EP0693999B1 - Magnetische trag- und vortriebsvorrichtung mit permanentmagneten und verschachteltem eisen oder stahl - Google Patents

Magnetische trag- und vortriebsvorrichtung mit permanentmagneten und verschachteltem eisen oder stahl Download PDF

Info

Publication number
EP0693999B1
EP0693999B1 EP94915373A EP94915373A EP0693999B1 EP 0693999 B1 EP0693999 B1 EP 0693999B1 EP 94915373 A EP94915373 A EP 94915373A EP 94915373 A EP94915373 A EP 94915373A EP 0693999 B1 EP0693999 B1 EP 0693999B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
magnetic
members
train
groups
magnets
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP94915373A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0693999A1 (de
EP0693999A4 (de
Inventor
Elberto Berdut
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US08/045,863 external-priority patent/US5431109A/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Publication of EP0693999A1 publication Critical patent/EP0693999A1/de
Publication of EP0693999A4 publication Critical patent/EP0693999A4/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0693999B1 publication Critical patent/EP0693999B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L13/00—Electric propulsion for monorail vehicles, suspension vehicles or rack railways; Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
    • B60L13/10—Combination of electric propulsion and magnetic suspension or levitation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K41/00—Propulsion systems in which a rigid body is moved along a path due to dynamo-electric interaction between the body and a magnetic field travelling along the path
    • H02K41/02—Linear motors; Sectional motors
    • H02K41/03—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors
    • H02K41/031—Synchronous motors; Motors moving step by step; Reluctance motors of the permanent magnet type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles

