aussi être condensé avec un reste alkylène en C3-C8 dans lequel un groupe CH2 peut être remplacé par un oxygène;
    un reste hétéroaryle de 3 à 13 atomes de carbone et ayant jusqu'à 3 hétéroatomes choisis dans le groupe constitué par N, O et S;
    un reste alkyle en C1-C16, linéaire ou ramifié, saturé ou contenant 1 à 3 insaturations, éventuellement substitué par 1 à 3 substituants choisis indépendamment les uns des autres dans le groupe constitué par les restes halogéno, CN, NO2 et alcoxy en C1-C3,
    W
    représente un analogue de 5', 3' ou 2'-nucléoside à activité pharmaceutique,
    R
    a la signification de W, R et W pouvant être identiques ou différents, ou R représente un reste alkyle en C1-C16 linéaire ou ramifié et éventuellement substitué par 1 à 3 restes choisis indépendamment les uns des autres dans le groupe constitué par les restes halogéno, CN, acyloxy en C1-C8 et alcoxy en C1-C18, ou
    W et R
    forment ensemble, avec le reste de phosphonate qui les porte, un oligonucléotide dans lequel W est un reste de formule II ou un oligonucléotide modifié et R est un reste de formule II' ou un oligonucléotide modifié
    Figure 00810001
    où X représente un reste oxy ou sulfanediyle,
    • les B représentent indépendamment les uns des autres une base nucléotidique,
    • les n représentent indépendamment les uns des autres un nombre entier de 0 à 30,
    • R1 et R2 représentent indépendamment l'un de l'autre H, un reste acyle en C1-C12 ou un reste de formule
      Figure 00810002
      dans laquelle
      R4 représente O, S, CH3 ou CHYR', R' et Y ayant la signification donnée ci-dessus, et
      R5 est un reste alkyle de 1 à 12 atomes de carbone éventuellement substitué,
    • les R3 représentent indépendamment les uns des autres H ou un reste O(alkyle en C1-C12), O(acyle en C1-C12), Cl, N3, NH2 ou NHR6, R6 étant un reste alkyle en C1-C3 ou acyle en C1-C3,
    • et l'accolade indique que R3 et le reste phosphonyle adjacent peuvent se trouver en position 2' ou 3'.
  2. Composés de formule I selon la revendication 1, caractérisés en ce que
    Y
    représente un reste OH, SH, OAc ou SAc, où Ac est un reste acyle en C1-C8 contenant éventuellement 1 à 3 insaturations,
    R'
    représente un reste aryle de 6 à 14 atomes de carbone, éventuellement substitué par 1 à 3 restes indépendants les uns des autres et choisis dans le groupe constitué par les restes alkyle en C1-C5, halogéno, NO2, CN, alcoxy en C1-C6, amino, alkylamino en C1-C4, dialkylamino en C1-C8, le reste aryle pouvant aussi être condensé avec un reste alkylène en C3-C8 dans lequel un groupe CH2 peut être remplacé par un oxygène;
    un reste hétéroaryle de 3 à 13 atomes de carbone et ayant jusqu'à 3 hétéroatomes choisis dans le groupe constitué par N, O et S;
    un reste alkyle en C1-C16, linéaire ou ramifié, saturé ou contenant 1 à 3 insaturations, éventuellement substitué par 1 à 3 substituants choisis indépendamment les uns des autres dans le groupe constitué par les restes halogéno, CN, NO2 et alcoxy en C1-C3,
    W
    représente un analogue de 5', 3' ou 2'-nucléoside à activité pharmaceutique,
    R
    a la signification de W, R et W pouvant être identiques ou différents, ou R représente un reste alkyle en C1-C16 linéaire ou ramifié et éventuellement substitué par 1 à 3 restes choisis indépendamment les uns des autres dans le groupe constitué par les restes halogéno, CN, acyloxy en C1-C8 et alcoxy en C1-C18, ou
    W et R
    forment ensemble, avec le reste de phosphonate qui les porte, un oligonucléotide dans lequel W est un reste de formule II ou un oligonucléotide modifié et R est un reste de formule II' ou un oligonucléotide modifié, où X représente un reste oxy ou sulfanediyle,
    les B représentent indépendamment les uns des autres une base nucléotidique,
    les n représentent indépendamment les uns des autres un nombre entier de 0 à 30,
    • R1 et R2 représentent indépendamment l'un de l'autre H, un reste acyle en C1-C12 ou un reste de formule
      Figure 00820001
      dans laquelle
    • R4 représente O, S, CH3 ou CHYR', R' et Y ayant la signification donnée ci-dessus, et
    • R5 est un reste alkyle de 1 à 12 atomes de carbone éventuellement substitué, les R3 représentent indépendamment les uns des autres H ou un reste O(alkyle en C1-C12), O(acyle en C1-C12), Cl, N3, NH2 ou NHR6, R6 étant un reste alkyle en C1-C3 ou acyle en C1-C3,
    • et l'accolade indique que R3 et le reste phosphonyle adjacent peuvent se trouver en position 2' ou
