EP0704258A1 - Method and device for forming sheet metal - Google Patents

Method and device for forming sheet metal Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0704258A1
EP0704258A1 EP95112736A EP95112736A EP0704258A1 EP 0704258 A1 EP0704258 A1 EP 0704258A1 EP 95112736 A EP95112736 A EP 95112736A EP 95112736 A EP95112736 A EP 95112736A EP 0704258 A1 EP0704258 A1 EP 0704258A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
contour
shape contour
parting plane
sheet metal
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EP95112736A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0704258B1 (en
Inventor
Harald Käsmacher
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Schuler Werkzeuge GmbH and Co
SMG Sueddeutsche Maschinenbau GmbH
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SMG Sueddeutsche Maschinenbau GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
    • B21D26/027—Means for controlling fluid parameters, e.g. pressure or temperature
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
    • B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
    • B21D26/021—Deforming sheet bodies
    • B21D26/031—Mould construction

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for forming sheet metal, in that a blank in the parting plane between an upper tool and a lower tool, one of which has the shape contour, is clamped in a liquid-tight manner and is molded onto the shape contour by the action of a hydraulic pressure medium on its side opposite the shape contour.
  • the active medium is a hydraulic pressure medium.
  • the board clamped between the sheet metal holder and the drawing ring is drawn with a form stamp, which has the contour of the finished molded part, into a corresponding counter-tool, also called a water tank, in which the pressure medium is located and from which the pressure medium is located is displaced according to the feed of the drawing die.
  • This method has the advantage over pure mechanical drawing methods that Sheet metal in the area of the drawing radius of the drawing ring is arched out and consequently is not pulled over the drawing radius, so that the particularly heavy stress on the sheet metal there is avoided.
  • the outside also remains largely without drawing marks.
  • This method is not suitable for flat molded parts with only slight contouring, since the finished molded part has only a low dimensional stability.
  • stretch forming is known, in which the blank is firmly clamped between an upper tool and a lower tool.
  • One of the tools has the desired shape, while the other tool is connected to a controllable hydraulic source.
  • By applying pressure to the board on the side opposite the contour it is molded into the other tool.
  • the entire degree of forming is worked out solely by stretching the sheet. The process is therefore severely restricted both in terms of the degree of deformation and the formable sheet thicknesses.
  • stretch-slip forming in which one tool has a preform with less contouring, the other tool has the final contour and both tools can be pressurized.
  • the firmly clamped sheet metal blank is first molded into the preforming tool by means of pressure medium and then brought into the final shape by pressurization from the other side. This procedure is very complex from the point of view of operation, as well as tool and machine technology.
  • the invention has for its object a method and to propose a device which in particular allows the production of flat molded parts with weak contouring and nevertheless good dimensional stability.
  • this object is achieved according to the invention in that the plate under controlled action of the pressure medium initially up to an elongation of 10 to 15% in the direction of the The shape of the shape is preformed and then, with continued pressure and retightening the sheet, it is finally shaped without further stretching until it lies completely on the shape of the shape.
  • the method according to the invention therefore works essentially in two stages, in that, in the preforming phase, an expansion of 10 to 15% is introduced into the sheet by means of controlled pressurization, the board essentially only bulging out like a membrane, that is to say generally having the largest bulge in the central region . Due to the stretch of 10 to 15%, material hardening is achieved. In the subsequent final forming under constant pressure from the pressure medium, the sheet is formed without further stretching until it lies completely on the contour of the mold.
  • the stretching required in the preforming phase can be achieved in different ways.
  • the shape contour is set at such a small distance from the parting plane at the beginning of the shaping process that the blank touches the shape contour in regions during the preforming.
  • the sheet is arched through in the preforming phase until it touches the projecting parts of the shape contour, the distance of the shape contour from the parting plane being adjusted such that the contact takes place at about the time when an elongation of 10 to 15% occurs. is reached, while the sheet metal is only molded onto the remaining contour during further forming.
  • the greatest mold depth is determined, inter alia, by the smallest distance between the mold contour and the parting plane set for the preforming. This can lead to the fact that the molded part must then be trimmed in the edge region, which is associated with a corresponding waste of material. It is therefore also provided according to the invention that the shape contour is moved in the direction of the parting plane during the final shaping. This allows the depth of the mold to be reduced to almost the desired size, so that the molded part does not have to be trimmed afterwards or only with a small amount of material waste. This procedure also prevents further stretching after the preforming phase has ended.
