EP0674488B1 - Element de chauffage pour sieges de vehicule et son procede de fabrication - Google Patents

Element de chauffage pour sieges de vehicule et son procede de fabrication Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0674488B1
EP0674488B1 EP93924274A EP93924274A EP0674488B1 EP 0674488 B1 EP0674488 B1 EP 0674488B1 EP 93924274 A EP93924274 A EP 93924274A EP 93924274 A EP93924274 A EP 93924274A EP 0674488 B1 EP0674488 B1 EP 0674488B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
layer
heating element
heating
upholstery
loop
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP93924274A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0674488A1 (fr
Inventor
Börje LIVIKEN
Torgny Widen
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Kongsberg Automotive AB
Original Assignee
Scandmec AB
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from SE9203165A external-priority patent/SE9203165D0/xx
Application filed by Scandmec AB filed Critical Scandmec AB
Publication of EP0674488A1 publication Critical patent/EP0674488A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0674488B1 publication Critical patent/EP0674488B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/62—Accessories for chairs
    • A47C7/72—Adaptations for incorporating lamps, radio sets, bars, telephones, ventilation, heating or cooling arrangements or the like
    • A47C7/74—Adaptations for incorporating lamps, radio sets, bars, telephones, ventilation, heating or cooling arrangements or the like for ventilation, heating or cooling
    • A47C7/748—Adaptations for incorporating lamps, radio sets, bars, telephones, ventilation, heating or cooling arrangements or the like for ventilation, heating or cooling for heating
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
    • A47C7/00—Parts, details, or accessories of chairs or stools
    • A47C7/62—Accessories for chairs
    • A47C7/72—Adaptations for incorporating lamps, radio sets, bars, telephones, ventilation, heating or cooling arrangements or the like
    • A47C7/74—Adaptations for incorporating lamps, radio sets, bars, telephones, ventilation, heating or cooling arrangements or the like for ventilation, heating or cooling

