EP0681633B1 - Orifice d'entree d'eau pour toitures - Google Patents
Orifice d'entree d'eau pour toitures Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0681633B1 EP0681633B1 EP95900598A EP95900598A EP0681633B1 EP 0681633 B1 EP0681633 B1 EP 0681633B1 EP 95900598 A EP95900598 A EP 95900598A EP 95900598 A EP95900598 A EP 95900598A EP 0681633 B1 EP0681633 B1 EP 0681633B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- roof
- collection trough
- edge
- water inlet
- water collection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 100
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
- E04D13/04—Roof drainage; Drainage fittings in flat roofs, balconies or the like
- E04D13/0404—Drainage on the roof surface
- E04D13/0409—Drainage outlets, e.g. gullies
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04D—ROOF COVERINGS; SKY-LIGHTS; GUTTERS; ROOF-WORKING TOOLS
- E04D13/00—Special arrangements or devices in connection with roof coverings; Protection against birds; Roof drainage ; Sky-lights
- E04D13/04—Roof drainage; Drainage fittings in flat roofs, balconies or the like
- E04D13/0404—Drainage on the roof surface
- E04D13/0409—Drainage outlets, e.g. gullies
- E04D2013/0427—Drainage outlets, e.g. gullies with means for controlling the flow in the outlet
Definitions
- the invention relates to a roof water inlet with a water collecting trough, which has an edge to be arranged in the plane of a roof and a floor arranged at a distance from this edge with an opening and this opening leads to a drain line attached to the bottom of the floor and with a plate which over the called opening of the bottom is arranged and the edge of this plate extends beyond this opening.
- Roof water inlets of this type are known from US-A-1,791,512, DE-A-1 948 214 and DE-A-26 50 361. These each point over the mouth of the Drain on a plate, which should prevent the suction of air and thereby cause a closed flow in the drain line.
- a closed flow enables fully filled lines. Compared to roof drainage without a closed flow, this enables smaller pipe dimensions, fewer roof water inlets for a given roof area and thus less space and less installation effort.
- the invention has for its object to provide a roof water inlet of the type mentioned, which works more quietly and continuously with less risk of clogging and has improved performance over the entire water volume range.
- the object is achieved in the generic roof water inlet in that two plates are arranged at a distance from one another, a lower plate being arranged in the water collecting trough and an upper plate being arranged over the edge of the water collecting trough and the edge of this upper plate projecting beyond the edge of the water collecting trough, such that that to education a closed flow in the drain line, the water to be drained is accelerated in front of the edge of the water collecting trough and after a double deflection by about 90 ° in each case before the opening of the bottom.
- the acceleration section is considerably lengthened in the water inlet according to the invention.
- the two plates can also be connected to one another by a central tube, which tube can simultaneously serve as an overflow.
- roof water inlet 10 is composed of a water collecting trough 3, a gravel ring 8 and an upper unit 9. These parts 3, 8 and 9 are made separately from a suitable plastic and are preferably releasably connected to one another. To clean the roof water inlet, the unit 9 and the gravel ring 8 can be removed from the water collecting trough 3.
- the water collecting trough 3 has a radially outwardly extending collar 3c, which is arranged in the roof plane la and is formed on an inner edge 3d on an approximately vertical wall 3e. This wall 3e is in turn formed on a base 3a in which a circular opening 3b is cut out in the center, which leads into a drain line 2.
- the upper end of the drain line 2 is welded to a connection piece 3f of the water collecting trough or is otherwise connected tightly to it. Water flowing from the roof level 1 a into the water collecting trough 3 is thus conducted into the drain line 2 through the opening 3 b.
- the gravel ring 8 Distributed on the top of the collar 3c are a plurality of upwardly projecting brackets 3g, into each of which a tooth 8c of a web 8a of the gravel ring 8 is engaged.
- the gravel ring 8 thus has a plurality of webs 8a distributed over its circumference, each of which is detachably fastened to the water collecting trough 3 by a snap connection.
- the gravel ring 8 also has a plurality of webs 8e, which are formed on a ring 8d, which then rests and is supported on the outer edge of the collar 3c on the roof plane la. The ring 8d in particular prevents a lateral displacement of the gravel ring 8 with respect to the water collecting trough 3.
- a circumferential ring 8b is formed on the webs 8a and 8e at the upper end, which connects these webs to one another and has an outwardly projecting locking edge 8f on which the Unit 9 is snapped on.