  • the desired expansion can be achieved particularly simply if the blank is firmly clamped between the upper and lower tool during the preforming and the clamping is released during the final shaping to such an extent that the sheet metal can retighten.
  • stretching mainly takes place in the preforming phase, while there is a typical deep drawing during the final shaping.
  • the invention further relates to a device for forming sheet metal, consisting of an upper tool and a lower tool, one of which is the shape contour, the other is connected to a controllable hydraulic source and in the parting plane a board can be clamped liquid-tight.
  • the object of the invention is achieved in that the tool having the shape contour is formed in two parts and consists of a drawing ring which interacts with the other tool and a shape stamp which has the shape contour and can be moved relative to the parting plane.
  • a preferred embodiment of this device is characterized in that the forming die can be set at the beginning of the shaping in a position with respect to the parting plane in which the blank touches the contour of the area in regions during a preforming phase until an elongation of 10 to 15% is reached, and in that can then be moved in the direction of the parting plane during final shaping.
  • the measure serves the same purpose that the distance between the drawing ring and the opposite tool for controlling the clamping force holding the board on the edge is adjustable.
  • the blank can be firmly clamped during the preforming phase and released during the final deformation of the clamping force to such an extent that the sheet metal can retighten.
  • the device shown in the drawing consists of a lower tool 1 and an upper tool 2.
  • the lower tool has on its upper side a chamber 3 which is connected via a line 4 to a controllable hydraulic source. Furthermore, a circumferential liquid seal 5 is used on the upper side of the lower tool 1.
  • the upper tool consists of two parts, namely a drawing ring 6 and a die 7 having the shape contour, it being evident from the drawing that it is a flat or slightly curved shape contour for a large-area molded part.
  • This can be the bonnet or the roof of a car, for example, or another large sheet metal part.
  • the sheet metal plate 8 is placed on the lower tool 1 and the lower tool 1 and upper tool 2 are then moved together until the sheet metal plate is clamped in the parting plane 9 (FIG. 2) between the drawing ring 6 and the upper side of the lower tool 1, and at the same time the seal 5 the interior seals. Then pressure medium is fed into the chamber 3 in a controlled manner via the line 4, as indicated by the arrows, so that the circuit board 8 bulges out to form a type of membrane 10.
  • the protrusion of the drawing ring 6 above the highest elevation of the shape contour on the die 7 is designed such that after the preforming phase shown in FIG. 2 has been completed, the sheet has undergone an elongation of about 10 to 15% until it touches the shape contour in the region of its highest elevation .
  • This expansion can be set very precisely on the one hand by correspondingly controlling the pressure medium and on the other hand by controlling the clamping force in the parting plane 9. With further pressurization, the sheet is finally molded onto the entire contour of the die 7, as shown in FIG. 3. If necessary, the clamping force can be reduced in a controlled manner so that the sheet metal can retighten in the parting plane 9 without further expansion of the sheet metal in the final shaping phase and finally the sheet metal molded part 11 shown in FIG. 3 is obtained.
  • the molded part 11 has a relatively high edge 12, which is undesirable in the given case, so that the molded part 11 still has to be trimmed after the shaping process and the material in the region 12 accumulates as waste.
  • the form punch 7 can be displaceable relative to the drawing ring 6 in an embodiment not shown. As a result, it is initially possible to position the die for the preform phase in a reproducible manner with reference to the parting plane 9. Furthermore, after the preforming phase according to FIG.
  • the forming die 7 can be moved in the direction of the parting plane 9 with a reduction in the distance, so that on the one hand the degree of deformation in the outer region of the preforming part 10 is reduced and on the other hand the unnecessary excess material 12 (see FIG. 3) is avoided can, to the extent that the finished molded part 11 no longer has to be trimmed.

Abstract

The device comprises a lower tool (1) and an upper tool (2), the lower tool having a chamber (3) on its upper side, which via a conduit (4) is connectable to a controlled hydraulic source. On the upper side of the lower tool is set an all-round fluid seal (5). The upper tool consists of two parts, via. a draw ring (6) and a form stamp (7) which has the shape contour. The contour can be flat or slightly arched, i.e. an engine bonnet or the roof of a vehicle. On the lower tool the plate (8) is laid and then the lower and upper tools are moved together, until the plate is tensioned in the dividing plane between the draw ring and the upper side of the lower tool, and at the same time the seal seals the inner space. Pressure medium is fed via the conduit into the chamber so that the plate is arched in the form of a membrane.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Umformen von Metallblech, indem eine Platine in der Trennebene zwischen einem Oberwerkzeug und einem Unterwerkzeug, von denen eines die Formkontur aufweist, flüssigkeitsdicht eingespannt und durch Einwirken eines hydraulischen Druckmittels auf ihre der Formkontur gegenüberliegende Seite auf die Formkontur aufgeformt wird.The invention relates to a method for forming sheet metal, in that a blank in the parting plane between an upper tool and a lower tool, one of which has the shape contour, is clamped in a liquid-tight manner and is molded onto the shape contour by the action of a hydraulic pressure medium on its side opposite the shape contour.

