EP0680918B1 - Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Wickeln von Endlosfäden oder Garnen - Google Patents
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Wickeln von Endlosfäden oder Garnen Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0680918B1 EP0680918B1 EP95106117A EP95106117A EP0680918B1 EP 0680918 B1 EP0680918 B1 EP 0680918B1 EP 95106117 A EP95106117 A EP 95106117A EP 95106117 A EP95106117 A EP 95106117A EP 0680918 B1 EP0680918 B1 EP 0680918B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bobbin
- thread
- empty
- axis
- full
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 9
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920002334 Spandex Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H19/00—Changing the web roll
- B65H19/22—Changing the web roll in winding mechanisms or in connection with winding operations
- B65H19/2238—The web roll being driven by a winding mechanism of the nip or tangential drive type
- B65H19/2253—The web roll being driven by a winding mechanism of the nip or tangential drive type and the roll being displaced during the winding operation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H19/00—Changing the web roll
- B65H19/22—Changing the web roll in winding mechanisms or in connection with winding operations
- B65H19/2207—Changing the web roll in winding mechanisms or in connection with winding operations the web roll being driven by a winding mechanism of the centre or core drive type
- B65H19/2215—Turret-type with two roll supports
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H65/00—Securing material to cores or formers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H67/00—Replacing or removing cores, receptacles, or completed packages at paying-out, winding, or depositing stations
- B65H67/04—Arrangements for removing completed take-up packages and or replacing by cores, formers, or empty receptacles at winding or depositing stations; Transferring material between adjacent full and empty take-up elements
- B65H67/044—Continuous winding apparatus for winding on two or more winding heads in succession
- B65H67/048—Continuous winding apparatus for winding on two or more winding heads in succession having winding heads arranged on rotary capstan head
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H18/00—Winding webs
- B65H18/08—Web-winding mechanisms
- B65H18/14—Mechanisms in which power is applied to web roll, e.g. to effect continuous advancement of web
- B65H18/16—Mechanisms in which power is applied to web roll, e.g. to effect continuous advancement of web by friction roller
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H23/00—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs
- B65H23/04—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally
- B65H23/24—Registering, tensioning, smoothing or guiding webs longitudinally by fluid action, e.g. to retard the running web
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H2701/00—Handled material; Storage means
- B65H2701/30—Handled filamentary material
- B65H2701/31—Textiles threads or artificial strands of filaments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65H—HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL, e.g. SHEETS, WEBS, CABLES
- B65H54/00—Winding, coiling, or depositing filamentary material
- B65H54/02—Winding and traversing material on to reels, bobbins, tubes, or like package cores or formers
- B65H54/40—Arrangements for rotating packages
- B65H54/42—Arrangements for rotating packages in which the package, core, or former is rotated by frictional contact of its periphery with a driving surface
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for winding Continuous threads or yarns on bobbins with continuous bobbin change for production of bobbins with a thread reserve suitable for processing using of an automatically changing winder, which is also suitable for smooth cores and sensitive continuous filament yarn is suitable.
- the process is characterized by a loss-free change of coils, high reliability and the Possibility to use simple cylindrical sleeves to form a thread reserve suitable for processing.
- Thread winders are fundamentally different in various embodiments known.
- DE-OS-25 24 415 is an automatic winder for yarns described, which enables the formation of a thread reserve.
- Two coil holders are opposite on this winder on a rotatable around their center Plate stored. Each coil holder can be driven by a motor.
- the supply thread is fed by a guide from the Traversing thread guide lifted out and onto the sleeve edge into the thread reserve track postponed.
- a guide element must thread the keep the wound area of the full spool from losing speed
- the thread slides into the smaller diameter of the sleeve edge prevent.
- the sleeve is in the area of the thread reserve with a catch slot equipped, which clamps the thread and the thread between the outgoing Coil and the empty tube tears. After forming the thread reserve, the thread is in returned to the traversing area and taken over by the traversing thread guide.
- the automatic winder with thread reserve device described in DE-OS-25 24 415 is designed for the use of thread tubes with a catch slot.
