EP0696040B1 - Gas blast circuit-breaker - Google Patents

Gas blast circuit-breaker Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0696040B1
EP0696040B1 EP95810434A EP95810434A EP0696040B1 EP 0696040 B1 EP0696040 B1 EP 0696040B1 EP 95810434 A EP95810434 A EP 95810434A EP 95810434 A EP95810434 A EP 95810434A EP 0696040 B1 EP0696040 B1 EP 0696040B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
contact
circuit breaker
breaker according
erosion
contact member
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95810434A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0696040A1 (en
Inventor
Werner Dr. Hofbauer
Joachim Stechbarth
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ABB AG Germany
Original Assignee
ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Asea Brown Boveri AB
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Application filed by ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd, Asea Brown Boveri AB filed Critical ABB Asea Brown Boveri Ltd
Publication of EP0696040A1 publication Critical patent/EP0696040A1/en
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/904—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism characterised by the transmission between operating mechanism and piston or movable contact
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H2033/028—Details the cooperating contacts being both actuated simultaneously in opposite directions
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/24—Means for preventing discharge to non-current-carrying parts, e.g. using corona ring
    • H01H33/245—Means for preventing discharge to non-current-carrying parts, e.g. using corona ring using movable field electrodes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/88—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts
    • H01H33/90—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism
    • H01H33/901—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid the flow of arc-extinguishing fluid being produced or increased by movement of pistons or other pressure-producing parts this movement being effected by or in conjunction with the contact-operating mechanism making use of the energy of the arc or an auxiliary arc