Definitions

  • This invention relates to a movable vehicle, such as a train, which uses a plurality of magnetic units, each comprising a plurality of permanent magnets and interleaved iron or steel members, for both levitation and for acting as a linear or rotary motor. More particularly, this invention relates to a levitated train using such magnetic units arranged to repel or attract each other, thus to lift the train off of a track while being laterally supported. More particularly, this invention relates to a levitated train which uses such magnetic units as a basis for a linear motor for propelling the train. Still more particularly, this invention relates to the magnetic units themselves, each having a plurality of permanent ceramic or ferrous magnets interleaved between associated sheets of malleable steel or malleable or molded iron.
  • Baermann thus proposed a magnetic levitation system using electromagnets arranged in a repulsive force arrangement with lateral support structures for the vehicle.
  • it remained a problem to avoid the need for providing power to such electromagnets.
  • Baermann shows main permanent magnets and additional permanent magnets that span spaces between the main magnets which have like poles facing like poles, thus to increase the available suspension forces.
  • US-A-4,641,065 discloses a moving coil type linear motor which comprises a rail of generally U-cross sections, permanent magnets of flat plate shape and magnetized in direction of thickness and provided on an inner side of the rails with varied polarities of magnetic poles next to each other.
  • a pair of coils are disposed opposingly with permanent magnets within the rail.
  • Brushes are provided with the respective coils, and a feeder pattern arranged on an inner side of the rail feeds electric powere to the coils through the brushes only when respective active coil parts of the coils are fully in the magnetic flux of the same direction.
  • the permanent magnets comprise ceramic magnets or ferrous magnets.
  • a plurality of permanent magnets such as ceramic or ferrous magnets individually using malleable steel or malleable or molded iron between the magnets, and a plurality of such magnetic units connected together with such magnetically permeable members therebetween.
  • the invention relates to a magnetic unit as claimed in claim 1 and to a motor as claimed in claim 13.
  • a main feature of the invention relates to a magnetic unit comprising a plurality of groups of permanent magnets such as ceramic or ferrous magnets arranged in a side-by-side relationship, each plurality being separated from an adjacent plurality by a magnetically permeable member, such as a malleable steel member or a malleable or molded iron member to focus the lines of magnetic flux.
  • a magnetically permeable member such as a malleable steel member or a malleable or molded iron member to focus the lines of magnetic flux.
  • each of the ceramic magnets within a group is also separated by an interleaved sheet of malleable steel.
  • Such a plurality of groups of ceramic magnets are secured together and to a supporting member through fastening members, and are separated from the support by a non-magnetic member, such as a non-ferrous plate.
  • a second plurality of groups of permanent magnets such as ceramic or ferrous magnets, are positioned adjacent to a first plurality of such groups of ceramic magnets with like or opposite poles of the magnets facing each other so that the first and the second pluralities of such groups of magnetics respectively repel or attract one another.
  • Those forces of repulsion or attraction are used to cause levitation of a vehicle such as a train.
  • a second feature of the invention relates to a combination of a plurality of such groups of magnetic units so arranged relative to a support member of a train and an adjacent track member.
  • a pair of such plurality of such groups of magnetic units are preferably positioned on opposed sides of the vehicle for balance and for increased levitation strength.
  • a hydraulic unit which may be microprocessor controlled, is used to adjust the air gap between respective pairs of such units.
  • a third main feature of the invention relates to the use of such units to provide a main component of a linear motor for propelling the train along the track.
  • the train By initially energizing a prime mover on the train to initiate movement, the train is aided in its travel by a plurality of such magnetic units providing repeated alternating zones of attraction and repulsion.
  • the momentum of the train By use of a brush arrangement, the momentum of the train, once movement is initiated, is aided by travel through the zones wherein the magnetic forces of attraction aid movement of the train by attracting the train toward an attraction zone, and magnetic forces of attraction also aid movement of the train by repelling the train away from a repulsion zone.
  • a train 10 incorporating the invention is supported on an elongated concrete beam member 11 supported above the terrain by a plurality of stanchions 12.
  • the beam member 11 includes a pair of spaced, opposed horizontal members 13, 14 extending generally horizontally at the top of the beam member 11, and a similar pair of spaced, opposed horizontal members 15, 16 extending generally horizontally at the bottom of the beam member 11.
  • the beam member thus defines a pair of opposed, generally horizontally-extending channels 17, 18 each receiving magnetic rails for the train 10 as will be discussed in greater detail.
  • the channel 17 is defined between the upper horizontally-extending member 13 and the lower horizontally-extending member 15, while the channel 18 is defined between the upper horizontally-extending member 14 and the lower horizontally extending member 16.
  • a second channel 20 is defined at the upper portion of the beam 11 for receiving a horizontally extending linear motor, referred to generally with the reference numeral 19.
  • the linear motor 19 will be discussed in greater detail later in this specification.
  • Fig. 2 is a transverse cross sectional view of the train 10 taken along the line 2-2 of Fig. 1.
  • the train 10 comprises, in simplified detail, an outer skin member 21 defining an interior compartment 22 having a plurality of seats 23 and overhead luggage compartments 24. An ingress/egress door is shown at 25.
  • the interior compartment is supported on a structural bearing member 26. It should be understood that the depiction of the train 10 is representative and that the actual construction can assume a number of different forms well known in the public transportation arts.
  • the structural bearing member 26 extends transversely to the beam 11 and has a spring-like structural bearing member 27 secured at its opposed ends to the bearing member 26.
  • a portion of the bearing member 27 is spaced from the bearing member 26 and contacts a massive C-shaped train support member 30 having a transversely extending surface portion 28, merging with opposed downwardly extending legs 29, 31 spaced apart wider that the upper surface of the beam 11 at its generally horizontally extending upper members 13, 14.
  • Inwardly-turned horizontally extending bearing members 32, 33 are respectively secured at the opposed lower ends of the downwardly extending legs 29, 31 so as to define upper surfaces 29a, 31a which ore normally spaced from lower surfaces 13a, 14a of the generally horizontally extending members 13, 14 of the beam 11.
