Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
  • A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
  • A61K36/16—Ginkgophyta, e.g. Ginkgoaceae (Ginkgo family)
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
  • A61P31/12—Antivirals
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
  • A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
  • A61P37/04—Immunostimulants
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
  • Y02A50/30—Against vector-borne diseases, e.g. mosquito-borne, fly-borne, tick-borne or waterborne diseases whose impact is exacerbated by climate change

Definitions

• the invention relates to medicaments for the treatment of retrovirus infections.
• Retroviruses are spherical enveloped RNA viruses, of which two subfamilies are pathogenic for humans and animals. Retroviruses are characterized by reverse transcriptase, an RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. During replication, the single-stranded virus RNA is transcribed from the reverse transcriptase into a double-stranded DNA intermediate and this is incorporated into the genome of the host cell as a provirus. From the provirus, regular transcription initiates the formation of RNA-containing virus particles which leave the host cell after budding. Retroviruses cause leukaemias, autoimmune diseases and immune depressions, in people in particular AIDS and ARS, namely AIDS-related syndromes, the preliminary stage for the full clinical picture of AIDS.
• Extracts from the leaves of Ginkgo biloba have been used for some time for the therapy of peripheral and cerebral arterial circulatory disorders.
• Processes for producing ginkgo extracts from green leaves are described, for example, in DE-PS 17 67 098, DE-PS 21 17 429 and in EP-A 0 324 197, from EP-A 0 330 567 and from DE-OS 39 40 091 known.
• Another method for extracting yellow autumn leaves from Ginkgo biloba is described in EP-B 0 352 146.
• the leaves of Ginkgo biloba contain a number of different compounds in which the so-called ginkgo flavone glycosides predominate.
• a typical representative of this class of substances is 5, 7, 3 * 4 'tetrahydroxy-flavono-3-O- ⁇ - rhamnopyranosyl-4-O- ⁇ -D- (6' '' -transcoumaroyl) glycopyranoside.
• Terpene lactones are contained in smaller amounts, for example the ginkgolides which have been described, for example, by Okabe et al., J. Chem. SOC (1967), 2201-2206.
• Bilobalide the use of which for the treatment of neuropathies and similar diseases is known from US Pat. No. 4,571,407, is also closely related to the terpene lactones.
• Leaves of Ginkgo biloba also contain the so-called ginkgol acids, which are 6-alkyl
• REPLACEMENT BLA ⁇ (RULE 26) salicylic acids, which have alkyl radicals with 13 - 19 carbon atoms and 0 - 3 double bonds.
• These ginkgolic acids can be used to produce the correspondingly substituted phenol, which is known to be allergic, biogenetically or when working up the leaves.
• the production processes for the extracts therefore differ essentially in that an attempt is made to eliminate the undesired ingredients or accompanying substances as far as possible, in particular if the extracts are later to be used in injectable form.
• a number of methods are available to the person skilled in the art from the known literature in order to separate undesired ingredients.
• the ginkgo extracts commercially available today are therefore generally well tolerated even in injectable form; such products are for example from the company Dr. Wilmar Schwabe GmbH & Co. in D-7500 Düsseldorf marketed under the "Tebonin" brand.
• EP-B-0 352 146 already mentions that extracts from the yellow leaves of Ginkgo biloba would be able to reduce an increased level of gamma globulins in mammals, as can also be observed, for example, in AIDS patients. This publication does not provide any further details as to whether and with what success this extract can actually be used in AIDS.
• the bacterial and protein-free extracts from Escherichia coli contain relatively short-chain oligopeptides and, as can be seen from the studies in Drug Res. 23, 829-830 (1973), a polysaccharide component consisting predominantly of glucose, galactose and xylose and a small proportion of fatty acids. However, nucleic acids could not be detected. It is striking that the quantitative studies on these peptides to date have confirmed the absence of aromatic amino acids with the exception of histidine.
• Such cell and protein-free extracts from Escherichia coli cultures can be administered orally or as an injection.
• Corresponding preparations are, for example, from Laves Arzneistoff GmbH, Barbarastr. 14, 3003 Ronnenberg under the "Colibiogen" brand.
• the medicaments according to the invention can be administered orally, but preferably as an injection. It has been found that coli and ginkgo extracts can be given together with the nucleoside therapeutics, but on the other hand it also has advantages if the coli or ginkgo extract is used before the nucleoside therapeutic is administered, this time shift can range from a few hours to 1-2 days.
• the invention therefore also relates to a so-called kit which contains the individual active ingredients for oral or parenteral administration in spatially separated form.
• the dosage for the dose unit for the coli extract is protein- and cell-free metabolites from about 4 - 9 x germs, while for the ginkgo extract the dose unit contains about 50 - 200 mg dry extract.
• the daily dose must be set individually for each patient. No side effects have been identified, even with long-term treatment. The invention is explained in more detail below with the aid of the examples:
• the coli extract was prepared according to the method described in DE-PS 38 16 298 by inoculating bouillon cultures with a strain of the desired E. coli serotype and incubating at 37 ° C. for at least 5 days.
• the serotype 02: K1: K6 is preferably used.
• the extracts can be freed of water by gentle vacuum drying and processed into capsules or tablets in a manner known per se.
• green or yellow leaves of Ginkgo biloba are finely chopped and mixed in a known manner with aqueous acetone or ethanol, in particular a mixture of water with acetone or ethanol in a ratio of 50:50 for several hours at temperatures between about 40- 60 ° extracted.
• aqueous acetone or ethanol in particular a mixture of water with acetone or ethanol in a ratio of 50:50 for several hours at temperatures between about 40- 60 ° extracted.
• liquid is pressed from the leaves, which can be subjected to a further extraction.
• the aqueous extract obtained is extracted in a first purification stage with a water-immiscible solvent, preferably cyclohexane.
• the aqueous ketonic phase is then processed further, the non-polar phase is discarded.
• the aqueous ketonic phase is then concentrated to approximately half its volume and the precipitate which has separated out is filtered off.
• the filtered Solution is mixed with ammonium sulfate in a known manner and extracted with butanol. After drying over sodium sulfate, the extract obtained is concentrated under reduced pressure and finally extracted exhaustively with ethanol. This residue is then concentrated under vacuum to dry.
• This extract which can now be made up in the usual way, contains on average, depending on the origin and age of the leaves, about 10% up or down, about 25% ginkgo flavone glycosides and about 5% terpene lactones.

