EP0679764A2 - Grating for grass surfacing and set of gratings - Google Patents

Abstract

The paving stone (1) has lockable fasteners located on its sides. The fasteners may be locked in different angular positions and consist of pegs (5) and brackets (3) with slots (4). Dividing walls (8) with corrugated reinforcers having curved or bent sections (10) are located on ground supports (7). The walls and/or corrugated reinforcers have webs (11). The peg is sine-curved, with a curvature directed into the block and a stop angle (6) in front of it. The bracket is also curved. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a lawn grid plate and a grass grid plate kit according to the preamble of claim 1.

From the patents US 4 111 585, EP 516 957 A1 and EP 400 158 A1, grass grid panels with a honeycomb-like hexagonal cell arrangement and drainage openings in the base plate are known.
Furthermore, EP-PS 455 260 B1 describes a lawn grid plate of the same type, in which so-called transition openings are provided in the lower region of the cell dividing walls and in the base plate.
DE-OS 3 327 868 describes a lawn cover with a recess for road guidance device for street banquets.
The known lawn grid plates are connected to larger flat structures in one plane by means of different connecting elements.

In the German utility model G 93 01 590.9 and European patent application 605 805 A2, grass grid panels or floor mounting panels are described which have no continuous floor coverings, namely on the one hand stiffening ribs running perpendicular to the cell walls, which run as narrow connecting webs from one to the opposite corner point of a cell and on the other hand, have wall connections designed as a floor covering at the nodes of adjacent cells, the extent of which is limited to the area of the respective node of adjacent cells.

DE-OS 44 09 538 describes a device for creating preferably greenable embankments, which essentially consists of floor grids and front grilles which are connected to one another in an articulated manner and hold nonwoven layers, preferably coconut fleece, applied to embankment reinforcements in such a way that they do not slip.
All known turf grids and kits of turf grids are very different in design, dimension and usability, can be combined little or not with each other and cannot be adapted to the terrain or only at risk of breaking the connecting means or are not - as in the case of the DE-OS 44 09 538 - passable. Also the floor anchoring means provided in some known lawn grid plates, mostly designed as thorns or pegs, are disadvantageous because they take up additional transport space because of their bulky nature and when the plates are stacked the floor anchoring means jam or wedge in the underlying plate. Another disadvantage of the known lawn grid plates is the fact that the individual cells are kept relatively small in order to achieve a high load-bearing capacity, although the larger the individual cells are, the more uniform the lawn area. Another disadvantage is that when laying grass pavers on a solid surface, the edges of the slabs at the beginning in the direction of travel are often destroyed or pressed into the ground, lifting adjacent slabs and thereby detaching from their connections.

The object of the invention is to provide a lawn grid panel with such connecting means which enables adaptation to the terrain and can be used both for the known laying in a network in one level and for laying on embankments of dikes and dams with different laying levels, allow easy assembly and, if necessary, easy disassembly. When increasing or at least maintaining the load-bearing capacity and at the same time saving material, the grass grid plates should have larger diameters of the individual cells in order to to enable a uniform appearance of the entire lawn area. In order to improve the lawn growth in laid turf grids, better under-rooting is provided. The object of the invention is also, with acting side forces, for. B. by starting or braking vehicles to prevent slipping of individual panels without the transport space increased by appropriate ground anchoring means or jamming of panels before laying.
The invention is also based on the object to provide a grass grid panel kit, the range of which allows better adaptation of individual grass grid panels to the terrain, in particular on embankments of dikes and dams, allows quick and easy assembly of the grass grid panels and - if necessary - easy disassembly allowed. Special designs of the lawn grid plates are intended to enable the edges of laid webs to be passed over, the edge zones of individual plates to be destroyed when driving on them, and to allow excess amounts of water to run off smoothly.
This task is solved by the features given in the characterizing part of claim 1. The lawn grid plate according to the invention consists of a frame with tabs with a slot opening arranged on at least one side thereof, and correspondingly, at least on one side, sinusoidally curved pins are also arranged on the frame, which are preceded by a stop angle. The connecting means arranged on at least three sides of the lawn grid plate are designed as articulated connections which can be locked at different angles. On known, differently designed floor supports, cell partition walls are arranged in sections so that on a floor support vertically there is a cross point of cell partition walls and at least 2 bends and / or bends in the cell partition walls. The cell partitions on the edges of the lawn grid plate have bevels. The cell partitions are provided with bead-like stiffeners and webs arranged on these or on the cell partitions.