- the webs 8a and 8e are arranged at a suitable distance from one another and allow water to pass through to the water collecting trough 3, but prevent the passage of gravel, which is usually located on the roof plane la.
- the unit 9 is inserted in its entirety into the gravel ring 8 and is secured with at least one latching arm 7d on the ring 8b of the gravel ring 8 by latching.
- the arm 7d can be pivoted somewhat at its upper end to release the latching connection.
- the unit 9 has an overflow pipe 6 in the middle, on which a leaf trap 7 with vertical passage openings 7b, webs 7a and a circumferential ring 7c resting on the gravel ring 8 are formed at the upper end.
- the latch arm 7d is attached to this leaf trap 7.
- Below The leaf trap 7 is formed on the outside of the overflow pipe 6, a closed circular plate 5 which extends horizontally outwards.
- This plate 5 is arranged at a distance from the collar 3c and, as can be seen, extends beyond the edge 3d of the water collecting trough 3.
- a lower plate 4 is fastened to an inner wall 6c of the overflow pipe 6 below the plate 5 and below an outlet opening 6b of the overflow pipe 6.
- This plate 4 is also connected via vertical and radial walls 6c to the upper plate 5 with the outside of the overflow pipe 6. As can be seen, the plate 4 is located somewhat below the edge 3d and is larger than the opening 3b of the water collecting trough 3.
- FIG. 2 schematically shows the flow profile of a quantity of rain water 11 to be discharged from the roof 1 with a flood height h which is lower than the distance of the upper plate 5 from the collar 3c.
- the flow runs horizontally and radially in the direction of the arrow 12a and here is essentially not influenced by the upper plate 5.
- the water 11 is deflected downward by approximately 90 ° according to arrow 12b and passes between the wall 3e and the outer edge of the lower plate 4 into the water collecting trough 3. After a further deflection at the bottom 3a, the water 11 arrives under the lower plate 4 and finally via the opening 3b into the drain line 2.
- the water is again diverted from an approximately horizontal flow direction according to arrow 12c by about 90 ° into a vertical flow direction according to arrow 12d.
- the narrowing passage accelerates the water 11 and reaches the drain line 2 as a closed flow, the plate 4 preventing air from being sucked in.
- FIG. 3 schematically shows the flow conditions for a quantity of water 11 with a flood height H which is higher than the distance of the plate 5 from the collar 3c.
- the water 11 is already accelerated in the region of the collar 3c and, after a deflection by approximately 90 °, passes through the annular opening 13, which is formed by the plate 4 and the wall 3e, under the plate 4 and finally into the Drain pipe 2.
- the water 11 is thus accelerated in the area of the collar 3c and also in the area of the plate 4.
- the cross section Q 3 of the drain line 2 is smaller than the cross section Q 2 of the annular opening 3b and this in turn is smaller than the cross section Q 1 of the opening between the upper plate 5 and the collar 3c.
- the water is thus accelerated at three gradually decreasing through-openings and finally has a particularly high speed in the drain line 2.
- the water can flow radially outwards and inwards through an upper opening 6a of the overflow pipe into this and finally through the lower opening 6b above the plate 4 the collecting tray 3 arrive.
- this water is accelerated by the plate 4 as explained with reference to FIG. 2 and also reaches the drain line 2 as a closed flow.
- the unit 9 can be removed from the gravel ring 8 as a whole very simply by pivoting the locking arm 7d.
- the water trough 3 is then immediately accessible from above.
- the gravel ring 8 can also be removed from the water collecting trough 3 by pivoting the webs 8a.
- the assembly is then carried out in the reverse order, the gravel ring 8 and the unit 9 then being automatically latched when they are put on. A revision can therefore be carried out very quickly and easily.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)
- Sewage (AREA)
- Devices That Are Associated With Refrigeration Equipment (AREA)
- Building Environments (AREA)
- Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
- Paper (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
- Physical Water Treatments (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
- Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)
- Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
- Non-Reversible Transmitting Devices (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Sink And Installation For Waste Water (AREA)
- Bridges Or Land Bridges (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Superconductors And Manufacturing Methods Therefor (AREA)
- Valve Device For Special Equipments (AREA)
Claims (15)
- Orifice d'entrée d'eau pour toit comportant une auge (3) de collecte de l'eau, qui comporte un bord (3d) disposé dans le plan (la) d'un toit (1), et un fond (3a) situé à distance de ce bord (3d) et pourvu d'une ouverture (3b), qui aboutit à une canalisation d'évacuation (2) située au niveau inférieur dans le fond (3a), et comportant une plaque (4,5), qui est disposée au-dessus de ladite ouverture (3b) du fond (3a) et dont le bord s'étend au-delà de cette ouverture (3b), caractérisé en ce que deux plaques (4,5) sont disposées à distance l'une de l'autre, une plaque inférieure (4) étant disposée dans l'auge (3) de collecte de l'eau et une plaque supérieure (5) étant disposée au-dessus du bord (3d) de l'auge (3) de collecte de l'eau, tandis que le bord de cette plaque supérieure (5) est en saillie par rapport au bord (3d) de l'auge (3) de collecte de l'eau de telle sorte que pour la formation d'un écoulement fermé dans la canalisation d'évacuation (2), l'eau (11) devant être évacuée est accélérée en amont du bord (3d) de l'auge (3) de collecte de l'eau et en aval de deux déviations chacune d'environ 90° en amont de l'ouverture (3b) du fond (3a).
