EP0688617A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour laminer des pièces creuses - Google Patents
Procédé et dispositif pour laminer des pièces creuses Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0688617A1 EP0688617A1 EP94109860A EP94109860A EP0688617A1 EP 0688617 A1 EP0688617 A1 EP 0688617A1 EP 94109860 A EP94109860 A EP 94109860A EP 94109860 A EP94109860 A EP 94109860A EP 0688617 A1 EP0688617 A1 EP 0688617A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- workpiece
- rolling
- impact
- longitudinal axis
- carried out
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H5/00—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms
- B21H5/02—Making gear wheels, racks, spline shafts or worms with cylindrical outline, e.g. by means of die rolls
- B21H5/025—Internally geared wheels
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D15/00—Corrugating tubes
- B21D15/02—Corrugating tubes longitudinally
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H1/00—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution
- B21H1/18—Making articles shaped as bodies of revolution cylinders, e.g. rolled transversely cross-rolling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/06—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor for performing particular operations
- B21J5/12—Forming profiles on internal or external surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21H—MAKING PARTICULAR METAL OBJECTS BY ROLLING, e.g. SCREWS, WHEELS, RINGS, BARRELS, BALLS
- B21H3/00—Making helical bodies or bodies having parts of helical shape
- B21H3/08—Making helical bodies or bodies having parts of helical shape internal screw-threads
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for impact rolling of full or hollow cylindrical workpieces, which receive a feed along their longitudinal axis, with at least one impact roller mounted drivably in a rotating roller head being carried out in abrupt individual rolling processes on predetermined zones of the workpiece in a sequence coordinated with the workpiece feed and an apparatus for performing this method.
- pressure rolling is known (for example, DE 4218092), in which, in contrast to pure pressing, the wall thickness of the workpiece is reduced at the same time as the shape is changed.
- the pressing and rolling are effected by a roller, which is pressed onto the workpiece and causes the forming.
- the roller is constantly in contact with the workpiece. Because the contact pressure of the roller is practically static on the workpiece, very large forces are required, which leads to correspondingly heavy-dimensioned machines of very complex construction if the workpieces produced with them are to meet the requirements.
- the object of the present invention was to find a method analogous to the rough method described, which is also suitable for workpieces with a circumferential, protruding shoulder or gradations.
- the method can be applied to rotationally symmetrical workpieces in that the workpiece is preferably rotated about its longitudinal axis.
- a system according to claims 9 to 10 is preferably used to carry out the method according to the invention.
- the claimed method is particularly suitable for hollow bodies with at least partial internal teeth. However, it is also conceivable to use the method for solid bodies or hollow bodies without internal teeth.
- FIG. 1 the longitudinal and cross-section of a conventional impact rolling machine in the area of the actual rolling process is shown schematically.
- a cylindrical workpiece 1 here for example a hollow cylinder, is fed to the area of the roller heads 2 and 3 by means of a device, not shown.
- the 2 on the roller heads. 3 attached impact rollers 4 and 5 perform abrupt single rolling operations on the surface of the workpiece 1 during the rotation of the roller heads 2 and 3.
- the material of the workpiece 1 is cold-formed, for example the inside of the workpiece 1 thereby receives the contour of an internal die 6.
- internal toothing of hollow bodies can be produced quickly and with great precision.
- the method can also be used for reducing the cross section of the workpiece 1, the material flowing primarily in the longitudinal direction.
- the corresponding devices are the axes 2 'respectively. 3 'of the rolling heads 2, 3 are arranged substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 1' of the workpiece. This is intended to achieve an impact effect which is essentially parallel to the longitudinal axis 1 'of the workpiece.
- the workpiece 1 can only be fed in the direction of arrow V until the shoulder 1 '' in the areas 7 and 8 of the rotating beater rollers 4 and 4 respectively. 5 arrives.
- the axes 2 'and 3' of the roller heads 2 and 3 are arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis 1 'of the workpiece, as can be seen in FIG. 2.
- both diametrically opposite roller heads 2 and 3 are now driven in the same direction of rotation n 1 and n 2.