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• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
• Immunology (AREA)
• Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Public Health (AREA)
• General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
• Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
• Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Medical Informatics (AREA)
• Mycology (AREA)
• Alternative & Traditional Medicine (AREA)
• Biotechnology (AREA)
• Botany (AREA)
• Oncology (AREA)
• Microbiology (AREA)
• Communicable Diseases (AREA)
• Epidemiology (AREA)
• Virology (AREA)
• Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
• Medicines Containing Plant Substances (AREA)
• Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
• Saccharide Compounds (AREA)
• Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
• Medicines That Contain Protein Lipid Enzymes And Other Medicines (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (1)

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ID=6483010

Family Applications (1)

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Family Cites Families (5)

• 1993
  • 1993-03-17 DE DE4308443A patent/DE4308443C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 1994
  • 1994-03-08 CZ CZ952387A patent/CZ238795A3/cs unknown
  • 1994-03-08 SK SK1154-95A patent/SK115495A3/sk unknown
  • 1994-03-08 EP EP94910387A patent/EP0689446A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 1994-03-08 BR BR9405887A patent/BR9405887A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1994-03-08 PL PL94310659A patent/PL310659A1/xx unknown
  • 1994-03-08 CA CA002158551A patent/CA2158551A1/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1994-03-08 HU HU9502697A patent/HUT73382A/hu unknown
  • 1994-03-08 JP JP6520590A patent/JP2735386B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1994-03-08 WO PCT/EP1994/000687 patent/WO1994021269A1/de not_active Application Discontinuation
  • 1994-03-08 AU AU62834/94A patent/AU684755B2/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
  • 1994-03-08 RU RU95121821A patent/RU2104023C1/ru active

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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