The webs can preferably be arranged at right angles to the bead-like stiffeners or the cell dividing walls, as individual webs or cross-shaped as double webs or alternately and, in cooperation with the bead-like stiffeners, serve to increase the load-bearing capacity of the grass grid panels and enable larger diameters of the honeycomb-shaped cells formed by the cell dividing walls Cells.
The bead-shaped stiffeners are provided as gutter, throat or bulge-shaped structures which are arranged completely or partially on the cell dividing walls.
There are under-rooting channels between the individual floor coverings for the better penetration of roots into the soil area below the lawn grid. At the same time, the underrooting channels save material when producing the grass panels.
According to the invention, the floor coverings can be carried out flat as a flat part or as gable roof-shaped floor coverings or conical roof-shaped or even with floor anchors angled at an acute angle. The various designs of the floor pads, the floor anchors and the angled webs angled upwards from the frame or the floor pads and the stop angles in front of the pegs cause claws in the floor and prevent slippage of the lawn grid panels in the event of lateral forces from approaching or braking vehicles. This type of protection against slipping of the plates makes it possible to dispense with bulky pins and thorns as floor anchoring.
The joint connections consist essentially of a tab and pin. The tab is arranged as an arcuate part at the top of an angled web and this in turn is connected to the frame or the floor support. A slot opening in the arcuate tab is designed so that the walls of the slot are chamfered and / or angled several times. The edges of the lawn grid plate opposite the tabs arranged and to be connected to the tabs are sinusoidally curved.
The sinusoidal bends of the peg and bevels on the walls of the slot openings are so coordinated in their angular dimensions that easy assembly and disassembly, but above all a laying of adjacent lawn grating plates can take place in an upward or downward laying plane.
The angular dimensions of the walls of the slot openings, the thickness of the pin, the inside width of the slot opening and the stop angle are dimensioned according to the invention such that despite angled laying of panels, they are firmly connected to one another in any of the possible inclined positions and can be removed from any position. The fixed connection of the tab and the pin is achieved by the design of the pin according to the invention in that the lower arc of the pin is directed towards the plate.

The lawn grid plate kit according to the invention is composed of differently designed lawn grid plates. The basic building block consists of a lawn grid plate, which - as described above - is carried out consistently at a uniform height.

A second plate is equipped with a gutter across a direction of installation, for example to allow the flooding water to drain in heavy rainfall. A third panel has a threshold on one edge to prevent vehicles from running over it. In this way, plantings, buildings and also non-fortified zones of dams and dikes are to be protected from being driven on. A fourth plate is wedge-shaped in order to enable it to be driven onto a laid sheet of grass grid tiles on a solid surface, so that edge zones of laid grass grid tiles are not damaged or edge areas of laid tiles do not press into the ground and thus become apparent from their connections to neighboring tiles to solve.

In order to better adapt the lawn grating and a compound consisting of a large number of lawn grating to the terrain, especially on embankments of dikes and dams, the connecting elements of all types of lawn grating are articulated and can therefore move up and down or laterally to the laying direction be connected at the top and bottom at an angle.

A further feature of the invention consists in that covering plates or flexible covering sheets are partly or completely laid on the installed lawn grid plates. These cover plates or webs are provided on the underside with knobs which correspond to the cells of the lawn grid plates in order to ensure that the cover webs or plates are firmly supported on the lawn grid plates. These cover sheets or panels are to be installed primarily in pedestrian areas or in areas with particularly high loads. An application for the purpose of marking the lawn areas with lines, arrows or other traffic signs in different colors is also conceivable to perfect the lawn grating kit.
In order to give starting and braking vehicles a better grip and better grip on the lawn area provided with lawn grid plates, the upper edges of the cell partition walls and / or the cover sheets or cover plates are provided with profiles, for example sawtooth-like profiles.