Definitions

  • the invention is based on a gas pressure switch according to the introductory part of claim 1.
  • Such Compressed gas switch is preferred as a circuit breaker in high voltage networks used.
  • the invention relates to a prior art, as derived from a report by H.Toda et al. "Development of 550 kV 1-break GCB (part II) - Development of Prototype "IEEE 92 SM 578-5 PWRD results Technology is a gas pressure switch with two in an insulating gas filled Chamber arranged movable contacts and with a piston-cylinder compression device that generates extinguishing gas when switched off described. This switch will Driving energy from a first of two contact pieces via one as a speed converter lever mechanism and a Transfer the isolating rod to a second of the two contact pieces. When switching off, the contact pieces are in opposite Directions moved. This results in a high contact separation speed reached.
  • US 4,973,806 A is a gas pressure switch with a switching chamber described in which during a switching operation by a Power transmission device driving energy from a mobile Contact via an insulating nozzle on a movable Transfer the erosion contact of a fixed contact becomes.
  • This pressure gas switch stands out unchanged retained from the moving contact and the insulating nozzle certain extinguishing geometry and low drive energy a high separation speed of the erosion contacts, whereby when switching off within a very short time between the Burning contacts a large insulating distance is formed.
  • the invention as set out in claim 1 lies the task is based on a gas switch at the beginning mentioned type while maintaining a high contact separation speed the required drive energy and the Reduce the diameter of the insulating gas-filled chamber.
  • the gas pressure switch according to the invention is characterized by this from that it has only low drive energy and low Driving force needed to turn off between the two Switching elements have a dielectric load-bearing insulating section to build. This is primarily a result of the appropriate arrangement of the speed converter on the force-absorbing contact.
  • the isolating section can then be actuated appropriately the functionally essential parts, such as the erosion and nominal current contact as well as shields, the force-absorbing contact extremely fast with a comparatively low driving force be formed.
  • the insulating gas-filled Chamber transverse to the direction of movement of the contact pieces small diameter.
  • the pressure gas switch according to the invention can therefore be particularly space-saving and compact are and are also characterized by comparative low product costs.
  • Figures 1 to 4 show this a top view of an axially guided cut a contact arrangement, each in one of four Embodiments of the compressed gas switch according to the invention is provided, the left part of each figure Gas switch is turned on and in the right part every character is just turned off.
  • two contact pieces 1, 2 are the Contact arrangement of a gas pressure switch shown. This Switching pieces are in an insulating gas filled, not shown and a cylindrical wall made of insulating material having switching chamber of a gas pressure switch arranged and are along or along an axis 3 with each other Intervention can be brought. Both contact pieces are essentially rotationally symmetrical and are each with a Power supply 4, 5 electrically connected. Both contact pieces 1 and 2 each have a nominal current 6 or 7 and an erosion contact 8 or 9.
  • the switching piece 1 can from a not shown, for example the erosion contact 8 acting drive along the axis 3 be moved and has a coaxial between rated current 6 and erosion contact 8 arranged insulating nozzle 10 with a Nozzle constriction 11 and one for storing compressed gas provided annular pressure chamber 12, which has a between the erosion contact 8 and the inner wall of the insulating nozzle 10 arranged ring channel 13 and the nozzle constriction 11 with a Exhaust chamber 14 is connectable.
  • the pressure chamber 12 is one radially outward and at the erosion contact 8 attached floor 15, the erosion contact 8 and one on the Bottom 15 attached hollow cylinder 16 with an upward conical tapered part.
  • the hollow cylinder 16 is off electrically conductive material is formed.
  • the floor is preferably also made of electrically conductive material, so as to be an electrically conductive connection between the shield 17 of the power supply 4 and the erosion contact 8 to ensure. If necessary such a connection can be omitted.
  • the rated current contact 6 is then advantageously star-shaped arranged, guided through the ring channel 13 conductor parts on Burn-up contact 8 attached.
  • the Insulating nozzle attached with one end such that the Fastening point of the insulating nozzle 10 coaxially from the nominal current contact 6 is surrounded.
  • the nominal current contact 6 then acts as Shielding and reduces the electric field at the Fastening point of the insulating nozzle 10.
  • a check valve 18 arranged in the bottom 15 of the pressure chamber 12 in the bottom 15 of the pressure chamber 12 , which is a gas flow from a compression space 19 a piston-cylinder compression device in the pressure chamber 12 allows and prevented in the opposite direction.
  • a piston-cylinder compression device in the pressure chamber 12 allows and prevented in the opposite direction.
  • the Compression chamber 19 is sliding in a gastight manner in the Shield 17 guided floor 15, the shield 17, one in shield 17 and a pressure control device 20 load-bearing cylinder bottom and the gas-tight sliding through the Cylinder bottom guided erosion contact 8 is formed.
  • the erosion contact 8 is preferably designed as a nozzle and has at its free end one of erosion-resistant contact material formed nozzle opening, in the on position (left part of Fig.1) the one designed as a pin Burning contact 9 of the contact piece 2 to form a frictional connection Contact overlap has penetrated.
  • the consumable end of the drive has the erosion contact 8 Gas outlet openings that line its interior with the exhaust space 14 connect.
  • the insulating nozzle 10 carries on the switching piece 2 facing End of a shield 21 coaxially surrounding the insulating nozzle 10. This shield reduces the electric field in the dielectric and mechanically highly loaded upper end of the insulating nozzle 10.
  • the shield 21 carries two parallel to the axis 3 arranged racks 22 of an element which is the transmission one generated by the drive and via the contact piece 1 force in the insulating nozzle 10 to the switching piece 2 is used.
  • the racks 22 are part of a rack and pinion gear two gear wheels 23 rotatably mounted about fixed axes, each of which on the one hand one of the two racks 22 and on the other hand, a toothed rack 24 provided with double teeth combs, which is arranged parallel to axis 3 and in the Abbrandcard 9 or a non-positively connected to this Part is incorporated.
  • the drive from the switch 1, the insulating nozzle 10 and the transmission element designed as a rack and pinion gear the erosion contact 9 is guided by a force another transmission element acting current conductor 25, which the erosion contact 9 rigid with the nominal current contact 7 and / or a shield of this contact couples to the nominal current contact 7 led.
  • the nominal current contact 7 and / or its Shielding are hollow cylindrical and are on the External surface slidably contacted with a fixed Shield 26 of the switching element 2 acting hollow cylindrical Part of the power supply 5.
  • the rated current contact 7 and / or its shield surround the in the on position Burning contact 8, the insulating nozzle 10 and the nominal current contact 6 coaxial and shield the erosion contact in the switch-off position 9 and the force rejection of the insulating nozzle 10 in the area the shield 21 in addition.
  • the electrical field is switched off by the Nominal current contact 7 or its shielding at the location of the insulating nozzle 10 reduced even further since the nominal current contact 7 the shield 21 encloses.
  • Another improvement of the Course of the electrical field between the separated Contact pieces 1, 2 is replaced by contact pieces 1, 2 surrounding shields 17 and 26 reached.
  • Gas pressure switch is a multiple movement of Parts of the contact piece 2 achieved in that a transmission element provided with two converters connected in series is. Both converters are designed as gearboxes and are are interconnected such that they are non-linear Transfer movement to contact 2.
  • a first one both gears have a rotatable around a fixed axis stored gear 30 and a corresponding to the Racks 22 in the embodiment of Figure 1 on the Shield 17 attached and arranged parallel to the axis Rack 31, which cooperates with the gear 30.
  • a the second of the two transmissions contains a crank with one Crank arm 32, one end of the gear 30 and the the other end is articulated at the top of the erosion contact 9.
  • the thrust crank executes an angle of rotation of less than 180 during a switching operation
  • the erosion contact 9 and the rated current contact 7 and / or its shielding are displaced in a one-sided, non-linear movement in opposite directions to the first contact piece 1.
  • the non-linear movement is expediently carried out in such a way that the contact separation speed is high at the moment when the erosion contacts are separated, and that the contact separation speed is then reduced, for example after a separation distance corresponding to the required insulation distance has been reached.
  • This can advantageously be achieved in that the crank arm 32 of the push crank forms a relatively small angle with the axis 3 in the switched-on position, at least the deflection ⁇ c of the push crank should be less than 45.
  • the switching piece 2 Since the crank arm 32 is then in the region of a dead position of the push crank, the switching piece 2 is initially accelerated slowly. This favors the use of a small drive. After opening the nominal current contacts 6, 7, the angle between the crank arm 32 and the axis 3 increases increasingly. The opening of the erosion contacts 8, 9 then takes place at a high separation speed. If the insulation distance between the erosion contacts 8, 9 is sufficiently large, the push crank approaches its top dead center. The contact separation speed is then considerably reduced. The lengthening of the switching arc 27 is delayed by such a sequence of movements and thus the energy converted in the switching arc and conveyed into the exhaust space 14 is considerably reduced.
  • the sliding crank has, in addition to the crank arm 32, a further crank arm 33, one end of which is articulated on the gear 30 and the other end of which is connected to the current conductor 25.
  • the current conductor 25 is electrically conductively connected to the erosion contact 9 via a sliding contact (not shown).
  • the speeds of the erosion contact 9 and the rated current contact 7 can be determined relative to one another by suitable articulation of the crank arms 32 and 33. It can be seen from FIG. 3 that the crank arm 32 is hinged on the outside and the crank arm 33 is articulated on the gearwheel 30 near the axis, and that, in the switched-on position, the articulation points are in the region of the dead position of the push crank and with the axis 3 a relatively small angle Include ⁇ c .
  • the erosion contact 9 and the rated current contact 7 are initially accelerated slowly in accordance with the embodiment according to FIG. This favors the use of a small-sized drive, which can use its force mainly to overcome contact forces caused by friction.
  • the angle ⁇ c between the articulation points of the crank arms 32 and 33 and the axis 3 increases increasingly. Because of the greater distance of the articulation point of the crank arm 32 from the axis of the gear wheel 30, the speed of the erosion contact 9 increases visibly compared to the speed of the rated current contact 7.
  • Driving force is now mainly used to overcome contact forces between the erosion contacts 8, 9 caused by frictional engagement and to accelerate the contact piece 2.
  • a large part of the force applied to accelerate the contact piece 2 serves to accelerate the erosion contact 9.
  • the erosion contacts 8, 9 then open at a high separation speed.
  • the nominal current contacts 6, 7 are at a distance from one another in which reignitions can be avoided with certainty. If the insulation distance between the erosion contacts 8, 9 and the rated current contacts 6, 7 is sufficiently large, the push crank approaches its top dead center and the contact separation speed is then considerably reduced, as in the embodiment according to FIG. 2. Finally, the crank is guided in a position where a comparatively large angle ⁇ o forms in which they accordance with according to the embodiment of Figure 2 with the axis of the third
  • gear 30 is coupled to a coupling disk whose Radius is larger than the radius of the gear 30, so can by moving the articulation point of the crank arm 32 to an absolute speed of the erosion contact 9 can be achieved, which is higher than the absolute speed the shield 21 of the insulating nozzle 10 and the erosion contact 8.
  • the absolute speed of the erosion contact 8 between the absolute speeds of the erosion contact 9 and nominal current contact 7 are or even smaller than each of these two speeds. Then it is above one compressed gas from the compression space 19 available, causing a longer blowing of the switching arc 27 is made possible.
  • FIG Gas pressure switches are those in connection with the Embodiment described according to Figure 3 different Burning contact 9, rated current contact 7 and Shielding the insulating nozzle 10 by a gear transmission achieved, which in addition to that in the embodiment according to 1 racks 22 and gears 23 provided in pairs additionally two gears 34 and 35 and two others Racks 36 has.
  • the two of the racks 22 driven gears 23 each roll on one of the from two gears 34, which in turn each on one of the two racks 36 and one of the two gears Roll off 35.
  • the gears 35 each have a common one Axis with gears 37, which are each on opposite sides on the with the erosion contact 9 Roll connected rack 24.
  • the racks 22 are guided downward while doing so the gears 23 rotated.
  • Each of the gears 23 now turns that assigned gear 34 in the opposite direction.
  • the racks 36 and the attached to it Rated current contact 7 shifted upwards (arrows in Fig. 4).
  • the gears 35 and thus also now the gears 37 rotated such that the rack 24 and so that the erosion contact 9 is also moved upwards (Arrows in Fig. 4).
  • the gears can easily run at any speed of erosion contact 9 and nominal current contact 7 relative to each other and to the speed of the drive or the Shield 21 can be achieved.

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  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)

Description

TECHNISCHES GEBIETTECHNICAL AREA

Bei der Erfindung wird ausgegangen von einem Druckgasschalter nach dem einleitenden Teil von Patentanspruch 1. Ein derartiger Druckgasschalter wird bevorzugt als Leistungsschalter in Hochspannungsnetzen verwendet.The invention is based on a gas pressure switch according to the introductory part of claim 1. Such Compressed gas switch is preferred as a circuit breaker in high voltage networks used.