  • the inwardly-turned horizontally extending members 32, 33 thus extend inwardly within the channels 17, 18 for traveling along the beam.
  • a plurality of magnetic units shown generally at the reference numeral 34 are secured to the lower surfaces 13a, 14a of each of the horizontally extending members 13, 14 while a plurality of mating magnetic units shown generally at the reference numeral 35 are secured to the upper surfaces 32a, 33a of the members 32, 33.
  • the magnetic units are arranged in pairs and their magnetic poles selected so that magnetically attractive forces are generated thus to attract the arms 32, 33 toward the members 13, 14.
  • the downward weight of the train 10 can be controllably attracted to the lower surfaces 13a, 14a within limits sufficient to define an appropriate gap, as will be discussed.
  • the train 10 can then be propelled longitudinally along the beam 11 by a minimal amount of force sufficient to overcome air friction and grade forces.
  • Figs. 3 and 4 show an at-rest roller mechanism for the train, as shown generally at the reference numeral 36, having a hydraulic adjustment capability.
  • Each of a pair of generally L-shaped members 37 has a generally vertical leg 38 secured to an outer surface 15a,16a of the lower, generally horizontally extending members 15, 16.
  • the leg merges to a horizontally extending leg 39 spaced intermediate the outer horizontally extending surfaces of a pair of roller members 40, 41, each of which is respectively secured to a roller support bracket 42 which is C-shaped in cross section.
  • the roller bracket 42 includes a horizontally extending upper surface 42a, a generally horizontally extending lower surface 42b spaced from the upper surface 42a, each of which respectively merges with a generally vertical member 42c.
  • a pair of spaced vertically extending members 42c respectively merge at their ends with respective opposed ends of the members 42a, 42b.
  • the rollers 40 are respectively rotationally mounted about axles 42a, 42b between the legs 40d and 40c, for the roller 40, and between the legs 40e and 40c.
  • Securing nuts 43a, and 43b are secured at the opposed ends of the axles 42a and 42b.
  • the hydraulic actuator is controlled by microprocessors to maintain a predetermined air gap between the adjacent magnetic units 35.
  • the computer will take into account such data as the current weight load of the train, the current air gap, the desired air gap, and the maintenance history of the rail. Starting with the units in juxtaposition, the hydraulic actuators will cause the units to separate to the desired degree of separation, e.g. about 1/8 to 1/4 in. or so.
  • FIG. 5 shows in greater detail the construction of each of the magnetic units 35.
  • Each magnetic unit comprises a plurality of bar-shaped permanent magnets 51, such as ceramic or ferrous magnets separated by a plurality of generally T-shaped magnetically permeable members 52, such as malleable steel rails or malleable or molded iron members, wherein the end members 52a are generally L-shaped.
  • a sandwich like construction unit 55 is formed by alternating an end member 52a, a permanent magnet 51, a magnetically permeable member 52, another permanent magnet 51 or a plurality of such magnets, and so forth.
  • Each of the sandwich like construction units is secured together as by a non-magnetic bolt 53, secured at its opposing ends by a non-magnetic fastener 54.
  • each group of permanent magnets is separated by a magnetically permeable member located between adjacent permanent magnets, and each of a plurality of such groups is separated by a magnetically permeable member, such as malleable steel plate or a malleable or molded iron plate.
  • Ceramic magnets are readily commercially available and are selected for their magnetic strength and physical sizing from commercial sources. At present, ferrous permanent magnets are preferred because of their greater force capabilities.
  • a suitable ferrous permanent magnet developed by Delco-Remy is known as a Magnequench brand permanent magnet and can attain an effective force of 12 to 14 kilogauss compared to ceramic magnets that can develop a force of 7 to 9 kilogauss. In contrast, the invention develops about 100 kilogauss when using the Magnequench brand permanent magnet and the magnetically permeable members.
  • the construction units 55 are respectively secured to the horizontally extended member 13 and to the support member 29 by a pair of opposed L-shaped members 56 respectively secured to both the members 13, 29 and to the construction units 55.
  • the space between the construction units 55 is shown generally by the reference numeral 57 and is the space controlled by the hydraulic system shown in Fig. 4.
  • a construction unit 51 is secured to the horizontally extending member through a non-ferrous metal protector 58.
  • a second construction unit 51 is secured to the support unit 29 through a non-ferrous metal protector 59.
  • the poles of the ceramic units are arranged to alternate linearly transversely across the unit 51. That is, the arrangement of magnets is S-N-N-S-S-N-N and so forth.
  • the adjacent unit 51 is arranged according to the scheme N-S-S-N-N-S-S and so forth. When placed adjacently, opposite poles are in register creating magnetic forces of attraction between the two units.
  • the construction units 55 thus use passive energy produced by a combination of ceramic magnets 51 and malleable steel members 52.
  • This combination of materials provides the same results as conventional copper wire wound around a malleable steel core and electricity.
  • An advantage of such a unit is that it does not create thermal energy to become hot and does not produce electromagnetic energy which may be harmful. Nor does it use energy except what is required to be applied to the ceramic magnets to produce permanent magnetic force.
  • the magnetic-units 55 with an air gap 57 of 1/2" to 1/8" using the forces of attraction can levitate a great amount of weight at very low costs.
  • a rail 1 1/4" thick can levitate 5 lbs. per sq. in. and a 3" rail can levitate 10 lbs. per sq. in. with an air gap of 1/8".
  • vehicles traveling by this means of levitation effectively float above the travel rail with friction markedly reduced, thus producing little wear on the equipment. Energy consumption is limited to a start movement and displacing air drag and any grade changes on the track, and to operation of brakes (not shown).
  • the respective magnet units can be positioned in supporting structures to repel one another when the forces of repulsion provide levitation for the unit.
  • Such units have many uses and may be used, for example, for high speed passenger trains traveling over 300 mph and for low speed innercity transportation, as well as for transporting freight.
  • systems using such units save time and fuel, while protecting the environment from fuel emissions.
  • Figs. 6 shows an upper partially cutaway view of the linear motor 19 located in the channel 20 of the beam 11, as best seen in Fig. 1.
  • a motor chassis 71 is disposed beneath the train 10 in a manner suitable for the particular installation.