Neben dem herkömmlichen mechanischen Tiefziehen zum Umformen von Metallblech sind auch solche Verfahren bekannt, bei denen das Wirkmedium ein hydraulisches Druckmittel ist. So wird beispielsweise bei dem sogenannten Hydro-Mec-Ziehverfahren die zwischen Blechhalter und Ziehring eingespannte Platine mit einem Formstempel, der die Kontur des fertigen Formteils aufweist, in ein entsprechendes Gegenwerkzeug -auch Wasserkasten genanntgezogen, in welchem sich das Druckmittel befindet und aus dem das Druckmittel entsprechend dem Vorschub des Ziehstempels verdrängt wird. Dieses Verfahren hat gegenüber reinen mechanischen Ziehverfahren den Vorteil, daß das Blech im Bereich des Ziehradius' des Ziehrings ausgewölbt und folglich nicht über den Ziehradius gezogen wird, so daß die dort besonders starke Beanspruchung des Blechs vermieden wird. Auch bleibt die Außenseite weitgehend ohne Ziehmarken. Dieses Verfahren ist für flache Formteile mit nur geringer Konturierung nicht geeignet, da das fertige Formteil eine nur geringe Formstabilität besitzt.In addition to the conventional mechanical deep drawing for forming sheet metal, processes are also known in which the active medium is a hydraulic pressure medium. For example, in the so-called Hydro-Mec drawing process, the board clamped between the sheet metal holder and the drawing ring is drawn with a form stamp, which has the contour of the finished molded part, into a corresponding counter-tool, also called a water tank, in which the pressure medium is located and from which the pressure medium is located is displaced according to the feed of the drawing die. This method has the advantage over pure mechanical drawing methods that Sheet metal in the area of the drawing radius of the drawing ring is arched out and consequently is not pulled over the drawing radius, so that the particularly heavy stress on the sheet metal there is avoided. The outside also remains largely without drawing marks. This method is not suitable for flat molded parts with only slight contouring, since the finished molded part has only a low dimensional stability.

Zur Herstellung flacher Formteile bei vergleichsweise geringer Wandstärke ist das Streck-Umformen bekannt, bei dem die Platine zwischen einem Oberwerkzeug und einem Unterwerkzeug fest eingespannt wird. Eines der Werkzeuge besitzt die gewünschte Formkontur, während das andere Werkzeug an eine steuerbare Hydraulikquelle angeschlossen ist. Durch Beaufschlagung der Platine an der der Formkontur gegenüberliegenden Seite wird diese in das andere Werkzeug eingeformt. Der gesamte Umformgrad wird hierbei allein durch Strecken des Blechs erarbeitet. Das Verfahren ist deshalb sowohl hinsichtlich des Umformgrades als auch der umformbaren Blechstärken stark eingeschränkt. Um insbesondere tiefere Konturen ausformen zu können, ist das Streck-Stülp-Umformen bekannt, bei dem das eine Werkzeug eine Vorform geringerer Konturierung, das andere Werkzeug die endgültige Formkontur aufweist und beide Werkzeuge mit Druckmittel beaufschlagbar sind. Es wird die fest eingespannte Blechplatine zunächst durch Druckmittel in das Vorformwerkzeug eingeformt und anschließend durch Druckbeaufschlagung von der anderen Seite in die endgültige Formkontur gebracht. Dieses Verfahren ist vom Ablauf her, wie auch werkzeug- und maschinentechnisch sehr aufwendig.For the production of flat molded parts with a comparatively small wall thickness, stretch forming is known, in which the blank is firmly clamped between an upper tool and a lower tool. One of the tools has the desired shape, while the other tool is connected to a controllable hydraulic source. By applying pressure to the board on the side opposite the contour, it is molded into the other tool. The entire degree of forming is worked out solely by stretching the sheet. The process is therefore severely restricted both in terms of the degree of deformation and the formable sheet thicknesses. In order to be able to form deeper contours in particular, stretch-slip forming is known, in which one tool has a preform with less contouring, the other tool has the final contour and both tools can be pressurized. The firmly clamped sheet metal blank is first molded into the preforming tool by means of pressure medium and then brought into the final shape by pressurization from the other side. This procedure is very complex from the point of view of operation, as well as tool and machine technology.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung vorzuschlagen, die insbesondere die Herstellung flacher Formteile mit schwacher Konturierung bei gleichwohl guter Formstabilität gestatten.The invention has for its object a method and to propose a device which in particular allows the production of flat molded parts with weak contouring and nevertheless good dimensional stability.