STAND DER TECHNIKSTATE OF THE ART

Die Erfindung nimmt dabei auf einen Stand der Technik Bezug, wie er sich beispielsweise aus einem Bericht von H.Toda et al. "Development of 550 kV 1-break GCB (part II) - Development of Prototype" IEEE 92 SM 578-5 PWRD ergibt. In diesem Stand der Technik ist ein Druckgasschalter mit zwei in einer isoliergasgefüllten Kammer angeordneten beweglichen Schaltstücken und mit einer beim Ausschalten Löschgas erzeugenden Kolben-Zylinder-Kompressionsvorrichtung beschrieben. Bei diesem Schalter wird Antriebsenergie von einem ersten beider Schaltstücke über einen als Geschwindigkeitswandler wirkenden Hebelmechanismus und eine Isolierstange auf ein zweites beider Schaltstücke übertragen. Beim Ausschalten werden die Schaltstücke in entgegengesetzten Richtungen bewegt. Hierdurch wird eine hohe Kontakttrenngeschwindigkeit erreicht. Gegenüber einem entsprechend bemessenen und die gleiche Kontakttrenngeschwindigkeit aufweisenden Druckgasschalter, bei dem jedoch lediglich eines der beiden Schaltstücke bewegt wird, kann so Antriebsenergie eingespart werden. Der Hebelmechanismus und die Isolierstange vergrössern den Durchmesser der Kammer quer zur Bewegungsrichtung der Schaltstücke jedoch erheblich.The invention relates to a prior art, as derived from a report by H.Toda et al. "Development of 550 kV 1-break GCB (part II) - Development of Prototype "IEEE 92 SM 578-5 PWRD results Technology is a gas pressure switch with two in an insulating gas filled Chamber arranged movable contacts and with a piston-cylinder compression device that generates extinguishing gas when switched off described. This switch will Driving energy from a first of two contact pieces via one as a speed converter lever mechanism and a Transfer the isolating rod to a second of the two contact pieces. When switching off, the contact pieces are in opposite Directions moved. This results in a high contact separation speed reached. Appropriate to one rated and the same contact separation speed Compressed gas switch, but only one of the two contact pieces is moved, this can drive energy be saved. The lever mechanism and the isolating rod increase the diameter of the chamber transverse to the direction of movement the contact pieces considerably.

In US 4,973,806 A ist ein Druckgasschalter mit einer Schaltkammer beschrieben, in der bei einem Schaltvorgang durch eine Kraftübertragungsvorrichtung Antriebsenergie von einem beweglichen Schaltstück über eine Isolierdüse auf einen beweglichen Abbrandkontakt eines feststehenden Schaltstücks übertragen wird. Dieser Druckgasschalter zeichnet sich bei unverändert beibehaltener, vom beweglichen Schaltstück und der Isolierdüse bestimmter Löschgeometrie und geringer Antriebsenergie durch eine hohe Trenngeschwindigkeit der Abbrandkontakte aus, wodurch beim Ausschalten innerhalb kürzester Zeit zwischen den Abbrandkontakten eine grosse Isolierstrecke gebildet wird.In US 4,973,806 A is a gas pressure switch with a switching chamber described in which during a switching operation by a Power transmission device driving energy from a mobile Contact via an insulating nozzle on a movable Transfer the erosion contact of a fixed contact becomes. This pressure gas switch stands out unchanged retained from the moving contact and the insulating nozzle certain extinguishing geometry and low drive energy a high separation speed of the erosion contacts, whereby when switching off within a very short time between the Burning contacts a large insulating distance is formed.

KURZE DARSTELLUNG DER ERFINDUNGSUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Der Erfindung, wie sie in Patentanspruch 1 angegeben ist, liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, bei einem Druckgasschalter der eingangs genannten Art unter Beibehaltung einer hohen Kontakttrenngeschwindigkeit die erforderliche Antriebsenergie sowie den Durchmesser der isoliergasgefüllten Kammer zu verringern.The invention as set out in claim 1 lies the task is based on a gas switch at the beginning mentioned type while maintaining a high contact separation speed the required drive energy and the Reduce the diameter of the insulating gas-filled chamber.

Der Druckgasschalter nach der Erfindung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass er lediglich geringe Antriebsenergie und geringe Antriebskraft benötigt, um beim Ausschalten zwischen den beiden Schaltstücken eine dielektrisch hoch belastbare Isolierstrecke zu bilden. Dies ist vor allem eine Folge der geeigneten Anordnung des Geschwindigkeitswandlers am kraftaufnehmenden Schaltstück. Die Isolierstrecke kann dann durch geeignete Ansteuerung der funktionell wesentlichen Teile, wie Abbrand- und Nennstromkontakt sowie Abschirmungen, des kraftaufnehmenden Schaltstücks äusserst rasch mit einer vergleichsweise geringen Antriebskraft gebildet werden. Darüber hinaus weist die isoliergasgefüllte Kammer quer zur Bewegungsrichtung der Schaltstücke einen geringen Durchmesser auf. Der erfindungsgemässe Druckgasschalter kann daher besonders raumsparend und kompakt ausgebildet werden und zeichnet sich darüber hinaus durch vergleichsweise geringe Produktkosten aus.The gas pressure switch according to the invention is characterized by this from that it has only low drive energy and low Driving force needed to turn off between the two Switching elements have a dielectric load-bearing insulating section to build. This is primarily a result of the appropriate arrangement of the speed converter on the force-absorbing contact. The isolating section can then be actuated appropriately the functionally essential parts, such as the erosion and nominal current contact as well as shields, the force-absorbing contact extremely fast with a comparatively low driving force be formed. In addition, the insulating gas-filled Chamber transverse to the direction of movement of the contact pieces small diameter. The pressure gas switch according to the invention can therefore be particularly space-saving and compact are and are also characterized by comparative low product costs.

KURZE BESCHREIBUNG DER ZEICHNUNGENBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung und die damit erzielbaren weiteren Vorteile werden nachfolgend anhand von Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Hierbei zeigen die Figuren 1 bis 4 jeweils eine Aufsicht auf einen axial geführten Schnitt durch eine Kontaktanordnung, welche jeweils in einer von vier Ausführungsformen des erfindungsgemässen Druckgasschalters vorgesehen ist, wobei im links gelegenen Teil jeder Figur der Druckgasschalter eingeschaltet ist und im rechts gelegenen Teil jeder Figur gerade ausgeschaltet wird.Preferred embodiments of the invention and the so achievable further advantages are described below with the aid of Drawings explained in more detail. Figures 1 to 4 show this a top view of an axially guided cut a contact arrangement, each in one of four Embodiments of the compressed gas switch according to the invention is provided, the left part of each figure Gas switch is turned on and in the right part every character is just turned off.

WEGE ZUR AUSFÜHRUNG DER ERFINDUNGWAYS OF CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

In allen Figuren bezeichnen gleiche Bezugszeichen auch gleichwirkende Teile. In Fig.1 sind zwei Schaltstücke 1, 2 der Kontaktanordnung eines Druckgasschalters dargestellt. Diese Schaltstücke sind in einer nicht dargestellten, isoliergasgefüllten und eine zylinderförmige Wand aus Isoliermaterial aufweisenden Schaltkammer eines Druckgasschalters angeordnet und sind längs einer Achse 3 miteinander in oder ausser Eingriff bringbar. Beide Schaltstücke sind im wesentlichen rotationssymmetrisch ausgebildet und sind jeweils mit einer Stromzuführung 4, 5 elektrisch leitend verbunden. Beide Schaltstücke 1 bzw. 2 weisen jeweils einen Nennstrom- 6 bzw. 7 und einen Abbrandkontakt 8 bzw. 9 auf. In all figures, the same reference symbols also designate the same Parts. In Fig.1, two contact pieces 1, 2 are the Contact arrangement of a gas pressure switch shown. This Switching pieces are in an insulating gas filled, not shown and a cylindrical wall made of insulating material having switching chamber of a gas pressure switch arranged and are along or along an axis 3 with each other Intervention can be brought. Both contact pieces are essentially rotationally symmetrical and are each with a Power supply 4, 5 electrically connected. Both contact pieces 1 and 2 each have a nominal current 6 or 7 and an erosion contact 8 or 9.