In addition to the claims, the features of the invention also emerge from the description and the drawings, the individual features, each individually or in groups in the form of sub-combinations of the elements, representing advantageous protective designs for which protection is requested with this document.
Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings and are explained in more detail below.

• Fig. 1: Draufsicht auf eine Rasengitterplatte,
• Fig. 2: Schnitt C-C nach Fig. 1,
• Fig. 3: Schnitt D-D nach Fig. 1,
• Fig. 4: Schnitt E-E nach Fig. 1,
• Fig. 5: Schnitt F-F nach Fig. 1,
• Fig. 6: Schnitt A-A nach Fig. 1,
• Fig. 7: Schnitt B-B nach Fig. 1,
• Fig. 8: Teilschnitt durch eine Platte mit Bodenverankerung,
• Fig. 9: Verbindungsmittel in Verlegerichtung a,
• Fig. 10: Verbindungsmittel in Verlegerichtung b,
• Fig. 11: Verbindungsmittel in abgewinkelter Lage in Verlegerichtung b,
• Fig. 12: Verbindungsmittel in aufwärts gerichteter Lage in Verlegerichtung b,
• Fig. 13: Verbindungsmittel in abgewinkelter Lage in Verlegerichtung a,
• Fig. 14: Verbindungsmittel in aufwärts gerichteter Lage in Verlegerichtung a,
• Fig. 15: Demonstration verschiedener Schräglagen der Verbindungsmittel,
• Fig. 16: Seitenansicht von im Verbund verlegten Rasengitterplatten in Verlegerichtung a,
• Fig. 17: Seitenansicht eines Rasengitterplattenbausatzes in Verlegerichtung a,
• Fig. 18: Seitenansicht von im Böschungswinkel verlegten Rasengitterplatten in Verlegerichtung b,
• Fig. 19: Seitenansicht von im Böschungswinkel verlegten Rasengitterplatten in Verlegerichtung a,
• Fig. 20: Seitenansicht einer Rasengitterplatte mit Abdeckbahn mit Profil.

The drawings show:

• 1: top view of a turf grid,
• 2: section CC of FIG. 1,
• 3: section DD of FIG. 1,
• 4: section EE according to FIG. 1,
• 5: section FF of FIG. 1,
• 6: section AA according to FIG. 1,
• 7: section BB of FIG. 1,
• 8: partial section through a plate with floor anchoring,
• 9: connecting means in the laying direction a,
• 10: connecting means in the laying direction b,
• 11: connecting means in an angled position in the laying direction b,
• 12: connecting means in the upward position in the laying direction b,
• 13: connecting means in an angled position in the laying direction a,
• 14: connecting means in the upward position in the laying direction a,
• 15: demonstration of various inclinations of the connecting means,
• 16: side view of turf grid plates laid in a composite in the laying direction a,
• 17: side view of a lawn grating kit in laying direction a,
• 18: side view of turf grid plates laid in the slope angle in laying direction b,
• 19: side view of grass grid panels laid in the slope angle in the laying direction a,
• Fig. 20: Side view of a turf grid with cover sheet with profile.

Example 1:

1 shows a lawn grid plate 1 consisting of a frame 2 with curved tabs 3 arranged on two opposite sides with slanted or / and multiple angled slot opening 4 , and on the remaining two opposite sides, pins 5 are arranged sinusoidally upwards on the frame 2 , which a stop angle 6 is upstream.
The connecting means in the form of the tabs 3 and pin 5 are shown in FIGS. 2 to 5.

The connecting means arranged on the sides of the lawn grid plate 1 are designed as articulated connections which can be locked at different angles and which allow the plates to be laid in accordance with the terrain profile, for example an embankment, a laterally angled and angled in the laying direction and a rising and falling laying of the plates in the composite enable. This prevents the connecting elements from breaking, as is often the case with the known lawn fastening plates, when these are laid on uneven ground or embankments and then driven over. Because of the possible upward and angled laying of the grass grid panels 1 in the composite, they are particularly suitable for accessible dams and dikes.
Sections cell partition walls 8 are as shown in Fig. 1 on polygon-shaped land pads 7 are arranged so that a cross-point of cell partition walls 8 and at least two bends and / or angled portions of bead-shaped stiffeners 10 of the cell partition walls are located on a bottom support 7 vertically with respect to these 8. The cell dividing walls 8 on the edges of the lawn grid plate 1 have bevels 9 .
The bevels can be seen in the sectional drawings of Figs. 4 and 5.