Ausgehend von dem eingangs genannten Verfahren, bei dem also das Umformen durch ein aktiv wirkendes, hydraulisches Druckmittel erfolgt, wird diese Aufgabe erfindungsgemäß dadurch gelöst, daß die Platine unter gesteuerter Einwirkung des Druckmittels zunächst bis zu einer Dehnung von 10 bis 15% in Richtung auf die Formkontur vorgeformt und anschließend bei anhaltendem Druck unter Nachziehen des Blechs ohne weitere Dehnung bis zum vollständigen Aufliegen auf der Formkontur endgeformt wird.Based on the method mentioned at the beginning, in which the forming is carried out by an actively acting hydraulic pressure medium, this object is achieved according to the invention in that the plate under controlled action of the pressure medium initially up to an elongation of 10 to 15% in the direction of the The shape of the shape is preformed and then, with continued pressure and retightening the sheet, it is finally shaped without further stretching until it lies completely on the shape of the shape.

Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren arbeitet also im wesentlichen zweistufig, indem in der Vorformphase durch gesteuerte Druckbeaufschlagung in das Blech eine Dehnung von 10 bis 15% eingebracht wird, wobei sich die Platine im wesentlichen nur membranartig durchwölbt, in der Regel also im mittleren Bereich die größte Auswölbung aufweist. Durch die eingebrachte Dehnung von 10 bis 15% wird eine Materialverfestigung erreicht. Beim anschließenden Endformen unter anhaltendem Druckmittel-Druck wird das Blech ohne weitere Dehnung bis zum vollständigen Aufliegen auf der Formkontur umgeformt.The method according to the invention therefore works essentially in two stages, in that, in the preforming phase, an expansion of 10 to 15% is introduced into the sheet by means of controlled pressurization, the board essentially only bulging out like a membrane, that is to say generally having the largest bulge in the central region . Due to the stretch of 10 to 15%, material hardening is achieved. In the subsequent final forming under constant pressure from the pressure medium, the sheet is formed without further stretching until it lies completely on the contour of the mold.

Auf diese Weise lassen sich selbst großflächige schwachkonturierte Formteile, wie beispielsweise Motorhauben oder Kofferraumdeckel oder auch Dachteile von Kraftfahrzeugen herstellen, ohne daß die Formteile "lappig" und schwingungsempfindlich sind. Auch lassen sich solche schwachen Formteile maßgetreu fertigen und es können insbesondere auch Bleche verarbeitet werden, die bereits eine veredelte Oberfläche aufweisen und somit Formteile mit anspruchsvollen Oberflächen erzeugen.In this way, even large-area, weakly contoured molded parts, such as bonnets or trunk lids or roof parts of motor vehicles, can be produced without the molded parts being "lobed" and sensitive to vibrations. Such weak molded parts can also be made to size and, in particular, sheets can be processed that already have a refined surface and thus molded parts with demanding surfaces.

Die in der Vorformphase gewünschte Dehnung läßt sich auf unterschiedliche Art verwirklichen. In einer Ausführung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist vorgesehen, daß die Formkontur zu Beginn des Umformvorgangs auf einem solchen kleinsten Abstand zur Trennebene eingestellt wird, daß die Platine beim Vorformen die Formkontur bereichsweise berührt.The stretching required in the preforming phase can be achieved in different ways. In one embodiment of the method according to the invention, it is provided that the shape contour is set at such a small distance from the parting plane at the beginning of the shaping process that the blank touches the shape contour in regions during the preforming.

Bei dieser Verfahrensvariante wird also das Blech in der Vorformphase soweit durchgewölbt, bis es die vorspringenden Teile der Formkontur berührt, wobei der Abstand der Formkontur zur Trennebene so eingestellt wird, daß die Berührung etwa zu dem Zeitpunkt stattfindet, wenn eine Dehnung von 10 bis 15% erreicht ist, während beim weiteren Umformen das Blech nur noch auf die übrige Formkontur aufgeformt wird.In this variant of the method, the sheet is arched through in the preforming phase until it touches the projecting parts of the shape contour, the distance of the shape contour from the parting plane being adjusted such that the contact takes place at about the time when an elongation of 10 to 15% occurs. is reached, while the sheet metal is only molded onto the remaining contour during further forming.