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a heating element for vehicle seats according to the preamble of the appended patent claim 1.
  • the present invention also relates to a method for manufacture of heating elements for vehicle seats according to the preamble of the appended patent claim 6.
  • heating elements for vehicle seats based on an electrically conductive heating loop inserted between two layers of material.
  • manufacturing methods for vehicle seats have been developed, where the upholstery layer is glued to the elastic body of the seat cushion, usually made from plastic foam.
  • the use of conventional heating elements together with this manufacturing technique involves certain problems.
  • the glueing of the upholstery will not be homogenous in the heating element area, as the thickness of said elements may cause their contours to be seen and sensed on top of the upholstery layer.
  • special measures must be taken in order to obtain adhesion on both sides of the heating element.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a heating element which is material saving, and thereby space- as well as cost-saving, and allows integration into seats with glued upholstery.
  • the heating element 1 comprises a heating loop 2, laid out on a carrier 3, in the embodiment shown in figs. 1 and 2 consisting of a pair of foil layers 3, 4.
  • the lower foil layer may be the carrier, but may also be joined with another material which then is the carrier.
  • the upper foil layer 4 constitutes more or less a protective or covering layer, which in certain cases is necessary for adding further adhesive agent and in certain embodiments is intended for removal prior to assembly in a vehicle seat.
  • At least one foil layer, preferably the lower one 3, consists in this first embodiment of a very thin foil of glue, e.g. on a polyamide base, being hydrophilic.
  • polyester film Another alternative consists of polyester film, and a product example is a foil sold under the brand name of WW-22 from Westwood Products, California, U.S.A.
  • the upper foil layer may consist of the same material and if so may remain fixed during assembly into a vehicle seat, but may alternatively consist of a protective layer of paper or another fibrous material, non-woven, textile material or similar. In this case, said layer is only used for handling of the heating element 1 during manufacture, stockholding and transportation and is to be removed prior to assembly into a vehicle seat.
  • the heating loop 2 may consist of an as such known, electrically conductive resistance wire, preferably a multiple-cable one in order to withstand a large number of flexures without risk of breakage.
  • the wire may be uninsulated or may possibly have a plastic insulation withstanding a higher temperature than the steam temperature necessary for the manufacturing process (see below).
  • the heating loop consists of a closed loop having two connection leads 5, 6, which preferably terminate in a not shown connector device for connection to a not shown current source within the vehicle current supply system, comprising an alternator and a battery.
  • the heating loop 2 may be deployed in various ways in order to distribute the generated heat optimally, and may preferably be supplemented by a previously known wave form.
  • the heating loop 2 is fastened to at least the lower foil layer by means of a bonding agent, e. g. a layer of glue, which also constitutes the bonding agent for adhesion of the upper foil layer 4 to the lower foil layer 3.
  • a bonding agent e. g. a layer of glue, which also constitutes the bonding agent for adhesion of the upper foil layer 4 to the lower foil layer 3.
  • the foil layer itself may also be used as a bonding agent through heating of the wire before it is deployed on the foil layer, so that a certain melting to a bonding effect is achieved.
  • the carrier, at least the lower foil layer 3 is air-permeable which is achieved in the shown embodiment through a large number of holes 7, which, in the case of having twin foil layers also when assembled, requires correspondingly located holes in the upper foil layer to enable air permeation through the entire heating element, between it's bottom side and top side.
  • holes are not necessary in the top layer.
  • the holes are arranged not to coincide with the location of the heating
  • Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment where the heating loop is carried by another type of latticed carrier, in this case consisting of a mesh or net 8, e. g. made of polyamide, polyester or similar.
  • the heating loop 2 may also in this case be fixed to the net by means of a bonding agent in the form of glue. Also in this case there may be two layers arranged, i. e. a lower net and an upper net, to achieve a more secure fastening of the heating loop 2.
  • the various components of the heating element 1 are for clarity shown located at some distance from each other. In the finished heating element, the various components are in contact with each other.
  • the heating element thus comprises a carrier layer 30, on one side of which a heating loop 2 is fastened by means of a bonding agent 31, shown in fig.4 as a layer of glue.
  • a bonding agent 31 shown in fig.4 as a layer of glue.
  • an adhesive film 3 constitutes the lower layer of the element, being arranged against the opposite side of the heating loop. As will be clarified below, the adhesive film 3 also functions as a friction layer.
  • the carrier layer 30 in this case consists of a porous air-permeable foam material.
  • polyethene foam having a thickness of 2 mm and a density of 30 kg/m 3 is employed.
