EP0707515A1 - Dispositif pour la fabrication de pastilles - Google Patents

Dispositif pour la fabrication de pastilles

Info

Publication number
EP0707515A1
EP0707515A1 EP95915839A EP95915839A EP0707515A1 EP 0707515 A1 EP0707515 A1 EP 0707515A1 EP 95915839 A EP95915839 A EP 95915839A EP 95915839 A EP95915839 A EP 95915839A EP 0707515 A1 EP0707515 A1 EP 0707515A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tube
stops
stop
movement
axis
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP95915839A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Michel Roche
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Santrade Ltd
Original Assignee
Santrade Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Santrade Ltd filed Critical Santrade Ltd
Publication of EP0707515A1 publication Critical patent/EP0707515A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2/00—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic
    • B01J2/20—Processes or devices for granulating materials, e.g. fertilisers in general; Rendering particulate materials free flowing in general, e.g. making them hydrophobic by expressing the material, e.g. through sieves and fragmenting the extruded length
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61J—CONTAINERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR MEDICAL OR PHARMACEUTICAL PURPOSES; DEVICES OR METHODS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR BRINGING PHARMACEUTICAL PRODUCTS INTO PARTICULAR PHYSICAL OR ADMINISTERING FORMS; DEVICES FOR ADMINISTERING FOOD OR MEDICINES ORALLY; BABY COMFORTERS; DEVICES FOR RECEIVING SPITTLE
    • A61J3/00—Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms
    • A61J3/06—Devices or methods specially adapted for bringing pharmaceutical products into particular physical or administering forms into the form of pills, lozenges or dragees