  3. Composés de formule I selon les revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisés en ce que
    Y
    représente un reste OH, SH, OAc ou SAc, où Ac est un reste acyle en C1-C3 contenant éventuellement 1 à 3 insaturations,
    R'
    représente un reste aryle de 6 à 14 atomes de carbone, éventuellement substitué par 1 à 3 restes indépendants les uns des autres et choisis dans le groupe constitué par les restes alkyle en C1-C3, F, Cl, NO2, CN, alcoxy en C1-C4, amino, alkylamino en C1-C3, dialkylamino en C1-C6, le reste aryle pouvant aussi être condensé avec un reste alkylène en C3-C8 dans lequel un groupe CH2 peut être remplacé par un oxygène;
    un reste hétéroaryle de 3 à 6 atomes de carbone et ayant jusqu'à 3 hétéroatomes choisis dans le groupe constitué par N, O et S;
    un reste alkyle en C1-C8, linéaire ou ramifié, saturé ou contenant 1 à 3 insaturations, éventuellement substitué par 1 à 3 substituants choisis indépendamment les uns des autres dans le groupe constitué par les restes Cl, CN, NO2 et alcoxy en C1-C3,
    W
    représente un analogue de 5', 3' ou 2'-nucléoside à activité pharmaceutique,
    R
    a la signification de W ou représente un reste alkyle en C1-C8 linéaire ou ramifié et éventuellement substitué par 1 à 2 restes choisis dans le groupe constitué par les restes halogéno, CN, acyloxy en C3-C6 et alcoxy en C8-C18, ou
    W et R
    forment ensemble, avec le reste de phosphonate qui les porte, un oligonucléotide dans lequel W est un reste de formule II ou un oligonucléotide modifié et R est un reste de formule II' ou un oligonucléotide modifié,
    où X représente un reste oxy,
    les B représentent indépendamment les uns des autres une base nucléotidique,
    les n représentent indépendamment les uns des autres un nombre entier de 0 à 20,
    R1 et R2 représentent indépendamment l'un de l'autre H, un reste acyle en C1-C8 ou un reste de formule
    Figure 00830001
    dans laquelle
    • R4 représente O, S, CH3 ou CHYR', R' et Y ayant la signification donnée ci-dessus, et
    • R5 est un reste alkyle de 1 à 8 atomes de carbone éventuellement substitué,
    les R3 représentent indépendamment les uns des autres H ou un reste O(alkyle en C1-C8), O(acyle en C1-C8), Cl ou N3,
    et l'accolade indique que R3 et le reste phosphonyle adjacent peuvent se trouver en position 2' ou 3'.
  4. Composés de formule I selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisés en ce que
    Y
    représente un reste OH,
    R'
    représente un reste aryle de 6 atomes de carbone, éventuellement substitué par 1 à 3 restes indépendants les uns des autres et choisis dans le groupe constitué par les restes alkyle en C1-C3, F, Cl, NO2, CN, alcoxy en C1-C4, amino, alkylamino en C1-C3, dialkylamino en C1-C6, le reste aryle pouvant aussi être condensé avec un reste alkylène en C3-C6 dans lequel un groupe CH2 peut être remplacé par un oxygène;
    un reste hétéroaryle de 3 à 6 atomes de carbone et ayant jusqu'à 3 hétéroatomes choisis dans le groupe constitué par N, O et S;
    un reste alkyle en C1-C8, linéaire ou ramifié, saturé ou contenant 1 à 3 insaturations, de préférence insaturé sous forme conjuguée avec une liaison insaturée en position α, éventuellement substitué par 1 à 3 substituants choisis indépendamment les uns des autres dans le groupe constitué par les restes Cl, CN, NO2 et alcoxy en C1-C3,
    W
    représente un analogue de 5' ou 3'-nucléoside à activité pharmaceutique,
    R
    a la signification de W ou représente un reste alkyle en C1-C4 linéaire ou ramifié ou
    W et R
    forment ensemble, avec le reste de phosphonate qui les porte, un oligonucléotide dans lequel W est un reste de formule II ou un oligonucléotide modifié et R est un reste de formule II' ou un oligonucléotide modifié,
    où X représente un reste oxy,
    les B représentent indépendamment les uns des autres une base nucléotidique,
    les n représentent indépendamment les uns des autres un nombre entier de 0 à 15,
    R1 et R2 représentent indépendamment l'un de l'autre H, un reste acyle en C1-C4 ou un reste de formule
    Figure 00840001
    dans lequel
    • R4 représente O, S, CH3 ou CHYR', R' et Y ayant la signification donnée ci-dessus, et
    • R5 est un reste alkyle de 1 à 3 atomes de carbone éventuellement substitué,
    les R3 représentent indépendamment les uns des autres H ou un reste O(alkyle en C1-C3), O(acyle en C1-C3), Cl ou N3,
    et l'accolade indique que R3 et le reste phosphonyle adjacent peuvent se trouver en position 2' ou 3'.