  • the heating element 1 is at least as flexible and stretchable as the vehicle seat upholstery 7, shown in fig. 7. This is so as to transmit also to the heating element those dimensional changes that occur in the upholstery layer due to the tool profile during manufacture, in order to avoid wrinkles and other malformations.
  • the profile of the vehicle seat may be relatively complex, resulting in three-dimensional deformations of the various parts of the heating element.
  • the carrier layer 30 constitutes the dimensionally dominating part of the heating element 1, it is thus of outmost importance that also this part fulfills the flexibility demands.
  • a decided advantage with the use of foam material for the carrier layer is furthermore that modern upholstery layers for vehicle seats often have an inside backing consisting of a thin layer of foam of approximately the same thickness as the carrier layer.
  • the mechanical and thermal properties of the heating element are brought to generally harmonize with those of the upholstery layer 7, as the carrier layer 30 mainly determines the total material properties of the heating element 1, such as stiffnes, flexibility and thermal expansion.
  • the importance of these properties being compatible to a high degree with the properties of the upholstery layer 7 will be apparent from the brief description of the manufacturing process for vehicle seats with glue-fixed upholstery layers given later in this description.
  • the heating element 1 In order for the heating element 1 to be used in said manufacturing process it is important that it is highly air-permeable.
  • the carrier layer in this case consists of a thin, porous foam layer, a very good air-permeability is achieved which allows for that the heating element 1 does not impair the vehicle seat capability of "breathing" through the design.
  • the heating loop 2 consists of an as such known electrically conductive resistance wire.
  • the wire may be uninsulated or may possibly be equipped with a plastic insulation.
  • Fig. 5 shows a heating element 1 where the heating loop 2 is deployed in a suitable pattern allowing elastic deformation of the heating loop in an arbitrary direction so as to withstand a large number of bendings and stretchings without the risk of breakage.
  • the closed loop is equipped with two connection leads 32, 33, which preferably terminate in a not shown connector device for connection to a not shown current source within the vehicle current supply system, comprising an alternator and a battery.
  • the heating loop 2 may be deployed in various ways in order to distribute the generated heat optimally, and may preferably show a similar wave pattern.
  • the heating loop 2 is fastened to the carrier layer 30 by means of a bonding agent, e.g. a glue layer 31 as shown schematically in fig.4.
  • a bonding agent e.g. a glue layer 31 as shown schematically in fig.4.
  • the glue layer 31 could suitably consist of a melting glue, being adapted so as not to impair the air-permeability of the heating element 1.
  • a friction layer 3 is applied between the upholstery layer 7 and the heating loop 2.
  • the friction layer is highly air-permeable and offers sufficiently high friction between the heating loop 2 and the inside of the upholstery layer 7 to mechanically transfer the deformations of the upholstery layer 7 to the the heating element 1 during the manufacturing process for vehicle seats with glued-on upholstery layer described below.
  • the friction layer 3 is included as part of the heating element 1 and consists of an adhesive film applied to that side of the heating loop 2 which is turned towards the upholstery layer 7.
  • the adhesive film is adapted principally to give an adhesive effect only after being subjected to heat, and is in this embodiment example fastened to the rest of the heating element 1 by means of the same glue layer that also fastens the heating loop 2 to the carrier layer 30.
  • the layer 3 In the finished heating element 1, all layers shown in fig. 4 are thus pressed together into one unit, held together by the glue layer 31, the layer 3 still remaining in a non-melted form and therefore giving only a limited adhesive effect by itself. In it's non-melted form the layer 3 is air-permeable and offers sufficiently high friction against the inside of the upholstery layer 7 to mechanically transmit the deformations of said upholstery layer 7 to the heating element 1.
  • the layer 3 shows for example a loose, fine-threaded mesh structure.
  • the material of the adhesive film in the embodiment example is a polyamide adhesive agent, denominated SH 2402, from Applied Extrusion Technologies Ltd, Bristol, UK.
  • Fig. 6 shows, schematically, an example of a device for manufacture of the heating element according to the invention.
  • the example is based on the alternative according to the first embodiment with two foil layers.
  • One foil layer is stored in a storage reel 9, located at one end of the device.
  • the device further comprises a station 10 for application of bonding agent, e.g. by spraying of glue on the top side of the foil layer 3.
  • a station 11 for deployment of the heating loop according to a pre-determined pattern.
  • the foil layer thus forms a continuous path, supported by a belt conveyor 12, extending between the various stations.
  • the second foil layer 4 is also deviced as a path and arranged to uncoil from a storage reel 13.
  • a conducting roller 14 is arranged, around which the second foil layer 4 is re-directed and attached to the first foil layer with the heating loop in between. Furthermore, a perforating device 15 is included, comprising e.g. a perforating roller 16 and a perforating knife 17. At the end of the device, a reel 18 is arranged for coiling of the manufactured and in path-form connected heating elements.
