EP0670744B1 - Schwimmflosse - Google Patents
Schwimmflosse Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0670744B1 EP0670744B1 EP91915696A EP91915696A EP0670744B1 EP 0670744 B1 EP0670744 B1 EP 0670744B1 EP 91915696 A EP91915696 A EP 91915696A EP 91915696 A EP91915696 A EP 91915696A EP 0670744 B1 EP0670744 B1 EP 0670744B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- section
- profile
- swimming
- flipper
- braces
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A63—SPORTS; GAMES; AMUSEMENTS
- A63B—APPARATUS FOR PHYSICAL TRAINING, GYMNASTICS, SWIMMING, CLIMBING, OR FENCING; BALL GAMES; TRAINING EQUIPMENT
- A63B31/00—Swimming aids
- A63B31/08—Swim fins, flippers or other swimming aids held by, or attachable to, the hands, arms, feet or legs
- A63B31/10—Swim fins, flippers or other swimming aids held by, or attachable to, the hands, arms, feet or legs held by, or attachable to, the hands or feet
- A63B31/11—Swim fins, flippers or other swimming aids held by, or attachable to, the hands, arms, feet or legs held by, or attachable to, the hands or feet attachable only to the feet
Definitions
- the invention is based on a swimming fin for divers or swimmers according to the genus of the main claim.
- Such fins are said to be the speed of locomotion of a diver or swimmer increase that by the up and down movement of the Flipper in the water acting on the fin Buoyancy is generated, its component in the direction of travel propulsion on the diver or swimmer causes.
- the flipper results in a flap strike Torsional effect on the leg of the diver or swimmer.
- Such flippers are therefore either as monofins trained with two mounts for both feet of the diver or swimmers and two firmly connected wing pointing outwards, or else it must compensate for the torsional effect on the Large extension wing opposite side, between the legs or feet of the diver or Float a second wing lower Extension should be provided.
- Have both configurations the disadvantage that the diver's freedom of movement or swimmers strong both on land and in water is restricted.
- the object of the invention is therefore a flipper to create the one hand great travel speeds enables and on the other hand freedom of movement of the diver or swimmer not or only little restricted.
- the profile has a low aspect ratio and is in plan to by the knee of the swimmer or diver extending leg longitudinal axis symmetrical. This will have a torsional effect on the diver's leg or swimmers avoided. The resulting reduced span of the profile is due to the optimal Flow conditions balanced.
- the flipper with the diver's leg or Float can be connected without influencing mobility to have his foot.
- the swimmer's foot can naked or dressed with a swimming shoe and can be both when opening and dismounting in Move water undisturbed when walking on land.
- the swimmer's foot moves as it hits and strikes each between the two struts.
- the struts arranged on the side of the profile in the area of the profile to a perpendicular to the profile surface Extended area.
- This configuration has the advantage that the vortex formation at the side ends of the profile is reduced.
- Such a configuration corresponds in the effect of increasing the span of the Profiles.
- the profile has a rigid symmetrical Shape up.
- a symmetrical profile shape points in both Fin flow directions same flow behavior on.
- the rigid profile shape is regarding buoyancy and flow resistance can be optimized, being a compromise found between buoyancy and flow behavior must become.
- the side struts are torsionally elastic with the profile connected, with the axis of rotation before the center of gravity of the profile.
- This configuration will A positive angle of attack is always automatically applied when the fin hits of the profile to the resulting flow causes. Because the center of gravity of the profile lies behind the axis of rotation, the profile inclines its leading edge down during the downward stroke while it tilts upwards during the upward stroke. The size the resulting angle of attack results from the spring constant of the torsionally flexible connection.
- the profile is formed by a membrane, which can be folded between two extreme positions, in which they have a predetermined, in particular asymmetrical profile shape occupies.
- the membrane profile change shape so that it is possible is, depending on the direction of impact, the lift side of the profile on one side or the other.
- the symmetrical To use an asymmetrical profile shape which has a higher buoyancy.
- the profile membrane is arranged in a frame, which rotatably mounted between the two side struts is.
- This configuration has the advantage that the profile can be optimized with regard to buoyancy and flow resistance is, the profile is self-adjusting with respect to the angle of attack and can be designed to stabilize.
- the swim fin with a shoe for equipped the swimmer's foot is advantageously further developed in that the shoe approximately at the level of the ankle with the side struts the swim fin has a rotating connection. Thereby shoe and cuff with fin blade form a coherent Part.
- the shoe has a low flow resistance Shape up.
- This configuration has the advantage that the Current conditions around the swimmer's foot or Divers are improved. This is especially why important because the profile of the flipper in the Undercurrent of the foot is located. The less turbulent this current is, the longer it can Flow on the profile should be kept low.