- this results in a uniform load on the workpiece longitudinal axis 1 'by the parallel components of the oppositely directed force or. Cancel stroke vectors S1 and S2 and only the resulting torque must be absorbed by workpiece 1.
- the drive of the two roller heads 2 and 3 is simplified, which must be coupled synchronously with one another so that the opposing impact rollers 4 and 5 are used on the workpiece 1 at the same time. This can now be done using a simple toothed belt, for example.
- the method according to the invention is suitable for all fields of application known for impact rolling.
- it is advantageous for the production of internal gears for hollow parts.
- the roller head speed is preferably coordinated with the feed of the workpiece in such a way that only the impact rolling processes necessary for achieving the internal toothing are applied to the inner surface of the workpiece.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Metal Rolling (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES94109860T ES2105428T3 (es) | 1994-06-25 | 1994-06-25 | Procedimiento y dispositivo para laminar piezas huecas. |
EP94109860A EP0688617B1 (fr) | 1994-06-25 | 1994-06-25 | Procédé et dispositif pour laminer des pièces creuses |
AT94109860T ATE155717T1 (de) | 1994-06-25 | 1994-06-25 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum walzen von hohlteilen |
DE59403464T DE59403464D1 (de) | 1994-06-25 | 1994-06-25 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Walzen von Hohlteilen |
JP15812395A JP3606949B2 (ja) | 1994-06-25 | 1995-06-23 | 内実又は中空部材を圧延する方法及び装置 |
US08/769,847 US5765419A (en) | 1994-06-25 | 1996-12-19 | Method and apparatus for a rolling of hollow articles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP94109860A EP0688617B1 (fr) | 1994-06-25 | 1994-06-25 | Procédé et dispositif pour laminer des pièces creuses |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0688617A1 true EP0688617A1 (fr) | 1995-12-27 |
EP0688617B1 EP0688617B1 (fr) | 1997-07-23 |
Family
ID=8216052
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94109860A Expired - Lifetime EP0688617B1 (fr) | 1994-06-25 | 1994-06-25 | Procédé et dispositif pour laminer des pièces creuses |
Country Status (5)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0688617B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JP3606949B2 (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE155717T1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE59403464D1 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2105428T3 (fr) |
Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0917917A1 (fr) * | 1997-11-24 | 1999-05-26 | Ernst Grob Ag | Procédé et dispositif pour le formage à froid de pièces creuses |
DE102005028828B3 (de) * | 2005-06-15 | 2006-12-21 | Getrag Synchrontechnik Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Metallringen |
EP1713600B1 (fr) | 2004-02-06 | 2016-10-12 | Ernst Grob Ag | Dispositif et procede de production de profils de type dente sur des pieces |
US11498114B2 (en) | 2018-02-16 | 2022-11-15 | Ernst Grob Ag | Thin-walled hollow wheels with internal and external toothing, and apparatus and method for manufacturing the same |
WO2022253942A1 (fr) * | 2021-06-04 | 2022-12-08 | Ernst Grob Ag | Dispositif et procédé de profilage de pièces par formage à froid |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CH706436A1 (de) | 2012-04-25 | 2013-10-31 | Grob Ernst Fa | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von mit einer innenliegenden Laufradverzahnung versehenen dickwandigen Hohlrädern. |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR468918A (fr) * | 1913-05-06 | 1914-07-20 | Emile Coulon | Procédé et appareil permettant de fabriquer au tour des tubes ou tuyaux renforcés à leurs extrémités |
DE3047789A1 (de) * | 1980-02-19 | 1981-08-27 | Hitachi Cable, Ltd., Tokyo | Maschine zur ausbildung von spiralfoermigen nuten bzw. vertiefungen in der innenflaeche eines metallrohres |
GB2121326A (en) * | 1982-05-22 | 1983-12-21 | Cam Gears Ltd | Valve sleeves |
CH658006A5 (de) * | 1983-03-07 | 1986-10-15 | Grob Ernst Fa | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum kalibrierenden reduzieren der querschnittsflaeche eines dabei rotierenden werkstueckes. |
FR2608078A1 (fr) * | 1986-12-15 | 1988-06-17 | Hitachi Ltd | Procede pour fabriquer une denture helicoidale interieure |
DE4218092C1 (en) * | 1992-05-07 | 1993-06-24 | Wf-Maschinenbau Und Blechformtechnik Gmbh & Co Kg, 4415 Sendenhorst, De | Mfg. gear part - involves using circular cylindrical part with inner toothing only on part of its length, non-toothed part being for seals |