  • the lower foil layer 3 is continuously uncoiled and coated e.g. by spraying with a glue layer at the station 10 for application of bonding agent, after which the heating loop 2 is deployed at station 11 and fastened through glueing against the foil layer by means of the glue layer.
  • the second foil layer 4 is also uncoiled continuously from it's storage reel 13 and is attached by means of the conducting roller 14, after deployment of the heating loop, against the lower foil layer 3 with the heating loop in between.
  • the foil layers are then perforated by the perforating roller 16, whereby also perforation edges are created by means of the perforation knife 17, said edges being spaced with a distance equal to that between two opposite edges of the heating element, after which the connected heating elements are coiled onto the collection reel 18.
  • the knife 18 may be a cutting knife for cutting of the heating elements into separate units which are piled in boxes for transportation to the plant for vehicle seat assembly.
  • adhesive action between the loop 2 and the foil layer 3 may be obtained by first heating the wire forming the heating loop so as to partly melt the foil layer 3 into stickyness. In this way the application of a separate glue layer may be omitted.
  • Fig. 7 shows schematically, by way of example, a section through a device for manufacture of seat cushions, i.e. back-rest and seat cushions for vehicle seats.
  • the device and the method enlarges on the previously known technology of glueing the upholstery layer to the elastic body of a cushion.
  • a technology may be used here, which is described more closely in the European Patent o 227 202, rendering it unnecessary to describe that technology as such in detail.
  • the device comprises in principle a mould 19 having a cavity, the inner surface 20 of which has the same shape as the cushion in question.
  • the device further comprises a thrust plate 21, movable in the direction of the arrow 22, as well as in the opposite direction, by means of a not shown power actuator, e.g. an hydraulic or a pneumatic cylinder.
  • Said plate is intended for applying a pressure against an already shaped elastic body 23, forming the core of the cushion and showing the same moulded surface as the inner surface 20 of the mould.
  • the core may consist of a conventional material, usually foam plastic, e.g. polyester or poyurethane foam.
  • a number of ducts 25 are leading to the mould cavity, in the shown example arranged at the bottom of the mould and being connected to a vacuum device and a heating device, which may be switched into the ducts 25.
  • an upholstery layer 26 made from an air-permeable textile material, e.g.
  • a glue foil 27 which may be of the same type and preferably from identically the same material as the carrier of at least one of the foil layers 3 of the heating element. Other layer thicknesses may of course occur.
  • the foil layer 3, which in this case consists of a glue foil, and the glue foil 27, which covers the entire mould cavity, should be of such a character that the bonding effect of the glue foil is non-existent at a temperature below a pre-set temperature level, i.e.
  • glue foil should melt when heated to a temperature which lies below the maximum allowed temperature of all other cushion components, such as the elastic body 23 and the upholstery layer 26, and of the heating loop 2.
  • glue foil is thus meant such a layer which through it's material properties, at least at a certain temperature, has a bonding effect without the need for separate, additional glue layers.
  • An example of a glue foil is polyurethane foil, which when heated has a bonding effect.
  • the heating element 1 is located between the upholstery layer 26 and the elastic body 23 and thereby exhibits either one single layer, which is a glue foil, in which case any covering layer is removed, or twin glue foil layers with the heating loop in between them.
  • the upholstery layer 26 is placed in the mould and may consist of cut-out pieces or form part of a material path which is fed intermittently forwards over the mould cavity between operations.
  • the glue foil may be fed in a continuous path and be cut after the operation for continued intermittent forward feed.
  • Through vacuum effect via the air ducts 25 the upholstery layer 26 and the glue foil 27 are sucked into close contact with the inside wall of the mould. This happens in spite of the glue foil having a porous structure with a large number of microscopical holes, as these holes highly restrict the air passage.
  • the heating element 1 is placed in a predetermined position on top of the glue foil.
  • the elastic body 23 is then placed into the mould and a balanced pressure is applied by means of the thrust plate 21, the purpose of which is to press said body against the layers and the intermediate heating element. Then heat is introduced, by hot air via the air ducts 25, to a temperature above the melting temperature of the glue foil 27, which entails that the glue foil is transformed into drops and diffuses into the adjacent layers, i.e. into the elastic body as well as into the upholstery layer 26.
  • the installation of the heating element is not bound to the technology described in the above reference but may be used in connection with other methods for glueing of upholstery layers to elastic bodies in order to create cushions for vehicle seats.
  • the carrier may have another structure, e.g. be made of a porous material to be air-permeable and thereby allow passage and distribution of the vacuum applied during the process by means of the vacuum device and distribute the inflowing hot air.