- the Invention is another profile in the swimming direction Subordinate profile, which is a low flow resistance Has shape.
- This configuration is advantageous the vortex formation in the wake of the first Profile decreases, reducing the energy balance of the whole System is improved.
- this further profile after the first profile via two lateral struts torsionally elastic with the first Connected profile.
- This configuration ensures that the further profile in both directions of fins always in the upstream of the first Profile.
- the orientation of this further profile to the first profile or to the flow can in turn a torsionally flexible connection between struts and another profile in connection with a corresponding one Arrangement of the axis of rotation can be determined.
- the swim fin is designed as a monofin.
- This configuration has in addition to the extended Applicability of the swim fin according to the invention Advantage that the span of the profile can be increased can.
- the profile of the Monofin symmetrical to the longitudinal axis through the center of the body of the diver or swimmer. It it is not necessary to provide a shoe for both feet, so that by simply releasing the struts from the cuffs normal walking ashore is possible.
- the swim fin 1 shown in FIG. 1 is located downward stroke (arrow I), while in Fig. 1 below same flipper 1 in upward stroke (arrow II) is shown.
- the flipper 1 has one around Lower leg 2 of a swimmer placed cuff 3, which ends above the ankle 4 of the ankle.
- the cuff 3 is guided over the ankle 4 Web 5 connected to a strut 6, which others Ends a torsionally flexible connection to a profile 7 has.
- the axis of rotation 8 of this torsionally flexible connection is in the direction of travel in front of the Heavy lift axis 9.
- the strut 6 is perpendicular to one extended to the surface 10 arranged surface, which the vortex formation on the side profile ends decreased.
- the foot 11 of the swimmer or diver is in a shoe 12, which is also a has low flow resistance shape.
- a possible 3 is shown in the embodiment of the shoe 12.
- the shoe 12 has a rotary connection 13 to the strut 6. This makes the shoe 12 on the one hand connected to the fin 1 and on the other hand rotatable relative to the strut 6, so that foot and shoe between that in the upper half of FIG. 1 shown and in the lower half of FIG. 1st shown position are pivotable.
- Fig. 2 on the right is the flipper at the downward stroke (Arrow I) and shown on the left at the upward stroke (arrow II).
- the swimmer or diver guides similar to ordinary swim fins an opposite Upward and downward movement of both legs from his foot 11 with the shoe 12 each at the turning point moved between the two side struts 6, so that the profile 7 in both directions located in each case in the underflow of the shoe 12.
- the one caused by the stroke movement Inflow onto the profile 7 leads to a folding the torsionally elastic between the two side struts 6 arranged profile 7 against the elastic spring force in the reversal point in the sense that the profile 7 always a positive angle of attack against that from locomotion of the swimmer or diver and stroke movement resulting flow has.
- connection of the strut 6 with the shoe 12 via the Pivot connection 13 can advantageously be designed to be detachable be so that the profile 7 with the two struts 6 is removable from the flipper. This is an unhindered walking with the invention Float on land possible.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Footwear And Its Accessory, Manufacturing Method And Apparatuses (AREA)
- Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)
Description
- Fig. 1
- eine Seitenansicht je einer erfindungsgemäßen Schwimmflosse beim Aufwärts- bzw. beim Abwärtsschlag,
- Fig. 2
- je eine perspektivische Frontansicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Schwimmflosse beim Aufwärts- bzw. beim Abwärtsschlag und
- Fig. 3
- eine perspektivische Rückansicht eines Teils einer erfindungsgemäßen Schwimmflosse.
- 1
- Schwimmflosse
- 2
- Unterschenkel
- 3
- Manschette
- 4
- Knöchel
- 5
- Steg
- 6
- Strebe
- 7
- Profil
- 8
- Drehachse
- 9
- Auftriebsschwerachse
- 10
- Fläche
- 11
- Fuß
- 12
- Schuh
- 13
- Drehverbindung
- 14
- Profil
- 15
- Strebe
- I
- Richtungspfeil Abwärtsschlag
- II
- Richtungspfeil Aufwärtsschlag
Claims (13)
- Schwimmflosse für Schwimmer (Taucher), mit einem frei angeströmten, in Schwimmrichtung dem Fuß (11) des Tauchers oder Schwimmers nachgeordneten Profil (7), an dessen Längsteilen seitlich Streben (6) angeordnet sind, als Flossenblatt, welches sowohl beim aufwärts (II) als auch beim abwärts (I) gerichteten Flossenschlag stets zu der aus Fortbewegung und Flossenschlag resultierenden Anströmrichtung des Wassers einen positiven Anstellwinkel aufweist bzw. sich stets in der Unterströmung des Fußes (11) des Schwimmers befindet, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Streben (6) mit einer über den Unterschenkel (2) des Schwimmers ziehbaren Manschette (3) verbunden sind und mit der Längsachse des Unterschenkels (2) - bzw. der Manschette (3), an der sie befestigt sind - einen festen Winkel einschließen, der zwischen dem maximalen und dem minimalen von Fußrist und Schienbein einschließbaren Winkel liegt.