- Orifice d'entrée d'eau pour toit selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la section transversale de passage (Q1) pour l'eau devant être évacuée (11) en amont du bord (3d) de l'auge (3) de collecte de l'eau est supérieure à la section transversale de passage (Q2) entre le bord de la plaque inférieure (4) et la paroi verticale (3e) de l'auge (3) de collecte de l'eau, et que cette section transversale est à son tour supérieure à la section transversale (Q3) de la canalisation d'évacuation (2) dans la zone de l'ouverture (3b) du fond (3a).
- Orifice d'entrée d'eau pour toit selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que la plaque supérieure et/ou la plaque inférieure (5,4) est/sont fixée(s) de façon amovible à l'auge (3) de collecte de l'eau.
- Orifice d'entrée d'eau pour toit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que l'auge de collecte de l'eau comporte des moyens de fixation (3d), à l'aide desquels les deux plaques (4,5) sont fixées de façon amovible à l'auge (3) de collecte de l'eau.
- Orifice d'entrée d'eau pour toit selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que lesdits moyens de liaison (3d, 8c) forment une liaison à encliquetage.
- Orifice d'entrée d'eau pour toit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la plaque supérieure et la plaque inférieure (4,5) sont reliées entre elles.
- Orifice d'entrée d'eau pour toit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un canal de trop-plein (6a,6b), qui traverse approximativement en position centrée la plaque supérieure (5).
- Orifice d'entrée d'eau pour toit selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le canal de trop-plein (6a,6b) est ouvert radialement vers l'extérieur au-dessus de la plaque inférieure (4) de telle sorte que de l'eau pénétrant par le canal de trop-plein est dirigée, radialement vers l'extérieur sur la face supérieure de la plaque supérieure (4), dans l'auge (3) de collecte de l'eau et au-dessous de cette plaque (4).
- Orifice d'entrée d'eau pour toit selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les deux plaques (4,5) sont fixées à un tube de trop-plein (6) disposé en position centrale.
- Orifice d'entrée d'eau pour toit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé par un collecteur de feuilles mortes (7), qui est relié au moins à la plaque supérieure (5).
- Orifice d'entrée d'eau pour toit selon la revendication 10, caractérisé en ce que les deux plaques (4,5) forment, avec le collecteur de feuilles mortes (7), une unité (9).
- Orifice d'entrée d'eau pour toit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, caractérisé par un anneau (8) de retenue de gravier, qui est fixé de façon amovible à l'auge (3) de collecte de l'eau et auquel sont fixées à nouveau les deux plaques (4,5).
- Orifice d'entrée d'eau pour toit selon la revendication 12, caractérisé en ce que l'anneau (8) de retenue de gravier est fixé d'une manière amovible au moyen d'une liaison à encliquetage (3d,8c) à l'auge (3) de collecte de l'eau.
- Orifice d'entrée d'eau pour toit selon la revendication 12 ou 13, caractérisé en ce que l'anneau (8) de retenue de gravier relie les deux plaques (4,5) et/ou le collecteur de feuilles mortes (7) à l'auge (3) de collecte de l'eau.
- Orifice d'entrée d'eau pour toit selon l'une des revendications 1 à 14, caractérisé par une unité (9) formée par les deux plaques (4,5), un collecteur de feuilles mortes (7) et un tube de trop-plein (6).