Bei der vorgenannten Verfahrensvariante ist die größte Formtiefe unter anderem durch den für das Vorformen eingestellten kleinsten Abstand der Formkontur zur Trennebene bestimmt. Dies kann dazu führen, daß im Randbereich mit den tieferen Konturen das Formteil anschließend besäumt werden muß, was mit einem entsprechenden Materialabfall verbunden ist. Es ist deshalb erfindungsgemäß weiterhin vorgesehen, daß während des Endverformens die Formkontur in Richtung auf die Trennebene verfahren wird. Dadurch läßt sich die Formtiefe bis nahe auf das Wunschmaß reduzieren, so daß das Formteil nachträglich nicht mehr oder mit nur noch geringem Materialabfall besäumt werden muß. Auch beugt diese Verfahrensweise einer weiteren Dehnung nach Abschluß der Vorformphase vor.In the aforementioned variant of the method, the greatest mold depth is determined, inter alia, by the smallest distance between the mold contour and the parting plane set for the preforming. This can lead to the fact that the molded part must then be trimmed in the edge region, which is associated with a corresponding waste of material. It is therefore also provided according to the invention that the shape contour is moved in the direction of the parting plane during the final shaping. This allows the depth of the mold to be reduced to almost the desired size, so that the molded part does not have to be trimmed afterwards or only with a small amount of material waste. This procedure also prevents further stretching after the preforming phase has ended.

Die gewünschte Dehnung läßt sich besonders einfach dann verwirklichen, wenn die Platine während des Vorformens zwischen Ober- und Unterwerkzeug fest eingespannt und beim Endverformen die Einspannung soweit gelöst wird, daß das Blech nachziehen kann. Bei dieser Verfahrensvariante findet also in der Vorformphase vornehmlich ein Strecken statt, während beim Endverformen ein typisches Tiefziehen vorliegt.The desired expansion can be achieved particularly simply if the blank is firmly clamped between the upper and lower tool during the preforming and the clamping is released during the final shaping to such an extent that the sheet metal can retighten. With this variant of the method, stretching mainly takes place in the preforming phase, while there is a typical deep drawing during the final shaping.

Die Erfindung betrifft weiterhin eine Vorrichtung zum Umformen von Metallblech, bestehend aus einem Oberwerkzeug und einem Unterwerkzeug, von denen eines die Formkontur, das andere mit einer steuerbaren Hydraulikquelle verbunden ist und in deren Trennebene eine Platine flüssigkeitsdicht einspannbar ist. An einer solchen Vorrichtung wird die Erfindungsaufgabe dadurch gelöst, daß das die Formkontur aufweisende Werkzeug zweiteilig ausgebildet ist und aus einem mit dem anderen Werkzeug zusammenwirkenden Ziehring und einem die Formkontur aufweisenden Formstempel besteht, der relativ zur Trennebene verfahrbar ist.The invention further relates to a device for forming sheet metal, consisting of an upper tool and a lower tool, one of which is the shape contour, the other is connected to a controllable hydraulic source and in the parting plane a board can be clamped liquid-tight. In such a device, the object of the invention is achieved in that the tool having the shape contour is formed in two parts and consists of a drawing ring which interacts with the other tool and a shape stamp which has the shape contour and can be moved relative to the parting plane.

Eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform dieser Vorrichtung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, daß der Formstempel zu Beginn des Umformens in eine Position bezüglich der Trennebene einstellbar ist, in der die Platine während einer Vorformphase bis zum Erreichen einer Dehnung von 10 bis 15% die Formkontur bereichsweise berührt, und daß anschließend beim Endverformen der Formstempel in Richtung zur Trennebene verfahrbar ist.A preferred embodiment of this device is characterized in that the forming die can be set at the beginning of the shaping in a position with respect to the parting plane in which the blank touches the contour of the area in regions during a preforming phase until an elongation of 10 to 15% is reached, and in that can then be moved in the direction of the parting plane during final shaping.

Mit einer solchen Vorrichtung ist es in besonders einfacher Weise möglich, die in das Blech einzubringende Dehnung von 10 bis 15% zu realisieren und zu begrenzen, um anschließend beim Endverformen ein reines Tiefziehen zu verwirklichen.With such a device, it is possible in a particularly simple manner to realize and limit the elongation of 10 to 15% to be introduced into the sheet. in order to achieve a deep drawing afterwards.

