EP0152583B1 - High-tension switch - Google Patents

High-tension switch Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0152583B1
EP0152583B1 EP84115216A EP84115216A EP0152583B1 EP 0152583 B1 EP0152583 B1 EP 0152583B1 EP 84115216 A EP84115216 A EP 84115216A EP 84115216 A EP84115216 A EP 84115216A EP 0152583 B1 EP0152583 B1 EP 0152583B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
switching point
housing
contact member
main switching
guide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP84115216A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0152583A2 (en
EP0152583A3 (en
Inventor
Walter Bischofberger
Heinz Eichholzer
Werner Graber
Jiri Talir
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Original Assignee
BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland filed Critical BBC Brown Boveri AG Switzerland
Publication of EP0152583A2 publication Critical patent/EP0152583A2/en
Publication of EP0152583A3 publication Critical patent/EP0152583A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0152583B1 publication Critical patent/EP0152583B1/en
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/14—Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/16—Impedances connected with contacts
    • H01H33/166—Impedances connected with contacts the impedance being inserted only while closing the switch
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/02—Details
    • H01H33/04—Means for extinguishing or preventing arc between current-carrying parts
    • H01H33/14—Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc
    • H01H2033/146—Multiple main contacts for the purpose of dividing the current through, or potential drop along, the arc using capacitors, e.g. for the voltage division over the different switches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a high-voltage switch according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such switches are used to apply high voltage to longer transmission lines.
  • a high-voltage switch according to the preamble of claim 1 is known (EP-A-0 050 826, in particular FIG. 3), in which a series circuit comprising an on-resistance and a secondary switching point is connected in parallel to each main switching point.
  • the object of the invention is to simplify the construction of generic switches and to make them cheaper.
  • the advantages achieved by the invention can be seen above all in the fact that only a single secondary switching point is required.
  • the on-resistance which replaces the two on-resistors of the known generic switch, can also be accommodated in a housing, which can be designed as an inexpensive metal housing, in such a way that the insulation gap required between the two connections thereof lies within the housing. This eliminates the need to produce outer insulation sections and it is possible to save on the insulating material housing required in the known generic switch, each containing an on-resistance and a secondary switching section, which results in a considerable reduction in the cost of the switch.
  • a high-voltage switch according to the invention according to a first and a third design is shown in the off state, which in its basic structure contains two main switching points 1a, b and control capacitors 2a, b as well as an on-resistance 3 and a secondary switching point 4.
  • the main switching points 1a, b and the secondary switching point 4 are actuated by a common drive 5 via a manual transmission 6.
  • the on-resistance 3 and the secondary switching point 4 are parallel to one another between the first main switching point 1a and the second main switching point 1b.
  • Switching points and gearboxes are designed in such a way that when switching on the secondary switching point 4 closes after the main switching points 1a, b, the switch thus passes through the electrical state shown in FIG. 1b, in which the two closed main switching points 1a, 1b are connected via the on-resistance 3 .
  • the switch-on state shown in FIG. 1c is reached, in which the on-resistance 3 is bridged by the secondary switching point 4.
  • the secondary switching point 4 opens after the main switching points 1e, b.
  • the two main switching points 1a, b in series are designed as high-voltage circuit breakers with porcelain housings, as are known, for example, from Brown Boveri Mitteilungen 3/4 (1981), p. 121, the control capacitors 2a, b also have porcelain housings and are arranged parallel to the main switching points 1a, b.
  • the housings of the main switching points 1a. b connect, opposite each other, to a housing 7 filled with SF 6 , which consists of metal, preferably cast aluminum, and which contains the gearbox 6, which is connected to the drive 5, not shown, via a switching rod 8 made of insulating material.
  • the on-resistance 3 is divided into two columns of resistance elements lying in series.
  • the movable contact piece of the first main switching point 1a a and the movable contact piece 9 of the secondary switching point 4 are electrically conductively connected to the housing 7.
  • the on-resistance 3 and the secondary switching point 4 are arranged in the housing 7, via which the electrically conductive connection between the first main switching point 1 a and the on-resistance 3 is also established.
  • the opposite connection of the on-resistance 3 connected to the housing 7 is connected on the one hand to the fixed switching element 10 of the secondary switching point 4 and on the other hand via a connecting conductor 11 to the movable switching element which is insulated from the housing 7, i. H. with the same only indirectly, via the switch-on resistor 3 and - if it is closed - the secondary switching point 4, connected second main switching point 1 b electrically connected.
  • the manual transmission 6 contains two bellcranks 12a, b, which are articulated opposite one another laterally on the selector rod 8 on the housing 7. They are connected on the one hand via lifting rods 13a, b with a piston 14 fastened to the shift rod 8 and on the other hand via lifting tubes 15a, b, the lifting tube 15b consisting essentially of insulating material, in each case non-positively connected to the movable switching element of the corresponding main switching point 1 or 1b .
  • the gearbox 6 has a guide rod 16 with, at its end, a plunger 17, rigidly connected to the shift rod 8 and, in the continuation thereof, projecting into the interior of the housing 7, which participates in the actuation of the secondary switching point 4. Furthermore, the gearbox 6 has a sleeve-shaped centrifugal piston 18, which is guided on the guide rod 16 and which is non-positively connected to the deflection legs 12a, b via driver rods 19a, b.
  • the movable switching element 9 of the secondary switching point 4 is attached to a connecting part which is designed as a hollow cylinder 21 which is slipped over the guide rod 16 and guided in a guide ring 20 which is rigidly connected to the housing 7.
  • the hollow cylinder 21 and the guide rod 16 can be displaced relative to one another to a limited extent in the direction of the switching movements, the stop limiting the displaceability of the guide rod 16 relative to the hollow cylinder 21 in the switching-off direction by the back of the plunger 17 and an extension surface 22 facing the inside of the hollow cylinder 21 on one Ring 23, which is attached to the opening end thereof, is formed.
  • the inside of the hollow cylinder 21 is delimited by a stop surface 24 on the switch side.
  • the outside of the ring 23 is a slingshot surface 25, which cooperates with the centrifugal piston 18, formed.
  • the guide ring 20 On the switch-off side, the guide ring 20 has a padded stop 26 which interacts with a part of the ring 23 which projects radially outwards.
  • a tension spring 27 anchored on the guide ring 20 is fastened with its opposite end to the movable switching element 9 of the secondary switching point 4.
  • the fixed contact piece 10 of the secondary switching point 4 has a nominal current contact with ring-shaped contact fingers 28, which are pressed in the switched-on position by means of spring elements 29 against an annular movable nominal current contact 30, which. contact them on its outside.
  • the contact fingers 28 have cams 31 which, together with a circumferential bead 32 on the movable nominal current contact 30, behind which they engage, form a catch which is effective in the switched-on position between the fixed contact piece 10 and the movable contact piece 9 of the secondary switching point 4, and in such a way that the engagement withstands the force exerted by the tension spring 27.
  • the contact fingers 28 coaxially surround, at a distance, a tubular, centrally arranged, fixed erosion contact 33, which interacts with a movable erosion contact 34, which is coaxially surrounded by the movable nominal current contact 30 and at a distance.
  • FIGS. 1a-d. 2a, b, 3-6 explains the function of the switch according to the invention according to the first embodiment.
  • the time is plotted on the abscissa in FIG. 6 and the strokes of the movable switching elements of the main switching sections 1a, b (dash-dotted line) of the centrifugal piston 18 (dashed line) and of the movable switching element 9 of the secondary switching point 4 (solid line) are plotted on the abscissa.
  • the designations 2a, 1, 2a, r, 2b, 1, 2b, r below the abscissa refer to FIGS. 2a, b, left and right halves, which represent the state of the switch at the given time.
  • the brackets below the abscissa with the designations la-ld denote the respective electrical state of the switch, as shown in FIGS. 1a-d.
  • the switch Shortly thereafter, at a point in time C, the switch reaches a state in which the main switching points 1a, b just close and the centrifugal piston 18, which is pulled by the driving rods 19a, b, which in the switched-off position forms an acute angle to the switching rod 8 Income, which has opened further in the course of the switch-on movement, so that the centrifugal piston 18 is now pulled up a relatively large distance on the guide rod 16 even with a small stroke of the shift rod 8, which touches the centrifugal surface 25.
  • the switch assumes the electrical state shown in FIG.
  • the time interval between the closing of the main switching points 1a, b at time C and the closing of the secondary switching point 4 at time D is approximately 8 ms.
  • the design of the gearbox 6 with the centrifugal piston 18 pulled by the drive rods 19a, b enables the movable contact piece 9 of the secondary switching point 4 to remain in the off position during the switching-on process, while the movable contact pieces of the main switching points 1a, b each have a first part between them Go through the switch-off position and its switch-on position and the ge covers the entire distance between its switch-on position and its switch-off position, while the movable switching elements of the main switching points 1a, b each run through the remaining part of the distance between their switch-on position and their switch-off position, ie with a small remaining stroke of the switching rod 8. This means that the maximum distance remains for a long time receive between the switching elements of the secondary switching point 4 and pre-ignition can only start shortly before the same.
  • the switch-off process is initiated by the beginning of the downward movement of the switching rod 8, which at a time F causes the main switching points 1 a, b to open and the arcing of the latter.
  • the control capacitor 2b which together with the control capacitor 2a ensures an even distribution of the voltage between the first main switching point 1a and the second main switching point 1b, is connected in parallel with the secondary switching point 4 via the housing 7 and the secondary switching point to the second main switching point 1b.
  • FIG. 7 shows a high-voltage switch according to the invention in accordance with a second embodiment, the structure and mechanical function of which correspond completely to the high-voltage switch according to the first embodiment already explained, but differ from the latter by a slightly modified circuit principle, shown in FIG. 8 .
  • the turn-on resistor 3 is in turn divided into two columns, which form two equal partial resistors lying in series, namely a first partial resistor 3a and a second partial resistor 3b.
  • the conductor piece connecting the two partial resistors 3a, b is also connected in an electrically conductive manner to the metal housing 7 via a connection piece 35.
  • the first main switching point 1a is connected to the switch-on resistor 3 and to the movable switching element 9 of the secondary switching point 4 via a first connecting conductor 11a and the second main switching point is connected to the switching resistor 3 and the fixed switching element 10 of the secondary switching point 4 via a second connecting conductor 11b.
  • Both main switching points 1a, b are isolated from the housing 7, i. H. connected to it only indirectly, in each case via one of the partial resistors 3a, b.
  • the guide rod 16 and the centrifugal piston 18 and both lifting tubes 15a, b are made of insulating material.
  • the switch according to the invention according to the second embodiment corresponds practically completely to the switch according to the invention according to the first embodiment.
  • the difference is that if the switch is in the intermediate state shown in FIG. 8, which was run through during the switch-on process with closed main switching points 1a, b and open secondary switching point 4, i.e. switched-on resistor 3, the potential of the housing 7 is in the middle between the two potentials present at the opposite ends of the on-resistance 3 since half of the voltage across the on-resistance 3 drops across each of the two partial resistors 3a, b.
  • the fixed switching element 10 of the secondary switching point 4 the second main switching point 1b and the connecting conductor 11b connecting the two need only be insulated from the housing 7 for half the switching voltage.
  • insulation designed for half the switching voltage is sufficient.
  • a high-voltage switch according to the invention is shown according to a third design. It corresponds completely in terms of its basic structure and its electrical principle and also in terms of its mechanical principle essentially to the high-voltage switch according to the first embodiment explained above.
  • the stop limiting the displaceability of the guide cylinder 16 'relative to the connecting rod 21' in the switch-off direction is formed by an extension surface 22 facing the inside of the guide cylinder 16 'on a ring 23 which is attached to the switch-on end thereof and the rear side of the stop piston 17'.
  • a stop surface 24 On the switch-off side, the interior of the guide cylinder 16 'is delimited by a stop surface 24.
  • the movable contact piece 9 of the secondary switching point 4 is designed as a knife contact articulated on the housing 7.
  • a tension spring 27 anchored at one end to the housing 7 is attached to the opposite end thereof.
  • the fixed contact piece 10 of the secondary switching point 4 has a fixed nominal current contact with contact fingers 28 arranged in two opposite rows, which in the switched-on position are pressed laterally by spring elements 29 against the movable nominal current contact 30 formed by a section of the switch-on edge of the movable contact piece 9.
  • the contact fingers 28 have cams 31 which, together with two lateral beads 32a, b on the movable nominal current contact 30, behind which they engage, one in the switched-on position against the force of the tension spring 27 between the fixed switching element 10 and the movable switching element 9 of the secondary switching point 4 form effective detents.
  • a pincer-like fixed erosion contact 33 is arranged, which interacts with a fixed erosion contact 33 arranged in the continuation of the movable rated current contact 30 on the movable contact piece 9, which is designed as a cam attached to the switch-on edge of the movable contact piece 3 .
  • An additional contact 36 which likewise has a double row of contact fingers, ensures a good conductive connection between the housing 7 and the movable contact piece 9 of the secondary switching point 4 in the switched-on position.
  • FIGS. 1a-d, 9a, b, 10-12 The function of the switch according to the invention according to the third embodiment, which is essentially analogous to the already explained function of the switch according to the invention according to the first embodiment, is briefly explained below with reference to FIGS. 1a-d, 9a, b, 10-12.
  • time is plotted on the abscissa in FIG. 10 and the strokes of the movable switching elements of the main switching points 1a, b (dash-dotted line) and of the moving switching element 9 of the secondary switching point 4 (solid line) are plotted on the ordinate.
  • the designations 9a, 9b below the abscissa refer to FIGS. 9a, b each representing the state of the switch reached at the given time.
  • the brackets below the abscissa with the designations 1a-1d again denote the respective electrical state of the switch, as is shown in FIGS. 1a-d.
  • the switch rod 8 is moved upwards from the position in which it is in the switch-off state shown at time A in FIG. 9a, at time B the stop surface 24 of the guide cylinder 16 'touches the stop piston 17' and shortly thereafter for Time C, the main switching points 1a, b close, whereby the switch changes from the one in FIG. 1a to the electrical state shown in FIG. 1b.
  • the upward movement of the movable switching element 9 of the secondary switching point 4, which only started at time B, leads to contact of the two switching elements thereof at time D, whereby the switch assumes the electrical state according to FIG. 1.
  • the movable nominal current contact 30 engages with the contact fingers 28 of the fixed nominal current contact of the secondary switching point 4, the switch-on state shown in FIG. 9b has been reached.
  • the third embodiment has the advantage that the conversion of a small residual stroke of the shift rod 8 into a relatively large switching movement of the movable contact piece 9 thanks to its design as a knife contact by a suitable choice of the articulation point of the same on the housing 7 and of the distances between the same and the articulation point of the connecting rod 16 'on the knife contact on the one hand and between the latter and the movable erosion contact 34 and the movable nominal current contact 30 on the other hand. No centrifugal flask is required.
  • the first and second embodiments possible, however, a more precise guidance of the movable switching element 9. Thanks to its rotationally symmetrical design, the essential parts of the secondary switching point 4 are easier to manufacture.