Das Schaltstück 1 kann von einem nicht dargestellten, etwa auf den Abbrandkontakt 8 wirkenden Antrieb längs der Achse 3 verschoben werden und weist eine koaxial zwischen Nennstrom- 6 und Abbrandkontakt 8 angeordnete Isolierdüse 10 mit einer Düsenengstelle 11 auf sowie einen zum Speichern von Druckgas vorgesehenen, ringförmigen Druckraum 12, welcher über einen zwischen Abbrandkontakt 8 und Innenwand der Isolierdüse 10 angeordneten Ringkanal 13 und die Düsenengstelle 11 mit einem Auspuffraum 14 verbindbar ist. Der Druckraum 12 ist von einem radial nach aussen verlaufenden und am Abbrandkontakt 8 befestigten Boden 15, dem Abbrandkontakt 8 und einem auf den Boden 15 aufgesetzten Hohlzylinder 16 mit einem sich nach oben konisch verjüngenden Teil gebildet. Der Hohlzylinder 16 ist aus elektrisch leitendem Material gebildet. Seine Aussenfläche ist gleitend kontaktiert mit einem als feststehende Abschirmung 17 des Schaltstücks 1 wirkenden hohlzylinderförmigen Teil der Stromzuführung 4. Der Boden ist vorzugsweise ebenfalls aus elektrisch leitendem Material gebildet, um so eine elektrisch leitende Verbindung zwischen der Abschirmung 17 der Stromzuführung 4 und dem Abbrandkontakt 8 zu gewährleisten. Gegebenfalls kann eine solche Verbindung aber entfallen. Der Nennstromkontakt 6 ist dann mit Vorteil über sternförmig angeordnete, durch den Ringkanal 13 geführte Leiterteile am Abbrandkontakt 8 befestigt. Am Nennstromkontakt 6 ist die Isolierdüse mit ihrem einen Ende derart befestigt, dass die Befestigungsstelle der Isolierdüse 10 koaxial vom Nennstromkontakt 6 umgeben ist. Der Nennstromkontakt 6 wirkt dann als Abschirmung und reduziert das elektrische Feld an der Befestigungsstelle der Isolierdüse 10.The switching piece 1 can from a not shown, for example the erosion contact 8 acting drive along the axis 3 be moved and has a coaxial between rated current 6 and erosion contact 8 arranged insulating nozzle 10 with a Nozzle constriction 11 and one for storing compressed gas provided annular pressure chamber 12, which has a between the erosion contact 8 and the inner wall of the insulating nozzle 10 arranged ring channel 13 and the nozzle constriction 11 with a Exhaust chamber 14 is connectable. The pressure chamber 12 is one radially outward and at the erosion contact 8 attached floor 15, the erosion contact 8 and one on the Bottom 15 attached hollow cylinder 16 with an upward conical tapered part. The hollow cylinder 16 is off electrically conductive material is formed. Its outer surface is slidingly contacted with a fixed shield 17 of the contact piece 1 acting hollow cylindrical part of the Power supply 4. The floor is preferably also made of electrically conductive material, so as to be an electrically conductive connection between the shield 17 of the power supply 4 and the erosion contact 8 to ensure. If necessary such a connection can be omitted. The rated current contact 6 is then advantageously star-shaped arranged, guided through the ring channel 13 conductor parts on Burn-up contact 8 attached. At the nominal current contact 6 is the Insulating nozzle attached with one end such that the Fastening point of the insulating nozzle 10 coaxially from the nominal current contact 6 is surrounded. The nominal current contact 6 then acts as Shielding and reduces the electric field at the Fastening point of the insulating nozzle 10.

Im Boden 15 des Druckraums 12 ist ein Rückschlagventil 18 angeordnet, welches eine Gasströmung von einem Kompressionsraum 19 einer Kolben-Zylinder-Kompressionsvorrichtung in den Druckraum 12 ermöglicht und in umgekehrter Richtung verhindert. Der Kompressionsraum 19 ist von dem gasdicht gleitend in der Abschirmung 17 geführten Boden 15, der Abschirmung 17, einem in der Abschirmung 17 befestigten und eine Drucksteuervorrichtung 20 tragenden Zylinderboden und dem gasdicht gleitend durch den Zylinderboden geführten Abbrandkontakt 8 gebildet.In the bottom 15 of the pressure chamber 12 there is a check valve 18 arranged, which is a gas flow from a compression space 19 a piston-cylinder compression device in the pressure chamber 12 allows and prevented in the opposite direction. Of the Compression chamber 19 is sliding in a gastight manner in the Shield 17 guided floor 15, the shield 17, one in shield 17 and a pressure control device 20 load-bearing cylinder bottom and the gas-tight sliding through the Cylinder bottom guided erosion contact 8 is formed.

Der Abbrandkontakt 8 ist vorzugsweise als Düse ausgebildet und weist an seinem freien Ende eine von abbrandfestem Kontaktmaterial gebildete Düsenöffnung auf, in die in der Einschaltstellung (linker Teil von Fig.1) der als Stift ausgebildete Abbrandkontakt 9 des Schaltstücks 2 unter Bildung einer reibschlüssigen Kontaktüberlappung eingedrungen ist. An seinem vom Antrieb beaufschlagten anderen Ende weist der Abbrandkontakt 8 Gasaustrittsöffnungen auf, die sein Inneres mit dem Auspuffraum 14 verbinden.The erosion contact 8 is preferably designed as a nozzle and has at its free end one of erosion-resistant contact material formed nozzle opening, in the on position (left part of Fig.1) the one designed as a pin Burning contact 9 of the contact piece 2 to form a frictional connection Contact overlap has penetrated. On his from The consumable end of the drive has the erosion contact 8 Gas outlet openings that line its interior with the exhaust space 14 connect.

Die Isolierdüse 10 trägt an ihrem dem Schaltstück 2 zugewandten Ende eine die Isolierdüse 10 koaxial umgebende Abschirmung 21. Diese Abschirmung reduziert das elektrische Feld im dielektrisch und mechanisch hoch belasteten oberen Ende der Isolierdüse 10. Die Abschirmung 21 trägt zwei parallel zur Achse 3 angeordnete Zahnstangen 22 eines Elementes, welches der Übertragung einer vom Antrieb erzeugten und über das Schaltstück 1 in die Isolierdüse 10 geführten Kraft zum Schaltstück 2 dient. Die Zahnstangen 22 sind Teil eines Zahnstangengetriebes mit zwei um feststehende Achsen drehbar gelagerten Zahnrädern 23, von denen jedes einerseits eine der beiden Zahnstangen 22 und andererseits eine mit doppelter Zahnung versehene Zahnstange 24 kämmt, welche parallel zur Achse 3 angeordnet ist und in den Abbrandkontakt 9 oder ein mit diesem kraftschlüssig verbundenes Teil eingearbeitet ist.The insulating nozzle 10 carries on the switching piece 2 facing End of a shield 21 coaxially surrounding the insulating nozzle 10. This shield reduces the electric field in the dielectric and mechanically highly loaded upper end of the insulating nozzle 10. The shield 21 carries two parallel to the axis 3 arranged racks 22 of an element which is the transmission one generated by the drive and via the contact piece 1 force in the insulating nozzle 10 to the switching piece 2 is used. The racks 22 are part of a rack and pinion gear two gear wheels 23 rotatably mounted about fixed axes, each of which on the one hand one of the two racks 22 and on the other hand, a toothed rack 24 provided with double teeth combs, which is arranged parallel to axis 3 and in the Abbrandkontakt 9 or a non-positively connected to this Part is incorporated.