Landscapes

  • Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
  • Chair Legs, Seat Parts, And Backrests (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Elément chauffant (1) pour sièges de véhicules construits à partir d'un bâti élastique (9) et d'une couche de rembourrage (7), comprenant un serpentin chauffant conducteur de l'électricité (2) pouvant être branché à une arrivée de courant, fixé à une couche support (30) électriquement isolante, perméable à l'air, le serpentin chauffant étant déployé selon un dessin permettant une déformation élastique dans une direction arbitraire,
    caractérisé en ce que
    les propriétés mécaniques de l'élément chauffant (1) correspondent sensiblement à celles de la couche de rembourrage (7);
    une couche de frottement (3) faisant partie de l'élément de chauffage (1) est appliquée entre la couche de rembourrage (7) et le serpentin chauffant (2), ladite couche de frottement étant perméable à l'air et offrant un frottement suffisamment élevé entre le serpentin chauffant et l'intérieur du rembourrage (7) pour transmettre mécaniquement les déformations de la couche de rembourrage (7) aux autres parties de l'élément chauffant (1).
  2. Elément chauffant (1) pour sièges de véhicules selon la revendication (1), caractérisé en ce que ladite couche de frottement (3) est constituée par un film adhésif appliqué sur la face du serpentin chauffant (2) tournée vers la couche de rembourrage (7), ledit film étant disposé principalement pour ne réaliser un effet de collage qu'après avoir été soumis à la chaleur et étant perméable à l'air à l'état non fondu et offrant un frottement suffisant contre l'intérieur de la couche de rembourrage (7) pour transmettre mécaniquement les déformations de la couche de rembourrage (7) aux autres parties de l'élément chauffant (1).
  3. Elément chauffant (1) pour sièges de véhicules selon les revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que ledit film adhésif (3) présente une structure maillée à fils fins.
  4. Elément chauffant (1) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que ladite couche support (30) est en un matériau alvéolaire poreux, perméable à l'air.
  5. Procédé de fabrication d'un coussin pour siège de véhicule, comprenant le collage d'une couche de rembourrage (26) à un corps élastique (23), caractérisé en ce qu'un élément chauffant (1) ayant la forme d'un serpentin chauffant (2) et d'un support (3), est inséré entre la couche de rembourrage (26) et le corps élastique (23) et est fixé à une position définie par collage, ledit collage étant obtenu par l'insertion d'une feuille de colle (27) entre la couche de rembourrage (26) et le corps élastique (23) et par le chauffage de la feuille de colle pour réaliser un effet de collage, et en ce que ledit élément chauffant (1) comportant un support ayant la forme d'une feuille de colle supplémentaire (3) est inséré entre la couche de rembourrage (26) et la première feuille de colle, la première feuille de colle et la feuille de colle supplémentaire étant chauffées pour réaliser un effet de collage.
  6. Procédé de fabrication d'un élément chauffant (1) pour sièges de véhicules construits à partir d'un bâti élastique (9) et d'une couche de rembourrage (7), l'élément chauffant (1) présentant un serpentin chauffant conducteur de l'électricité (2) pouvant être branché à une arrivée de courant, fixé à une couche support (30) perméable à l'air et déployé selon un dessin permettant une déformation élastique dans une direction arbitraire, caractérisé en ce qu'une couche de frottement (3) est appliquée entre la couche de rembourrage (7) et le serpentin chauffant (2), ladite couche de frottement étant perméable à l'air et offrant un frottement suffisant entre l'élément chauffant et l'intérieur dudit rembourrage (7) pour transférer mécaniquement les déformations de la couche de rembourrage à l'élément chauffant (1).
  7. Procédé selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu'on chauffe ledit élément chauffant (1) et la couche de rembourrage (7) pour réaliser un effet de collage de la couche de frottement (3) pour fixer le serpentin chauffant (2) contre l'intérieur de la couche de rembourrage (7) à une position définie.
EP93924274A 1992-10-28 1993-10-28 Element de chauffage pour sieges de vehicule et son procede de fabrication Expired - Lifetime EP0674488B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
SE9203165A SE9203165D0 (sv) 1992-10-28 1992-10-28 Vaermeelement foer fordonssaeten, stolsdyna innefattande ett vaermeelement, metod och anordning foer framstaellning av ett vaermeelement respektive en stolsdyna
SE9203165 1992-10-28
SE9302785A SE501996C2 (sv) 1992-10-28 1993-08-26 Värmeelement för fordonssäten och metod för dess framställning
SE9302785 1993-08-26
PCT/SE1993/000896 WO1994009684A1 (fr) 1992-10-28 1993-10-28 Element de chauffage pour sieges de vehicule et son procede de fabrication

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0674488A1 EP0674488A1 (fr) 1995-10-04
EP0674488B1 true EP0674488B1 (fr) 1998-09-23

Family

ID=26661556

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93924274A Expired - Lifetime EP0674488B1 (fr) 1992-10-28 1993-10-28 Element de chauffage pour sieges de vehicule et son procede de fabrication

Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0674488B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH08507404A (fr)
KR (1) KR100304599B1 (fr)
AU (1) AU5401794A (fr)
DE (2) DE674488T1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2123772C1 (fr)
SE (1) SE501996C2 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994009684A1 (fr)

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Publication number Publication date
SE9302785D0 (sv) 1993-08-26
WO1994009684A1 (fr) 1994-05-11
AU5401794A (en) 1994-05-24
EP0674488A1 (fr) 1995-10-04
DE674488T1 (de) 1996-08-29
RU2123772C1 (ru) 1998-12-20
KR950703885A (ko) 1995-11-17
SE501996C2 (sv) 1995-07-10
KR100304599B1 (ko) 2001-11-30
SE9302785L (sv) 1994-04-29
DE69321253T2 (de) 1999-05-27
JPH08507404A (ja) 1996-08-06
DE69321253D1 (de) 1998-10-29
RU95109840A (ru) 1996-12-10

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