- This Sleeves have some disadvantages compared to smooth sleeves. They are more complex in production, due to the contamination of the catch slot only once use and difficult to recycle after use.
- a similar winder that works without the formation of a thread reserve is in EP-A 0-359 453.
- This winder is used especially for elastanes and can also work with a sleeve without a slot. After the rotation of the The full bobbin holder, the thread, is braked in the direction of rotation of the sleeve between full and empty tube loses tension, adheres to the empty tube and is taken away by this. This creates a new tension until the connection breaks when the breaking limit is exceeded.
- the thread reserve according to DE-OS-25 24 415 is on the winder from the EP-A-0 359 453 is not transferable since there is a risk of delicate yarns because of the voltage losses caused by the friction on the guide element between the full coil and empty sleeve caused to run onto the drive roller. The security of There is no longer a change of bobbins.
- a thread reserve suitable for processing is also characterized by a simple one Handling off. This is guaranteed when the thread reserve winding is good accessible on the edge of the tube outside the package and a thread from the Thread reserve runs into the bobbin.
- the one described in EP-A-0 359 453 Automatic winder is created when the connection between the full spool and Empty tube inevitably an unfixed thread end undefined length. This Thread end is common when using a conventional thread reserve device included in the coil. A quick assignment of the right connection between thread reserve winding and bobbin is no longer possible.
- the invention is based, without using sleeves the task Catch slot to wind sensitive filament yarns securely, the full spool automatically, lossless and with high security against an empty tube change and form a thread reserve at the beginning of the winding cycle is processable according to the criterion listed above. In particular, should the omission of additional guide elements between the full coil and the empty tube Contribute to increased security of change.
- the object is achieved in that the thread during the Alternating from the full spool to the empty tube is held in the winding area and after the transition to the empty tube first a small false wrap in builds up this area. Then the incoming thread with the help of a arranged in front of the drive roller guide in the area of the thread reserve track postponed. The annoying false winding in the middle area of the bobbin will then disappear also pneumatically or mechanically in the area of the thread reserve shifted, the tear-off end being fixed in the false wrap. After the training the thread reserve becomes the incoming thread again from the traversing thread guide accepted and the build-up of the winding begins.
- the invention relates to a method for winding continuous filaments or Yarns on bobbins with continuous bobbin change by feeding and Winding the thread on a bobbin driven by a roller Traversing the thread along the bobbin axis, separating the full bobbin from the drive roller with takeover of the drive of the full reel by a separate drive and further winding of the yarn in the middle area of the Full coil, screwing in a separately driven empty tube until contact with Drive roller and thread, braking the full bobbin, recording the running Thread through the empty tube and tearing of the thread between the empty tube and Full spool, formation of a false winding in the middle area of the empty tube, Shift the position of the incoming thread to the edge area of the empty tube to form a thread reserve outside the traversing area, shifting the formed miswraps in the area of the thread reserve, return of the running thread to the traversing unit to form the bobbin and Exchange of the full spool for an empty tube.
- the process according to the invention is advantageous over the known ones Process for automatic bobbin change when winding sensitive Yarn increases the yield of full bobbins.
- the operating effort is because of less susceptibility to failure when changing less, it can be simple sleeves can be used without catch aids or catch slots and the built Thread reserve can be used with every bobbin.
- Fig. 1 shows a winder working according to the inventive method during normal coil build.
- the winder has in particular frequency-controlled motors for driving the traversing unit 1, the drive roller 2 and the coil holder 3, 4 and a gear motor for driving the turret 5.
- a winding unit with two consecutive Running bobbins. It is possible in a variant of the device with axial extended brackets to wind other bobbins in parallel.
- the thread 6 is supplied by a delivery unit 7 via a Traversing thread guide 8 of the bobbin 9 under construction, which is supplied by Driving roller 2 is driven. At the end of the term of the coil 9 Change initiated.
- the drives of the Empty sleeves 18 and the drive of the bobbin holder 3 equipped with full bobbins 9 or 4 started.
- the drive roller 2 is lifted off the full spools 9 (see Fig. 2).
- the coil holders swap places by 180 °.
