EP0667891A1 - Ethers dialkyles utilises dans des agents de traitement de surfaces de metaux - Google Patents

Ethers dialkyles utilises dans des agents de traitement de surfaces de metaux

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Publication number
EP0667891A1
EP0667891A1 EP93923564A EP93923564A EP0667891A1 EP 0667891 A1 EP0667891 A1 EP 0667891A1 EP 93923564 A EP93923564 A EP 93923564A EP 93923564 A EP93923564 A EP 93923564A EP 0667891 A1 EP0667891 A1 EP 0667891A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
weight
emulsifiers
surface treatment
contain
composition according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Ceased
Application number
EP93923564A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Jürgen Geke
Carsten Friese
Richard Cornely
Helmut Endres
Bernd Fabry
Matthias Fies
Hans-Peter ÖLSCHER
Bernd Stedry
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Original Assignee
Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE4237501A external-priority patent/DE4237501A1/de
Priority claimed from DE4240945A external-priority patent/DE4240945A1/de
Priority claimed from DE4300552A external-priority patent/DE4300552A1/de
Application filed by Henkel AG and Co KGaA filed Critical Henkel AG and Co KGaA
Publication of EP0667891A1 publication Critical patent/EP0667891A1/fr
Ceased legal-status Critical Current

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/24—Metal working without essential removal of material, e.g. forming, gorging, drawing, pressing, stamping, rolling or extruding; Punching metal
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/241—Manufacturing joint-less pipes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/242—Hot working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/243—Cold working
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/245—Soft metals, e.g. aluminum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/246—Iron or steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2040/00—Specified use or application for which the lubricating composition is intended
    • C10N2040/20—Metal working
    • C10N2040/244—Metal working of specific metals
    • C10N2040/247—Stainless steel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/01—Emulsions, colloids, or micelles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the use of dialkyl ethers as an oil phase in metal surface treatment agents, for example in cooling lubricants for cutting or non-cutting shaping metal processing, and in cleaning and corrosion protection emulsions, and metal surface treatment agents which contain at least dialkyl ethers, corrosion inhibitors and emulsifiers.
  • shaping metalworking is understood to mean chipless forming processes such as rolling, cold extrusion, deep drawing and wire and tube drawing, as well as cutting processes such as cutting, drilling, turning, milling, grinding, honing or lapping .
  • Means for shaping metalworking can, however, also be used as an essentially water-free oil phase.
  • the oil phase of these agents is based on mineral oil. The mineral oil qualities used are predominant. Combinations of paraffinic, naphthenic and aromatic hydrocarbon compounds.
  • synthetic oils such as polyolefins, polyalkylene glycols and polyglycol ethers, natural ester oils and synthetic esters and their derivatives.
  • the metal surface treatment agents mentioned contain special active ingredient additives for setting the desired performance properties.
  • the metal surface treatment agents also include cleaning and corrosion protection emulsions.
  • non-polluting oils are not completely harmless even when released into the environment.
  • a reduction in the environmental problem - triggered by the liquid oil phases of the type concerned here - therefore appears to be urgently required also in the field of metal surface treatment agents.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of To create chen treatment agents with previously unknown ecological compatibility, which at the same time have good usage properties in a wide variety of fields and ensure satisfactory use, in particular also in problem areas.
  • the invention also intends to ecologically improve the further problem area of the active substance additives in metal surface treatment agents by at least predominantly and preferably consistently selecting such additives and auxiliary agents from the large range of additives and auxiliary agents known per se in the prior art , which are characterized by ecological harmlessness or at least ecological advantages.
  • the invention thus relates in a first embodiment to the use of at least largely water-insoluble dialkyl ethers of mono- and / or polyfunctional alcohols of natural or synthetic origin which are liquid at working temperature as an oil phase in metal surface treatment agents.
  • the use of the ethers as the oil phase but also, if appropriate, their use as a quantitative or subordinate portion of the oil phase, demands that these ethers be sufficiently insoluble in water.
  • the water solubility of the ethers should be in the range of less than 1% by weight and preferably less than about 0.5% by weight.
  • compositions comprising a) at least largely water-insoluble dialkyl ethers of one and / or polyfunctional alcohols of natural and / or synthetic origin as an oil phase, b) corrosion inhibitors, c) emulsifiers
  • dialkyl ethers The advantages of the use of the dialkyl ethers according to the invention over formulations of the prior art based on mineral oil are, in particular, the biodegradability of the dialkyl ethers. In addition, there is no accumulation of hydrocarbons in the waste water from pro- cycles and in the environment. The disposal of used metal surface treatment agents is greatly simplified. In addition, there results an at least comparable but predominantly improved material compatibility compared to metal surface treatment agents based on mineral oils. Dialkyl ethers have been found to be an excellent oil base for metalworking agents. The invention also includes the surprising finding that the dialkyl ethers particularly effectively reduce the friction between the tool and the workpiece and ensure rapid heat dissipation.