The cell partitions 8 are provided with bead-shaped stiffeners 10 and webs 11 arranged thereon or on the cell partitions 8 themselves. In this example, the webs 11 are arranged at right angles to the bead-shaped stiffeners 10 in a cross shape as double webs and, in cooperation with the bead-shaped stiffeners 10, serve to increase the load-bearing capacity of the grass grid panels 1 and enable larger diameters of the honeycomb-shaped cells formed by the cell partition walls 8 .

The bead-shaped stiffeners 10 are arranged vertically to the floor supports 7 with two bends of the bead-shaped stiffening fingers 10 on two adjacent floor supports 7 each. In this embodiment, the trapezoidal bead-like stiffeners 10 are preferred. Between the individual floor supports 7 there are under-rooting channels 12 for the better penetration of roots into the soil area below the grass grid plate 1 . At the same time, with the under-rooting channels 12, a material saving is achieved in the manufacture of the turf grid 1 .
The floor supports 7 , shown flat as a flat part in FIG. 6, as gable roof-shaped floor supports 13 in FIG. 7 and at an acute angle anchored floor anchors 14 in FIG. 8, can be carried out according to the invention. The various designs of the floor supports 7 , the floor anchors 14 and the angled webs 15 angled upwards from the frame 2 or the floor supports 7 and the stop angles 6 in front of the pegs 5 cause claws in the floor and prevent slippage of turf grid plates 1 when lateral forces occur due to approaching forces or braking vehicles. This type of anti-slip device makes it possible to dispense with bulky cones and thorns as anchoring to the floor.

The articulated connections, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 5 and 9 to 14, essentially consist of tab 3 and pin 5 . The tab 3 is arranged as an arcuate part at the top of the angular web 15 and this in turn is connected to the frame 2 or the floor support 7 . The slot opening 4 in the arcuate tab 3 is designed so that the walls of the slot are chamfered. The to the tabs 3 opposite edges of the grating plate 1 and arranged with the plates 3 to be connected to pins 5 are sinusoidal curved. The sinusoidal bends of the pin 5 and bevels on the walls of the slot openings 4 are coordinated with one another in their angular dimensions so that easy assembly and disassembly, but above all a laying of adjacent turf grid plates in an upward or downward laying plane can take place.
The angular dimensions of the walls of the slot openings 4 , the thickness of the pin 5 , the inside width of the slot opening 4 and the stop angle 6 are dimensioned such that despite angled laying of panels, these are firmly connected to one another in any of the possible inclined positions and can be removed from any position. The fixed articulation of the tab 3 on the pin 5 in various inclined positions of a plate on which the pin 5 is located is demonstrated in FIG. 15. This fixed and by side forces occurring, also loading pressure, especially in the case of uneven floors, non-releasable connection of tab 3 and pin 5 is achieved by the design of the pin according to the invention, in that the lower arc of the pin 5 is directed towards the plate.
If in the laying direction b (FIG. 1) on approximately horizontally laid turf grid plates 1 further plates are laid upwards in an inclined position, this is possible until the bevels 9 of adjacent plates of the cell partition walls 8 located on the edge of the grass grid plate 1 butt against one another. The bevels 9 form the limit for an inclined position upwards. The same applies to panels that are angled downwards. Here the tab 3 with the stop angle 6 meet flat and form the boundary.

The, as shown in several figures and particularly prominent in the sectional drawings between interconnected plates are only about 40 to 50% of the inside dimensions of the honeycomb cells, depending on the laying direction of the plates, so that there is no risk of overloading the cell dividing walls 8 at the edges of the Plates exists.