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  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Arc-Extinguishing Devices That Are Switches (AREA)

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Hochspannungsschalter gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a high-voltage switch according to the preamble of claim 1.

Derartige Schalter werden zur Aufschaltung von Hochspannung auf längere Uebertragungsleitungen verwendet.Such switches are used to apply high voltage to longer transmission lines.

Es ist ein Hochspannungsschalter gemäss dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1 bekannt (EP-A-0 050 826, insbesondere Fig. 3), bei welchem zu jeder Hauptschaltstelle eine Serienschaltung aus einem Einschaltwiderstand und einer Nebenschaltstelle parallel liegt.A high-voltage switch according to the preamble of claim 1 is known (EP-A-0 050 826, in particular FIG. 3), in which a series circuit comprising an on-resistance and a secondary switching point is connected in parallel to each main switching point.

Solche Schalter sind wegen der erforderlichen zwei Nebenschaltstellen konstruktiv aufwendig.Such switches are structurally complex because of the two secondary switching points required.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, gattungsgemässe Schalter konstruktiv zu vereinfachen und zu verbilligen.The object of the invention is to simplify the construction of generic switches and to make them cheaper.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Erfindung, wie sie in den Ansprüchen gekennzeichnet ist, gelöst.This object is achieved by the invention as characterized in the claims.

Die durch die Erfindung erreichten Vorteile sind vor allem darin zu sehen, dass nur eine einzige Nebenschaltstelle erforderlich ist. Der die beiden Einschaltwiderstände des bekannten gattungsgemässen Schalters ersetzende Einschaltwiderstand lässt sich zudem in einem Gehäuse, welches als kostengünstiges Metallgehäuse ausgebildet sein kann, derart unterbringen, dass die zwischen den beiden Anschlüssen desselben erforderliche Isolationsstrecke innerhalb des Gehäuses liegt. Dadurch entfällt die Notwendigkeit, äussere Isolationsstrecken herzustellen und es können die beim bekannten gattungsgemässen Schalter erforderlichen, je einen Einschaltwiderstand und eine Nebenschaltstrecke enthaltenden Isolierstoffgehäuse eingespart werden, was eine beträchtliche Verbilligung des Schalters zur Folge hat.The advantages achieved by the invention can be seen above all in the fact that only a single secondary switching point is required. The on-resistance, which replaces the two on-resistors of the known generic switch, can also be accommodated in a housing, which can be designed as an inexpensive metal housing, in such a way that the insulation gap required between the two connections thereof lies within the housing. This eliminates the need to produce outer insulation sections and it is possible to save on the insulating material housing required in the known generic switch, each containing an on-resistance and a secondary switching section, which results in a considerable reduction in the cost of the switch.

Im Ausschaltzustand, d. h. bei geöffneten Hauptschaltstellen, ist die Nebenschaltstelle vollkommen spannungsfrei. Dementsprechend ist ihr Schaltzustand dann irrelevant und braucht nicht kontrolliert zu werden. Eine Spannungsbelastung der Nebenschaltstelle tritt nur kurz während des Einschaltvorgangs auf. Entsprechend gering ist die Belastung der Isolation.In the off state, d. H. When the main switching points are open, the secondary switching point is completely voltage-free. Accordingly, their switching status is then irrelevant and does not need to be checked. A voltage load of the secondary switching point only occurs briefly during the switch-on process. The insulation load is correspondingly low.

Es wäre denkbar, eine Einsparung einer Nebenschaltstelle dadurch zu erreichen, dass eine einzige Serienschaltung aus einem Einschaltwiderstand und einer Nebenschaltstelle zur Serienschaltung der Hauptschaltstellen parallel liegt.It would be conceivable to save a secondary switching point in that a single series connection comprising an on-resistance and a secondary switching point is connected in parallel to the series connection of the main switching points.

Eine derartige Lösung erscheint jedoch ungeeignet, da nicht nur statt der Einsparung zweier Isolierstoffgehäuse ein Ersatz derselben durch eines von ca. doppelter Länge erforderlich wäre, sondern auch im Ausschaltzustand die gesamte Spannung ständig an der Nebenschaltstelle läge, was beträchtliche Isolationsprobleme schüfe.Such a solution appears unsuitable, however, since not only would it be necessary to replace the two insulating material housings with one of approximately twice the length instead of saving two, but also in the switched-off state the entire voltage would always be at the secondary switching point, which would create considerable insulation problems.

Im folgenden wird die Erfindung anhand von lediglich Ausführungswege darstellenden Zeichnungen näher erläutert.In the following, the invention is explained in more detail with the aid of drawings which only show execution routes.