  • Dialkyl ethers are used as oil bodies for the purposes of the invention. These are known substances which can be obtained according to the relevant procedures in preparative organic chemistry. Processes for their preparation, for example by condensation of fatty alcohols in the presence of p-toluenesulfonic acid, are known, for example, from Bull.Soc.Chim.France, 333 (1949), DE-Al 4039950 (Hoechst) and DE-Al 41 03 489 (Henkel) known. With regard to the prior art, reference is also made to EP-A1 0170076 (BASF), in which the use of dialkyl ethers as a carrier for heat liquids is proposed. Lubricants which contain dialkyl ethers are known from US Pat. No. 4,844,534 (Esso). According to the teaching of DE-Al 41 16406 (Henkel), dialkyl ethers can also be used as components of low-foaming cleaning agents.
  • ethers of monofunctional and / or polyfunctional alcohols are also suitable here, which are derived from difunctional alcohols.
  • the alcohols themselves are said to be ecologically compatible and, accordingly, do not have any aromatic constituents in preferred embodiments.
  • Straight-chain and / or branched-chain, aliphatic or also corresponding unsaturated, in particular mono- and / or poly-olefinically unsaturated alcohols are the preferred ether-forming starting compounds.
  • cycloaliphatic alcohols can also be considered as starting compounds.
  • the metal surface treatment agents produced according to the invention for example cooling lubricants, generally have to be well tolerated by the skin because the machine operators often come into direct contact with the liquids.
  • An important general requirement within the meaning of the present invention is therefore that both the underlying alcohols and the ethers themselves are not only ecologically compatible, but also that there are no other toxicological, in particular no inhalation-toxicological, hazards for the operator and user trigger.
  • ethers of alcohols with a straight-chain and / or branched-chain hydrocarbon structure are particularly suitable.
  • corresponding monofunctional alcohols corresponding compounds with at least 6 C atoms are suitable compounds, it being particularly useful to use corresponding alcohols with at least 8 C atoms in the molecule.
  • the upper limit of the chain length is determined by the technical accessibility of the alcohols and is therefore, for example, in the range up to approximately 36, preferably approximately 20 to 24, particularly preferably 18 C atoms.
  • the ether-forming alcohols themselves can be straight-chain or branched-chain independently of one another, they can be aliphatically saturated or also mono- and / or polyolefinically unsaturated.
  • ethers from alcohols of natural and / or synthetic origin are suitable.
  • synthetic alcohols in the range of about Cg-i ⁇ , which is of particular interest here and which can also contain unsaturated portions, are often inexpensive components of the market and can be used as starting materials for ethers in the sense of the invention.
  • the flash points of the ethers should preferably be at least 80 ° C., in particular at least 100 ° C. and more preferably at least 120 ° C. Accordingly, in addition to the ethers mentioned, based on monofunctional alcohols with in particular at least 8 carbon atoms, ethers of selected polyols are also suitable. Polyols suitable for ether formation are, in particular, lower diols, such as ethylene glycol and / or dipropylene glycols, but also, if appropriate, branched-chain diols with a higher oleophilic hydrocarbon radical in the molecule.
  • oleophilic diols with hydroxyl groups in the ⁇ , position and / or longer-chain diols which have their hydroxyl groups on adjacent carbon atoms.
  • Typical examples of the compounds of this type are the 2,2-dimethyl-1,3-propanediol (neopentyl glycol) or the saponification products of epoxidized olefins.
  • non-symmetrical dialkyl ethers which can be prepared from mixtures of alcohols of different chain lengths can also be used in the sense of the present invention.
  • the dialkyl ethers which are particularly preferred for the purposes of the invention are di-n-octyl ether, di-2-ethylhexyl ether, di-stearyl ether and di-isostearyl ether.
  • the amount of the dialkyl ethers to be used in the metal surface treatment agents depends in particular on the particular application. It is generally to be assumed here that the same amounts of dialkyl ether are to be used as of mineral oils in comparable products.
  • the metal surface treatment agents in the sense of the present invention can be present on the one hand in the form of oil-based concentrates and on the other hand in the form of oil-in-water emulsions (0 / W emulsions). In the former case, the metal surface treatment agents consist of the oil phase - the dialkyl ethers - which generally only contain active ingredient additives that correspond to the respective application.
  • the agents according to the invention can contain the dialkyl ethers in amounts of 1 to 95% by weight, based on the agents.
  • dialkyl ethers form the disperse oil phase of a water-based O / W emulsion, which then also contains the corresponding active ingredient additives.