-
1994
- 1994-06-25 DE DE59403464T patent/DE59403464D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-06-25 AT AT94109860T patent/ATE155717T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-06-25 EP EP94109860A patent/EP0688617B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-06-25 ES ES94109860T patent/ES2105428T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1995
- 1995-06-23 JP JP15812395A patent/JP3606949B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR468918A (fr) * | 1913-05-06 | 1914-07-20 | Emile Coulon | Procédé et appareil permettant de fabriquer au tour des tubes ou tuyaux renforcés à leurs extrémités |
DE3047789A1 (de) * | 1980-02-19 | 1981-08-27 | Hitachi Cable, Ltd., Tokyo | Maschine zur ausbildung von spiralfoermigen nuten bzw. vertiefungen in der innenflaeche eines metallrohres |
GB2121326A (en) * | 1982-05-22 | 1983-12-21 | Cam Gears Ltd | Valve sleeves |
CH658006A5 (de) * | 1983-03-07 | 1986-10-15 | Grob Ernst Fa | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum kalibrierenden reduzieren der querschnittsflaeche eines dabei rotierenden werkstueckes. |
FR2608078A1 (fr) * | 1986-12-15 | 1988-06-17 | Hitachi Ltd | Procede pour fabriquer une denture helicoidale interieure |
DE4218092C1 (en) * | 1992-05-07 | 1993-06-24 | Wf-Maschinenbau Und Blechformtechnik Gmbh & Co Kg, 4415 Sendenhorst, De | Mfg. gear part - involves using circular cylindrical part with inner toothing only on part of its length, non-toothed part being for seals |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0917917A1 (fr) * | 1997-11-24 | 1999-05-26 | Ernst Grob Ag | Procédé et dispositif pour le formage à froid de pièces creuses |
US6089065A (en) * | 1997-11-24 | 2000-07-18 | Ernst Grob Ag | Process and arrangement for the cold forming of hollow workpieces |
EP1713600B1 (fr) | 2004-02-06 | 2016-10-12 | Ernst Grob Ag | Dispositif et procede de production de profils de type dente sur des pieces |
DE102005028828B3 (de) * | 2005-06-15 | 2006-12-21 | Getrag Synchrontechnik Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen von Metallringen |
US11498114B2 (en) | 2018-02-16 | 2022-11-15 | Ernst Grob Ag | Thin-walled hollow wheels with internal and external toothing, and apparatus and method for manufacturing the same |
WO2022253942A1 (fr) * | 2021-06-04 | 2022-12-08 | Ernst Grob Ag | Dispositif et procédé de profilage de pièces par formage à froid |
CH718706A1 (de) * | 2021-06-04 | 2022-12-15 | Grob Ernst Fa | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum kaltumformenden Profilieren von Werkstücken. |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
JPH0847738A (ja) | 1996-02-20 |
DE59403464D1 (de) | 1997-09-04 |
EP0688617B1 (fr) | 1997-07-23 |
JP3606949B2 (ja) | 2005-01-05 |
ATE155717T1 (de) | 1997-08-15 |
ES2105428T3 (es) | 1997-10-16 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE1527676A1 (de) | Vorrichtung zum Verjuengen von Rohren | |
CH686817A5 (de) | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines wenigstens innen gerade oder schraeg zur Werkstueckachse profilierten hohlen Werkstuecks. | |
CH670970A5 (fr) | ||
DE3742516C2 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung eines schrägverzahnten Innenzahnrades und Vorrichtung zum Durchführen des Verfahrens | |
DE4315503B4 (de) | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines hohlen Werkstücks, das wenigstens innen gerade oder schräg zur Werkstückachse profiliert ist | |
EP0688617B1 (fr) | Procédé et dispositif pour laminer des pièces creuses | |
DE2321477B2 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Abrichten und Scharfen von Schleifscheiben | |
EP0919310A1 (fr) | Machine à rétreindre rotative | |
EP0917917B1 (fr) | Procédé et dispositif pour le formage à froid de pièces creuses | |
DE19829968C2 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Schleifen der Innenfläche einer Öffnung eines Werkstücks | |
DE19542892C2 (de) | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Honen von Kolbenlaufbahnen | |
DE2818665A1 (de) | Rotorwerkzeugmaschine | |
DE2502306A1 (de) | Verfahren und vorrichtung zum formen der aussenflaeche von gegenstaenden aus verformbarem material | |
CH565002A5 (en) | Surface machining system by rollers - has additional pair turning freely on shafts driving main ones | |
CH670076A5 (fr) | ||
DE3715392A1 (de) | Verfahren zum herstellen eines eine gerade oder schraege innenverzahnung aufweisenden topfartigen hohlkoerpers | |