Example 2:

FIG. 16 shows a side view according to FIG. 1 in laying direction A with covering plates 21 placed on the individual grass grid plates 1. These cover plates 21 are particularly suitable for pedestrian crossings, but also for strips of grass grid plates 1 laid ; 16; 17 , which are exposed to particularly high loads. Instead of individual cover plates 21 , as shown in FIG. 20, cover sheets 22 can be used which are either flat on their surface or, as shown in FIG. 20, are provided with a sawtooth-like profile. The articulated connections can be clearly seen in FIG.
FIG. 17 shows a bandage made up of different grass grid panels 1; 16; 17; 18 shown in the laying direction a. The dressing consists of a wedge-shaped lawn grid plate 18 , a lawn grid plate 1 as a basic pattern, a lawn grid plate 16 with a channel 19 and a lawn grid plate 17 with a threshold 20 . The composite of the grass panels 1; 16; 17; 18 is formed by the articulated connections which are at least on three sides of the lawn grid plates 1; 16; 17; 18 are arranged. A grass grid panel kit consists of four different grass grid panels 1; 16; 17; 18 and optionally from cover plates 21 or flexible cover sheets 22 . The lawn grid plate 1 has a constant height. The lawn grid plate 16 preferably has a transverse channel 19 in the central region, the depth of which corresponds to approximately a quarter of the plate height.

This lawn grid plate 16 is used in places where, for example, larger amounts of water are to be expected in heavy rainfall. The lawn grid plate 17 with threshold 20 is preferably at the end of a group of several grass grid plates 1; 16; 18 relocates and fulfills the task of preventing vehicles from driving over the panel end or the composite sides. It serves to protect plant stands and buildings. In the area of the threshold 20 , the cell walls are provided with additional drainage holes 23 for better drainage. The wedge-shaped grass grid plate 18 is used in particular when laying grass grid plates 1; 16; 17 on an already solid surface, is used to better drive onto the grass grid slab kit or the grass grid slab assembly and prevents the edges of the slabs from breaking or the pressing of slabs at the beginning into the subsurface and thus lifting adjacent slabs and releasing them from their connections with them.
FIG. 18 shows a side view of turf grid plates 1 laid on an embankment in the laying direction b.
FIG. 19 shows a side view of grass grid panels 1 laid in a composite in the laying direction a on an embankment. Both figures show the different attachment of the joints on the edges of the lawn grid plates 1; 16; 17; 18 , which, depending on the direction of installation a or b, connect the panels to one another in an articulated manner.
FIG. 20 shows a side view of a lawn grid plate 1 which is provided with a cover sheet 22 . The cover sheet 22 is equipped with a sawtooth-like profile. But it can also be used especially for pedestrian crossings with a smooth or slightly profiled surface. The cover sheet 22 is flexible and has nub-shaped elevations on its underside, which correspond to the cellular honeycombs of the lawn grid plate 1 . A temporary or permanent increase in the load-bearing capacity can be achieved by resting the cover sheet 22 or individual cover plates 21 .

Reference numerals

1

Grass grid

2nd

frame

3rd

Tab

4th

Slot opening

5

Cones

6

Stop angle

7

Floor pad

8th

Cell partition

9

bevel

10th

Bead-shaped stiffening

11

web

12th

Root canal

13

Floor covering, gabled roof

14

Ground anchoring

15

Winkelsteg

16

Grass grid with gutter

17th

Grass grid with threshold

18th

wedge-shaped turf grid

19th

Gutter

20th

threshold

21

Cover plate

22

Cover sheet

23

Drainage holes

a

Laying direction

b

Laying direction

Claims (21)