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH357793 | 1993-12-01 | ||
CH3577/93 | 1993-12-01 | ||
PCT/CH1994/000229 WO1995015423A1 (fr) | 1993-12-01 | 1994-11-29 | Orifice d'entree d'eau pour toitures |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0681633A1 EP0681633A1 (fr) | 1995-11-15 |
EP0681633B1 true EP0681633B1 (fr) | 1997-09-10 |
Family
ID=4258993
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP95900598A Expired - Lifetime EP0681633B1 (fr) | 1993-12-01 | 1994-11-29 | Orifice d'entree d'eau pour toitures |
Country Status (17)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5702596A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0681633B1 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPH08506396A (fr) |
CN (1) | CN1062628C (fr) |
AT (1) | ATE158047T1 (fr) |
AU (1) | AU677734B2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2153262A1 (fr) |
CZ (1) | CZ285295B6 (fr) |
DE (2) | DE9416495U1 (fr) |
DK (1) | DK0681633T3 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2109082T3 (fr) |
FI (1) | FI108952B (fr) |
HK (1) | HK1000366A1 (fr) |
MY (1) | MY111425A (fr) |
NO (1) | NO304473B1 (fr) |
SG (1) | SG49561A1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO1995015423A1 (fr) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1203851A1 (fr) | 2000-11-02 | 2002-05-08 | Geberit Technik Ag | Dispositif de drainage de toiture et procédé de drainage de toiture |
Families Citing this family (19)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE19510955A1 (de) * | 1995-03-25 | 1996-09-26 | Dallmer Gmbh & Co | Dachablaufarmatur |
DE29611847U1 (de) * | 1996-07-06 | 1996-09-12 | AKO Rohre Systeme Technologien GmbH & Co. Kommanditgesellschaft, 50667 Köln | Dachentwässerungsvorrichtung |
EP0816586A1 (fr) * | 1996-07-06 | 1998-01-07 | Adolf Zumbrink | Dispositif d'écoulement des eaux d'une toiture |
DE19860160C2 (de) * | 1998-12-24 | 2001-03-08 | Wolfgang Vahlbrauk | Wasserablauf |
DE10057197B4 (de) * | 2000-11-17 | 2004-09-30 | Sita-Bauelemente Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Entwässerung von Flachdächern, Balkonen, Terrassen oder anderer Flachbauten |
US6594966B2 (en) | 2001-11-06 | 2003-07-22 | Craig J. Froeter | Bi-functional roof drain and method of retrofitting a roof drainage system therewith |
DE10201347C5 (de) * | 2002-01-16 | 2017-06-01 | Dallmer Gmbh & Co. Kg | Einlaufvorrichtung für die Abführung von Regenwasser von einem Dach |
US6631588B1 (en) * | 2002-03-19 | 2003-10-14 | John W. Distler | Clog-free roof drain cover |
EP1544371A1 (fr) | 2003-12-16 | 2005-06-22 | Geberit Technik Ag | Bouche d'évacuation d'eau pour toiture |
US7997038B2 (en) | 2003-12-23 | 2011-08-16 | Zurn Industries, Llc | Floor drain support plate |
DE102004024904A1 (de) * | 2004-05-19 | 2005-12-15 | Wavin B.V. | Wasserablauf für versiegelte ebene Flächen |
ATE461328T1 (de) * | 2004-06-15 | 2010-04-15 | Geberit Int Ag | Dachwassereinlauf mit einer wassersammelmulde und verfahren zum betrieb eines solchen dachwassereinlaufs |
DE102007042527A1 (de) * | 2007-09-07 | 2009-03-26 | Vahlbrauk, Wolfgang, Dipl.-Ing. | Notablauf zur Entwässerung einer Fläche |
PL2369088T3 (pl) | 2010-03-25 | 2014-02-28 | Geberit Int Ag | Urządzenie do odprowadzania wody z dachu |
TWI498858B (zh) * | 2013-03-29 | 2015-09-01 | Wistron Corp | 自動偵測疲勞的電腦系統及方法 |
CN107090953A (zh) * | 2017-06-13 | 2017-08-25 | 福建闽华防水材料工程有限公司 | 一种屋面防水保温施工前的打孔导流排水方法 |
CN107227824A (zh) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-10-03 | 苏州吉利不锈钢制品有限公司 | 一种水斗用组件结构 |
US12018489B2 (en) | 2020-04-14 | 2024-06-25 | Zurn Water, Llc | Domed roof drain strainer assembly |
CN111648536B (zh) * | 2020-06-29 | 2021-05-04 | 海通建设集团有限公司 | 双曲面金属屋面的天沟结构 |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1791512A (en) * | 1929-10-17 | 1931-02-10 | Schurman John | Roof sump |
