Classifications

• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
  • E02B13/00—Irrigation ditches, i.e. gravity flow, open channel water distribution systems
• • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
  • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
  • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
  • E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
  • E02B3/02—Stream regulation, e.g. breaking up subaqueous rock, cleaning the beds of waterways, directing the water flow

Definitions

• the invention relates to a method for hydraulic branching of an open flow with at least one straight outgoing main flow of a certain pulse and one or more branch flows.
• the invention also relates to such a hydraulically operating channel branch for the distribution of liquids, in particular water, in open channels.
• the subject of the invention is the application of the method and the branching of the canal in hydraulic engineering, settlement management and irrigation technology.
• Duct separations from open ducts are found in very specific hydraulic applications, namely where water has to be distributed. Such tasks arise in hydraulic engineering as well as in urban water management and in irrigation technology. While water must be supplied to fields in irrigation systems, in the wastewater area, water is often added to the basin through distribution channels on the long side. The special case of uniform distribution plays the central role in all applications.
• the great disadvantage of conventional channel branches is that so far no uniform or controllable distribution of the water has been possible due to phenomena of separation and curvature influences. In addition, the complex phenomenon largely eluded elementary analysis.
• the branching problem is mainly about the flow distribution, ie the ratio of the flows in the laterally branching and the continuous duct branch.
• the flow conditions of separating streams show a dead water zone on the inside of the branch channel and a less pronounced separation area on the outside of the underwater channel. Furthermore, there is a typical stagnation point flow with soil detachment at the branching edge.
• the separation streamline on the surface runs approximately axially between the two branches towards the branching edge, on the other hand this runs far into the underwater channel on the bottom. This creates a secondary flow which is in line with the separation zones and which induces a floor flow in the direction of the branch duct.
• a spiral secondary flow is superimposed on the primary flow, which flows on the surface towards the outside and on the bottom therefore towards the inside.
• the water level gradient in the direction of the center of the curve is also typical.
• the object of the invention is to make such a method for hydraulic branching of an open flow simple, effective and better controllable, as independently as possible of the water level, the feed quantity, the branching angle and the channel widths.
• the pulse current is preferably one hundredth of the
• the hydraulically operating channel branching for distributing liquids, in particular water, in open channels comprises a) a common corner, in particular a circular arc, between the upper water channel and the branch channel; b) a wall converging towards the corner, which runs opposite the wall of the upper water channel leading to the corner; and c) which forms an outlet gap with the corner, the pulse current emerging using the Coanda effect being applied to the edges of the rounded corner as a wall jet.
• the wall for the main flow in front of the branching point troughs widened into the branch wall, i.e. the wall for the branch flow, rounded over.
• the Coanda effect is expediently caused by the pulse current with the higher potential energy.
• the beam is caused to be jammed up to a gap, to emerge from this gap and lie down on the curved wall and thus evenly deform the flow field.
• the small pulse jet can be fed with extraneous water as an external impulse. This can then be done, for example, in such a way that outside the wall of the main flow and, for example, parallel to it, an extraneous impulse flow, for example an extraneous water flow, is led into the region of the rounded corner and then its task, the partial flow - around the corner lead - take over.
• extraneous impulse flow for example an extraneous water flow
• the desired division of the wet medium, in particular water can be controlled in the channel branch depending on the size of the exit pulse.
• the channel branching can be carried out so that the deflection angle cL. at the rounded corner, which corresponds to the branch angle / s, can be changed. Different outlet gap sizes can be formed.
• the protruding wall in the upper water can go straight through the water depth.
• the protruding wall For certain tasks which involve the need to carry a particularly large amount of water at the bottom of the channel, it is possible to deform the protruding wall over the water depth in accordance with a function specified by the desired structure, such that e.g. the wall is cup-shaped in the end view, i.e. from a large gap width above parabolic tapered towards a small gap width below.
• the deformation must be carried out over the water depth in accordance with the desired structure.
• the measure of the invention means a surprising step forward.
• the advantages achieved by the invention are, in particular, that the distribution of the water can be controlled by the liquid jet emerging from the gap, which then uses the Coanda effect on the edge of the rounded corner.
• the wall steel beam thus opening into the branch duct has the effect that, in contrast to conventional branch ducts, there is no separation area on the inside of the branch duct and dead water zone on the outside of the branch duct Underwater channel can form.
• the flow pattern, viewed across the entire channel cross-section, is evenly deformed to the separation flow line. This flow pattern enables both analytical and numerical calculation. It is also of enormous importance that for the 50% division of the water into the branch channel and the underwater channel, the required pulse of the emerging jet from the gap only has to be 1/100 of the pulse of the main flow.
• the Coanda effect is the deflection of a beam towards a curved wall.
• the application is based on a vacuum effect in the area of the wall-side beam edge.
• Open channels mean free-mirror channels.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a first embodiment
• 2a, 2b, 2c end views are seen from the upper water channel of FIG. 1
• FIGS. 3-5 further embodiments, the configuration of the
• Figure 1 show varying.
• a T-branch is shown.
• a wall 3 protruding into the upper water channel 2 is led to the rounded corner 4 in a warpage.
• the protruding wall 3 forms, with the side wall 5 of the upper water channel leading outward in a warping, a small side channel 6 which tapers towards the rounded corner until approximately the original width bo of the upper water channel of the main flow is given again.
• the outward side wall 5 of the upper water channel is first curved very flat out of the straight line and then before the transition to rounded corner 4 shaped more to shape the trough-like configuration.
• the wall 5 is thus widened to the outside without discounts.
• the water flowing in the small side channel 6 formed thereby is not inconsiderably dammed up into the area of the gap 7. This happens through the narrow exit gap 7, which is formed between the projecting wall 3 and the opposite rounded corner 4.
• the water Qo flows in in FIG. 1 according to the direction of the arrow of the T-branch.
• the protruding wall 3 causes a certain build-up in the headwater, which remains in the side channel 6 up to the outlet gap.
• the normal water depth is approximately present again in the immediate area of the T branch, there is a potential difference between side channel 6 and branch channel 1.
• the potential difference now has the effect that a liquid jet emerges from the outlet gap 7 and because of the Coanda effect flows into the branch duct 1 along the rounded corner 4.
• the consequence of this is a uniform deformation of the flow field in the T-branch in such a way that the desired division of the water as a function of the exit pulse is achieved.
• FIGS. 2a-2c show possibilities of variation of these relationships, possibilities with which the exit impulse of the jet can be controlled. If, according to FIG. 2a, the projecting wall 3 is straight over the water depth, then according to FIG. 2b it is cup-shaped over the water depth, according to FIG. 2c Conversely, it is cup-shaped and, depending on the inflow amount Qo, causes a different build-up in the upper water channel 2 and thus also a variable exit impulse of the jet which is dependent on it from the parabolic design of the wall 3 according to FIG. 2b, according to FIG. 2c (inverted parabola).