  • the opposed inner wall surfaces 20a of the channel 20 receive a channel member 72 for contacting the lateral guides 73 of the mobile train chassis.
  • Each guide 73 comprises a guide support 74 secured to the chassis 71, such as by bolt fasteners, which house a plurality of guide rollers 75 secured to the guide support 74 so as to be rotatable, such as on roller bearings.
  • the opposed guides 73 provide lateral stability for the train when traversing the linear motor, and help prevent side-to-side sway.
  • the chassis 71 is representatively shown as being suspended from the train through a support 76 secured to the chassis 71 and receiving a pair of suspension straps 77 in a pivotable relationship.
  • a brush support member 78 is also secured to the chassis 71 for securing brushes 79, 79a contacting associated electrically-charged rails 79', 79a'.
  • a support member 78 is mounted on each side of the chassis so that its associated brush 79, 79a can make contact with an electrical connection to the magnetic linear motor, in a matter which will be discussed, acting effectively as a commutator for a DC motor.
  • brushes 79, 79a are secured to the chassis, while associated brushes 81, 81a are connected to the windings of the motor, as seen in Fig. 7.
  • a positive commutator pickup 82 is linearly spaced from a negative commutator pickup 83 and separated therefrom by a commutator neutral zone 84.
  • the travel of the train along alternately spaced positive and negative zones 82, 83 assists in maintaining traveling speed while minimizing or eliminating the need for power to the prime mover for the train which initiated such movement.
  • the train in motion has a magnetically positive portion attracted to a forthcoming magnetically negative portion and is repelled by a just-passed magnetically positive portion.
  • the commutation system acts like a rotary commutator, except that it is aligned along the rail.
  • Fig. 7 thus represents the electrical connections between the windings and the brushes.
  • the diagram shows the position of the entrance and exit of electricity into each coil with about 50 % of power in one position and the other 50 % of power in another to create attraction or rejection depending on the relative position of the brushes.
  • the linear motor 19 includes a plurality of magnetic units 51 each having permanent magnet members 85, such as ceramic or ferrous magnetic members, spaced by intermediate magnetically permeable members 86, such as malleable steel members, or malleable or molded iron, each unit being separated from an adjacent unit by a T-shaped magnetically permeable member 87 of the types described connected to a non-ferrous metal support 88.
  • permanent magnet members 85 such as ceramic or ferrous magnetic members
  • intermediate magnetically permeable members 86 such as malleable steel members, or malleable or molded iron
  • a channel 89 in which are positioned a plurality of metallic cores 90 about which are wound a plurality of turns 91 of conductive wire, such as copper.
  • conductive wire such as copper
  • a pair of protective cover members cover the channel 19 and a portion of the motor arrangement.
  • the suspension strap 77 mates with a strap holder 77b on the frame 30 of the train, similar to the strap hanger 77a on the movable motor part.
  • the brush support 78 supports the brushes 78 in a biased relationship to maintain contact between a face of each brush, and the adjacent commutator section.
  • the copper wire windings 91 are fixed to a plurality of central steel shields.
  • the lower portion of the core 100 of windings 91 and metallic shields 90 is stabilized by a pair of opposed rollers 102 each of which is supported in a C-shaped member 103 secured to a base 104 of the core 100.
  • the rollers 102 thus act as lower guides for the unit as the train and thus the core 100 traverses the fixed portions of the structure.
  • the windings 91 are secured through a core support 94 to the support member 90.
  • the ceramic units 51 are fixed to a side support member 106 in the channel 19 so that the movable core may traverse therebetween.
  • the linear motor is thus arranged to save energy by using the passive energy of the ceramic magnets combined with the T-shaped separations made of a malleable steel.
  • the ceramic magnets act like a copper winding on a nucleus of malleable steel creating a reaction of the steel molecules similar to a copper winding working with conventional electricity.
  • the linear commutator thus has two rails of alternative live and dead zones fed by brushes changing negative to positive.
  • the central nucleus can be grouped in multiples of eight or more nuclei, but each nucleus has its own sets of brushes so that each can run singly or jointly depending on the need.
  • a magnetically south bus 102 is connected through a lead 104 to the brush 81a, to cause that brush to act as a magnetic south member.
  • a magnetically north bus 103a is connected through a lead 105a to the brush 81, to cause that brush to act as a magtic north member. Note that the bus 102 is alternately connected to the core and windings of the magnetic units to assume a magnetically south orientation, while the bus 103a is oppositely connected.
  • a rail vehicle which operates based on magnetic units of the type which comprise a plurality of permanent magnets such as ceramic or ferrous magnets supported therebetween by magnetically permeable members, such as malleable steel or malleable or molded iron, and spaced by such magnetically permeable T-shaped members.
  • the magnetic units are secured to an underside of a support member of the train and the top of a support member of a rail, so that the forces of attraction between opposing poles, when concentrated by the malleable steel, effectively lift the train off the support track.
  • the train is linearly powered by a linear motor having a commutator structure along a channel along the track connected to a plurality of such magnetic units.
  • the motor includes a movable core connected to a commutator structure.
  • Figs. 9 and 10 respectively show a core rotor and a stator for a rotating device for a generator and motor incorporating the principles of the invention.
  • a core 140 is fixedly secured to an axially extending shaft 142 having a plurality of sector-shaped permanent members 144 located about the shaft 142.
  • the members 144 are of the types described in connection with the prior embodiments.
  • the magnets 144 are spaced by magnetically permeable members 146.
  • the members 144 and 146 are secured to the shaft by a suitable end plate 148. It should be noted that adjacent magnetic members are positioned with like magnetic poles adjacent one another facing intermediate magnetically permeable members 146.
  • the stator 160 of Fig. 10 is similarly constructed of a rotationally spaced plurality of permanent magnetic units 162 of the type described interspersed about interleaved magnetically permeable members 164 of the types previously described.
  • the rotational dynamics of this combination follow the teachings of the prior discussions.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Linear Motors (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicles With Linear Motors And Vehicles That Are Magnetically Levitated (AREA)
  • Load-Engaging Elements For Cranes (AREA)
  • Reciprocating, Oscillating Or Vibrating Motors (AREA)
  • Dc Machiner (AREA)