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the production of monodisperse lozenges or balls with a rigid frame, a tubular extrusion device arranged therein with outflow openings for the mass to be distilled and with a device for generating periodically acting inertial forces, under the action of which the extruded mass jets are sheared off.
  • a method and a device for the mass production of small, essentially spherical single or multilayer particles is known.
  • a nozzle head is provided with a plurality of nozzles arranged concentrically to one another, through which a core mass, a mass forming the later jacket, and an envelope mass are supplied.
  • the concentrate The jets emerging from the jets are subjected to vibrations via a vibrator, which lead to a periodic acceleration and deceleration of the emerging jets, which, if the outer jets also have a higher speed, lead to the tearing off of individual particles.
  • These particles are guided by the enveloping stream into a buffer medium, which leads to a solidification of the particles and at the same time serves to discharge the solidified parts to the outside.
  • Devices of this type require precise control and coordination of the various mass jets. Slight deviations in the flow conditions mean that the particles are no longer monodisperse. The separation of the particles also depends on the flow conditions set.
  • the invention is based on the object of designing a device of the type mentioned in such a way that the separation of a jet takes place without taking into account difficult flow conditions, and in such a way that the moment of separation can be determined in a relatively simple manner.
  • the tubular extrusion device consists of a tube which is movably held in the frame and has bores arranged parallel to its axis, and that at least one agitator is provided as the device for generating the periodically acting inertial forces, with which the tube is periodically shifted parallel to its axis, ie perpendicular to the flow movement of the mass, or excited to a periodic rotational movement at a small angle around an axis lying outside the tube and running parallel to a generatrix of the tube.
  • This embodiment is based on the knowledge that preference is given to hydrodynamic flow with the least possible turbulence over a flow which can be the seat of eddies and segregation factors.
  • the chosen shape of the extrusion head is therefore not indifferent, and it has been shown that the invention can ensure laminar flow and rapid circulation of the mass in the extrusion head.
  • the device according to the invention allows the mass to circulate within a tube, in a straight line at least at the level of the extrusion nozzles. It also offers the advantages of simple design, manufacture, assembly and maintenance.
  • the nozzles are advantageously arranged lengthwise, ie along a generatrix of the tube.
  • the first is unfavorable from a productivity point of view, since the parabolic axis of the dispersion overlaps with that of the orifices, and there would be a risk that the jets would interfere with each other if the nozzles were not spaced sufficiently.
  • the second is interesting because the parabolic axis is vertical to the axis of the openings, which means that the rays can never influence each other and therefore you can provide many more openings per unit length.
  • the movement of the tube is a periodic parallel displacement perpendicular to the axis of the tube, i.e. to the axis of circulation of the mass, or else a periodic rotary movement at a weak angle around an axis parallel to a generatrix of the tube, but outside of the tube, this movement is also formed by an alternation of phases with quasi-constant speed and phases with rapidly changing direction of displacement.
  • the agitators alone enable the tube to be moved at a quasi-constant speed and the direction of its displacement to be changed at the same time.
  • the device is also provided on each side of the tube with one or more stops, advantageously made of metal, which are rigidly connected to the frame and against which the tube impacts once per period, so that it very quickly changes its direction Can reverse shift; furthermore, the agitators of the tube serve to compensate for the various energy losses which the tube is affected by during its ballistic displacement between the two attacks or series of attacks, e.g. the losses due to air and bearing friction or the losses when hitting the stops.
  • the devices with which the pipe is kept in motion are only in action during the ballistic displacement phase of the pipe between the two stops or series of stops, these devices thus acting directly on the pipe.
  • the devices with which the pipe is kept in motion are only in operation when the pipe comes into contact with a stop; So they do not act directly on the pipe, but on the stops, whereby they change their position, their speed or their elasticity.
  • the devices for maintaining the movement consist of a movable coil in a magnetic circuit polarized by a permanent magnet, which is rigidly connected to the tube by a spherical connection and to the frame, and are also a suitable electronic circuit for supplying this movable coil and possibly a position sensor is provided for determining the position of the tube.
  • the tube is in solidarity for the movable occupancy of an air rotary condenser, the fixed occupancy of which is rigidly connected to the frame, the whole forming the devices for maintaining the movement;
  • a suitable electronic circuit with which the capacitance of the capacitor and thus the intensity of the force exerted by the fixed assignment on the movable assignment can be varied, and possibly a position sensor for determining the position of the tube.
  • the devices with which the tube is kept in motion advantageously consist of one or more piezoelectric ceramics in two-element crystal design, one end of which is embedded in the frame and the other in the tube and which force the tube a tangent to the rotational movement of the tube impart about its axis of rotation;
  • electronic controls for the piezoelectric ceramics and possibly one or more position sensors for determining the position of the tube are provided.
  • the tube only oscillates between two stops, one on one side of the tube and the other on the other side, and the piezoelectric ceramics are all controlled simultaneously.
  • the tube only oscillates between two stops, one on one side of the tube and the other on the other side, and the piezoelectric ceramics are all individually controlled, so that by acting on the phase and intensity of the force by applying any piezoelectric ceramic to the part of the pipe in which it is embedded, the bending deformations of the pipe can be corrected;
  • one position sensor per piezoelectric ceramic may be provided.
  • the tube can also oscillate between two series of stops, one on one side of the tube and the other on the other side, both with the same number of stops and advantageously arranged so that any stop on one side of the tube is symmetrical a stop on the other side of the tube is associated with the axis of the tube;
  • the tube advantageously only oscillates between two stops, one on one side of the tube and the other on the other side, each rigidly connected to a piezoelectric ceramic, which works in the bend in the same way as the metal stops, advantageously glued to the surface the stop against the surface the pipe meets; electronic controls are also provided for the two piezoelectric ceramics.
  • the tube oscillates between two series of stops, one on one side of the tube and the other others on the other hand, both in the same number of stops and advantageously arranged so that any stop on one side of the tube corresponds symmetrically with respect to the axis of the tube to a stop on the other side of the tube, each rigid with a piezoelectric Connected ceramic, which works in the bend in the same way as the metal stops, advantageously glued to the surface of the stop opposite the surface where the pipe meets, all these piezoelectric ceramics being individually controlled so that by acting on the phase and intensity the force exerted by each ceramic on its stop, controls the stiffness of the stop and thus the bending deformations of the pipe can be corrected.
  • FIG. 1 shows a basic section of a device according to the invention, which is provided with a tube
  • FIG. 2 shows the section of the tube of FIG. 1 while it is oscillating between two series of stops
  • FIG. 3 shows the section through the agitator of the tube of FIG. 1 in the "loudspeaker" type, a movable coil, a magnetic circuit, a permanent magnet and a ball connection being provided between the coil and the tube,
  • Fig. 4 shows the section through a variant in which the tube "in
  • 5 shows the section through the device of FIG. 4, with which the tube is kept in motion by piezoelectric ceramics at the moment of impact
  • Fig. 6 shows the course of the position of the nozzles as a function of time
  • Fig. 7 the separation of a "drop” and the path and the spherical shape of the already extruded "drops".