Es zeigen :

  • Fig. 1a-1d in Prinzipschaltbildern erfindungsgemässe Hochspannungsschalter gemäss einer ersten und einer dritten konstruktiven Ausführung in im Laufe von Ein- und Ausschaltvorgang durchlaufenen elektrischen Zuständen, und zwar
  • Fig. 1 im Ausschaltzustand,
  • Fig. 1b im während des Einschaltvorgangs durchlaufenen Zustand mit geschlossenen Hauptschaltstellen und offener Nebenschaltstelle, d. h. mit eingeschaltetem Einschaltwiderstand,
  • Fig. 1c im Einschaltzustand und
  • Fig. 1d im während des Ausschaltvorgangs durchlaufenen Zustand mit geöffneten Hauptschaltstellen und geschlossener Nebenschaltstelle ;
  • Fig. 2a, b senkrechte Schnitte durch Teile eines erfindungsgemässen Hochspannungsschalters gemäss der ersten konstruktiven Ausführung, und zwar
  • Fig. 2a einen Schnitt durch ein zentrales Gehäuse mit Einschaltwiderstand, Nebenschaltstelle und Schaltgetriebe, links im Ausschaltzustand und rechts in einem während des Einschaltvorgangs durchlaufenen Zwischenzustand kurz vor dem Schliessen der Hauptschaltstellen und
  • Fig. 2b Nebenschaltstelle und Schaltgetriebe, links im Einschaltzustand und rechts in einem während des Ausschaltvorgangs durchlaufenen Zustands mit bereits geöffneten Hauptschaltstellen ;
  • Fig. 3 vergrössert einen senkrechten Schnitt durch das Schaltgetriebe-gemäss der ersten konstruktiven Ausführung, links im Ausschaltzustand und rechts im Einschaltzustand,
  • Fig. 4 leicht schematisiert einen Schnitt längs IV-IV in Fig. 3,
  • Fig. 5 vergrössert einen senkrechten Schnitt durch die Nebenschaltstelle gemäss der ersten konstruktiven Ausführung im Einschaltzustand,
  • Fig. 6 diagrammatisch den zeitlichen Verlauf der Hübe von Teilen des erfindungsgemässen Schalters gemäss der ersten konstruktiven Ausführung während eines Einschaltvorgangs und eines Ausschaltvorgangs,
  • Fig. 7 einen senkrechten Schnitt durch das zentrale Gehäuse mit Einschaltwiderstand, Nebenschaltstelle und Schaltgetriebe eines erfindungsgemässen Schalters gemäss einer zweiten konstruktiven Ausführung, und zwar links im Ausschaltzustand und rechts im Einschaltzustand,
  • Fig. 8 in einem Prinzipschaltbild den erfindungsgemässen Schalter gemäss der zweiten konstruktiven Ausführung, und zwar im während des Einschaltvorgangs durchlaufenen Zustand mit geschlossenen Hauptschaltstellen und offener Nebenschaltstelle, d. h. mit eingeschaltetem Einschaltwiderstand,
  • Fig. 9a, b senkrechte Schnitte durch Schaltgetriebe und Nebenschaltstelle eines erfindungsgemässen Hochspannungsschalters gemäss der dritten konstruktiven Ausführung, und zwar
  • Fig. 9a im Ausschaltzustand und
  • Fig. 9b im Einschaltzustand,
  • Fig. 10 vergrössert einen Schnitt längs X-X in Fig. 9b,
  • Fig. 11 vergrössert einen Schnitt längs XI-XI in Fig. 9b, und
  • Fig. 12 diagrammatisch den zeitlichen Verlauf der Hübe von Teilen des erfindungsgemässen Schalters gemäss der dritten konstruktiven Ausführung während eines Einschaltvorgangs und eines Ausschaltvorgangs.
Show it :
  • 1a-1d in high-level circuit diagrams according to the invention in accordance with a first and a third constructive embodiment in electrical states which have been passed through in the course of the switching on and off process, namely
  • 1 in the off state,
  • 1b in the state run during the switch-on process with closed main switching points and open secondary switching point, ie with switched-on resistor switched on,
  • Fig. 1c in the on state and
  • 1d in the state passed through during the switch-off process with open main switching points and closed secondary switching point;
  • 2a, b vertical sections through parts of a high-voltage switch according to the invention according to the first design, namely
  • Fig. 2a shows a section through a central housing with on-resistance, secondary switching point and gearbox, on the left in the off state and on the right in an intermediate state passed during the switching-on process shortly before the main switching points and
  • 2b auxiliary switching point and manual transmission, on the left in the switched-on state and on the right in a state that was run through during the switching-off process with the main switching points already open;
  • 3 is an enlarged vertical section through the manual transmission according to the first design, on the left in the off state and on the right in the on state,
  • 4 shows a slightly schematic section along IV-IV in FIG. 3,
  • 5 is an enlarged vertical section through the secondary switching point according to the first design in the switched-on state,
  • 6 shows diagrammatically the time course of the strokes of parts of the switch according to the invention in accordance with the first constructive embodiment during a switch-on process and a switch-off process,
  • 7 shows a vertical section through the central housing with switch-on resistor, auxiliary switching point and gearbox of a switch according to the invention in accordance with a second design, namely on the left in the switched-off state and on the right in the switched-on state,
  • 8 is a basic circuit diagram of the switch according to the invention in accordance with the second design, specifically in the state that was passed through during the switch-on process with closed main switching points and open secondary switching point, ie with switched-on resistor switched on,
  • Fig. 9a, b vertical sections through the gearbox and secondary switching point of a high-voltage switch according to the invention according to the third design, namely
  • Fig. 9a in the off state and
  • 9b in the switched-on state,
  • 10 is an enlarged section along XX in FIG. 9b,
  • Fig. 11 is an enlarged section along XI-XI in Fig. 9b, and
  • 12 shows diagrammatically the time course of the strokes of parts of the switch according to the invention in accordance with the third constructive embodiment during a switch-on process and a switch-off process.

In Fig. 1a ist ein erfindungsgemässer Hochspannungsschalter gemäss einer ersten und einer dritten konstruktiven Ausführung im Ausschaltzustand dargestellt, welcher in seinem grundsätzlichen Aufbau zwei Hauptsschaltstellen 1a, b und Steuerkondensatoren 2a, b enthält sowie einen Einschaltwiderstand 3 und eine Nebenschaltstelle 4. Die Hauptschaltstellen 1a, b und die Nebenschaltstelle 4 werden von einem gemeinsamen Antrieb 5 über ein Schaltgetriebe 6 betätigt.In Fig. 1a, a high-voltage switch according to the invention according to a first and a third design is shown in the off state, which in its basic structure contains two main switching points 1a, b and control capacitors 2a, b as well as an on-resistance 3 and a secondary switching point 4. The main switching points 1a, b and the secondary switching point 4 are actuated by a common drive 5 via a manual transmission 6.

Erfindungsgemäss liegen der Einschaltwiderstand 3 und die Nebenschaltstelle 4 parallel zueinander zwischen der ersten Hauptschaltstelle 1a und der zweiten Hauptschaltstelle 1b. Schaltstellen und Schaltgetriebe sind derart ausgebildet, dass beim Einschalten die Nebenschaltstelle 4 nach den Hauptschaltstellen 1a, b schliesst, der Schalter durchläuft dabei also den in Fig. 1b dargestellten elektrischen Zustand, in welchem die beiden geschlossenen Hauptschaltstellen 1a, 1b über den Einschaltwiderstand 3 verbunden sind. Nach dem Schliessen der Nebenschaltstelle 4 ist der in Fig. 1c dargestellte Einschaltzustand erreicht, in welchem der Einschaltwiderstand 3 durch die Nebenschaltstelle 4 überbrückt ist. Beim Ausschalten öffnet die Nebenschaltstelle 4 nach den Hauptschaltstellen 1e, b. Beim Oeffnen der Hauptschaltstellen bilden sich an denselben Lichtbögen aus, wobei die Steuerkondensatoren 2a, b, die dann jeweils zur entsprechenden Hauptschaltstelle 1a bzw. 1b parallelgeschaltet sind, für eine gleichmässige Verteilung der Spannung auf die beiden Hauptschaltstellen sorgen. Nach dem Löschen der Lichtbögen hat der Schalter den in Fig. 1d dargestellten elektrischen Zustand erreicht, in dem die Nebenschaltstelle 4 geschlossen ist, jedoch keinen Strom mehr führt. Sie kann also problemlos geöffnet werden. Nach dem Oeffnen der Nebenschaltstelle 4 befindet sich der Schalter wieder im in Fig. 1a dargestellten Ausschaltzustand.According to the invention, the on-resistance 3 and the secondary switching point 4 are parallel to one another between the first main switching point 1a and the second main switching point 1b. Switching points and gearboxes are designed in such a way that when switching on the secondary switching point 4 closes after the main switching points 1a, b, the switch thus passes through the electrical state shown in FIG. 1b, in which the two closed main switching points 1a, 1b are connected via the on-resistance 3 . After the secondary switching point 4 has been closed, the switch-on state shown in FIG. 1c is reached, in which the on-resistance 3 is bridged by the secondary switching point 4. When switching off, the secondary switching point 4 opens after the main switching points 1e, b. When the main switching points are opened, arcs form on the same, the control capacitors 2a, b, which are then connected in parallel to the corresponding main switching point 1a or 1b, ensure a uniform distribution of the voltage over the two main switching points. After the arcing has been extinguished, the switch has reached the electrical state shown in FIG. 1d, in which the secondary switching point 4 is closed but no longer carries current. So it can be opened easily. After opening the secondary switching point 4, the switch is again in the switched-off state shown in FIG. 1a.