  5. Composés de formule I selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisés en ce que
    Y
    représente un reste OH,
    W
    représente un analogue de 5' ou 3'-nucléoside à activité pharmaceutique,
    R
    a la signification de W ou représente un reste alkyle en C1-C4 linéaire ou ramifié,
    R'
    représente un reste aryle de 6 atomes de carbone, éventuellement substitué par 1 à 3 restes indépendants les uns des autres et choisis dans le groupe constitué par les restes Cl, NO2, CN, alcoxy en C1-C3, amino et alkylamino en C1-C3.
  6. Procédé de préparation de composés selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que
    a) on fait réagir un composé de formule III avec un composé de formule IV
    Figure 00850001
    ou en ce que
    b) on fait réagir un composé de formule V, dans un ordre quelconque et en présence d'un agent de condensation, avec des composés de formule VI, ou en ce que
    c) on fait réagir un composé de formule V, dans un ordre quelconque et en présence d'un agent de condensation, avec des composés de formule VI et de formule VII
    Figure 00850002
    où SG représente un groupe protecteur que l'on sépare éventuellement pour obtenir le composé de formule I,
       ou on fait réagir une unité de nucléotide ayant un groupement H-phosphonate terminal en 3'(2') et un groupe 5'-hydroxy protégé avec une autre unité de nucléotide ayant un groupe 5'-hydroxy libre et un groupe 3'(2')-hydroxy protégé en présence d'un agent d'activation pour obtenir le H-phosphonate-dinucléoside, et on condense ce dernier avec un aldéhyde pour former le dinucléoside-α-hydroxyalkyl(aryl)-phosphonate, que l'on fait réagir, après l'avoir transformé en son dérivé activé, avec d'autres fragments d'(oligo)nucléotides pour former des oligonucléotides, et on sépare les groupes protecteurs temporairement introduits; ou en ce que
    a) on fait réagir une unité de nucléotide ayant un groupement à base de phosphore(III) ou de phosphore(V) terminal en 3'(2') avec un groupe 5-hydroxy libre d'une autre unité de nucléotide ou d'une chaíne oligonucléotidique croissante en présence d'un agent de condensation, ou avec
    b) leurs dérivés activés, on synthétise l'analogue d'oligonucléotides en fragments de la même manière, on sépare les groupes protecteurs introduits temporairement pour la protection d'autres fonctions dans les oligonucléotides obtenus selon a) ou b) et on transforme éventuellement les analogues d'oligonucléotides de formule I ainsi obtenus, dans lesquels W est un reste de formule II et R un reste de formule II', en un sel physiologique acceptable.
  7. Utilisation d'un composé de formule I selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 5 pour la préparation d'un médicament.
  8. Médicament contenant un ou plusieurs composés de formule I selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 5.
  9. Composés de formule I selon l'une ou plusieurs des revendications 1 à 5 à utiliser comme médicaments.
EP94919670A 1993-07-01 1994-06-29 Esters d'acide methylphosphonique, leur procede de preparation et leur utilisation Expired - Lifetime EP0707591B1 (fr)

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DE4321946A DE4321946A1 (de) 1993-07-01 1993-07-01 Methylphosphonsäureester, Verfahren zu deren Herstellung und deren Verwendung
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