  • a device which consists of a rigid frame in the form of a rectangular hood open at the bottom and an approximately in the form of a U-bent tube (2) which with both legs through the closed side of the Frame (1) is guided through it so that it can be moved perpendicular to its longitudinal axis (20) and the imaginary pendulum axes (21) run parallel to the axis (20). It is not absolutely necessary to provide a pendulum mounting, for example by elastic suspension at the height of the axis (21). The inherent elasticity of the tube (2) itself is also sufficient, which can ensure the movement perpendicular to the axis (20) necessary for droplet formation. The prerequisite is that the imaginary axis (21) is sufficiently far from the longitudinal axis (20) of the tube (2).
  • the tube (2) is provided on the side facing the open part of the frame (1) with a plurality of bores (3) which are arranged in a row one behind the other parallel to the axis (20) .
  • an agitator (4) in the present case a vibration system, transverse accelerations can be transmitted to the tube, which, as will be explained later, are used to form drops.
  • the tube (2) not as a U-shape, but as a straight tube and then to guide it in one or more slideways that are perpendicular to its axis (20). Even then, a vibration system similar to the agitator (4) could be used.
  • a rotation about the axes (21) is provided for transverse displacement of the tube perpendicular to the axis (20). Since the distance between the axes (21) and (20) is chosen large enough, the solution shown in FIG. 1 is equivalent to a pure parallel displacement of the tube (2) in practice at the small angles of rotation.
  • the mass to be dripped is passed through the pipe (2) in the direction of the arrows (22) in such a way that the flow in the region of the bores (3) is as uniform as possible.
  • the extruded mass is sheared off by violent agitation of the tube (2) serving as the extrusion head by means of the vibration system (4) with which transverse accelerations are transmitted to the bores (3) serving as extrusion nozzles.
  • the separated "drops" are sent alternately in two opposite directions, thereby preventing them from growing together again.
  • the "drops" (20) initially still have the shape of the strand which has just been sheared off, which then in free flight (see 20 ', 20' 'and 20' '') changes into the shape of a drop in the true sense.
  • These drops (20 '' ') can be solidified in any way. This can e.g. by free fall in a cooling tower, by collecting in a liquid-filled cooling trough or by placing it on a cooling belt.
  • the ideal displacement of the pipe (depending on the time) is therefore sawtooth-like and in practice by an alternation of displacements with a quasi-constant speed speed (the position is linearly dependent on time) and extremely brutal changes in the direction of displacement (the position is sinusoidally dependent on time), as can be seen from FIG. 6.
  • the tube (2) with the openings (3) is constantly controlled, i.e. the movement has no phases in which the displacement of the tube would be subject to inertial forces alone.
  • the change in direction of movement is caused by the agitator itself (4), which reverses the direction of its force very quickly.
  • This principle has two major disadvantages: - A very violent change in the displacement device leads to very strong, i.e.
  • voluminous agitation systems (4) which cause high energy costs and add too much heat to the system, while the temperature of the mass is generally carefully controlled must - not only so that it does not solidify, but also so that the substances it contains are not destroyed by the temperature (this is especially the case in pharmacy when the active ingredients in a binder, the mass, are sunk).
  • the agitation system (4) is constantly driving: it not only works during the entire working cycle, but also does not allow the kinetic energy of the tube (2) to be recovered when it is braked, so that it can be used for its re-acceleration.
  • an embodiment is preferred in which the change in the direction of movement is brought about by an impact against one or more mechanical stops (5) which are rigidly connected to the solid frame (1).
  • the kinetic energy of the tube (2) is converted into the elastic deformation energy of the stop (5), then returned to the pipe (2) at the moment of relaxation.
  • the agitators (4) of the tube (2) therefore no longer serve to change the direction of displacement of the tube, but simply to maintain its movement, which is the losses due to air and bearing friction and the losses due to the "non-elasticity" of the impact to compensate for the stops (5). It is therefore easy to understand that the performance of the agitator needs to be much lower than that of the previous one.
  • the energy required to maintain the movement can either be supplied during the "flight" of the tube (2) which reciprocates in the manner of a pendulum between its two stops (5) or at the moment of the impact itself. In all cases, the energy can be supplied to the system either twice per period, only once, or only once in all periods.
  • the energy required to maintain the movement is delivered at the moment of impact against the stop (5) by mounting the latter on a "drive".
  • Drive is a piezoelectric ceramic strip (11) glued to the impact, directly in contact with the tube (2) or, advantageously, between the stop (5) and the solid frame (1). Between two impacts against the stops (5), the tube (2) is therefore no longer subjected to the inertial forces alone, which gives the "drops" an excellent geometry during the extrusion.
  • the tube (2) must therefore not be considered as a rigid, non-deformable element.
  • the correction of its deformations should therefore be carried out by the movement retention system itself (4), which no longer exerts selective forces, but rather them distributed along the tube (2) and metered according to the course of the bend line (measured either by independent sensors or, if possible, by the device (4) itself).
  • This adjustment is done in real time by control electronics of the drives (4). Therefore, when a bending mode occurs, the energy supplied by the drives (4) to the "leading" parts of the pipe (2) decreases, while it increases for the "trailing" parts of the pipe (2).
  • the tube (2) has a completely rigid behavior and all nozzles (3) behave in the same way with regard to their movement. They therefore have a collective behavior, whereby the individual control of the individual nozzles (3) would be ideal.
  • the tube (2) is kept in motion by a series of piezoelectric ceramics (10) in a two-element crystal design, one end being embedded in the solid frame (1) and the other in the tube (2) according to a generatrix. The energy lost in each half cycle is fed to the system through this comb.
  • the only stop is a large number of stops (5) on each side of the tube (2) - e.g. one per nozzle (3) - replaced to best distribute the impact along the pipe (2); there is also a comb of drives, advantageously piezoelectric ceramics (10).
  • the tube (2) oscillates between two series of stops (5) (arranged in the same number and symmetrically to the tube) - e.g. steel strips - on the piezoelectric ceramics ( 11) are glued on; the whole is embedded in the solid frame (1). Measuring the bending line of the tube (2) can easily be done by the ceramics themselves (11).
  • the control electronics then controls each Ceramics (11) individually, which means that the rigidity of each steel strip (5) is regulated: those on which the pipe (2) is "leading” become softer, while those on which the pipe (2) is “lagging” is to get harder.
  • the device can be used, for example, in the pharmaceutical industry (medicines in the form of granules), in the chemical industry (chemicals in the form of lozenges, cleaning agents in the form of granules) or for the agricultural food industry.
  • a steel bar (5) with piezoelectric ceramic (11) should be dimensioned in any length in the case of a stainless steel tube (2), which is provided with 1 nozzle (3) per cm.
  • Steel strips (5) and piezoelectric ceramics (11) with a width of 1 cm are therefore selected:
  • FIG. 6 shows the path of a nozzle (3) over time: it consists of a sequence of "ballistic flight” phases at constant speed, separated by sudden sinusoidal changes in direction. The goal is to reduce the duration 2 of these reversals as much as possible.
  • the steel strip (5) and the piezoelectric ceramic (11) form the element with the highest stress, because the breakdown area between the two electrodes must not be exceeded, nor must the elastic limit of the outer fiber. These two conditions are shown in the form of a characteristic maximum energy density E p of the material.
  • the coefficient 1/5 takes into account that the connection between the stop (5) and the tube (2) is a ball connection at the moment of the impact.
  • Thickness 0.5mm
  • the contribution of the steel bar (5) and the piezoelectric ceramic (11) in the absorption of the kinetic energy of the tube (2) is in a ratio of 12/1: 92.3% is due to the steel bar (5) absorbed and 7.7% by the ceramic (11).