Claims (17)

  1. Magneteinheit (35), mit:
    einer Gruppe von zumindest einem Paar von Permanentmagneten (51), die entweder Keramik-Magnete oder Ferro-Magnete umfassen;
    zumindest einem Paar von magnetisch permeablen Bauteilen (52), die eine Gruppe bilden, die schmiedbare Stahlbauteile, schmiedbare Eisenbauteile oder geformte Eisenbauteile enthält, die benachbart zu jeder Außenfläche von dem Paar von Keramik-Magneten (51) angeordnet sind; und
    Einrichtungen (53, 54) zum Befestigen von dem Paar von magnetisch permeablen Bauteilen und dem Paar von Permanentmagneten, um dadurch eine Magneteinheit (35) zu schaffen, durch welche der Magnetfluß davon durch die magnetisch permeablen Bauteile (52) konzentriert wird,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Magneteinheit außerdem zumindest ein Paar von den Gruppen von den Permanentmagnetbauteilen (51), die die Magneteinheit (35) bilden, und ein zusätzliches magnetisch permeables Bauteil enthält, das zwischen dem Paar von den Gruppen von den Permanentmagnetbauteilen angeordnet ist, um Flußlinien von der Magneteinheit (35) zu fokussieren.
  2. Magneteinheit (35) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die magnetisch permeablen Bauteile (52a), die an den äußeren Flächen der Permanentmagnetbauteile angeordnet sind, im allgemeinen L-förmig sind, und das magnetisch permeable Bauteil (52), das zwischen dem Paar von den Gruppen von den Magnetbauteilen angeordnet ist, im allgemeinen T-förmig ist.
  3. Magneteinheit (35) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein schmiedbares Stahlbauteil (52) zwischen den Permanentmagneten angeordnet ist, die das Paar bilden.
  4. Magneteinheit (35) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eines von dem Paar von den Gruppen von den Permanentmagneten (51) an einem Haltebauteil (29) von einem Fahrzeug (10) montiert ist und ein anderes von dem Paar von den Gruppen von den Permanentmagneten (51) an einem Haltebauteil von einer Anordnung (11) benachbart zu dem Fahrzeug (10) montiert ist, wobei Anziehung oder Abstoßung von dem Paar dazu beitragen, das Fahrzeug (10) schweben zu lassen.
  5. Magneteinheit (35) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Magneteinheit (35) außerdem ein nicht-magnetisches Bauteil (58) aufweist, das benachbart zu einer Fläche der Magneteinheit (35) angeordnet ist, um die Magneteinheit an einem Haltebauteil (11) zu befestigen.
  6. Magneteinheit (35) nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß Einrichtungen (45) vorgesehen sind, um einen Spalt (57) zwischen den Magneteinheiten zu steuern.
  7. Magneteinheit (35) nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einrichtung (45) eine hydraulische Einheit ist, die von einem Mikroprozessor gesteuert wird.
  8. Magneteinheit (35) nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß eine ausreichende Vielzahl von den Paaren von den Gruppen von Magneten (51) entlang eines Fahrweges angeordnet ist, um zu bewirken, daß ein Fahrzeug (10), wie ein Zug, für eine Translationsbewegung schwebend gehalten wird.
  9. Magneteinheit (35) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Magneteinheit (35) Teil von einem System ist, um einen Zug (10) zum Fahren abstützend zu halten, während er schwebend gehalten ist, und außerdem aufweist:
    ein erstes Haltebauteil (30), durch das ein Bereich von einem Zug gebildet ist;
    ein zweites Haltebauteil (11), um einen Zug abstützend zu halten, wobei die Gruppen von Permanentmagnetbauteilen an dem ersten und dem zweiten Haltebauteil (30, 11) in einer länglichen, einander zugewandten Beziehung angeordnet sind, wobei die Vielzahl von den Gruppen angeordnet ist, um sich gegenseitig anzuziehen; und
    Einrichtungen (45), um einen Luftspalt (57) zwischen den Gruppen an den ersten und zweiten Haltebauteilen (30, 13) zu steuern.
  10. Magneteinheit (35) nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das erste Haltebauteil (30) ein im allgemeinen C-förmiges Bauteil mit nach innen gerichteten Schenkelbauteilen (29, 31) mit einer Fläche darauf (29a, 31a) ist, um eine erste Gruppe von der Vielzahl von Permanentmagneteinheiten (35) daran zu befestigen; und
    das zweite Haltebauteil (11) eine Fläche (13a, 14a) etwa parallel zu der Fläche (29a, 31a) auf den nach innen gerichteten Schenkelbauteilen (29, 31) von dem ersten Haltebauteil (30) bildet, um eine zweite Gruppe von der Vielzahl von den Permanentmagneteinheiten (35) daran in einer gegenüberliegenden Beziehung zu der ersten Gruppe zu befestigen, wobei die Magnetkräfte zwischen der ersten und der zweiten Gruppen bewirken, daß der Zug (10) unter Steuerung der hydraulischen Einrichtung (45) schwebend gehalten wird.
  11. Magneteinheit (35) nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das System außerdem ein Referenzbauteil (37) aufweist, das an dem zweiten Haltebauteil (11) befestigt ist, das zwischen ein Paar von Führungswalzen (40, 41) vorsteht, die in einer Halteeinheit (42) abstützend gehalten sind, wobei das hydraulische Bauteil (45) mit der Halteeinheit (42) und mit dem ersten Haltbauteil (30) an dem Zug verbunden ist.
  12. Magneteinheit (35) nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das System außerdem einen Linearmotor (19) aufweist, um den Vortrieb des Zuges (10) zu unterstützen, wobei der Linearmotor (19) eine Vielzahl von den Gruppen von den Magneteinheiten (35), die in einem länglichen Kanal (20) in dem zweiten Haltebauteil (11) angeordnet sind, wobei die Vielzahl von Gruppen jeweils verbunden sind, um eine erste Vielzahl von Abnehmerbauteilen (81, 81a) mit abwechselnd positiven und negativen Magneteinheiten entlang eines Weges für den Zug (10) zu bilden;
    eine zweite Vielzahl von Bürstenbauteilen (79, 79a) an dem Zug aufweist, um mit der ersten Vielzahl von Abnehmerbauteilen (81, 81a) entlang des Weges Kontakt zu haben, wodurch das Fahren des Zuges (10) entlang des Weges durch die jeweiligen Magnetkräfte von Anziehung und Abstoßung unterstützt wird, wobei eine Bewegung des Zuges durch eine Antriebsmaschine eingeleitet wird.
  13. Motor (19) zur Unterstützung der Bewegung eines bewegbaren Bauteils (10), wobei der Motor (19) aufweist:
    eine Vielzahl von Magneteinheiten (51), die eine Vielzahl von Gruppen von Permanentmagneten (85) aufweisen, die Keramik-Magnete oder Ferro-Magnete enthalten, wobei die Magnete (85) entlang eines Weges angeordnet sind;
    Einrichtungen (72), die mit der Vielzahl von den Magneteinheiten (51) verbunden sind, um eine Vielzahl von jeweils positiv und negativ angeordneten Magnetabnehmern (81, 81a) entlang des Weges zu bilden;
    eine Vielzahl von Magnetkernen (90) mit Windungen (91) darum, die an den Weg angeordnet sind, so daß abwechselnde Kräfte von Anziehung und Abstoßung die Bewegung des bewegbaren Bauteiles (10) unterstützen, wobei das bewegbare Bauteil (10) zu einer Bewegung auf einem linearen Weg oder einem umlaufenden Weg um eine Achse in der Lage ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß
    magnetisch permeable Bauteile (86) an den Enden von den Magneten (80) und zwischen den Gruppen von Magneten (85) angeordnet sind.
  14. Motor (19) nach Anspruch 13, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kerne (90) durch Walzenbauteile (102) abstützend gehalten sind, die mit einem Bereich von einem Kanal (19) Kontakt haben.
  15. Motor (19) nach Anspruch 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Kerne (90) an dem Haltebauteil (30) von einem Schwebezug (10) abstützend gehalten sind.
  16. Motor (19) nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abnehmer (81, 81a) als ein linearer Kommutator wirken.
  17. Motor (19) nach Anspruch 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Abnehmer (81, 81a) abwechselnd einen positiven magnetischen Bereich, einen negativen magnetischen Bereich und einen Zwischenbereich bilden, wobei die Abnehmer (79, 79a) auf dem Weg Jeweils mit den Bereichen Kontakt haben, um nacheinander Anziehungs- und Abstoßungskräfte zu empfangen.
EP94915373A 1993-04-14 1994-04-13 Magnetische trag- und vortriebsvorrichtung mit permanentmagneten und verschachteltem eisen oder stahl Expired - Lifetime EP0693999B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/045,863 US5431109A (en) 1993-04-14 1993-04-14 Levitation and linear propulsion system using ceramic permanent magnets and interleaved malleable steel
US45863 1993-04-14
US184440 1994-01-21
US08/184,440 US5452663A (en) 1993-04-14 1994-01-21 Levitation and propulsion system using permanent magnets and interleaved iron or steel
PCT/US1994/004010 WO1994023965A1 (en) 1993-04-14 1994-04-13 Levitation and propulsion system using permanent magnets and interleaved iron or steel