Die vom Antrieb über das Schaltstück 1, die Isolierdüse 10 und das als Zahnstangengetriebe ausgebildete Übertragungselement an den Abbrandkontakt 9 geführte Kraft wird über einen als weiteres Übertragungselement wirkenden Stromleiter 25, welcher den Abbrandkontakt 9 starr mit dem Nennstromkontakt 7 und/oder einer Abschirmung dieses Kontaktes koppelt, an den Nennstromkontakt 7 geführt. Der Nennstromkontakt 7 und/oder dessen Abschirmung sind hohlzylinderförmig ausgebildet und sind an der Aussenfläche gleitend kontaktiert mit einem als feststehende Abschirmung 26 des Schaltstücks 2 wirkenden hohlzylinderförmigen Teil der Stromzuführung 5. Der Nennstromkontakt 7 und/oder dessen Abschirmung umgeben in der Einschaltstellung den Abbrandkontakt 8, die Isolierdüse 10 und den Nennstromkontakt 6 koaxial und schirmen in der Ausschaltposition den Abbrandkontakt 9 und die Kraftausleitung der Isolierdüse 10 im Bereich der Abschirmung 21 zusätzlich ab.The drive from the switch 1, the insulating nozzle 10 and the transmission element designed as a rack and pinion gear the erosion contact 9 is guided by a force another transmission element acting current conductor 25, which the erosion contact 9 rigid with the nominal current contact 7 and / or a shield of this contact couples to the nominal current contact 7 led. The nominal current contact 7 and / or its Shielding are hollow cylindrical and are on the External surface slidably contacted with a fixed Shield 26 of the switching element 2 acting hollow cylindrical Part of the power supply 5. The rated current contact 7 and / or its shield surround the in the on position Burning contact 8, the insulating nozzle 10 and the nominal current contact 6 coaxial and shield the erosion contact in the switch-off position 9 and the force rejection of the insulating nozzle 10 in the area the shield 21 in addition.

In der Einschaltstellung (linker Teil von Fig.1) sind die beiden Schaltstücke 1, 2 miteinander in Eingriff und es fliesst der abzuschaltende Strom von der Abschirmung 17 der Stromzuführung 4 über den Hohlzylinder 16 und die einander kontaktierenden Nennstromkontakte 6, 7 zur Abschirmung 26 der Stromzuführung 5. Beim Ausschalten wird das Schaltstück 1 und die daran befestigte Isolierdüse 10 durch den nicht dargestellten Antrieb nach unten geführt. Über die Isolierdüse 10 wird zugleich Kraft auf die Zahnstangen 22 übertragen. Diese Zahnstangen werden ebenfalls nach unten bewegt und wirken auf die Zahnräder 23, die ihrerseits nun die Zahnstange 24 und damit den Abbrandkontakt 9 nach oben führen. Da der Abbrandkontakt 9 über den Stromleiter 25 starr mit dem Nennstromkontakt 7 und/oder mit der den Nennstromkontakt 7 umgebenden Abschirmung verbunden ist, werden nun auch der Nennstromkontakt 7 und/oder die ihn umgebende Abschirmung nach oben bewegt. Nach einem vorgegebenen Hub trennen sich die beiden Nennstromkontakte 6, 7. Der abzuschaltende Strom kommutiert nun in einen durch den Boden 15, die einander noch kontaktierenden Abbrandkontakte 8, 9 und den Stromleiter 25 gebildeten Strompfad. Nach einem weiteren Hub trennen sich nun auch die beiden Abbrandkontakte 8, 9 unter Bildung eines Schaltlichtbogens 27 (rechte Hälfte von Fig.1). Von der Energie des Schaltlichtbogens 27 aufgeheiztes Isoliergas wird im Druckraum 12 gespeichert, ohne dass dafür Antriebsenergie vom Schalterantrieb aufgebracht werden muss. Zugleich wird durch den zusammen mit dem Abbrandkontakt 8 nach unten geführten Boden 15 im Kompressionsraum 19 befindliches Isoliergas verdichtet. Das in den Räumen 12 und 19 befindliche komprimierte Gas dient bei Annäherung des Stroms an einen Nulldurchgang der Beblasung des Schaltlichtbogens.In the on position (left part of Fig.1) are the two contact pieces 1, 2 engage with each other and it flows the current to be switched off from the shield 17 of the power supply 4 on the hollow cylinder 16 and the contacting Rated current contacts 6, 7 for shielding 26 the power supply 5. When switching off, the contact 1 and the attached insulation nozzle 10 by the not shown Drive guided downwards. About the insulating nozzle 10 is transmit power to the racks 22 at the same time. These racks are also moved down and act on the Gears 23, which in turn are now the rack 24 and thus Guide the erosion contact 9 upwards. Since the erosion contact 9 via the current conductor 25 rigid with the nominal current contact 7 and / or with the shield surrounding the nominal current contact 7 is connected, the nominal current contact 7 and / or the shield surrounding it moves up. After one predetermined stroke separate the two nominal current contacts 6, 7. The current to be switched off now commutates into one through the Bottom 15, the erosion contacts 8 still contacting each other, 9 and the current conductor 25 formed current path. After one another stroke, the two erosion contacts now separate 8, 9 to form a switching arc 27 (right half from Fig.1). Heated by the energy of the switching arc 27 Insulating gas is stored in the pressure chamber 12 without for this, drive energy is applied by the switch drive got to. At the same time, together with the erosion contact 8 down floor 15 located in the compression space 19 Insulating gas compressed. That in rooms 12 and 19 Compressed gas is used when the current approaches a zero crossing of the blowing of the switching arc.

Bedingt durch die gegenläufige Bewegung der beiden Abbrandkontakte 8, 9 und der beiden Nennstromkontakte 6, 7 wird bei der Kontakttrennnung eine hohe Kontakttrenngeschwindigkeit erreicht. Durch diese hohe Kontakttrenngeschwindigkeit ist sichergestellt, dass die Isolierdistanzen zwischen den Abbrandkontakten 8, 9 und den Nennstromkontakten 6, 7 rasch gross genug sind, um der wiederkehrenden Spannung standhalten zu können. Durch die zugleich mitbewegte Abschirmung 21 und den als Abschirmung wirkenden Nennstromkontakt 6 ist zugleich gewährleistet, dass an den kraftführenden Stellen der Isolierdüse 10 das von der wiederkehrenden Spannung hervorgerufene Feld reduziert wird.Due to the opposite movement of the two erosion contacts 8, 9 and the two nominal current contacts 6, 7 is at the contact separation a high contact separation speed reached. Due to this high contact separation speed ensures that the isolation distances between the Burning contacts 8, 9 and the rated current contacts 6, 7 quickly are large enough to withstand the recurring tension to be able to. By the simultaneously moving shield 21 and the acting as a shielding current contact 6 is at the same time ensures that at the power-carrying points of the insulating nozzle 10 that caused by the recurring tension Field is reduced.

Das elektrische Feld wird in der Ausschaltstellung durch den Nennstromkontakt 7 bzw. seine Abschirmung am Ort der Isolierdüse 10 noch weiter reduziert, da der Nennstromkontakt 7 dann die Abschirmung 21 umschliesst. Eine weitere Verbesserung des Verlaufs des elektrischen Feldes zwischen den getrennten Schaltstücken 1, 2 wird durch die die Schaltstücke 1, 2 umgebenden Abschirmungen 17 und 26 erreicht.The electrical field is switched off by the Nominal current contact 7 or its shielding at the location of the insulating nozzle 10 reduced even further since the nominal current contact 7 the shield 21 encloses. Another improvement of the Course of the electrical field between the separated Contact pieces 1, 2 is replaced by contact pieces 1, 2 surrounding shields 17 and 26 reached.

Bei der in Fig.2 dargestellten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Druckgasschalters wird eine Mehrfachbewegung von Teilen des Schaltstücks 2 dadurch erreicht, dass ein Übertragungselement mit zwei in Serie geschalteten Wandlern vorgesehen ist. Beide Wandler sind als Getriebe ausgebildet und sind derart zusammengeschaltet sind, dass sie eine nichtlineare Bewegung auf das Schaltstück 2 übertragen. Ein erstes der beiden Getriebe weist ein um eine feststehende Achse drehbar gelagertes Zahnrad 30 auf sowie eine entsprechend den Zahnstangen 22 bei der Ausführungsform gemäss Fig.1 an der Abschirmung 17 befestigte und parallel zur Achse angeordnete Zahnstange 31, welche mit dem Zahnrad 30 zusammenwirkt. Ein zweites beider Getriebe enthält eine Schubkurbel mit einem Kurbelarm 32, dessen eines Ende am Zahnrad 30 und dessen anderes Endes oben am Abbrandkontakt 9 angelenkt ist.In the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG Gas pressure switch is a multiple movement of Parts of the contact piece 2 achieved in that a transmission element provided with two converters connected in series is. Both converters are designed as gearboxes and are are interconnected such that they are non-linear Transfer movement to contact 2. A first one both gears have a rotatable around a fixed axis stored gear 30 and a corresponding to the Racks 22 in the embodiment of Figure 1 on the Shield 17 attached and arranged parallel to the axis Rack 31, which cooperates with the gear 30. A the second of the two transmissions contains a crank with one Crank arm 32, one end of the gear 30 and the the other end is articulated at the top of the erosion contact 9.