Dem gleichen Zweck dient die Maßnahme, daß der Abstand von Ziehring und gegenüberliegendem Werkzeug zur Steuerung der die Platine randseitig haltenden Einspannkraft einstellbar ist. Beispielsweise kann die Platine während der Vorformphase fest eingespannt und während des Endverformens der Einspannkraft soweit gelöst werden, daß das Blech nachziehen kann.The measure serves the same purpose that the distance between the drawing ring and the opposite tool for controlling the clamping force holding the board on the edge is adjustable. For example, the blank can be firmly clamped during the preforming phase and released during the final deformation of the clamping force to such an extent that the sheet metal can retighten.

Nachstehend ist die Erfindung anhand eines in der Zeichnung wiedergegebenen Ausführungsbeispiels beschrieben. In der Zeichnung zeigen:

Figur 1
einen Schnitt durch eine Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung im geöffneten Zustand;
Figur 2
einen der Figur 1 entsprechenden Schnitt bei geschlossenen Werkzeugen in der Vorformphase;
Figur 3
einen der Figur 2 entsprechenden Schnitt nach Abschluß des Umformvorgangs.
The invention is described below using an exemplary embodiment shown in the drawing. The drawing shows:
Figure 1
a section through an embodiment of the device in the open state;
Figure 2
a section corresponding to Figure 1 with closed tools in the preforming phase;
Figure 3
a section corresponding to Figure 2 after completion of the forming process.

Die in der Zeichnung wiedergebenene Vorrichtung besteht aus einem Unterwerkzeug 1 und einem Oberwerkzeug 2. Das Unterwerkzeug weist an seiner Oberseite eine Kammer 3 auf, die über eine Leitung 4 an eine steuerbare Hydraulikquelle angeschlossen ist. Ferner ist an der Oberseite des Unterwerkzeugs 1 eine umlaufende Flüssigkeitsdichtung 5 eingesetzt.The device shown in the drawing consists of a lower tool 1 and an upper tool 2. The lower tool has on its upper side a chamber 3 which is connected via a line 4 to a controllable hydraulic source. Furthermore, a circumferential liquid seal 5 is used on the upper side of the lower tool 1.

Das Oberwerkzeug besteht beim wiedergegebenen Ausführungsbeispiel aus zwei Teilen, nämlich einem Ziehring 6 und einem die Formkontur aufweisenden Formstempel 7, wobei aus der Zeichnung erkennbar ist, daß es sich um eine flache bzw. leicht gewölbte Formkontur für ein großflächiges Formteil handelt. Dies kann beispielsweise die Motorhaube oder das Dach eines PKWs oder ein anderes großflächiges Blechteil sein.In the exemplary embodiment shown, the upper tool consists of two parts, namely a drawing ring 6 and a die 7 having the shape contour, it being evident from the drawing that it is a flat or slightly curved shape contour for a large-area molded part. This can be the bonnet or the roof of a car, for example, or another large sheet metal part.