In Fig. 2a, b, 3, 4, 5 ist ein erfindungsgemässer Hochspannungsschalter gemäss einer ersten konstruktiven Ausführung dargestellt. Die zwei in Reihe liegenden Hauptschaltstellen 1a, b sind als Hochspannungs-Leistungsschalter mit Porzellangehäusen, wie sie etwa aus Brown Boveri Mitteilungen 3/4 (1981), S. 121 bekannt sind, ausgebildet, die Steuerkondensatoren 2a, b weisen ebenfalls Porzellangehäuse auf und sind parallel zu den Hauptschaltstellen 1a, b angeordnet. Die Gehäuse der Hauptschaltstellen 1a. b schliessen, einander gegenüberliegend, an ein mit SF6 gefülltes Gehäuse 7 an, welches aus Metall, vorzugsweise Gussaluminium, besteht und welches das Schaltgetriebe 6 enthält, das über eine Schaltstange 8 aus Isolierstoff mit dem hier nicht dargestellten Antrieb 5 verbunden ist. Der Einschaltwiderstand 3 ist in zwei in Reihe liegende Säulen von Widerstandselementen aufgeteilt. Das bewegliche Schaltstück der ersten Hauptschaltstelle 1a a und das bewegliche Schaltstück 9 der Nebenschaltstelle 4 sind elektrisch leitend mit dem Gehäuse 7 verbunden.2a, b, 3, 4, 5, a high-voltage switch according to the invention is shown according to a first design. The two main switching points 1a, b in series are designed as high-voltage circuit breakers with porcelain housings, as are known, for example, from Brown Boveri Mitteilungen 3/4 (1981), p. 121, the control capacitors 2a, b also have porcelain housings and are arranged parallel to the main switching points 1a, b. The housings of the main switching points 1a. b connect, opposite each other, to a housing 7 filled with SF 6 , which consists of metal, preferably cast aluminum, and which contains the gearbox 6, which is connected to the drive 5, not shown, via a switching rod 8 made of insulating material. The on-resistance 3 is divided into two columns of resistance elements lying in series. The movable contact piece of the first main switching point 1a a and the movable contact piece 9 of the secondary switching point 4 are electrically conductively connected to the housing 7.

Dabei sind der Einschaltwiderstand 3 und die Nebenschaltstelle 4 im Gehäuse 7 angeordnet, über welches auch die elektrisch leitende Verbindung zwischen der ersten Hauptschaltstelle 1a und dem Einschaltwiderstand 3 hergestellt ist. Der dem mit dem Gehäuse 7 verbundenen gegenüberliegende Anschluss des Einschaltwiderstands 3 ist einerseits mit dem feststehenden Schaltstück 10 der Nebenschaltstelle 4 und andererseits über einen Verbindungsleiter 11 mit dem beweglichen Schaltstück der gegen das Gehäuse 7 isolierten, d. h. mit demselben nur mittelbar, über den Einschaltwiderstand 3 und - falls diese geschlossen ist - die Nebenschaltstelle 4, verbundenen zweiten Hauptschaltstelle 1 b elektrisch leitend verbunden.The on-resistance 3 and the secondary switching point 4 are arranged in the housing 7, via which the electrically conductive connection between the first main switching point 1 a and the on-resistance 3 is also established. The opposite connection of the on-resistance 3 connected to the housing 7 is connected on the one hand to the fixed switching element 10 of the secondary switching point 4 and on the other hand via a connecting conductor 11 to the movable switching element which is insulated from the housing 7, i. H. with the same only indirectly, via the switch-on resistor 3 and - if it is closed - the secondary switching point 4, connected second main switching point 1 b electrically connected.

Das Schaltgetriebe 6 enthält in seinem grundsätzlichen Aufbau zwei Umlenkhebel 12a, b, welche einander gegenüberliegend seitlich der Schaltstange 8 am Gehäuse 7 angelenkt sind. Sie sind einerseits über Hubstangen 13a, b mit einem an der Schaltstange 8 befestigten Kolben 14 und andererseits über Hubrohre 15a, b, wobei das Hubrohr 15b im wesentlichen aus Isolierstoff besteht, jeweils mit dem beweglichen Schaltstück der entsprechenden Hauptschaltstelle 1 bzw. 1 b kraftschlüssig verbunden.In its basic construction, the manual transmission 6 contains two bellcranks 12a, b, which are articulated opposite one another laterally on the selector rod 8 on the housing 7. They are connected on the one hand via lifting rods 13a, b with a piston 14 fastened to the shift rod 8 and on the other hand via lifting tubes 15a, b, the lifting tube 15b consisting essentially of insulating material, in each case non-positively connected to the movable switching element of the corresponding main switching point 1 or 1b .

Dabei weist das Schaltgetriebe 6 ein als Führungsstange 16 mit, an ihrem Ende, einem Stempel 17 ausgebildetes, mit der Schaltstange 8 starr verbundenes, in der Fortsetzung derselben in das Innere des Gehäuses 7 ragendes Führungsteil auf, das bei der Betätigung der Nebenschaltstelle 4 mitwirkt. Weiters weist das Schaltgetriebe 6 einen hülsenförmigen, an der Führungsstange 16 geführten Schleuderkolben 18 auf, welcher über Mitnehmerstangen 19a, b mit den Umlenkhebein 12a, b kraftschlüssig verbunden ist.Here, the gearbox 6 has a guide rod 16 with, at its end, a plunger 17, rigidly connected to the shift rod 8 and, in the continuation thereof, projecting into the interior of the housing 7, which participates in the actuation of the secondary switching point 4. Furthermore, the gearbox 6 has a sleeve-shaped centrifugal piston 18, which is guided on the guide rod 16 and which is non-positively connected to the deflection legs 12a, b via driver rods 19a, b.

Das bewegliche Schaltstück 9 der Nebenschaltstelle 4 ist an einem Verbindungsteil angebracht, welches als über die Führungsstange 16 gestülpter, in einem mit dem Gehäuse 7 starr verbundenen Führungsring 20 geführter Hohlzylinder 21 ausgebildet ist. Der Hohlzylinder 21 und die Führungsstange 16 sind in der Richtung der Schaltbewegungen begrenzt gegeneinander verschieblich, wobei der die Verschiebbarkeit der Führungsstange 16 gegenüber dem Hohlzylinder 21 in Ausschaltrichtung begrenzende Anschlag durch die Rückseite des Stempels 17 und eine dem Innern des Hohlzylinders 21 zugewandte Ausziehfläche 22 an einem Ring 23, welcher am ausschaltseitigen Ende desselben angebracht ist, gebildet wird. Einschaltseitig ist das Innere des Hohlzylinders 21 durch eine Anschlagfläche 24 begrenzt. Die Aussenseite des Ringes 23 ist als Schleuderfläche 25, welche mit dem Schleuderkolben 18 zusammenwirkt, ausgebildet. Der Führungsring 20 weist ausschaltseitig einen gepolsterten Anschlag 26 auf, welcher mit einem radial nach aussen vorspringenden Teil des Rings 23 zusammenwirkt. Eine am Führungsring 20 verankerte Zugfeder 27 ist mit ihrem gegenüberliegenden Ende am beweglichen Schaltstück 9 der Nebenschaltstelle 4 befestigt.The movable switching element 9 of the secondary switching point 4 is attached to a connecting part which is designed as a hollow cylinder 21 which is slipped over the guide rod 16 and guided in a guide ring 20 which is rigidly connected to the housing 7. The hollow cylinder 21 and the guide rod 16 can be displaced relative to one another to a limited extent in the direction of the switching movements, the stop limiting the displaceability of the guide rod 16 relative to the hollow cylinder 21 in the switching-off direction by the back of the plunger 17 and an extension surface 22 facing the inside of the hollow cylinder 21 on one Ring 23, which is attached to the opening end thereof, is formed. The inside of the hollow cylinder 21 is delimited by a stop surface 24 on the switch side. The outside of the ring 23 is a slingshot surface 25, which cooperates with the centrifugal piston 18, formed. On the switch-off side, the guide ring 20 has a padded stop 26 which interacts with a part of the ring 23 which projects radially outwards. A tension spring 27 anchored on the guide ring 20 is fastened with its opposite end to the movable switching element 9 of the secondary switching point 4.

Das feststehende Schaltstück 10 der Nebenschaltstelle 4 weist einen Nennstromkontakt mit kranzartig angeordneten Kontaktfingern 28 auf, welche in der Einschaltstellung mittels Federeiementen 29 gegen einen ringförmigen beweglichen Nennstromkontakt 30 gepresst sind, welchen. sie an seiner Aussenseite kontaktieren. Die Kontaktfinger 28 weisen Nocken 31 auf, welche zusammen mit einem umlaufenden Wulst 32 am beweglichen Nennstromkontakt 30, hinter den sie eingreifen, eine Raste bilden, welche in der Einschaltstellung zwischen dem feststehenden Schaltstück 10 und dem beweglichen Schaltstück 9 der Nebenschaltstelle 4 wirksam ist, und zwar derart, dass die Einrastung der durch die Zugfeder 27 ausgeübten Kraft standhält. Die Kontaktfinger 28 umgeben koaxial mit Abstand einen rohrförmig ausgebildeten, mittig angeordneten, feststehenden Abbrandkontakt 33, welcher mit einem vom beweglichen Nennstromkontakt 30 koaxial mit Abstand umgebenen, stiftförmig ausgebildeten beweglichen Abbrandkontakt 34 zusammenwirkt.The fixed contact piece 10 of the secondary switching point 4 has a nominal current contact with ring-shaped contact fingers 28, which are pressed in the switched-on position by means of spring elements 29 against an annular movable nominal current contact 30, which. contact them on its outside. The contact fingers 28 have cams 31 which, together with a circumferential bead 32 on the movable nominal current contact 30, behind which they engage, form a catch which is effective in the switched-on position between the fixed contact piece 10 and the movable contact piece 9 of the secondary switching point 4, and in such a way that the engagement withstands the force exerted by the tension spring 27. The contact fingers 28 coaxially surround, at a distance, a tubular, centrally arranged, fixed erosion contact 33, which interacts with a movable erosion contact 34, which is coaxially surrounded by the movable nominal current contact 30 and at a distance.

Im folgenden wird anhand der Figuren 1a-d. 2a, b, 3-6 die Funktion des erfindungsgemässen Schalters gemäss der ersten Ausführungsform erläutert.In the following, FIGS. 1a-d. 2a, b, 3-6 explains the function of the switch according to the invention according to the first embodiment.