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0693999A1 EP0693999A1 (de) 1996-01-31
EP0693999A4 EP0693999A4 (de) 1996-09-18
EP0693999B1 true EP0693999B1 (de) 1999-07-07

Family

ID=26723276

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP94915373A Expired - Lifetime EP0693999B1 (de) 1993-04-14 1994-04-13 Magnetische trag- und vortriebsvorrichtung mit permanentmagneten und verschachteltem eisen oder stahl

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (3) US5452663A (de)
EP (1) EP0693999B1 (de)
JP (1) JPH08509353A (de)
AT (1) ATE181885T1 (de)
BR (1) BR9405920A (de)
DE (1) DE69419410T2 (de)
DK (1) DK0693999T3 (de)
ES (1) ES2133558T3 (de)
WO (1) WO1994023965A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (42)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0894660A1 (de) * 1997-07-28 1999-02-03 Oleg V. Tozoni Selbstreguliertes System für Hochgeschwindigkeitsbodentransport basiert auf permanente Magnete
US6101952A (en) * 1997-12-24 2000-08-15 Magnemotion, Inc. Vehicle guidance and switching via magnetic forces
JP3740984B2 (ja) * 2000-02-10 2006-02-01 日産自動車株式会社 電動機の磁極位置検出装置
US6629503B2 (en) * 2001-06-29 2003-10-07 The Regents Of The University Of California Inductrack configuration
US6899036B2 (en) 2001-07-02 2005-05-31 Magna Force, Inc. Apparatus, systems and methods for levitating and moving objects
US7204192B2 (en) * 2001-07-02 2007-04-17 Magna Force, Inc. Apparatus, systems and methods for levitating and moving objects
US6510799B2 (en) * 2001-07-02 2003-01-28 Magna Force, Inc. Apparatus, systems and methods for levitating and moving objects
CN1245303C (zh) * 2001-08-22 2006-03-15 王光宇 一种磁浮列车的升力系统的改进装置
WO2003029651A2 (en) * 2001-10-01 2003-04-10 Magnemotion, Inc. Synchronous machine design and manufacturing
US6983701B2 (en) 2001-10-01 2006-01-10 Magnemotion, Inc. Suspending, guiding and propelling vehicles using magnetic forces
US20040012168A1 (en) * 2002-07-19 2004-01-22 Martinrea International Inc. Suspension system with magnetic resiliency
AT504063A3 (de) * 2003-12-05 2012-06-15 Colenta Laborsysteme Gmbh & Cokg Verfahren zum schwebenden transport von gegenständen und anordnung zur umsetzung des verfahrens
AT500107B1 (de) * 2003-12-05 2007-03-15 Colenta Laborsysteme Gmbh & Co Verfahren zum schwebenden transport von gegenständen und anordnung zur umsetzung des verfahrens
DE102004021973A1 (de) * 2004-05-04 2005-12-01 Siemens Ag Statorblechpaket eines Linearmotors
KR20070011577A (ko) 2004-05-07 2007-01-24 마그네모션, 인코포레이티드 단일 경로를 기반으로 하는 작용기들을 이용한 3차원 동작
DE102005016257B4 (de) * 2005-04-08 2008-03-13 Siemens Ag Reluktanzmotor
US20060244328A1 (en) * 2005-04-29 2006-11-02 Dong-Liang Guo Brush motor having coreless assembly
JP2007040316A (ja) * 2005-07-29 2007-02-15 Smc Corp 環状磁石およびそれを用いた流体圧シリンダ
ES2304325B1 (es) * 2007-03-16 2009-07-24 Manuel Muñoz Saiz Sistema propulsor y levitador por campos magneticos para vehiculos de transporte.
US8403643B2 (en) 2008-03-20 2013-03-26 Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation Dual frequency hub mounted vibration suppressor system
US7828556B2 (en) * 2008-03-31 2010-11-09 Stanton Magnetics, Inc. Audio magnetic connection and indexing device
US8816805B2 (en) 2008-04-04 2014-08-26 Correlated Magnetics Research, Llc. Magnetic structure production
US8760250B2 (en) 2009-06-02 2014-06-24 Correlated Magnetics Rsearch, LLC. System and method for energy generation
US8174347B2 (en) 2010-07-12 2012-05-08 Correlated Magnetics Research, Llc Multilevel correlated magnetic system and method for using the same
US20090320714A1 (en) * 2008-06-27 2009-12-31 Alberts Thomas E Magnetic levitation propulsion system
US9032880B2 (en) 2009-01-23 2015-05-19 Magnemotion, Inc. Transport system powered by short block linear synchronous motors and switching mechanism
US8616134B2 (en) 2009-01-23 2013-12-31 Magnemotion, Inc. Transport system powered by short block linear synchronous motors
US9275783B2 (en) 2012-10-15 2016-03-01 Correlated Magnetics Research, Llc. System and method for demagnetization of a magnetic structure region
US9257219B2 (en) 2012-08-06 2016-02-09 Correlated Magnetics Research, Llc. System and method for magnetization
FR2959361B1 (fr) * 2010-04-27 2015-11-13 Valeo Equip Electr Moteur Machine electrique tournante en particulier pour un demarreur de vehicule automobile
US8963380B2 (en) 2011-07-11 2015-02-24 Correlated Magnetics Research LLC. System and method for power generation system
US20130147297A1 (en) * 2011-12-08 2013-06-13 Harold Elmore Magnetic Motor Propulsion System
JP6008228B2 (ja) * 2011-12-26 2016-10-19 日本電産株式会社 モータ
DE102012009635A1 (de) * 2012-05-14 2013-11-14 Herbert Weh "Magnetisches Tragen mit Permanentmagneten"
US9298281B2 (en) 2012-12-27 2016-03-29 Correlated Magnetics Research, Llc. Magnetic vector sensor positioning and communications system
US9409494B2 (en) * 2013-05-28 2016-08-09 Keerthi Gunasekaran Magnetically suspended vehicle
US9802507B2 (en) 2013-09-21 2017-10-31 Magnemotion, Inc. Linear motor transport for packaging and other uses
USD733679S1 (en) 2014-01-06 2015-07-07 Wall Audio Inc. Planar loudspeaker
WO2015103421A1 (en) * 2014-01-06 2015-07-09 Wall Audio Inc. Linear moving coil magnetic drive system
USD737245S1 (en) 2014-07-03 2015-08-25 Wall Audio, Inc. Planar loudspeaker
EP3719980A1 (de) * 2019-04-01 2020-10-07 LIM-Tech Limited Elektromotorische maschine
EP3719962A1 (de) 2019-04-01 2020-10-07 LIM-Tech Limited Elektromotorische maschine