- Schwimmflosse nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die seitlich am Profil (7) angeordneten Streben (6) im Bereich des Profils (7) zu einer zur Profilfläche senkrechten Fläche (10) erweitert sind.
- Schwimmflosse nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Profil (7) im Grundriß zu der durch das Knie des Schwimmers oder Tauchers verlaufenden Beinlängsachse eine starre symmetrische Form aufweist.
- Schwimmflosse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die seitlichen Streben (6) drehelastisch mit dem Profil (7) verbunden sind, wobei die Drehachse (8) vor der Auftriebsschwerachse (9) des Profils (7) liegt.
- Schwimmflosse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Profil durch eine Membran gebildet ist, die zwischen zwei Extremlagen umklappbar ist, in welchen sie eine vorbestimmte, insbesondere asymmetrische Profilform einnimmt.
- Schwimmflosse nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Membran in einem Rahmen angeordnet ist, welcher drehbar zwischen den beiden seitlichen Streben (6) gelagert ist.
- Schwimmflosse nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schwimmflosse (1) mit einem Schuh (12) für den Fuß (11) des Schwimmers versehen ist.
- Schwimmflosse nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schuh (12) etwa âuf Höhe des Knöchels (4) mit den seitlichen Streben (6) eine Drehverbindung (13) aufweist.
- Schwimmflosse nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Schuh (12) eine strömungswiderstandsarme Form aufweist.
- Schwimmflosse nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß dem Profil (7) in Schwimmrichtung ein weiteres Profil (14) nachgeordnet ist, welches eine strömungswiderstandsarme Form aufweist.
- Schwimmflosse nach Anspruch 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das weitere Profil (14) in der Oberströmung des ersten Profils (7) angeordnet ist.
- Schwimmflosse nach Anspruch 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das dem ersten Profil (7) nachgeordnete weitere Profil (14) über zwei seitliche Streben (15) drehelastisch mit dem ersten Profil (7) verbunden ist.
- Schwimmflosse nach einem der Ansprüche 1 oder 3 bis 12, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Schwimmflosse als Monoflosse ausgebildet ist mit zwei Manschetten, an denen die beiden seitlichen Streben (6) angeordnet sind.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/DE1991/000683 WO1993004740A1 (de) | 1991-08-29 | 1991-08-29 | Schwimmflosse |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0670744A1 EP0670744A1 (de) | 1995-09-13 |
EP0670744B1 true EP0670744B1 (de) | 1998-04-15 |
Family
ID=1226456
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP91915696A Expired - Lifetime EP0670744B1 (de) | 1991-08-29 | 1991-08-29 | Schwimmflosse |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5460557A (de) |
EP (1) | EP0670744B1 (de) |
DE (2) | DE4017461C2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1993004740A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE4017461C2 (de) * | 1990-05-30 | 2002-04-25 | Johnson Worldwide Associates I | Schwimmflosse |
FR2712193A1 (fr) * | 1993-11-10 | 1995-05-19 | Buffa Pierre | Palme de natation à aileron transverssal d'extrémité. |
US6884135B2 (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2005-04-26 | Chia-Te Hu | Diving fins |
DE202010000295U1 (de) | 2010-03-02 | 2010-07-15 | Fleck, Norbert | Schwimmvorrichtung |
Family Cites Families (13)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1373065A (fr) * | 1963-07-22 | 1964-09-25 | Propulseur de natation | |
US3239857A (en) * | 1964-04-06 | 1966-03-15 | Frederick H Gwynne | Swim fin |
US3665535A (en) * | 1970-08-13 | 1972-05-30 | James B Picken | Swim fin |
US4178128A (en) * | 1977-05-10 | 1979-12-11 | Innerspace Corporation | Method of and device for propulsion |
US4209866A (en) * | 1978-10-02 | 1980-07-01 | Arthur D. Little, Inc. | Swim fin |
US4342558A (en) * | 1979-02-02 | 1982-08-03 | Wayne Wilson | Hydrofoil swim fin assemblies |
FR2493157B1 (fr) * | 1980-10-31 | 1987-04-24 | Godeau Jean Jacques | Palme de natation a voilure superposee au chausson |