Dabei sind in Fig. 6 auf der Abszisse die Zeit und auf der Ordinate die Hübe der beweglichen Schaltstücke der Hauptschaltstrecken 1a, b (strichpunktierte Linie) des Schleuderkolbens 18 (gestrichelte Linie) und des beweglichen Schaltstücks 9 der Nebenschaltstelle 4 (durchgezogene Linie) aufgetragen. Die Bezeichnungen 2a, 1, 2a, r, 2b, 1, 2b, r unterhalb der Abszisse verweisen auf die jeweils den zum gegebenen Zeitpunkt erreichten Zustand des Schalters darstellenden Figuren 2a, b, linke und rechte Hälfte. Die Klammern unterhalb der Abszisse mit den Bezeichnungen la-ld bezeichnen den jeweiligen elektrischen Zustand des Schalters, wie er in den Figuren 1a-d dargestellt ist.The time is plotted on the abscissa in FIG. 6 and the strokes of the movable switching elements of the main switching sections 1a, b (dash-dotted line) of the centrifugal piston 18 (dashed line) and of the movable switching element 9 of the secondary switching point 4 (solid line) are plotted on the abscissa. The designations 2a, 1, 2a, r, 2b, 1, 2b, r below the abscissa refer to FIGS. 2a, b, left and right halves, which represent the state of the switch at the given time. The brackets below the abscissa with the designations la-ld denote the respective electrical state of the switch, as shown in FIGS. 1a-d.

Aus dem zu einem Zeitpunkt A eingenommenen, in Fig. 2a, linke Hälfte, dargestellten Ausschaltzustand, in welchem der Schalter sich im in Fig. 1a dargestellten elektrischen Zustand befindet-die Hauptschaltstellen 1a, b und die Nebenschaltstelle 4 sind offen - wird der Schalter durch Aufwärtsbewegung der Schaltstange 8, was ein Drehen der Umlenkhebel 12a, b und damit ein Einleiten der Schliessbewegung der beweglichen Schaltstücke der Hauptschaltstellen 1a, b und ein Hochziehen des Schleuderkolbens 18 durch die Mitnehmerstangen 19a, b bewirkt sowie ein Hochschieben des Stempels 17, in einen zu einem Zeitpunkt B erreichten ersten Zwischenzustand, dargestellt in Fig. 2a, rechte Hälfte, gebracht, in dem die Hauptschaltstellen 1a, b noch nicht ganz geschlossen sind, das bewegliche Schaltstück 9 der Nebenschaltstelle noch, durch die Zugfeder 27 gehalten, auf dem Führungsring 20 aufsitzt und die Anschlagfläche 24 eben vom Stempel 17 berührt wird, während der Schleuderkolben 18 die Schleuderfläche 25 noch nicht ganz erreicht hat.From the switch-off state assumed at time A in FIG. 2a, left half, in which the switch is in the electrical state shown in FIG. 1a-the main switching points 1a, b and the secondary switching point 4 are open - the switch is switched on Upward movement of the shift rod 8, which causes a turning of the bellcranks 12a, b and thus initiation of the closing movement of the movable switching elements of the main switching points 1a, b and a pulling up of the centrifugal piston 18 by the driving rods 19a, b and pushing up the plunger 17 into one 2a, right half, when the main switching points 1a, b are not yet fully closed, the movable contact piece 9 of the secondary switching point is still held on the guide ring 20 by the tension spring 27 and the stop surface 24 is just touched by the stamp 17, while the centrifugal piston 18 the centrifugal surface he has not quite reached 25.

Kurz darauf, zu einem Zeitpunkt C, erreicht der Schalter einen Zustand, in dem sich die Hauptschaltstellen 1a, b eben schliessen und der Schleuderkolben 18, der sich, von den Mitnehmerstangen 19a, b gezogen, die in der Ausschaltstellung einen spitzen Winkel zur Schaltstange 8 einnahmen, der sich aber im Laufe der Einschaltbewegung weiter geöffnet hat, so dass der Schleuderkolben 18 nun bereits bei geringem Hub der Schaltstange 8 eine relativ grosse Strecke an der Führungsstange 16 hochgezogen wird, die Schleuderfläche 25 berührt. Der Schalter nimmt den in Fig. 1b dargestellten elektrischen Zustand an - die Hauptschaltstellen 1a, b sind geschlossen, die Nebenschaltstelle 4 offen - und der Strom fliesst vom beweglichen Schaltstück der ersten Hauptschaltstelle 1a über das Metellgehäuse 7, durch den Einschaltwiderstand 3 und den Verbindungsleiter 11 zum beweglichen Schaltstück der zweiten Hauptschaltstelle 1b.Shortly thereafter, at a point in time C, the switch reaches a state in which the main switching points 1a, b just close and the centrifugal piston 18, which is pulled by the driving rods 19a, b, which in the switched-off position forms an acute angle to the switching rod 8 Income, which has opened further in the course of the switch-on movement, so that the centrifugal piston 18 is now pulled up a relatively large distance on the guide rod 16 even with a small stroke of the shift rod 8, which touches the centrifugal surface 25. The switch assumes the electrical state shown in FIG. 1b - the main switching points 1a, b are closed, the secondary switching point 4 is open - and the current flows from the movable switching element of the first main switching point 1a via the metal housing 7, through the switch-on resistor 3 and the connecting conductor 11 to the movable contact piece of the second main switching point 1b.

Im weiteren Verlauf der Einschaltbewegung wird der Hohlzylinder 21 durch den Schleuderkolben 18 hochgeschoben, bis das bewegliche Schaltstück 9 der Nebenschaltstelle 4 zu einem Zeitpunkt D das feststehende Schaltstück 10 derselben erreicht, wobei Vorzündungen von den Abbrandkontakten aufgefangen werden, und zu einem kurz darauf erreichten Zeitpunkt E der bewegliche Nennstromkontakt 30 mit den Kontaktfingern 28 einrastet. Damit ist der in Fig. 2b, linke Hälfte, dargestellte Einschaltzustand erreicht, der Schalter hat bereits zum Zeitpunkt D den in Fig. 1c dargestellten elektrischen Zustand - die Hauptschaltstellen 1a, b und die Nebenschaltstelle 4 sind geschlossen - angenommen, der Strom fliesst vom beweglichen Schaltstück der ersten Hauptschaltstelle 1a über das Gehäuse 7 und im wesentlichen über den Führungsring 20 und den Hohlzylinder 21 zur Nebenschaltstelle 4 und von dieser über den Verbindungsleiter 11 zum beweglichen Schaltstück der zweiten Hauptschaltstelle 1 b. Der Einschaltwiderstand 3 ist kurzgeschlossen.In the further course of the switch-on movement, the hollow cylinder 21 is pushed up by the centrifugal piston 18 until the movable switching element 9 of the secondary switching point 4 reaches the fixed switching element 10 at a time D, pre-ignition is absorbed by the erosion contacts, and at a time E shortly thereafter the movable nominal current contact 30 engages with the contact fingers 28. The switch-on state shown in FIG. 2b, left half, is thus reached, the switch has already assumed the electrical state shown in FIG. 1c at time D - the main switching points 1a, b and the secondary switching point 4 are closed - the current flows from the movable one Switching element of the first main switching point 1a via the housing 7 and essentially via the guide ring 20 and the hollow cylinder 21 to the secondary switching point 4 and from there via the connecting conductor 11 to the movable switching element of the second main switching point 1b. The on-resistance 3 is short-circuited.

Der zeitliche Abstand zwischen dem Schliessen der Hauptschaltstellen 1a, b zum Zeitpunkt C und dem Schliessen der Nebenschaltstelle 4 zum Zeitpunkt D beträgt etwa 8 ms. Die Ausbildung des Schaltgetriebes 6 mit dem von den Mitnehmerstangen 19a, b gezogenen Schleuderkolben 18 ermöglicht es, dass beim Einschaltvorgang das bewegliche Schaltstück 9 der Nebenschaltstelle 4 in der Ausschaltstellung bleibt, während die beweglichen Schaltstücke der Hauptschaltstellen 1a, b jeweils einen ersten Teil der zwischen ihrer Ausschaltstellung und ihrer Einschaltstellung liegenden Strecke durchlaufen und die gesamte zwischen seiner Einschaltstellung und seiner Ausschaltstellung liegende Strecke zurücklegt, während die beweglichen Schaltstücke der Hauptschaltstellen 1a, b jeweils den verbleibenden Teil der zwischen ihrer Einschaltstellung und ihrer Ausschaltstellung liegenden Strecke durchlaufen, d. h. mit einem geringen Resthub der Schaltstange 8. Dadurch bleibt lange der maximale Abstand zwischen den Schaltstücken der Nebenschaltstelle 4 erhalten und Vorzündungen können erst kurz vor dem Schliessen derselben einsetzen.The time interval between the closing of the main switching points 1a, b at time C and the closing of the secondary switching point 4 at time D is approximately 8 ms. The design of the gearbox 6 with the centrifugal piston 18 pulled by the drive rods 19a, b enables the movable contact piece 9 of the secondary switching point 4 to remain in the off position during the switching-on process, while the movable contact pieces of the main switching points 1a, b each have a first part between them Go through the switch-off position and its switch-on position and the ge covers the entire distance between its switch-on position and its switch-off position, while the movable switching elements of the main switching points 1a, b each run through the remaining part of the distance between their switch-on position and their switch-off position, ie with a small remaining stroke of the switching rod 8. This means that the maximum distance remains for a long time receive between the switching elements of the secondary switching point 4 and pre-ignition can only start shortly before the same.

Der Ausschaltvorgang wird durch die beginnende Abwärtsbewegung der Schaltstange 8 eingeleitet, welche zu einem Zeitpunkt F die Oeffnung der Hauptschaltstellen 1a, b und das Ziehen von Lichtbögen an derselben bewirkt. Auch der Schleuderkolben 18, der beim Ausschaltvorgang keine Funktion hat, sowie der Stempel 17 bewegen sich nach unten, die Nebenschaltstelle 4 bleibt jedoch geschlossen, da die Einrastung des beweglichen Schaltstücks 9 am feststehenden Schaltstück 10 derselben der durch die Zugfeder 27 ausgeübten Kraft standhält.The switch-off process is initiated by the beginning of the downward movement of the switching rod 8, which at a time F causes the main switching points 1 a, b to open and the arcing of the latter. The centrifugal piston 18, which has no function during the switching-off process, and the plunger 17 move downward, but the secondary switching point 4 remains closed, since the engagement of the movable switching element 9 on the fixed switching element 10 withstands the force exerted by the tension spring 27.