Family Cites Families (18)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2177472A (en) * 1938-11-16 1939-10-24 Utah Radio Products Company Dynamo-electric machine
DE2100839A1 (de) * 1971-01-09 1972-07-20 Baermann, Max, 5060 Bensberg Durch magnetische Kräfte entlang einer Tragbahn geführtes und im Schwebezustand gehaltenes Fahrzeug
US3885504A (en) * 1971-01-09 1975-05-27 Max Baermann Magnetic stabilizing or suspension system
NL7315725A (de) * 1972-12-30 1974-07-02
US3899979A (en) * 1973-02-22 1975-08-19 Buryan Associates Magnetic suspension systems for vehicles
US3842300A (en) * 1973-04-30 1974-10-15 Ford Motor Co Laminated rotor structure for a dynamoelectric machine
US4075948A (en) * 1974-01-31 1978-02-28 Minovitch Michael Andrew Rapid transit system
DE2654075A1 (de) * 1976-11-29 1978-06-01 Papst Motoren Kg Linearmotor
US4307668A (en) * 1980-05-19 1981-12-29 Vinson Roy D Transportation system unitizing permanent magnets for levitation of a vehicle
JPS5944962A (ja) * 1982-09-02 1984-03-13 Tokyo Erekutoron Kk リニアモ−タ−用高磁束密度界磁
US4641065A (en) * 1984-05-16 1987-02-03 Toyota Shatai Kabushiki Kaisha Moving coil type linear motor
DE3347635A1 (de) * 1985-04-25 1985-07-18 Special'noe konstruktorskoe bjuro "Transprogress", Moskau/Moskva Magnetisches gehaenge von transportmitteln
US5343811A (en) * 1986-02-27 1994-09-06 Peter Schuster Magnetic power system for low-friction transportation of loads
US4785228A (en) * 1987-02-04 1988-11-15 Goddard Sydney L Electrical energy enhancement apparatus
JPH0736796B2 (ja) * 1988-12-20 1995-04-26 株式会社城南製作所 リニアモーター式カーテン装置
JPH0734646B2 (ja) * 1989-07-15 1995-04-12 松下電工株式会社 リニアモータ
JPH04244776A (ja) * 1991-01-28 1992-09-01 Fujitsu Ltd 磁気浮上搬送装置及び搬送方法
US5165347A (en) * 1991-04-26 1992-11-24 Wagner Thomas V Vehicle levitation and guidance system