EP0828572B1 (fr) | Procede de fabrication de pieces annulaires en metal de section profilee et laminoir associe | |
WO2020099536A1 (fr) | Dispositif et procédé de profilage de pièces par formage à froid | |
DE2418104B2 (de) | Presse zum Verformen der Enden eines rohrförmigen Werkstückes | |
EP0893177B1 (fr) | Procédé pour la fabrication d'une pièce dentée | |
DE3734123A1 (de) | Verfahren zur erzeugung eines gewindes an einem kugelzapfen und zur glaettung bzw. verfestigung der oberflaeche des kugelzapfens und vorrichtung zu dessen durchfuehrung | |
DE19525868A1 (de) | Verfahren zum Herstellen von ringförmigen Werkstücken aus Metall mit profiliertem Querschnitt und Walzwerk zu dessen Durchführung | |
DE102017113382B3 (de) | Gewindewalzverfahren und Gewindewalzvorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Gewindes | |
DD226790A1 (de) | Vorrichtung zum kombinierten form- und abstreckdruecken | |
CH687597A5 (de) | Verfahren zur Zahnstangenherstellung, danach hergestellte Zahnstange und Vorrichtung zur Verfahrensdurchfuehrung. |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB IT LI SE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19960322 |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19970414 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AT BE CH DE ES FR GB IT LI SE |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 155717 Country of ref document: AT Date of ref document: 19970815 Kind code of ref document: T |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: NV Representative=s name: KEMENY AG PATENTANWALTBUERO Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
ET | Fr: translation filed | ||
GBT | Gb: translation of ep patent filed (gb section 77(6)(a)/1977) |
Effective date: 19970725 |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 59403464 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19970904 |
|
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed |
Owner name: ING. ZINI MARANESI & C. S.R.L. |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FG2A Ref document number: 2105428 Country of ref document: ES Kind code of ref document: T3 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed | ||
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: IF02 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Payment date: 20060607 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Payment date: 20060608 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Payment date: 20060613 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Payment date: 20060621 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Payment date: 20060622 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Payment date: 20060630 Year of fee payment: 13 Ref country code: CH Payment date: 20060630 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Payment date: 20060720 Year of fee payment: 13 |
|
PGFP | Annual fee paid to national office [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Payment date: 20070814 Year of fee payment: 14 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: PL |
|
EUG | Se: european patent has lapsed | ||
GBPC | Gb: european patent ceased through non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20070625 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: AT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070625 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: FR Ref legal event code: ST Effective date: 20080229 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: LI Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070630 Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080101 Ref country code: CH Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070630 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: GB Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070625 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: SE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070626 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: ES Ref legal event code: FD2A Effective date: 20070626 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: FR Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070702 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: ES Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070626 |
|
BERE | Be: lapsed |
Owner name: ERNST *GROB A.G. Effective date: 20080630 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: BE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20080630 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20070625 |