Zum Zeitpunkt G - die beweglichen Schaltstücke der Hauptschaltstellen 1a, b haben sich inzwischen weiter von deren feststehenden Schaltstücken fortbewegt und der Stempel 17 hat sich der Ausziehfläche 22 genähert, löschen die Lichtbögen in den Hauptschaltstellen 1a, b und der Schalter geht in den in Fig. 1d dargestellten elektrischen Zustand über - die Hauptschaltstellen 1a, b sind offen, die Nebenschaltstelle 4 geschlossen, der Strom ist unterbrochen.At time G - the movable switching elements of the main switching points 1a, b have now moved further away from their fixed switching elements and the plunger 17 has approached the pull-out surface 22, extinguishing the arcs in the main switching points 1a, b and the switch goes into the position shown in FIG. 1d electrical state shown - the main switching points 1a, b are open, the secondary switching point 4 is closed, the current is interrupted.

Der Steuerkondensator 2b, der zusammen mit dem Steuerkondensator 2a für eine gleichmässige Aufteilung der Spannung zwischen der ersten Hauptschaltstelle 1a und der zweiten Hauptschaltstelle 1 b sorgt, ist bei geschlossener Nebenschaltstelle 4 über das Gehäuse 7 und die Nebenschaltstelle zur zweiten Hauptschaltstelle 1b parallel geschaltet.The control capacitor 2b, which together with the control capacitor 2a ensures an even distribution of the voltage between the first main switching point 1a and the second main switching point 1b, is connected in parallel with the secondary switching point 4 via the housing 7 and the secondary switching point to the second main switching point 1b.

Die weitere Abwärtsbewegung der Schaltstange 8 bringt zu einem Zeitpunkt H die Rückseite des Stempels 17 mit der Ausziehfläche 22 in Kontakt und damit den Schalter in den in Fig. 2b, rechte Hälfte, dargestellten Zustand. Die vom Stempel 17 ausgeübte Kraft löst die Einrastung zwischen dem beweglichen Schaltstück 9 und dem feststehenden Schaltstück 10 der Nebenschaltstelle 4, die sich zum Zeitpunkt I trennen, womit der Schalter wieder den in Fig. 1a dargestellten elektrischen Zustand erreicht - alle Schaltstellen sind offen.The further downward movement of the switching rod 8 brings the back of the plunger 17 into contact with the pull-out surface 22 at a time H and thus the switch in the state shown in FIG. 2b, right half. The force exerted by the plunger 17 releases the latching between the movable switching element 9 and the fixed switching element 10 of the secondary switching point 4, which separate at time I, with which the switch again reaches the electrical state shown in FIG. 1a - all switching points are open.

Der Resthub der Schaltstange 8 bringt nun die beweglichen Schaltstücke der Hauptschaltstellen 1a, b und den Stempel 17, die Zugfeder 27 das bewegliche Schaltstück 9 der Nebenschaltstelle 4 in die in Fig. 2a, linke Hälfte, dargestellte Ausschaltstellung zurück.The remaining stroke of the switching rod 8 now brings the movable switching elements of the main switching points 1a, b and the plunger 17, the tension spring 27 the movable switching element 9 of the secondary switching point 4 back to the switch-off position shown in FIG. 2a, left half.

In Fig. 7 ist ein erfindungsgemässer Hochspannungsschalter gemäss einer zweiten Ausführungsform dargestellt, der in seinem Aufbau und seiner mechanischen Funktion vollständig dem bereits erläuterten Hochspannungsschalter gemäss der ersten Ausführungsform entspricht, sich von demselben jedoch durch ein geringfügig modifiziertes Schaltungsprinzip, dargestellt in Fig. 8, unterscheidet.FIG. 7 shows a high-voltage switch according to the invention in accordance with a second embodiment, the structure and mechanical function of which correspond completely to the high-voltage switch according to the first embodiment already explained, but differ from the latter by a slightly modified circuit principle, shown in FIG. 8 .

Der Einschaltwiderstand 3 ist wiederum in zwei Säulen aufgeteilt, welche zwei gleich grosse, in Reihe liegende Teilwiderstände, nämlich einen ersten Teilwiderstand 3a und einen zweiten Teilwiderstand 3b, bilden. Das die beiden Teilwiderstände 3a, b verbindende Leiterstück ist über ein Verbindungsstück 35 auch mit dem metallenen Gehäuse 7 elektrisch leitend verbunden.The turn-on resistor 3 is in turn divided into two columns, which form two equal partial resistors lying in series, namely a first partial resistor 3a and a second partial resistor 3b. The conductor piece connecting the two partial resistors 3a, b is also connected in an electrically conductive manner to the metal housing 7 via a connection piece 35.

Die erste Hauptschaltstelle 1a ist mit dem Einschaltwiderstand 3 und mit dem beweglichen Schaltstück 9 der Nebenschaltstelle 4 über einen ersten Verbindungsleiter 11a und die zweite Hauptschaltstelle über einen zweiten Verbindungsleiter 11b mit dem Einschaltwiderstand 3 und dem feststehenden Schaltstück 10 der Nebenschaltstelle 4 verbunden. Beide Hauptschaltstellen 1a, b sind vom Gehäuse 7 isoliert, d. h. mit demselben nur mittelbar, jeweils über einen der Teilwiderstände 3a, b verbunden. Die Führungsstange 16 und der Schleuderkolben 18 sowie beide Hubrohre 15a, b bestehen aus Isolierstoff.The first main switching point 1a is connected to the switch-on resistor 3 and to the movable switching element 9 of the secondary switching point 4 via a first connecting conductor 11a and the second main switching point is connected to the switching resistor 3 and the fixed switching element 10 of the secondary switching point 4 via a second connecting conductor 11b. Both main switching points 1a, b are isolated from the housing 7, i. H. connected to it only indirectly, in each case via one of the partial resistors 3a, b. The guide rod 16 and the centrifugal piston 18 and both lifting tubes 15a, b are made of insulating material.

In seiner Funktion entspricht der erfindungsgemässe Schalter gemäss der zweiten Ausführungsform praktisch vollkommen dem erfindungsgemässen Schalter gemäss der ersten Ausführungsform. Der Unterschied liegt darin, dass, wenn sich der Schalter im in Fig. 8 dargestellten, während des Einschaltvorganges durchlaufenen Zwischenzustand mit geschlossenen Hauptschaltstellen 1a, b und offener Nebenschaltstelle 4, also eingeschaltetem Einschaltwiderstand 3 befindet, das Potential des Gehäuses 7 in der Mitte zwischen den beiden an den gegenüberliegenden Enden des Einschaltwiderstands 3 anliegenden Potentialen liegt, da über jeden der beiden Teilwiderstände 3a, b jeweils die Hälfte der am Einschaltwiderstand- 3 anliegenden Spannung abfällt. Dadurch brauchen, im Gegensatz zum Schalter gemäss der ersten Ausführungsform, das feststehende Schaltstück 10 der Nebenschaltstelle 4, die zweite Hauptschaltstelle 1 b sowie der beide verbindende Verbindungsleiter 11b gegen das Gehäuse 7 nur für die halbe Schaltspannung isoliert zu sein. Entsprechend genügt auch zwischen dem beweglichen Schaltstück 9, der ersten Hauptschaltstelle 1a und dem beide untereinander und mit dem Einschaltwiderstand 3 verbindenden Verbindungsleiter 11a einerseits und dem Gehäuse 7 andererseits eine für die halbe Schaltspannung ausgelegte Isolation.In terms of its function, the switch according to the invention according to the second embodiment corresponds practically completely to the switch according to the invention according to the first embodiment. The difference is that if the switch is in the intermediate state shown in FIG. 8, which was run through during the switch-on process with closed main switching points 1a, b and open secondary switching point 4, i.e. switched-on resistor 3, the potential of the housing 7 is in the middle between the two potentials present at the opposite ends of the on-resistance 3 since half of the voltage across the on-resistance 3 drops across each of the two partial resistors 3a, b. In contrast to the switch according to the first embodiment, the fixed switching element 10 of the secondary switching point 4, the second main switching point 1b and the connecting conductor 11b connecting the two need only be insulated from the housing 7 for half the switching voltage. Correspondingly, between the movable contact piece 9, the first main switching point 1a and the connecting conductor 11a on the one hand and the connection resistor 3 connecting the on-resistance 3 and the housing 7 on the other hand, insulation designed for half the switching voltage is sufficient.

In Fig. 9a, b, 10, 11 ist ein erfindungsgemässer Hochspannungsschalter gemäss einer dritten konstruktiven Ausführung dargestellt. Er entspricht bezüglich seines grundsätzlichen Aufbaus und seines elektrischen Prinzips vollständig und auch bezüglich seines mechanischen Prinzips im wesentlichen dem oben erläuterten Hochspannungsschalter gemäss der ersten Ausführungsform.9a, b, 10, 11, a high-voltage switch according to the invention is shown according to a third design. It corresponds completely in terms of its basic structure and its electrical principle and also in terms of its mechanical principle essentially to the high-voltage switch according to the first embodiment explained above.