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• Civil Engineering (AREA)
• Structural Engineering (AREA)
• Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
• Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
• Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
• Nozzles (AREA)
• Revetment (AREA)
• Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
• Catching Or Destruction (AREA)
• Branch Pipes, Bends, And The Like (AREA)
• Electrical Discharge Machining, Electrochemical Machining, And Combined Machining (AREA)
• Servomotors (AREA)
• Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
• Lubricants (AREA)
• Massaging Devices (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Publications (2)

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ID=6473133

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (11)

Cited By (1)

Families Citing this family (19)

Family Cites Families (6)

• 1992
  • 1992-11-17 DE DE4238830A patent/DE4238830A1/de not_active Withdrawn
• 1993
  • 1993-11-15 US US08/436,197 patent/US5567079A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1993-11-15 AT AT94901799T patent/ATE140744T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1993-11-15 PL PL93308758A patent/PL171636B1/pl unknown
  • 1993-11-15 WO PCT/EP1993/003195 patent/WO1994011580A1/fr active IP Right Grant
  • 1993-11-15 AU AU56243/94A patent/AU5624394A/en not_active Abandoned
  • 1993-11-15 JP JP6511721A patent/JPH08508071A/ja active Pending
  • 1993-11-15 DE DE59303339T patent/DE59303339D1/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 1993-11-15 EP EP94901799A patent/EP0673456B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1993-11-16 CN CN93114682A patent/CN1103691A/zh active Pending
  • 1993-11-16 TR TR01059/93A patent/TR27196A/xx unknown
  • 1993-11-17 MX MX9307190A patent/MX9307190A/es unknown

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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