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Generation Of Mechanical Vibrations (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)
  • Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif pour la fabrication de pastilles ou de pilules par cisaillement d'un courant de matière extrudée sous l'action de forces d'inertie. Ce dispositif comprend un tube coudé (2), où circule la matière, et pourvu de nombreux alésages (3) disposés selon une génératrice. La matière est expulsée à grande vitesse à travers ces alésages. Le tube est agité vigoureusement afin de diviser périodiquement le jet extrudé en fragments et de séparer ainsi les 'gouttes' qui peuvent ensuite être refroidies sur une surface plane pour donner des pastilles ou être transformées en granulés sphériques en chute libre. Selon un mode avantageux de réalisation, le dispositif est un système à percussion, le mouvement étant conservé par des céramiques piézoélectriques: le tube heurte alternativement deux rangées de butées métalliques (5) qui sont renforcées par des céramiques piézoélectriques (11) et fournissent ainsi au tube l'énergie perdue au moment de l'impact et par friction. Ce dispositif est principalement adapté aux industries pharmaceutique, chimique et agroalimentaire.
EP95915839A 1994-05-05 1995-04-01 Dispositif pour la fabrication de pastilles Ceased EP0707515A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4415846A DE4415846A1 (de) 1994-05-05 1994-05-05 Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Pastillen
DE4415846 1994-05-05
PCT/EP1995/001216 WO1995030477A1 (fr) 1994-05-05 1995-04-01 Dispositif pour la fabrication de pastilles