Führt bei dieser Ausführungsform die Schubkurbel bei einem Schaltvorgang einen Drehwinkel von weniger als 180 aus, so werden der Abbrandkontakt 9 und der Nennstromkontakt 7 und/oder dessen Abschirmung in einer einseitig gerichteten, nichtlinearen Bewegung gegenläufig zum ersten Schaltstück 1 verschoben. Zweckmässigerweise wird die nichtlineare Bewegung so ausgeführt, dass im Moment der Trennung der Abbrandkontakte die Kontakttrenngeschwindigkeit hoch ist, und dass anschliessend - etwa nach Erreichen einer der erforderlichen Isolierdistanz entsprechenden Trennstrecke - die Kontakttrenngeschwindigkeit herabgesetzt wird. Dies lässt sich mit Vorteil dadurch erreichen, dass der Kurbelarm 32 der Schubkurbel in der Einschaltstellung mit der Achse 3 einen relativ kleinen Winkel einschliesst, zumindest sollte die Auslenkung αc der Schubkurbel kleiner 45 sein. Da der Kurbelarm 32 sich dann im Bereich einer Totlage der Schubkurbel befindet, wird das Schaltstück 2 zunächst langsam beschleunigt. Dies begünstigt die Verwendung eines klein bemessenen Antriebs. Nach dem Öffnen der Nennstromkontakte 6, 7 vergrössert sich der Winkel zwischen dem Kurbelarm 32 und der Achse 3 zunehmend. Das Öffnen der Abbrandkontakte 8, 9 erfolgt dann mit hoher Trenngeschwindigkeit. Bei ausreichend grossem Isolationsabstand zwischen den Abbrandkontakten 8, 9 nähert sich die Schubkurbel ihrer oberen Totlage. Die Kontakttrenngeschwindigkeit ist dann beträchtlich herabgesetzt. Durch einen solchen Bewegungsablauf wird die Verlängerung des Schaltlichtbogens 27 verzögert und wird somit auch die im Schaltlichtbogen umgesetzte und in den Auspuffraum 14 beförderte Energie erheblich reduziert. If in this embodiment the thrust crank executes an angle of rotation of less than 180 during a switching operation, the erosion contact 9 and the rated current contact 7 and / or its shielding are displaced in a one-sided, non-linear movement in opposite directions to the first contact piece 1. The non-linear movement is expediently carried out in such a way that the contact separation speed is high at the moment when the erosion contacts are separated, and that the contact separation speed is then reduced, for example after a separation distance corresponding to the required insulation distance has been reached. This can advantageously be achieved in that the crank arm 32 of the push crank forms a relatively small angle with the axis 3 in the switched-on position, at least the deflection α c of the push crank should be less than 45. Since the crank arm 32 is then in the region of a dead position of the push crank, the switching piece 2 is initially accelerated slowly. This favors the use of a small drive. After opening the nominal current contacts 6, 7, the angle between the crank arm 32 and the axis 3 increases increasingly. The opening of the erosion contacts 8, 9 then takes place at a high separation speed. If the insulation distance between the erosion contacts 8, 9 is sufficiently large, the push crank approaches its top dead center. The contact separation speed is then considerably reduced. The lengthening of the switching arc 27 is delayed by such a sequence of movements and thus the energy converted in the switching arc and conveyed into the exhaust space 14 is considerably reduced.

Bei der in Fig.3 dargestellten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Druckgasschalters werden gegenüber der Ausführungsform gemäss Fig.2 bei einem Ausschaltvorgang zusätzlich unterschiedliche Geschwindigkeiten von Abbrandkontakt 9, Nennstromkontakt 7 und Abschirmung der Isolierdüse 10 erreicht. Hierdurch kann die von Antrieb aufgebrachte Kraft noch besser dosiert und der zum Ausschalten erforderliche Kraftaufwand weiter reduziert werden. Beim Einschaltvorgang ermöglicht diese Ausführungsform eine vom Abbrandzustand der Abbrandkontakte 8, 9 unabhängige sichere Vorzündung zwischen den Abbrandkontakten und trägt dadurch wesentlich zu einer Verlängerung der Lebensdauer des Schalters bei. Zu diesem Zweck weist die Schubkurbel neben dem Kurbelarm 32 noch einen weiteren Kurbelarm 33 auf, dessen eines Ende am Zahnrad 30 und dessen anderes Ende am Stromleiter 25 angelenkt ist. Der Stromleiter 25 ist über einen nicht dargestellten Gleitkontakt mit dem Abbrandkontakt 9 elektrisch leitend verbunden. Durch geeignete Anlenkung der Kurbelarme 32 und 33 können die Geschwindigkeiten von Abbrandkontakt 9 und Nennstromkontakt 7 relativ zueinander festgelegt werden. Aus Fig.3 ist ersichtlich, dass der Kurbelarm 32 aussen und der Kurbelarm 33 nahe der Achse am Zahnrad 30 angelenkt sind, und dass ferner in der Einschaltstellung die Anlenkstellen sich im Bereich der Totlage der Schubkurbel befinden und mit der Achse 3 einen relativ kleinen Winkel αc einschliessen.In the embodiment of the compressed gas switch according to the invention shown in FIG. 3, different speeds of the erosion contact 9, the nominal current contact 7 and the shielding of the insulating nozzle 10 are additionally achieved in a switch-off process compared to the embodiment according to FIG. As a result, the force exerted by the drive can be metered even better and the force required to switch off can be further reduced. When switching on, this embodiment enables a safe pre-ignition between the erosion contacts, independent of the erosion state of the erosion contacts 8, 9, and thereby contributes significantly to an extension of the service life of the switch. For this purpose, the sliding crank has, in addition to the crank arm 32, a further crank arm 33, one end of which is articulated on the gear 30 and the other end of which is connected to the current conductor 25. The current conductor 25 is electrically conductively connected to the erosion contact 9 via a sliding contact (not shown). The speeds of the erosion contact 9 and the rated current contact 7 can be determined relative to one another by suitable articulation of the crank arms 32 and 33. It can be seen from FIG. 3 that the crank arm 32 is hinged on the outside and the crank arm 33 is articulated on the gearwheel 30 near the axis, and that, in the switched-on position, the articulation points are in the region of the dead position of the push crank and with the axis 3 a relatively small angle Include α c .