- Spool change is the drive roller 2 on the equipped with empty tubes Coil holder 3 lowered (see Fig. 3) and drives it. She comes here however, not in contact with the sleeves 18, but via a thrust ring 10 kept at a short distance. In this step, the thread 6 runs over the empty tube 18.
- the bobbin holder 4 with the full bobbins 9 is braked.
- the through that Braking the resulting speed difference between delivery plant 7 and Full bobbin 9 causes the empty tube 18 to be supplied with more thread material, as the full spool decreases.
- the excess is wound onto the empty tube 18, and exerts a tensile force on the connection 11 between the empty tube and the full spool out. If the tensile force exceeds the breaking limit, the connection breaks and the Thread 6 winds exclusively on the empty tube 18 and forms an im Missing winding lying in the center of the sleeve 14.
- the bobbin holder drives are now switched off.
- the guide plate 12 becomes parallel moved to the bobbin holder so that the incoming thread 6 in the area of Thread reserve track 15 is wound on the empty tube.
- 7 and 8 is the Displacement of the false winding from the center into the area of the thread reserve track shown.
- the following is a nozzle 16 on the thread reserve track Positioned opposite side of the false wrap 14 and with adjustable compressed air acted upon (see Fig. 7).
- the nozzle 16 is then in the direction of Thread reserve track 15 moves.
- the air jet pushes with the movement of the nozzle 16 the false wrap 14 in front of itself except for the position of the thread reserve track 15.
- the tearing end of the thread becomes in the false wrap during shifting fixed.
- the air supply to the nozzle is switched off and the nozzle in returned to their starting position.
- the number of related nozzles 16 corresponds to the thread of the winder. If more than one nozzle is used, as in Appropriate measures must be taken to ensure that the example shown here is: the same amount of air is applied to each nozzle.
- the quality of the method according to the invention follows from the following Examples 1 and 2.
- An automatic winder is compared according to EP-A 0 359 453, which works with a thread reserve formation according to German laid-open specification 25 24 415 and a winder that works according to the inventive method. Both winders are with smooth Fitted sleeves, the conditions upstream of the winder are identical.
- the Continuous filament yarn of the example to be wound is an elastane.
- Each bobbin is examined individually when assessing the thread reserve. Here two thread ends integrated into the winding lead to devaluation.
Landscapes
- Replacing, Conveying, And Pick-Finding For Filamentary Materials (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- einen erfindungsgemäßen Wickler während des Spulenaufbaus.
- Fig. 2
- ein Schema des Wicklers beim Spulenwechsel.
- Fig. 3
- ein Schema des Wicklers nach erfolgtem Spulenwechsel.
- Fig. 4
- die Positionierung des Fadens im Zustand des Abrisses.
- Fig. 5
- die Trennung der Fadenverbindung zwischen Vollspule und Leerhülse.
- Fig. 6
- die Positionierung des vom Lieferwerk zulaufenden Fadens auf der Fadenreservespule.
- Fig. 7
- die Positionierung der Führungsdüsen.
- Fig. 8
- die Verschiebung des Fehlwickels aus der Spulenmitte auf die Fasenreservespur.
- Fig. 9 und 10
- den Übergang von der Fadenreservebildung zum normalen Wickelvorgang.