Auf das Unterwerkzeug 1 wird die Blechplatine 8 aufgelegt und werden anschließend Unterwerkzeug 1 und Oberwerkzeug 2 zusammengefahren, bis die Blechplatine in der Trennebene 9 (Fig. 2) zwischen dem Ziehring 6 und der Oberseite des Unterwerkzeugs 1 eingespannt ist und zugleich die Dichtung 5 den Innenraum abdichtet. Anschließend wird über die Leitung 4 Druckmittel in die Kammer 3 gesteuert eingespeist, wie dies mit den Pfeilen angedeutet ist, so daß sich die Platine 8 zu einer Art Membran 10 auswölbt. Der Überstand des Ziehrings 6 über der höchsten Erhebung der Formkontur am Formstempel 7 ist so ausgelegt, daß nach Abschluß der in Figur 2 gezeigten Vorformphase das Blech eine Dehnung von etwa 10 bis 15% erfahren hat, bis es die Formkontur im Bereich ihrer höchsten Erhebung berührt. Diese Dehnung läßt sich einerseits durch entsprechende Steuerung des Druckmittels, andererseits durch Steuerung der Einspannkraft in der Trennebene 9 sehr genau einstellen. Bei weiterer Druckbeaufschlagung wird das Blech schließlich auf die gesamte Kontur des Formstempels 7 aufgeformt, wie dies in Figur 3 gezeigt. Dabei kann gegebenenfalls die Einspannkraft gesteuert reduziert werden, damit das Blech in der Trennebene 9 nachziehen kann, ohne daß es in der Endformphase zu einer weiteren Dehnung des Blechs kommt und schließlich das in Figur 3 gezeigte Blechformteil 11 erhalten wird.The sheet metal plate 8 is placed on the lower tool 1 and the lower tool 1 and upper tool 2 are then moved together until the sheet metal plate is clamped in the parting plane 9 (FIG. 2) between the drawing ring 6 and the upper side of the lower tool 1, and at the same time the seal 5 the interior seals. Then pressure medium is fed into the chamber 3 in a controlled manner via the line 4, as indicated by the arrows, so that the circuit board 8 bulges out to form a type of membrane 10. The protrusion of the drawing ring 6 above the highest elevation of the shape contour on the die 7 is designed such that after the preforming phase shown in FIG. 2 has been completed, the sheet has undergone an elongation of about 10 to 15% until it touches the shape contour in the region of its highest elevation . This expansion can be set very precisely on the one hand by correspondingly controlling the pressure medium and on the other hand by controlling the clamping force in the parting plane 9. With further pressurization, the sheet is finally molded onto the entire contour of the die 7, as shown in FIG. 3. If necessary, the clamping force can be reduced in a controlled manner so that the sheet metal can retighten in the parting plane 9 without further expansion of the sheet metal in the final shaping phase and finally the sheet metal molded part 11 shown in FIG. 3 is obtained.

Nach Ablassen des Druckmittels über die Leitung 4 werden die Werkzeuge 1, 2 geöffnet und kann das Formteil 11 entnommen werden.After releasing the pressure medium via line 4 the tools 1, 2 opened and the molded part 11 can be removed.

Wie aus Figur 3 ersichtlich, weist das Formteil 11 einen relativ hohen Rand 12 auf, der im gegebenen Fall unerwünscht ist, so daß das Formteil 11 nach dem Umformvorgang noch besäumt werden muß und das Material im Bereich 12 als Abfall anfällt. Um dies zu vermeiden, kann in einer nicht gezeigten Ausführungsform der Formstempel 7 gegenüber dem Ziehring 6 verfahrbar sein. Dadurch ist es zunächst möglich, den Formstempel für die Vorformphase mit Bezug auf die Trennebene 9 reproduzierbar zu positionieren. Ferner kann der Formstempel 7 nach Abschluß der Vorformphase gemäß Figur 2 in Richtung zur Trennebene 9 unter Verringerung des Abstandes verfahren werden, so daß einerseits der Umformgrad im äußeren Bereich des Vorformteils 10 reduziert, andererseits der unnötige Materialüberstand 12 (siehe Fig. 3) vermieden werden kann, und zwar soweit, daß das fertige Formteil 11 nicht mehr besäumt werden muß.As can be seen from FIG. 3, the molded part 11 has a relatively high edge 12, which is undesirable in the given case, so that the molded part 11 still has to be trimmed after the shaping process and the material in the region 12 accumulates as waste. In order to avoid this, the form punch 7 can be displaceable relative to the drawing ring 6 in an embodiment not shown. As a result, it is initially possible to position the die for the preform phase in a reproducible manner with reference to the parting plane 9. Furthermore, after the preforming phase according to FIG. 2 has been completed, the forming die 7 can be moved in the direction of the parting plane 9 with a reduction in the distance, so that on the one hand the degree of deformation in the outer region of the preforming part 10 is reduced and on the other hand the unnecessary excess material 12 (see FIG. 3) is avoided can, to the extent that the finished molded part 11 no longer has to be trimmed.

Claims (7)