Bei einem Ausschaltvorgang werden entsprechend der Ausführungsform gemäss Fig.2 der Abbrandkontakt 9 und der Nennstromkontakt 7 zunächst langsam beschleunigt. Dies begünstigt die Verwendung eines klein bemessenen Antriebs, der seine Kraft überwiegend zur Überwindung reibschlussbedingter Kontaktkräfte einsetzen kann. Nach dem Öffnen der Nennstromkontakte 6, 7 vergrössert sich der Winkel αc zwischen den Anlenkstellen der Kurbelarme 32 und 33 und der Achse 3 zunehmend. Wegen des grösseren Abstands der Anlenkstelle des Kurbelarms 32 von der Achse des Zahnrads 30 erhöht sich die Geschwindigkeit des Abbrandkontakts 9 gegenüber der Geschwindigkeit des Nennstromkontakts 7 zusehends. Antriebskraft wird nun überwiegend zur Überwindung reibschlussbedingter Konktaktkräfte zwischen den Abbrandkontakten 8, 9 und zur Beschleunigung des Schaltstücks 2 verwendet. Ein grosser Teil der zur Beschleunigung des Schaltstücks 2 aufgebrachten Kraft dient der Beschleunigung des Abbrandkontakts 9. Das Öffnen der Abbrandkontakte 8, 9 erfolgt dann mit hoher Trenngeschwindigkeit. Gleichzeitig weisen die Nennstromkontakte 6, 7 einen Abstand voneinander auf, bei dem Rückzündungen mit Sicherheit vermieden werden. Bei ausreichend grossem Isolationsabstand zwischen den Abbrandkontakten 8, 9 und den Nennstromkontakten 6, 7 nähert sich die Schubkurbel ihrer oberen Totlage und die Kontakttrenngeschwindigkeit ist dann wie beim Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss Fig. 2 beträchtlich herabgesetzt. Schliesslich wird die Schubkurbel in eine Lage geführt, in der sie entsprechend der Ausführungsform gemäss Fig.2 einen vergleichsweise grossen Winkel βo mit der Achse 3 bildet.During a switch-off process, the erosion contact 9 and the rated current contact 7 are initially accelerated slowly in accordance with the embodiment according to FIG. This favors the use of a small-sized drive, which can use its force mainly to overcome contact forces caused by friction. After opening the nominal current contacts 6, 7, the angle α c between the articulation points of the crank arms 32 and 33 and the axis 3 increases increasingly. Because of the greater distance of the articulation point of the crank arm 32 from the axis of the gear wheel 30, the speed of the erosion contact 9 increases visibly compared to the speed of the rated current contact 7. Driving force is now mainly used to overcome contact forces between the erosion contacts 8, 9 caused by frictional engagement and to accelerate the contact piece 2. A large part of the force applied to accelerate the contact piece 2 serves to accelerate the erosion contact 9. The erosion contacts 8, 9 then open at a high separation speed. At the same time, the nominal current contacts 6, 7 are at a distance from one another in which reignitions can be avoided with certainty. If the insulation distance between the erosion contacts 8, 9 and the rated current contacts 6, 7 is sufficiently large, the push crank approaches its top dead center and the contact separation speed is then considerably reduced, as in the embodiment according to FIG. 2. Finally, the crank is guided in a position where a comparatively large angle β o forms in which they accordance with according to the embodiment of Figure 2 with the axis of the third

Durch den beschriebenen Bewegungsablauf wird die Antriebskraft praktisch in jeder Phase des Ausschaltens vollständig eingesetzt und wird so mit gleichmässigem, minimalem Krafteinsatz eine optimale Ausschaltbewegung der Schaltstücke erzeugt.Due to the movement sequence described, the driving force practically fully used in every phase of switching off and is so with even, minimal effort generates an optimal switch-off movement of the contact pieces.

Ist das Zahnrad 30 mit einer Anlenkscheibe gekoppelt, deren Radius grösser als der Radius des Zahnrads 30 ist, so kann durch Verlagerung der Anlenkstelle des Kurbelarms 32 nach aussen eine absolute Geschwindigkeit des Abbrandkontakts 9 erreicht werden, welche höher ist als die absolute Geschwindigkeit der Abschirmung 21 der Isolierdüse 10 und des Abbrandkontakts 8. Je nach Ausbildung von Zahnrad 30 und Anlenkscheibe kann dann die absolute Geschwindigkeit des Abbrandkontakts 8 zwischen den absoluten Geschwindigkeiten von Abbrandkontakt 9 und Nennstromkontakt 7 liegen oder sogar kleiner als jede dieser beiden Geschwindigkeiten sein. Es steht dann über einen grossen Zeitraum komprimiertes Gas aus dem Kompressionsraum 19 zur Verfügung, wodurch eine längere Beblasung des Schaltlichtbogens 27 ermöglicht wird.If the gear 30 is coupled to a coupling disk whose Radius is larger than the radius of the gear 30, so can by moving the articulation point of the crank arm 32 to an absolute speed of the erosion contact 9 can be achieved, which is higher than the absolute speed the shield 21 of the insulating nozzle 10 and the erosion contact 8. Depending on the design of gear 30 and link plate can then the absolute speed of the erosion contact 8 between the absolute speeds of the erosion contact 9 and nominal current contact 7 are or even smaller than each of these two speeds. Then it is above one compressed gas from the compression space 19 available, causing a longer blowing of the switching arc 27 is made possible.

Bei der in Fig.4 dargestellten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemässen Druckgasschalters werden die in Zusammenhang mit der Ausführungsform gemäss Fig.3 beschriebenen unterschiedlichen Geschwindigkeiten von Abbrandkontakt 9, Nennstromkontakt 7 und Abschirmung der Isolierdüse 10 durch ein Zahnradgetriebe erzielt, welches neben den bei der Ausführungsform gemäss Fig. 1 paarweise vorgesehenen Zahnstangen 22 und Zahnrädern 23 zusätzlich jeweils zwei Zahnräder 34 und 35 und zwei weitere Zahnstangen 36 aufweist. Die beiden von den Zahnstangen 22 angetriebenen Zahnräder 23 wälzen sich jeweils auf einem der beiden Zahnräder 34 ab, welche sich ihrerseits jeweils auf einer der beiden Zahnstangen 36 und einem der beiden Zahnräder 35 abwälzen. Die Zahnräder 35 weisen jeweils eine gemeinsame Achse mit Zahnrädern 37 auf, welche sich jeweils auf entgegengesetzten Seiten an der mit dem Abbrandkontakt 9 verbundenen Zahnstange 24 abwälzen.In the embodiment of the invention shown in FIG Gas pressure switches are those in connection with the Embodiment described according to Figure 3 different Burning contact 9, rated current contact 7 and Shielding the insulating nozzle 10 by a gear transmission achieved, which in addition to that in the embodiment according to 1 racks 22 and gears 23 provided in pairs additionally two gears 34 and 35 and two others Racks 36 has. The two of the racks 22 driven gears 23 each roll on one of the from two gears 34, which in turn each on one of the two racks 36 and one of the two gears Roll off 35. The gears 35 each have a common one Axis with gears 37, which are each on opposite sides on the with the erosion contact 9 Roll connected rack 24.

Beim Ausschalten werden entsprechend dem Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss Fig.1 die Zahnstangen 22 nach unten geführt und dabei die Zahnräder 23 gedreht. Jedes der Zahnräder 23 dreht nun das zugeordnete Zahnrad 34 in entgegengesetzter Richtung. Einerseits werden nun die Zahnstangen 36 und der daran befestigte Nennstromkontakt 7 nach oben verschoben (Pfeile in Fig.4). Andererseits werden nun auch die Zahnräder 35 und damit auch die Zahnräder 37 derart gedreht, dass die Zahnstange 24 und damit auch der Abbrandkontakt 9 nach oben verschoben werden (Pfeile in Fig.4). Durch geeignete Bemessung der Übersetzungsverhältnisse der Zahnräder können leicht beliebige Geschwindigkeiten von Abbrandkontakt 9 und Nennstromkontakt 7 relativ zueinander und zur Geschwindigkeit des Antriebs bzw. der Abschirmung 21 erzielt werden. When you turn off according to the embodiment 1, the racks 22 are guided downward while doing so the gears 23 rotated. Each of the gears 23 now turns that assigned gear 34 in the opposite direction. On the one hand now the racks 36 and the attached to it Rated current contact 7 shifted upwards (arrows in Fig. 4). On the other hand, the gears 35 and thus also now the gears 37 rotated such that the rack 24 and so that the erosion contact 9 is also moved upwards (Arrows in Fig. 4). By appropriately dimensioning the gear ratios The gears can easily run at any speed of erosion contact 9 and nominal current contact 7 relative to each other and to the speed of the drive or the Shield 21 can be achieved.