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5586505A (en) 1996-12-24
DE69419410D1 (de) 1999-08-12
US5615618A (en) 1997-04-01
US5452663A (en) 1995-09-26
EP0693999A1 (de) 1996-01-31
WO1994023965A1 (en) 1994-10-27
ES2133558T3 (es) 1999-09-16
DK0693999T3 (da) 2000-01-24
EP0693999A4 (de) 1996-09-18
JPH08509353A (ja) 1996-10-01
DE69419410T2 (de) 1999-10-28
ATE181885T1 (de) 1999-07-15
BR9405920A (pt) 1996-01-02

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
EP0693999B1 (de) Magnetische trag- und vortriebsvorrichtung mit permanentmagneten und verschachteltem eisen oder stahl
US3791309A (en) Means to guide and suspend a vehicle by magnetic forces
US4793263A (en) Integrated linear synchronous unipolar motor with controlled permanent magnet bias
US6827022B2 (en) Magnetic levitation and propulsion system
US4055123A (en) Systems for magnetically supporting a vehicle
US6629503B2 (en) Inductrack configuration
CN111373097B (zh) 采用无源低频电磁稳定化的永磁磁悬浮列车
AU617253B2 (en) Magnetic force system for low-friction transportation of loads
US3899979A (en) Magnetic suspension systems for vehicles
US3845720A (en) Magnetic-levitation vehicle with auxiliary magnetic support at track-branch locations
US7963228B2 (en) Magnetic suspension system with integrable propulsion
CA2191236A1 (en) Electrodynamic guidance using alternating current superconducting magnets
US5431109A (en) Levitation and linear propulsion system using ceramic permanent magnets and interleaved malleable steel
WO2007013991A2 (en) Guideway activated magnetic switching of vehicles
CA2437223A1 (en) Monorail system
US4979445A (en) Magnetically levitated vehicle with superconducting mirror sheets interacting with guideway magnetic fields
CN109094422B (zh) 悬挂式轨道交通设备以及其中的磁电混合悬浮轨系统
US5584367A (en) Permanent magnet type automotive vehicle suspension
CN108382264A (zh) 永磁磁悬浮直线电磁推进系统
US3850108A (en) Armature assembly and magnetically suspended vehicle
US4259908A (en) Electromagnetic suspension vehicle
US4941406A (en) Magnetic and aerodynamic levitation vehicle
CA2211491A1 (en) Self-regulating system of high speed ground transportation based on permanent magnets
CA2156271C (en) Levitation and propulsion system using permanent magnets and interleaved iron or steel
EP0361340A1 (de) Fördersystem zum Bewegen von Material und Halbzeug

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PUAI Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012

17P Request for examination filed

Effective date: 19950901

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE

A4 Supplementary search report drawn up and despatched

Effective date: 19960726

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: A4

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE

17Q First examination report despatched

Effective date: 19970513

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAG Despatch of communication of intention to grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAH Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA

GRAA (expected) grant

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210

AK Designated contracting states

Kind code of ref document: B1

Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE DK ES FR GB GR IE IT LI LU MC NL PT SE

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 19990707

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 181885

Country of ref document: AT

Date of ref document: 19990715

Kind code of ref document: T

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: NV

Representative=s name: AMMANN PATENTANWAELTE AG BERN

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: EP

REF Corresponds to:

Ref document number: 69419410

Country of ref document: DE

Date of ref document: 19990812

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FG2A

Ref document number: 2133558

Country of ref document: ES

Kind code of ref document: T3

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: IE

Ref legal event code: FG4D

ET Fr: translation filed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: PT

Ref legal event code: SC4A

Free format text: AVAILABILITY OF NATIONAL TRANSLATION

Effective date: 19990901

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: T3

PLBE No opposition filed within time limit

Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261

STAA Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent

Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT

26N No opposition filed
PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Payment date: 20010918

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: GB

Payment date: 20010919

Year of fee payment: 8

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Payment date: 20011001

Year of fee payment: 8

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: GB

Ref legal event code: IF02

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: MC

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020413

Ref country code: GB

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20020413

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: PT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20021031

GBPC Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee

Effective date: 20020413

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: PT

Ref legal event code: MM4A

Free format text: LAPSE DUE TO NON-PAYMENT OF FEES

Effective date: 20021031

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Payment date: 20041008

Year of fee payment: 11

Ref country code: CH

Payment date: 20041008

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Payment date: 20041012

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IE

Payment date: 20041013

Year of fee payment: 11

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: ES

Payment date: 20041029

Year of fee payment: 11

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LU

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050413

Ref country code: IE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050413

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: SE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050414

Ref country code: ES

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050414

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: LI

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050430

Ref country code: CH

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20050430

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Payment date: 20051028

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: BE

Payment date: 20051028

Year of fee payment: 12

Ref country code: AT

Payment date: 20051028

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Payment date: 20051031

Year of fee payment: 12

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Payment date: 20051102

Year of fee payment: 12

EUG Se: european patent has lapsed
REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: CH

Ref legal event code: PL

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: AT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20060413

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: BE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20060430

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DK

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20060501

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: ES

Ref legal event code: FD2A

Effective date: 20050414

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: NL

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20061101

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: DK

Ref legal event code: EBP

NLV4 Nl: lapsed or anulled due to non-payment of the annual fee

Effective date: 20061101

REG Reference to a national code

Ref country code: FR

Ref legal event code: ST

Effective date: 20061230

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Payment date: 20070531

Year of fee payment: 14

BERE Be: lapsed

Owner name: *BERDUT ELBERTO

Effective date: 20060430

PGFP Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Payment date: 20070723

Year of fee payment: 14

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: FR

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20060502

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: DE

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20081101

PG25 Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo]

Ref country code: IT

Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES

Effective date: 20080413