- Gesamttiter
- 45 dtex
- Höchstzugkraftdehnung
- >500 %
- Höchstzugkraft
- >45 cN
- Wickelgeschwindigkeit
- >600 m/min
| Wechselsicherheit | Fadenreserve | |
| erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren | 100 % | 100 % |
| Vergleich | 96 % | 76 % |
- Gesamttiter
- 17 dtex
- Höchstzugkraftdehnung
- >450 %
- Höchstzugkraft
- >20 cN
- Wickelgeschwindigkeit
- >700 m/min
| Wechselsicherheit | Fadenreserve | |
| erfindungsgemäßes Verfahren | 99 % | 100 % |
| Vergleich | 80 % | 79 % |
Claims (11)
- Verfahren zum Wickeln von Endlosfäden oder Garnen (6) auf Spulen (9) mit kontinuierlichem Spulenwechsel durch Zuführen und Wickeln des Fadens (6) auf einen von einer Walze (2) getriebenen Spulkörper (9) mit Changierung des Fadens entlang der Spulkörperachse, Trennen der vollen Spule (9) von der Antriebswalze (2) mit Übernahme des Antriebs der Vollspule durch einen separaten Antrieb und Weiterwickeln des Fadens (6) im mittleren Bereich der Vollspule (9), Eindrehen einer separat angetriebenen Leerhülse (18) bis zum Kontakt mit Antriebswalze (2) und Faden (6), Bremsen der Vollspule (9), Aufnahme des laufenden Fadens (6) durch die Leerhülse (18) und Reißen des Fadens (6) zwischen Leerhülse (18) und Vollspule (9), Bildung eines Fehlwickels (14) im mittleren Bereich der Leerhülse (18), Verschieben der Stellung des zulaufenden Fadens (6) zum Randbereich der Leerhülse (18) zur Bildung einer Fadenreserve (15) aufhalb des Changierbereiches, Verschieben des gebildeten Fehlwickels (14) in den Bereich der Fadenreservespur (15), Rückführung des zulaufenden Fadens an die Changiereinheit zur Bildung des Spulkörpers und Wechsel der Vollspule (9) gegen eine neue Leerhülse (18).
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der gebildete Fehlwickel (14) mechanisch oder pneumatisch in den Bereich der Fadenreserve (15) verschoben wird.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der gebildete Fehlwickel (14) mit Hilfe eines Fluids, das unter einem Winkel von 0 bis 90° zur Drehachse der Leerhülse (18) auf die Leerhülse (18) auftrifft, in den Bereich der Fadenreserve (15) verschoben wird.
- Verfahren gemäß den Ansprüchen 2 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der gebildete Fehlwickel (14) mit Hilfe eines Fluids, das aus einer seitlich zur Leerhülsenachse beweglichen Fluiddüse (16) ausströmt, in den Bereich der Fadenreserve (15) verschoben wird.
- Verfahren gemäß Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das verwendete Fluid Druckluft ist.
- Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens gemäß den Ansprüchen 1 bis 5 bestehend aus einer Fadenzuführung (7), einem Fadenführer (8), einer Changiereinheit (1), einer senkrecht zu ihrer Achse zusätzlich beweglichen Antriebswalze (2), mindestens zwei Spulenhaltern (3, 4) zur Aufnahme der Spulkörper (9) bzw. Leerhülsen (18) jeweils verbunden mit einer Wechseleinheit (5) zum Austausch der Position einer Vollspule (9) gegen die Position einer Leerhülse (18) und einer mechanischen oder pneumatischen Führungseinheit (16) zur Verschiebung eines Fehlwickels (14) entlang des Hülsenkörpers (18), in der die Spulenhalter (3, 4) mit aufsitzenden Hülsen (18) bis zum Kontakt mit der Antriebswalze (2) gebracht werden können und in der der Fadenführer (8) den einlaufenden Faden (6) von der Changiereinheit (1) abheben und seitlich zum Hülsenkörper (18) verschieben kann.
- Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Führungseinheit (16) als Fluiddüse mit einem Winkel des Fluidstrahls von 0 bis 90° zur Achse der Leerhülse (18) ausgeführt ist.
- Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Fluiddüse seitlich zur Leerhülsenachse verschiebbar ausgeführt ist.
- Vorrichtung gemäß den Ansprüchen 6 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Winkel des Fluidstrahls der Fluiddüse 45° zur Leerhülsenachse beträgt.
- Vorrichtung gemäß Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Führungseinheit (16) ein mechanischer Schieber ist, der seitlich zur Leerhülsenachse und in Richtung der Leerhülsenachse verschiebbar ausgeführt ist.