BezugszeichenlisteReference list

1, 21, 2
SchaltstückeContact pieces
33rd
Achseaxis
4, 54, 5
StromzuführungenPower supply
6, 76, 7
NennstromkontakteRated current contacts
8, 98, 9
AbbrandkontakteBurning contacts
1010th
IsolierdüseInsulating nozzle
1111
DüsenengstelleNozzle constriction
1212th
DruckraumPressure room
1313
RingkanalRing channel
1414
AuspuffraumExhaust room
1515
Bodenground
1616
HohlzylinderHollow cylinder
1717th
Abschirmungshielding
1818th
Rückschlagventilcheck valve
1919th
KompressionsraumCompression space
2020th
DrucksteuervorrichtungPressure control device
2121
Abschirmungshielding
2222
ZahnstangenRacks
2323
ZahnräderGears
2424th
ZahnstangeRack
2525th
StromleiterConductor
2626
Abschirmungshielding
2727
SchaltlichtbogenSwitching arc
3030th
Zahnradgear
3131
ZahnstangeRack
32, 3332, 33
KurbelarmeCrank arms
34, 3534, 35
ZahnräderGears
3636
ZahnstangenRacks
3737
Zahnradgear

Claims (15)

  1. Compressed gas-blast circuit breaker having
    two contact members (1, 2) which can move relative to one another along an axis (3) in a chamber which is filled with insulating gas and each have at least one erosion contact (8, 9) and one rated current contact (6, 7),
    a drive which transmits force to a first (1) of the two contact members (1, 2),
    an insulating nozzle (10) which is arranged coaxially with respect to the two contact members (1, 2), is mounted on a first (1) of the two contact members (1, 2), and through whose constriction (11) compressed gas is passed, during disconnection, from a compression space (19), which is operated by the contact members, and/or a pressure space (12), which is independent of the switching travel, into an exhaust space (14), and
    having a transmission device which passes drive force from the first contact member (1) via an insulating part to the second contact member (2) and which has two transmission elements, a first of which acts on the erosion contact (9) and a second on the rated current contact (7) of the second contact member (2),
    characterized
    in that the insulating part is the insulating nozzle (10) and
    in that the insulating nozzle (10) is fitted at its end facing the second contact member (2) with a first screen (21) which coaxially surrounds the insulating nozzle (10) and passes force, which is produced by the drive, from the insulating nozzle (10) to the first transmission element.
  2. Circuit breaker according to Claim 1, characterized
    in that the first screen (21) also passes force, which is produced by the drive, to the second transmission element.
  3. Circuit breaker according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized
    in that the insulating nozzle (10) is fitted at its end, which is used for mounting on the first contact member (1), with a second screen which is designed as the rated current contact (6).
  4. Circuit breaker according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized
    in that the first and/or the second transmission element transmit or transmits movements linearly from the drive to the second contact member (2).
  5. Circuit breaker according to Claim 4, characterized
    in that the first transmission element is a rack drive having at least one pinion wheel (23), which is mounted such that it can rotate about a stationary axis, and having at least two racks (22, 24), which are arranged parallel to the axis (3) and interact with the at least one pinion wheel (23), and of which a first (24) is mounted on the erosion contact (9) of the second contact member (2) and a second is mounted on the first screen (21).
  6. Circuit breaker according to Claim 5, characterized
    in that the second transmission element is an electrical conductor (25) which rigidly connects the erosion contact (9) of the second contact member (2) to its rated current contact (7) and/or to a screen of the rated current contact (7).
  7. Circuit breaker according to Claim 4,
    characterized
    in that the first transmission element and the second transmission element are part of a rack drive having at least three pinion wheels (23, 34, 35, 37), which are each mounted such that they can rotate about stationary axes, and having at least three racks (22, 24, 36), which are arranged parallel to the axis (3) and interact with the at least three pinion wheels (23, 34, 35), of which a first rack (22), which interacts with a first (23) of the pinion wheels, is mounted on the first screen (21), a second rack (36), which interacts with a second (34) of the pinion wheels, is mounted on the rated current contact (7) of the second contact member (2), and a rack (24) which interacts with a third of the pinion wheels (35, 37) is mounted on the erosion contact (9) of the second contact member (2).
  8. Circuit breaker according to one of Claims 1 or 2, characterized
    in that the first transmission element and/or the second transmission element transmit or transmits movements nonlinearly from the drive to the second contact member (2).
  9. Circuit breaker according to Claim 8, characterized
    in that the first transmission element and/or the second transmission element have or has two series-connected converters.
  10. Circuit breaker according to Claim 9, characterized
    in that the two converters are designed as drives and are connected together in such a manner that they transmit a movement, which is directed in one direction, to the erosion contact (9) and/or to the rated current contact (7) of the second contact member (2).
  11. Circuit breaker according to Claim 8, characterized
    in that the two converters are designed as drives and are connected together in such a manner that they transmit a reverse movement to the erosion contact (9) and/or to the rated current contact (7) of the second contact member (2).
  12. Circuit breaker according to one of Claims 10 or 11, characterized
    in that a first of the two drives has a pinion wheel (30), which is mounted such that it can rotate about a stationary shaft, as well as at least one rack (31), which is arranged parallel to the axis (3), interacts with the pinion wheel (30) and is mounted on the first screen (21),
    and in that a second of the two drives includes a straight-sliding link having a crank arm (32), one of whose ends is articulated on the pinion wheel (30) and whose other end is articulated on the erosion contact (9) of the second contact member (2).
  13. Circuit breaker according to Claim 12, characterized
    in that the straight-sliding link can rotate through an angle of more than 180° during a switching operation.
  14. Circuit breaker according to one of Claims 11 or 12, characterized
    in that the crank arm (32) of the straight-sliding link is arranged in the region of a dead-centre position of the crank in the connected position.
  15. Circuit breaker according to one of Claims 12 to 14, characterized in that
    one end of a second crank arm (33) is articulated on the straight-sliding link, its other end interacting with the rated current contact (7) of the second contact member (2).
EP95810434A 1994-08-01 1995-06-29 Gas blast circuit-breaker Expired - Lifetime EP0696040B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4427163 1994-08-01
DE4427163A DE4427163A1 (en) 1994-08-01 1994-08-01 Gas pressure switch

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0696040A1 EP0696040A1 (en) 1996-02-07
EP0696040B1 true EP0696040B1 (en) 1998-06-03

Family

ID=6524623

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95810434A Expired - Lifetime EP0696040B1 (en) 1994-08-01 1995-06-29 Gas blast circuit-breaker

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US5578806A (en)
EP (1) EP0696040B1 (en)
CN (1) CN1069436C (en)
AU (1) AU2719195A (en)
BR (1) BR9503510A (en)
CA (1) CA2154939A1 (en)
DE (2) DE4427163A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA956171B (en)

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CN102820177B (en) * 2012-08-14 2015-04-01 河南平高电气股份有限公司 High voltage sulfur hexafluoride breaker and double acting transmission device thereof
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US9748059B2 (en) 2013-01-22 2017-08-29 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Switching device arrangement
US9865417B2 (en) 2013-07-30 2018-01-09 Abb Schweiz Ag Circuit breaker

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59502394D1 (en) 1998-07-09
US5578806A (en) 1996-11-26
AU2719195A (en) 1996-02-15
CN1069436C (en) 2001-08-08
ZA956171B (en) 1996-03-19
EP0696040A1 (en) 1996-02-07
BR9503510A (en) 1996-05-28
CN1128892A (en) 1996-08-14
DE4427163A1 (en) 1996-02-08
CA2154939A1 (en) 1996-02-02

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