FR2520624A1 (fr) * | 1982-01-29 | 1983-08-05 | Mariani Antoine | Palmes de performances |
DE3438808A1 (de) * | 1984-10-23 | 1986-04-24 | Carl-Joachim 8011 Riemerling Grieser | Schwimmflosse fuer taucher oder schwimmer |
US4767368A (en) * | 1985-11-15 | 1988-08-30 | Ciccotelli Stephen S | Swim fin with hinged, spring-biased blade displaced from toe of foot pocket |
US4944703A (en) * | 1988-04-11 | 1990-07-31 | Mosier Arthur R | Swim fin having multiple articulating transverse hydrofoil blades |
US4869696A (en) * | 1988-12-15 | 1989-09-26 | Ciccotelli Stephen S | Swim fin |
DE4017461C2 (de) * | 1990-05-30 | 2002-04-25 | Johnson Worldwide Associates I | Schwimmflosse |
-
1990
- 1990-05-30 DE DE4017461A patent/DE4017461C2/de not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1991
- 1991-08-29 WO PCT/DE1991/000683 patent/WO1993004740A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1991-08-29 EP EP91915696A patent/EP0670744B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-08-29 US US08/199,192 patent/US5460557A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-08-29 DE DE59108968T patent/DE59108968D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
US5460557A (en) | 1995-10-24 |
DE4017461C2 (de) | 2002-04-25 |
DE59108968D1 (de) | 1998-05-20 |
DE4017461A1 (de) | 1991-12-05 |
EP0670744A1 (de) | 1995-09-13 |
WO1993004740A1 (de) | 1993-03-18 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE3445836C1 (de) | Segelfahrzeug | |
DE102008053495B4 (de) | Muskelkraftbetriebenes Tauchgerät | |
EP3759017A1 (de) | Schwimmbrett aus einem schwimmfähigen material und wassersportgerät umfassend ein motorwasserfahrzeug und ein solches schwimmbrett | |
EP0670744B1 (de) | Schwimmflosse | |
AT509946B1 (de) | Wasserfahrzeug | |
DE3438808A1 (de) | Schwimmflosse fuer taucher oder schwimmer | |
DE2009381A1 (de) | Schwimmechuh | |
DE19932386C2 (de) | Schwimmkragen | |
DE4338610C2 (de) | Schwimmflosse (Mehrblatt-Gegenschlagflosse) | |
DE3121402A1 (de) | Segelfahrzeug, insbesondere segelbrett | |
DE2658584C3 (de) | Schwimmschuh mit einer schwenkbar daran befestigten Klappe | |
DE4212920C2 (de) | Flossenantrieb mit Muskelkraft für Wasserfahrzeuge | |
DE3336300A1 (de) | Schwimm-manschetten | |
DE2842160A1 (de) | Biegsames ruder | |
DE3217250C2 (de) | ||
DE8435599U1 (de) | Trainingsgerät für Windsurfen | |
DE913866C (de) | Schiffsruder | |
WO2023111969A1 (de) | Flügel mit einer zumindest teilweise aufblasbaren tragstruktur für sportarten mit windkraftangetriebener fortbewegung | |
EP0346323B1 (de) | Steuervorrichtung für hängegleiter | |
DE3804892C1 (en) | Paraglider | |
DE622591C (de) | Schwimmflossenpaar zum Erhoehen des Vortriebes durch die Arme eines Schwimmenden | |
DE202004014217U1 (de) | Aufblasbares Schwimm-Gerät | |
DE687047C (de) | Wasserlaufgeraet | |
DE19857430A1 (de) | Vorrichtung für den Wassersport | |
DE1191709B (de) | Schlauchboot |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 19940614 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): DE IT |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 19960424 |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAG | Despatch of communication of intention to grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS AGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAH | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOS IGRA |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): DE IT |
|
ITF | It: translation for a ep patent filed |
Owner name: DE DOMINICIS & MAYER S.R.L. |
|
REF | Corresponds to: |
Ref document number: 59108968 Country of ref document: DE Date of ref document: 19980520 |
|
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: DE Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF THE APPLICANT RENOUNCES Effective date: 19980610 |
|
PLBE | No opposition filed within time limit |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009261 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: NO OPPOSITION FILED WITHIN TIME LIMIT |
|
26N | No opposition filed | ||
PG25 | Lapsed in a contracting state [announced via postgrant information from national office to epo] |
Ref country code: IT Free format text: LAPSE BECAUSE OF NON-PAYMENT OF DUE FEES Effective date: 20050829 |