Das mit der Schaltstange 8 starr verbundene, in der Fortsetzung desselben in das Innere des Gehäuses 7, das wiederum aus Metall besteht, ragende Führungsteil weist ein als Führungszylinder 16 ausgebildetes Endstück auf und das das bewegliche Schaltstück 9 der Nebenschaltstelle 4 mit dem Führungszylinder 16' verbindende Verbindungsteil ist als Verbindungsstange 21' ausgebildet, die mit einem Ende am beweglichen Schaltstück 9 angelenkt ist und am gegenüberliegenden Ende einen angelenkten Anschlagkolben 17' trägt, der im Führungszylinder 16' geführt ist. Der die Verschiebbarkeit des Führungszylinders 16' gegenüber der Verbindungsstange 21' in Ausschaltrichtung begrenzende Anschlag wird durch eine dem Innern des Führungszylinders 16' zugewandte Ausziehfläche 22 an einem Ring 23, welcher am einschaltseitigen Ende desselben angebracht ist, und der Rückseite des Anschlagkolbens 17' gebildet. Ausschaltseitig ist das Innere des Führungszylinders 16' durch eine Anschlagfläche 24 begrenzt.The rigidly connected to the shift rod 8, in the continuation of the same in the interior of the Housing 7, which in turn is made of metal, has a guide part projecting from an end piece designed as a guide cylinder 16, and the connecting part connecting the movable switching piece 9 of the secondary switching point 4 to the guide cylinder 16 'is designed as a connecting rod 21' which has one end on the movable switching piece 9 is articulated and carries an articulated stop piston 17 'at the opposite end, which is guided in the guide cylinder 16'. The stop limiting the displaceability of the guide cylinder 16 'relative to the connecting rod 21' in the switch-off direction is formed by an extension surface 22 facing the inside of the guide cylinder 16 'on a ring 23 which is attached to the switch-on end thereof and the rear side of the stop piston 17'. On the switch-off side, the interior of the guide cylinder 16 'is delimited by a stop surface 24.

Das bewegliche Kontaktstück 9 der Nebenschaltstelle 4 ist als am Gehäuse 7 angelenkter Messerkontakt ausgebildet. Eine mit einem Ende am Gehäuse 7 verankerte Zugfeder 27 ist mit ihrem gegenüberliegenden Ende an demselben befestigt.The movable contact piece 9 of the secondary switching point 4 is designed as a knife contact articulated on the housing 7. A tension spring 27 anchored at one end to the housing 7 is attached to the opposite end thereof.

Das feststehende Schaltstück 10 der Nebenschaltstelle 4 weist einen feststehenden Nennstromkontakt mit in zwei einander gegenüberliegenden Reihen angeordneten Kontaktfingern 28 auf, welche in der Einschaltstellung mittels Federelementen 29 seitlich gegen den durch einen Abschnitt der einschaltseitigen Kante des beweglichen Schaltstücks 9 gebildeten beweglichen Nennstromkontakt 30 gedrückt werden. Die Kontaktfinger 28 weisen Nocken 31 auf, welche zusammen mit zwei seitlichen Wülsten 32a, b am beweglichen Nennstromkontakt 30, hinter die sie eingreifen, eine in der Einschaltstellung gegen die Kraft der Zugfeder 27 zwischen dem feststehenden Schaltstück 10 und dem beweglichen Schaltstück 9 der Nebenschaltstelle 4 wirksame Raste bilden. In der Fortsetzung der Doppelreihe von Kontaktfingern 28 ist ein zangenartiger feststehender Abbrandkontakt 33 angeordnet, welcher mit einem in der Fortsetzung des beweglichen Nennstromkontakts 30 am beweglichen Schaltstück 9 angeordneten feststehenden Abbrandkontakt 33 zusammenwirkt, der als an der einschaltseitigen Kante des beweglichen Schaltstücks 3 angebrachte Nocke ausgebildet ist. Ein gleichfalls eine Doppelreihe von Kontaktfingern aufweisender Zusatzkontakt 36 sorgt in der Einschaltstellung für eine gut leitende Verbindung zwischen dem Gehäuse 7 und dem beweglichen Schaltstück 9 der Nebenschaltstelle 4.The fixed contact piece 10 of the secondary switching point 4 has a fixed nominal current contact with contact fingers 28 arranged in two opposite rows, which in the switched-on position are pressed laterally by spring elements 29 against the movable nominal current contact 30 formed by a section of the switch-on edge of the movable contact piece 9. The contact fingers 28 have cams 31 which, together with two lateral beads 32a, b on the movable nominal current contact 30, behind which they engage, one in the switched-on position against the force of the tension spring 27 between the fixed switching element 10 and the movable switching element 9 of the secondary switching point 4 form effective detents. In the continuation of the double row of contact fingers 28, a pincer-like fixed erosion contact 33 is arranged, which interacts with a fixed erosion contact 33 arranged in the continuation of the movable rated current contact 30 on the movable contact piece 9, which is designed as a cam attached to the switch-on edge of the movable contact piece 3 . An additional contact 36, which likewise has a double row of contact fingers, ensures a good conductive connection between the housing 7 and the movable contact piece 9 of the secondary switching point 4 in the switched-on position.

Im folgenden wird anhand der Figuren 1a-d, 9a, b, 10-12 die Funktion des erfindungsgemässen Schalters gemäss der dritten Ausführungsform, die im wesentlichen zur bereits erläuterten Funktion des erfindungsgemässen Schalters gemäss der ersten Auführungsform analog ist, kurz erläutert. Dabei sind in Fig. 10 auf der Abszisse wiederum die Zeit und auf der Ordinate die Hübe der beweglichen Schaltstücke der Hauptschaltstellen 1a, b (strichpunktierte Linie) und des beweglichen Schaltstücks 9 der Nebenschaltstelle 4 (durchgezogene Linie) aufgetragen. Die Bezeichnungen 9a, 9b unterhalb der Abszisse verweisen auf die jeweils den zum gegebenen Zeitpunkt erreichten Zustand des Schalters darstellenden Figuren 9a, b. Die Klammern unterhalb der Abszisse mit den Bezeichnungen 1a-1d bezeichnen wieder den jeweiligen elektrischen Zustand des Schalters, wie er in den Figuren 1a-d dargestellt ist.The function of the switch according to the invention according to the third embodiment, which is essentially analogous to the already explained function of the switch according to the invention according to the first embodiment, is briefly explained below with reference to FIGS. 1a-d, 9a, b, 10-12. In this case, time is plotted on the abscissa in FIG. 10 and the strokes of the movable switching elements of the main switching points 1a, b (dash-dotted line) and of the moving switching element 9 of the secondary switching point 4 (solid line) are plotted on the ordinate. The designations 9a, 9b below the abscissa refer to FIGS. 9a, b each representing the state of the switch reached at the given time. The brackets below the abscissa with the designations 1a-1d again denote the respective electrical state of the switch, as is shown in FIGS. 1a-d.

Von der Position, in der sie sich im zum Zeitpunkt A eingenommenen, in Fig. 9a dargestellten Ausschaltzustand befindet, wird die Schaltstange 8 aufwärts bewegt, wobei zum Zeitpunkt B die Anschlagfläche 24 des Führungszylinders 16' den Anschlagkolben 17' berührt und kurz darauf, zum Zeitpunkt C, die Hauptschaltstellen 1a, b sich schliessen, wodurch der Schalter vom in Fig. 1a in den in Fig. 1b dargestellten elektrischen Zustand übergeht. Die erst zum Zeitpunkt B begonnene Aufwärtsbewegung des beweglichen Schaltstücks 9 der Nebenschaltstelle 4 führt zum Zeitpunkt D zur Berührung der beiden Schaltstücke derselben, wodurch der Schalter den elektrischen Zustand gemäss Fig. 1 annimmt. Kurz darauf, zum Zeitpunkt E, rastet der bewegliche Nennstromkontakt 30 mit den Kontaktfingern 28 des feststehenden Nennstromkontakts der Nebenschaltstelle 4 ein, der in Fig. 9b dargestellte Einschaltzustand ist erreicht.The switch rod 8 is moved upwards from the position in which it is in the switch-off state shown at time A in FIG. 9a, at time B the stop surface 24 of the guide cylinder 16 'touches the stop piston 17' and shortly thereafter for Time C, the main switching points 1a, b close, whereby the switch changes from the one in FIG. 1a to the electrical state shown in FIG. 1b. The upward movement of the movable switching element 9 of the secondary switching point 4, which only started at time B, leads to contact of the two switching elements thereof at time D, whereby the switch assumes the electrical state according to FIG. 1. Shortly thereafter, at time E, the movable nominal current contact 30 engages with the contact fingers 28 of the fixed nominal current contact of the secondary switching point 4, the switch-on state shown in FIG. 9b has been reached.

Abwärtsbewegung der Schaltstange 8 führt zur Oeffnung der Hauptschaltstellen la, b zum Zeitpunkt F und weiters zum Löschen der an denselben gezogenen Lichtbögen zum Zeitpunkt G, womit der Schalter den elektrischen Zustand von Fig. 1d erreicht. Zum Zeitpunkt H trifft die Ausziehfläche 22 auf die Rückseite des Anschlagkolbens 17', in der Folge löst sich die Einrastung zwischen dem beweglichen Schaltstück 9 und dem feststehenden Schaltstück 10 der Nebenschaltstelle 4, was zur Trennung derselben zum Zeitpunkt I führt. Der Schalter erreicht wiederum den elektrischen Zustand von Fig. 1a. Mit dem Resthub der Schaltstange 8 werden die Hauptschaltstellen 1a, b und der Führungszylinder 16', durch die Zugefeder 27 das bewegliche Schaltstück 9 der Nebenschaltstelle 4 in den Einschaltzustand gemäss Fig. 9a gebracht.Downward movement of the switching rod 8 leads to the opening of the main switching points la, b at time F and further to the extinction of the arcs drawn at the same time G, whereby the switch reaches the electrical state of FIG. 1d. At time H, the pull-out surface 22 meets the back of the stop piston 17 ', as a result the latching between the movable contact piece 9 and the fixed contact piece 10 of the secondary switching point 4 is released, which leads to the separation thereof at time I. The switch in turn reaches the electrical state of Fig. 1a. With the residual stroke of the switching rod 8, the main switching points 1a, b and the guide cylinder 16 'are brought into the switched-on state according to FIG. 9a by the spring 27, the movable switching element 9 of the secondary switching point 4.