- Vorrichtung gemäß den Ansprüchen 6 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Antriebswalze (2) und die Spulenhalter (3, 4) mit jeweils separatem Antrieb ausgestattet sind.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE4415653 | 1994-05-04 | ||
| DE4415653A DE4415653A1 (de) | 1994-05-04 | 1994-05-04 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Wickeln von Endlosfäden oder Garnen |
Publications (3)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP0680918A2 EP0680918A2 (de) | 1995-11-08 |
| EP0680918A3 EP0680918A3 (de) | 1996-12-04 |
| EP0680918B1 true EP0680918B1 (de) | 1999-02-10 |
Family
ID=6517227
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP95106117A Expired - Lifetime EP0680918B1 (de) | 1994-05-04 | 1995-04-24 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Wickeln von Endlosfäden oder Garnen |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5810270A (de) |
| EP (1) | EP0680918B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JPH07300281A (de) |
| KR (1) | KR950031845A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2148325A1 (de) |
| DE (2) | DE4415653A1 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2129150T3 (de) |
| TW (1) | TW419541B (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1127832B1 (de) * | 2000-02-25 | 2005-03-16 | Saurer GmbH & Co. KG | Vorrichtung zum Wickeln von rotatorisch angetriebenen Kreuzspulen |
| DE102007060148A1 (de) | 2007-12-13 | 2009-06-18 | Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg | Aufspulvorrichtung |
| CN105821543B (zh) * | 2016-05-16 | 2018-03-30 | 无锡宏源机电科技股份有限公司 | 高效自动纤维机械 |
| DE102018003737A1 (de) * | 2018-05-08 | 2019-11-14 | Oerlikon Textile Gmbh & Co. Kg | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Aufwickeln mehrerer Fäden |
| CN114229095B (zh) * | 2021-12-06 | 2023-08-11 | 武汉纺织大学 | 一种自动更换纱筒筒芯及套袜一体化设备 |
| JP7789591B2 (ja) * | 2022-03-10 | 2025-12-22 | Tmtマシナリー株式会社 | 糸巻取機 |
Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE1145525B (de) * | 1957-02-01 | 1963-03-14 | Glanzstoff Ag | Garnspule mit Anfangsfadenreserve sowie Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bildung derselben |
| US3275252A (en) * | 1964-06-12 | 1966-09-27 | Allied Chem | Transfer tail winding |
| US3342428A (en) * | 1965-03-22 | 1967-09-19 | Du Pont | Apparatus and process for continuously winding yarn |
| CH574866A5 (de) * | 1973-12-14 | 1976-04-30 | Rieter Ag Maschf | |
| US4033519A (en) * | 1974-06-06 | 1977-07-05 | Teijin Limited | Method and apparatus for automatically changing bobbins and winding yarn continuously |
| US4283019A (en) * | 1979-08-29 | 1981-08-11 | Rieter Machine Works, Ltd. | Lacer arm for a winding machine |
| DE68910762T2 (de) * | 1988-09-06 | 1994-03-31 | Asahi Chemical Ind | Methode zur automatischen Überführung eines elastischen Fadens von einer vollen auf eine leere Spule. |
-
1994
- 1994-05-04 DE DE4415653A patent/DE4415653A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1995
- 1995-04-24 DE DE59505067T patent/DE59505067D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-04-24 ES ES95106117T patent/ES2129150T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-04-24 EP EP95106117A patent/EP0680918B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-04-28 JP JP7127506A patent/JPH07300281A/ja active Pending
- 1995-05-01 TW TW084104298A patent/TW419541B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-05-01 CA CA002148325A patent/CA2148325A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-05-04 KR KR1019950010948A patent/KR950031845A/ko not_active Ceased
-
1997
- 1997-02-04 US US08/795,296 patent/US5810270A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0680918A2 (de) | 1995-11-08 |
| JPH07300281A (ja) | 1995-11-14 |
| CA2148325A1 (en) | 1995-11-05 |
| TW419541B (en) | 2001-01-21 |
| US5810270A (en) | 1998-09-22 |
| DE4415653A1 (de) | 1995-11-09 |
| EP0680918A3 (de) | 1996-12-04 |
| DE59505067D1 (de) | 1999-03-25 |
| KR950031845A (ko) | 1995-12-20 |
| ES2129150T3 (es) | 1999-06-01 |
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