US2142343A (en) * | 1935-10-17 | 1939-01-03 | Edward W N Boosey | Roof drain |
US2079269A (en) * | 1936-03-23 | 1937-05-04 | David S Williams | Drain |
US2328315A (en) * | 1941-07-15 | 1943-08-31 | Warren Frederick Anton | Surface drain |
US3517813A (en) * | 1968-09-16 | 1970-06-30 | Kunibert Thaler | Roof drain |
FI52612C (fi) * | 1975-12-30 | 1977-10-10 | Kontekla Oy | Rakennuksen kattokaivo tai sentapainen. |
FI58193C (fi) * | 1979-09-21 | 1980-12-10 | Kontekla Oy | Regnvattenbrunn foer en byggnad eller liknande |
FI65468C (fi) * | 1981-06-02 | 1984-05-10 | Kontekla Oy | Takbrunn eller liknande foer en byggnad |
CH664591A5 (de) * | 1982-03-09 | 1988-03-15 | Kontekla Oy | Apparat fuer das abfuehren von wasser vom dach. |
SE451610B (sv) * | 1983-04-14 | 1987-10-19 | Kontekla Oy | Skrepsil |
SE8605561L (sv) * | 1986-12-23 | 1988-06-24 | Aeromator Trading Co Ab | Skrepsil for takavvattningsutlopp |
CA1283138C (fr) * | 1987-02-20 | 1991-04-16 | Katharine Anne Uglow | Raccord pour drain en toiture |
DK18890D0 (da) * | 1990-01-24 | 1990-01-24 | Joergen Mosbaek Johannessen | Gulvafloeb og afloebsrender med sugevirkning |
-
1994
- 1994-10-13 DE DE9416495U patent/DE9416495U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-21 MY MYPI94002801A patent/MY111425A/en unknown
- 1994-11-29 AU AU81383/94A patent/AU677734B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-11-29 JP JP7515317A patent/JPH08506396A/ja active Pending
- 1994-11-29 US US08/495,519 patent/US5702596A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-29 ES ES95900598T patent/ES2109082T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-29 CZ CZ951536A patent/CZ285295B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-11-29 CA CA002153262A patent/CA2153262A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 1994-11-29 DK DK95900598.4T patent/DK0681633T3/da active
- 1994-11-29 WO PCT/CH1994/000229 patent/WO1995015423A1/fr active IP Right Grant
- 1994-11-29 DE DE59404034T patent/DE59404034D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-29 EP EP95900598A patent/EP0681633B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-11-29 CN CN94191066.0A patent/CN1062628C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-11-29 AT AT95900598T patent/ATE158047T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-11-29 SG SG1995001152A patent/SG49561A1/en unknown
-
1995
- 1995-05-30 NO NO952125A patent/NO304473B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-07-31 FI FI953648A patent/FI108952B/fi active
-
1997
- 1997-10-13 HK HK97101912A patent/HK1000366A1/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP1203851A1 (fr) | 2000-11-02 | 2002-05-08 | Geberit Technik Ag | Dispositif de drainage de toiture et procédé de drainage de toiture |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU8138394A (en) | 1995-06-19 |
NO952125L (no) | 1995-07-25 |
MY111425A (en) | 2000-04-29 |
ATE158047T1 (de) | 1997-09-15 |
AU677734B2 (en) | 1997-05-01 |
US5702596A (en) | 1997-12-30 |
CA2153262A1 (fr) | 1995-06-08 |
WO1995015423A1 (fr) | 1995-06-08 |
HK1000366A1 (en) | 1998-03-06 |
CN1117305A (zh) | 1996-02-21 |
FI953648A0 (fi) | 1995-07-31 |
DE59404034D1 (de) | 1997-10-16 |
JPH08506396A (ja) | 1996-07-09 |
NO304473B1 (no) | 1998-12-21 |
ES2109082T3 (es) | 1998-01-01 |
FI953648A (fi) | 1995-07-31 |
DK0681633T3 (da) | 1998-04-06 |
CZ285295B6 (cs) | 1999-06-16 |
DE9416495U1 (de) | 1994-12-01 |
CN1062628C (zh) | 2001-02-28 |
CZ153695A3 (en) | 1995-11-15 |
EP0681633A1 (fr) | 1995-11-15 |
FI108952B (fi) | 2002-04-30 |
SG49561A1 (en) | 1998-06-15 |
NO952125D0 (no) | 1995-05-30 |
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