Gegenüber der ersten und der zweiten hat die dritte Ausführungsform den Vorteil, dass sich die Umsetzung eines geringen Resthubs der Schaltstange 8 in eine verhältnismässig grosse Schaltbewegung des beweglichen Schaltstücks 9 dank der Ausbildung desselben als Messerkontakt durch geeignete Wahl des Anlenkpunktes desselben am Gehäuse 7 sowie der Abstände zwischen demselben und dem Anlenkpunkt der Verbindungsstange 16' am Messerkontakt einerseits sowie zwischen dem letzteren und dem beweglichen Abbrandkontakt 34 und dem beweglichen Nennstromkontakt 30 andererseits leicht bewerkstelligen lässt. Es ist kein Schleuderkolben erforderlich.Compared to the first and the second, the third embodiment has the advantage that the conversion of a small residual stroke of the shift rod 8 into a relatively large switching movement of the movable contact piece 9 thanks to its design as a knife contact by a suitable choice of the articulation point of the same on the housing 7 and of the distances between the same and the articulation point of the connecting rod 16 'on the knife contact on the one hand and between the latter and the movable erosion contact 34 and the movable nominal current contact 30 on the other hand. No centrifugal flask is required.

Die erste und die zweite Ausführungsform ermöglichen dagegen eine präzisere Führung des beweglichen Schaltstücks 9. Dank ihrer rotationssymmetrischen Ausbildung sind die wesentlichen Teile der Nebenschaltstelle 4 einfacher herzustellen.The first and second embodiments possible, however, a more precise guidance of the movable switching element 9. Thanks to its rotationally symmetrical design, the essential parts of the secondary switching point 4 are easier to manufacture.

Claims (10)

1. High-voltage breaker having a first main switching point (1a) and a second main switching point (1 b), which are in series, having at least one mating resistance (3) and at least one auxiliary switching point (4) and having a drive (5) which is common to the main switching points (1a. 1b) and to the auxiliary switching point (4) and a switching mechanism (6) via which the drive (5) actuates the switching points (1a, 1b, 4), characterized in that the at least one mating resistance (3) and the auxiliary switching point (4) are connected in parallel with one another between the first main switching point (1a) and the second main switching point (1 b), and that the switching mechanism (6) and the switching points (1a, 1b, 4) are constructed in such a manner that the auxiliary switching point (4) closes after the main switching points (1a, 1b) during the closing process and opens after the main switching points (1a, 1b) during the opening process.
2. High-voltage breaker according to Claim 1, characterized in that the switching mechanism (6) is constructed in such a manner that, during the closing process, the moving contact member (9) of the auxiliary switching point (4) remains in the open position whilst the moving contact members of the main switching points (1a, 1b) travel in each case through a first section of the distance between their open position and their closed position, and travels the entire distance between its closed position and its open position whilst the moving contact members of the main switching points (1a, 1b) travel in each case through the remaining section of the distance between their closed position and their open position.
3. High-voltage breaker according to Claim 1 or 2, having a housing (7) which contains the switching mechanism (6) and which is adjoined by the main switching points (1a, 1b), in which housing a non-positive connection between the drive (5) and the switching mechanism (6) is established by means of an operating rod (8) and the switching mechanism (6) exhibits a first shift lever (12a) and a second shift lever (12b) which, opposite to one another, are pivoted on the housing (7) laterally to the operating rod (8) and, on the one hand, are non-positively connected to the operating rod (8) and, on the other hand, to the moving contact member of the first main switching point (1a) or the second main switching point (1 b), respectively, characterized in that the switching mechanism (6) contains a guide part, rigidly connected to the operating rod (8) and projecting into the interior of the housing (7) in continuation of the former, which cooperates in the actuation of the auxiliary switching point (4).
4. High-voltage breaker according to Claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the moving contact member (9) of the auxiliary switching point (4) is at least non-positively connected to a connecting part and that the connecting part and the guide part are displaceable with respect to one another to a limited extent in the direction of the switching movements.
5. High-voltage breaker according to Claim 4, characterized in that, in the closed position, the moving contact member (9) of the auxiliary switching point (4) is loaded with a force acting in the opening direction by means of a tension spring (27) anchored on the housing (7) or at a part rigidly connected to the latter, and is locked to a part rigidly connected to the housing (7), in such a manner that the locking arrangement withstands the force exerted by the tension spring (27), but can be released by the force exerted in the opening direction by the guide part during the opening process and a stop, which limits the displaceability of the guide part with respect to the connecting part in the opening direction, exists which is reached by the guide part in the course of its opening movement.
6. High-voltage breaker according to one of Claims 3 to 5, in which the housing (7) consists of metal and the moving contact member of the first main switching point (1a) and a contact member of the auxiliary switching point (4) are electrically conductively connected to the housing, characterized in that the mating resistance (3) and the auxiliary switching point (4) are arranged in the housing (7), the electrically conductive connection between the first main switching point (1a) and the mating resistance (3) is established via the housing and the second main switching point (1 b) is not directly electrically conductively connected to the latter.
7. High-voltage breaker according to one of Claims 3 to.5, in which the housing (7) consists of metal, characterized in that the mating resistance (3) and the auxiliary switching point (4) are arranged in the housing (7), a connection electrically conductively connected to the housing (7) exists at the mating resistance (3) which divides the latter into a first part resistance (3a) and a second part resistance (3b) which are preferably of equal size, and the main switching points (1a, 1b) are not directly electrically conductively connected to the housing (7).
8. High-voltage breaker according to one of Claims 5 to 7, characterized in that
- the guide part is constructed as a guide rod (16) having at its end a stamp (17), and the connecting part is formed as hollow cylinder (21) which is put inverted over the guide rod (16) and which carries at its end facing the fixed contact member (10) of the auxiliary switching point (4) the moving contact member (9) of the latter,
- the stop limiting the displaceability of the guide rod (16) with respect to the hollow cylinder (21) in the opening direction is formed by the rear of the stamp (17) and a draw-out area (22), facing the interior of the hollow cylinder (21), on a ring (23) which is attached to the end facing away from the fixed contact member (10) of the auxiliary switching point (4),
- the hollow cylinder (21) is carried in a guide ring (20) rigidly connected to the housing (7),
- the tension spring (27) coaxially surrounds the hollow cylinder (21) and is anchored on the guide ring (20),
- the contact fingers (28) of the fixed contact member (10) of the auxiliary switching point (4), arranged like a ring, coaxially surround a centrally arranged fixed arcing contact (33) at a distance,
- the moving contact member (9) of the auxiliary switching point (4) contains an annular moving rated-current contact (30) which is contacted by the contact fingers (28) in the closed position and which coaxially surrounds a centrally arranged moving arcing contact (34) at a distance.
9. High-voltage breaker according to Claim 8, characterized in that the switching mechanism (6) exhibits a centrifugal piston (18), carried by the hollow cylinder (21) on the guide rod (16) on the opening side, which is non-positively connected to at least one shift lever (12a, 12b) by means of a driving rod (19a, 19b) which, in the opening position, assumes an acute angle with respect to the guide rod (16), its pivoting point on the centrifugal piston (18) being located on the opening side of its pivoting point on the shift lever (12a, 12b), and assumes approximately a right angle with respect to the guide rod (16) in the closed position, in such a manner that it impinges, in the course of the closing movement, against a throwing face (25) on the outside of the ring (23) which is attached to the end of the hollow cylinder (21) and pushes the hollow cylinder (21) into the closed position.
10. High-voltage breaker according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that
- the guide part exhibits an end section constructed as hollow guide cylinder (16') and the connecting part is constructed as connecting rod (21') which is pivoted with its end facing the fixed contact member (10) of the auxiliary switching point (4) at the moving contact member (9) of the latter and carries at the opposite end a pivoted stop piston (17') which is carried in the guide cylinder (16'),
- the stop limiting the displaceability of the guide cylinder (16') with respect to the connecting rod (21') in the opening direction is formed by a draw-out area (22), which faces the interior of the guide cylinder (16'), on a ring (23) which is attached to the end of the latter facing the fixed contact member (10) of the auxiliary switching point (4), and the rear of the stop piston (17'),
- the contact fingers (28) of the fixed contact member (10) are arranged in two mutually opposite rows in the continuation of which a pincer- like fixed arcing contact (33) is arranged,
- the moving contact member (9) of the auxiliary switching point (4) is constructed as a knife contact, pivoted at one end at the housing (7), which, in the closed position, is contacted on both sides by the contact fingers (28), with a moving arcing contact (34) which is constructed as toe attached to the edge of the moving contact member (9) facing the fixed contact member (10) of the auxiliary switching point (4).
EP84115216A 1984-02-23 1984-12-12 High-tension switch Expired EP0152583B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH884/84 1984-02-23
CH88484 1984-02-23

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0152583A2 EP0152583A2 (en) 1985-08-28
EP0152583A3 EP0152583A3 (en) 1986-06-04
EP0152583B1 true EP0152583B1 (en) 1988-06-15

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EP84115216A Expired EP0152583B1 (en) 1984-02-23 1984-12-12 High-tension switch

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US (1) US4636599A (en)
EP (1) EP0152583B1 (en)
DE (2) DE3413962A1 (en)

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US4488021A (en) * 1981-11-12 1984-12-11 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Gas insulated disconnector
JPS59125417A (en) * 1983-01-07 1984-07-19 Mitsubishi Electric Corp Vacuum switch type on-load tap changer

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2674984A1 (en) * 1991-04-05 1992-10-09 Alsthom Gec Circuit breaker with SF6, with built-in varistor and capacitor
US5235147A (en) * 1991-04-05 1993-08-10 Gec Alsthom Sa Sf6 circuit-breaker incorporating both a varistor and a capacitor
EP0779637A2 (en) 1995-12-16 1997-06-18 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Circuit breaker with closing resistor
DE19547098A1 (en) * 1995-12-16 1997-06-19 Asea Brown Boveri Power switch with arc-quenching chamber and switch-on resistor
US5814782A (en) * 1995-12-16 1998-09-29 Asea Brown Boveri Ag Rower circuit-breaker having a closing resistor

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3472182D1 (en) 1988-07-21
US4636599A (en) 1987-01-13
DE3413962A1 (en) 1985-08-29
EP0152583A2 (en) 1985-08-28
EP0152583A3 (en) 1986-06-04

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