Verfahren zum Umformen von Metallblech, indem eine Platine in der Trennebene zwischen einem Oberwerkzeug und einem Unterwerkzeug, von denen eines die Formkontur aufweist, flüssigkeitsdicht eingespannt und durch Einwirken eines hydraulischen Druckmittels auf ihre der Formkontur gegenüberliegende Seite auf die Formkontur aufgeformt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Platine unter gesteuerter Einwirkung des Druckmittels zunächst bis zu einer Dehnung von 10 bis 15% in Richtung auf die Formkontur vorgeformt und anschließend bei anhaltendem Druck unter Nachziehen des Blechs ohne weitere Dehnung bis zum vollständigen Aufliegen auf der Formkontur endgeformt wird.Method for forming sheet metal by clamping a blank in the parting plane between an upper tool and a lower tool, one of which has the shape contour, in a liquid-tight manner and by molding a hydraulic pressure medium on its side opposite the shape contour onto the shape contour, characterized in that the blank is initially pre-shaped up to an elongation of 10 to 15% in the direction of the shape contour under the controlled action of the pressure medium and is then finally shaped with continued pressure while retightening the sheet metal without further stretching until it lies completely on the shape contour. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Formkontur zu Beginn des Umformvorgangs auf einen solchen kleinsten Abstand zur Trennebene eingestellt wird, daß die Platine beim Vorformen die Formkontur bereichsweise berührt.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the contour of the mold is set to such a small distance from the parting plane at the beginning of the forming process that the blank during the preforming Shape contour touched in areas. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß während des Endverformens die Formkontur in Richtung auf die Trennebene verfahren wird.Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the shape contour is moved in the direction of the parting plane during the final shaping. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Platine während des Vorformens zwischen Ober- und Unterwerkzeug fest eingespannt und beim Endverformen die Einspannung soweit gelöst wird, daß das Blech nachziehen kann.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the blank is firmly clamped between the upper and lower tool during the preforming and the clamping is released during the final shaping to such an extent that the sheet metal can retighten. Vorrichtung zum Umformen von Metallblech, bestehend aus einem Oberwerkzeug und einem Unterwerkzeug, von denen eines die Formkontur aufweist, das andere mit einer steuerbaren Hydraulikquelle verbunden ist und in deren Trennebene eine Platine flüssigkeitsdicht einspannbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das die Formkontur aufweisende Werkzeug zweiteilig ausgebildet ist und aus einem mit dem anderen Werkzeug zusammenwirkenden Ziehring und einem die Formkontur aufweisenden Formstempel bestehend, der relativ zur Trennebene verfahrbar ist.Device for forming sheet metal, consisting of an upper tool and a lower tool, one of which has the shape contour, the other is connected to a controllable hydraulic source and a circuit board can be clamped liquid-tight in the parting plane thereof, characterized in that the tool having the shape contour is formed in two parts and consists of a drawing ring which interacts with the other tool and a shaping stamp which has the shape contour and can be moved relative to the parting plane. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Formstempel zu Beginn des Umformens in eine Position bezüglich der Trennebene einstellbar ist, in der die Platine während einer Vorformphase bis zum Erreichen einer Dehnung von 10 bis 15% die Formkontur bereichsweise berührt, und daß anschließend beim Endverformen der Formstempel in Richtung zur Trennebene verfahrbar ist.Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that at the beginning of the shaping, the shaping stamp can be adjusted into a position with respect to the parting plane in which the blank touches the shape of the contour in regions during a preforming phase until an elongation of 10 to 15% is reached, and that subsequently during Final deformation of the form stamp is movable in the direction of the parting plane. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Abstand von Ziehring und gegenüberliegendem Werkzeug zur Steuerung der die Platine randseitig haltenden Einspannkraft einstellbar ist.Device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that that the distance between the drawing ring and the opposite tool for controlling the clamping force holding the board on the edge is adjustable.
EP95112736A 1994-09-29 1995-08-12 Method for forming sheet metal Revoked EP0704258B1 (en)

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DE4434799 1994-09-29
DE4434799A DE4434799A1 (en) 1994-09-29 1994-09-29 Method and device for forming sheet metal

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EP1005930A1 (en) * 1998-12-03 2000-06-07 KUKA Werkzeugbau Schwarzenberg GmbH Process and device for hydraulic shaping workpieces
EP1243354A2 (en) * 2001-03-23 2002-09-25 Schuler SMG GmbH & Co. KG Apparatus for hydromechanical deep-drawing of metal sheet
CN102357584A (en) * 2011-11-02 2012-02-22 哈尔滨工业大学 Method for forming double-layer sheet in paired bulging way

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EP1005930A1 (en) * 1998-12-03 2000-06-07 KUKA Werkzeugbau Schwarzenberg GmbH Process and device for hydraulic shaping workpieces
EP1243354A2 (en) * 2001-03-23 2002-09-25 Schuler SMG GmbH & Co. KG Apparatus for hydromechanical deep-drawing of metal sheet
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CN102357584A (en) * 2011-11-02 2012-02-22 哈尔滨工业大学 Method for forming double-layer sheet in paired bulging way

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0704258B1 (en) 1998-06-10
US5632172A (en) 1997-05-27
ES2119278T3 (en) 1998-10-01
JPH08174091A (en) 1996-07-09
DE59502479D1 (en) 1998-07-16
DE4434799A1 (en) 1996-04-04

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