Grating for grass surfacing (1), consisting of one piece gefertigtem plastic injection-molded part with a honeycomb cell arrangement, base connecting surfaces (7), drainage openings between them and to the edges of the grating plate (1) arranged connecting elements, characterized in that lockable on the sides of a lawn grid plate (1) in different angular degrees articulated Connections consisting of pegs (5) and tabs (3) with a slot opening (4) and on the floor supports (7; 13) , in sections vertically to these, cell partition walls (8) with at least one bend and / or bend of bead-like stiffeners (10 ) are arranged and the cell dividing walls (8) , webs (11) and / or on their bead-shaped stiffeners (10) , webs (11) . A lawn grid panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the articulated connections which can be locked in different angular dimensions have a connecting part as a pin (5) which is curved sinusoidally and the lower arch of which has a curvature directed towards the panel. Lawn grating slab according to claim 1, characterized in that the stop (5) is preceded by a stop bracket (6) which is angled to an angle dimension matched to the other joint-like connecting parts. A turf grid according to claim 1, characterized in that the articulated connections which can be locked in different angular dimensions have a connecting part as a tab (3) which is designed in an arc shape, has a slot opening (4) which is chamfered on the inner longitudinal walls and / or is angled several times. A lawn grating slab according to claim 1, characterized in that the tab (3) is angled on a vertically upward angled web (15) outside the panel and the angled web (15) is arranged on a frame (2) or a floor support (7) . A lawn grid panel according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the angular dimensions of the inner longitudinal walls of the slot opening (4) , the thickness and sinusoidal curvature of the pin (5) , the inside width of the slot opening (4) , the angle and the The position of the stop angle (6) and the position of the angled web (15) are arranged so that they are coordinated with one another in such a way that adjoining turf grid plates (1) , directed upwards or downwards, are firmly connected to one another in defined inclined positions in a defined angular range. Lawn grating slab according to claim 1, characterized in that the floor supports (13) have a circular or polygonal support surface and the floor supports (7; 13) are arranged connected to one another by cell dividing walls (8) and / or by a frame (2) . Lawn grating slab according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that under-rooting channels are arranged between the floor supports (7; 13) . Lawn grating slab according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the floor coverings (13) have a gable-roof or conical roof-shaped support surface. Lawn grating slab according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that floor anchors (14) angled at an acute angle are arranged on the floor supports (7) and / or the frame (2) . A lawn grid panel according to claim 1, characterized in that the bead-shaped stiffeners (10) are arranged over the entire surface or partially as a trough, throat or bulge-shaped structure on or on the cell partition walls (8) . Lawn grid plate according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that individual webs (11) are arranged alternately or cross-shaped as double webs on the cell partition walls (8) and / or the bead-shaped stiffeners (10) . Lawn grid plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the cell dividing walls (10) have bevels on two opposite edges of the lawn grid plate (1) . Lawn grid plate according to one or more of the preceding claims, characterized in that the size and the angular dimensions of the angular webs (15) , the stop bracket (6) and the floor anchors (14) as well as the design of the floor supports (13) as anti-slip devices are arranged in a coordinated manner are. Lawn grating kit made of one-piece plastic injection molded parts as differently shaped panels with honeycomb-shaped cell arrangement, floor supports (7) , intermediate drainage openings and connecting elements arranged on the edges of the lawn grating panels (1) , characterized in that the grass grating panel assembly consists of grass grating panels (1; 16 ; 17; 18) and a plurality of turf grid plates (1; 16; 17; 18) can be connected to one another in a plane and / or at an angle and covers (21; 22) on the turf grid plates (1; 17; 18 ) entirely or partially arranged in strips or tracks. A lawn grating kit according to claim 15, characterized in that connecting elements are arranged as joints for laying the lawn grating panels (1; 16; 17; 18) in angled planes on at least two sides of the lawn grating panels (1; 16; 17; 18) . A lawn grid plate kit according to claim 15, characterized in that a lawn grid plate (1) is of the same height throughout, while a second lawn grid plate (16) transverse to a laying direction (a) or to a laying direction (b) with a channel (19) is a third lawn grid plate (17) are provided with a threshold (20) arranged on one side or at an edge and the cross-section of the grass grid plate (18) is wedge-shaped and can be connected to one another as a kit. Lawn grid panel kit according to one of the preceding claims 15 to 17, characterized in that previously laid lawn grid panels (1; 17; 18) are laid over the whole or in part of flexible cover sheets (22) and / or cover plates (21) with knobs arranged on the underside and the knobs correspond with the cells of the lawn grid plates (1; 17; 18) . Lawn-grating slab kit according to one of claims 15 to 18, characterized in that the cover sheets (22) can be flexibly arranged over grass grating slabs (1) laid obliquely upwards or obliquely downwards. Lawn grid panel kit according to one or more of claims 15 to 19, characterized in that differently colored cover plates (21) and / or cover sheets (22) are arranged on the lawn grid panels (1; 17; 18) . Lawn grid panel kit according to one or more of the preceding claims 15 to 20, characterized in that the cover plates (21) and / or the cover sheets (22) are provided with a surface-enlarging profile.

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