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0707515A1 true EP0707515A1 (fr) 1996-04-24

Family

ID=6517352

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95915839A Ceased EP0707515A1 (fr) 1994-05-05 1995-04-01 Dispositif pour la fabrication de pastilles

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5720985A (fr)
EP (1) EP0707515A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH09500324A (fr)
KR (1) KR960703662A (fr)
CN (1) CN1129405A (fr)
AU (1) AU677520B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2166708A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE4415846A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1995030477A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6461546B1 (en) * 1998-08-03 2002-10-08 Ut-Battelle Apparatus for and method of producing monodisperse submicron polymer powders from solution
DE19845126A1 (de) * 1998-09-30 2000-04-06 Marco Systemanalyse Entw Verfahren zur Tropfenbildung
DE19851981C2 (de) 1998-11-11 2000-09-14 Daimler Chrysler Ag Verfahren zur Steuerung eines aktiven Insassenkopfschutzsystems in einem Fahrzeug
CN111536641B (zh) * 2020-05-14 2022-04-12 海安立华钢铁制品有限公司 一种水冷却湿帘通风装置

Family Cites Families (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
NL104137C (fr) * 1957-02-14
US2968833A (en) * 1957-05-17 1961-01-24 Phillips Petroleum Co Method and apparatus for prilling ammonium nitrate
US3325858A (en) * 1964-10-02 1967-06-20 Gen Dynamics Corp Sonic apparatus
US3617587A (en) * 1968-10-10 1971-11-02 Copper Range Co Method for producing metallic filaments having a formed skin
GB1503504A (en) * 1974-04-29 1978-03-15 Fisons Ltd Prilling process
US4063856A (en) * 1975-02-21 1977-12-20 Gte Sylvania Incorporated Particulate product of self supporting spheres containing inorganic material and apparatus for producing same
US4764317A (en) * 1984-02-09 1988-08-16 Southwest Research Institute Microencapsulation process and apparatus
EP0233384A3 (fr) * 1985-12-20 1988-12-14 Stamicarbon B.V. Procédé et dispositif pour distribuer un liquide dans un milieu de gaz ou de vapeur
CH675370A5 (en) * 1988-06-03 1990-09-28 Ciba Geigy Ag Filled pill mfr. - by concentric nozzles receiving ingredients from oscillating diaphragms
JP2887677B2 (ja) * 1988-08-11 1999-04-26 株式会社日本計器製作所 圧電ポンプ
US5259593A (en) * 1990-08-30 1993-11-09 University Of Southern California Apparatus for droplet stream manufacturing
US5154220A (en) * 1990-12-06 1992-10-13 Crawford Tommy N Method and apparatus for making metal shot
DE4214272A1 (de) * 1992-05-04 1993-11-11 Nukem Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Mikrokugeln

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
See references of WO9530477A1 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5720985A (en) 1998-02-24
AU677520B2 (en) 1997-04-24
CA2166708A1 (fr) 1995-11-16
JPH09500324A (ja) 1997-01-14
AU2256295A (en) 1995-11-29
KR960703662A (ko) 1996-08-31
DE4415846A1 (de) 1995-11-16
WO1995030477A1 (fr) 1995-11-16
CN1129405A (zh) 1996-08-21

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