  • the dialkyl ethers are present in the metal surface treatment agent concentrates in amounts of 20 to 95% by weight, in particular 30 to 70% by weight, these additionally containing active ingredient additives and optionally water ⁇ hold.
  • the preferred aqueous products are concentrates with a water content of 5 to 25% by weight, which can optionally be diluted on site by the user to an application concentration.
  • the agents according to the invention can be used, for example, as rolling, deep-drawing or cutting oils and as grinding, honing or lapping oils.
  • For machining operations for example, 1 to 10, preferably 2 to 6% by weight emulsions are produced from the concentrates.
  • dialkyl ethers in the context of the invention with further suitable oil components which are known per se from the prior art.
  • suitable oil components which are known per se from the prior art.
  • aromatic-free aliphatic and / or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon fractions Reference is made to the relevant state of the art in print and the commercial products on the market.
  • paraffin oils and also mineral oils for example, can thus be present as a mixture component in addition to the dialkyl ethers in the oil phase.
  • particularly important mixture components in the sense of the present invention are oleophilic alcohols and / or ester oils which are subject to environmental contracts. Such alcohols or ester oils should be flowable at ambient temperature, but also under conditions of use. Accordingly, preference is given to using alcohols and ester oils whose solidification values (pour point and pour point) are below 10 ° C. and expediently below 0 ° C.
  • these mixture components should also have flash points in the area of the dialkyl ethers mentioned above.
  • Particularly important in the sense of the present invention is the biologically and ecologically compatible constitution of the alcohols and ester oils to be used, which should therefore be free of undesirably toxic constituents.
  • Corresponding alcohols and / or ester oils are known for example from WO-A-90/14400. If it is desired to use such mixture components in addition to the dialkyl ethers to be used according to the invention in the oil phase for technical or other reasons, such mixture components can replace the dialkyl ethers up to 50% by weight, based on the oil phase.
  • Metal surface treatment agents in the sense of the present invention also include so-called phase inversion emulsions (PIT emulsions). These are produced by first determining the phase inversion temperature by heating a sample of the emulsion prepared in the customary manner using a conductivity measuring device and determining the temperature at which the conductivity decreases sharply. Now that the phase inversion temperature range for a particular composition of an emulsion is known, an emulsion which contains all essential components is first heated to a temperature which is within or above the phase inversion temperature range. A further possibility for production is to choose a temperature which is within or above the phase inversion temperature range already during the production of a certain emulsion. The mixture is then emulsified by vigorous stirring.
  • phase inversion emulsions PIT emulsions
  • the emulsion is cooled or allowed to cool to the desired temperature.
  • milky, cloudy, coarse-grained contain persistent emulsions or optically almost transparent micro emulsions.
  • the preparation of corresponding stable O / W rust protection emulsions is described, for example, in DE-A-3933137.
  • metal surface treatment agents based on mineral oils are known in the prior art.
  • these are selected in particular from cleaning and corrosion protection emulsions and cooling lubricants.
  • cleaning and corrosion protection emulsions and cooling lubricants can be used for cleaning and corrosion protection (passivation) and for cooling and lubricating when machining, grinding, honing or milling metal surfaces, but also other hard surfaces, such as painted surfaces, plastic, using the aqueous application emulsions or glass surfaces.
  • the metal surface treatment agents usually have to contain various active ingredient additives in addition to the dialkyl ethers.
  • active ingredient additives for the purposes of the present invention are, depending on the intended use, corrosion inhibitors, emulsifiers, biocides, EP additives, lubricant additives, anti-fog additives, anti-aging agents, solubilizers, defoamers and pH regulators.
  • Usual corrosion inhibitors e.g. B. alkanolamines and their salts, sulfonates, organic boron compounds, especially boric acid esters, fatty acid amides, aminodicarboxylic acids, phosphoric acid esters, thiophosphonic acid esters, dialkyldithiophosphates, mono- and dialkylarylsulfonates, benzotriazoles, polyisobutene succinic acid derivatives are intended to prevent rusting of metal surfaces.
  • B. alkanolamines and their salts, sulfonates, organic boron compounds, especially boric acid esters, fatty acid amides, aminodicarboxylic acids, phosphoric acid esters, thiophosphonic acid esters, dialkyldithiophosphates, mono- and dialkylarylsulfonates, benzotriazoles, polyisobutene succinic acid derivatives are intended to prevent rusting of metal surfaces.
  • carboxylic acids of the formula (I). •: • • - ⁇ .- - ..
  • Typical examples are the fatty acids caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, isononanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, pal itic acid, palmoleic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, petroselinic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, elaeostearic acid, arachic acid, gadole Arachidonic acid, behenic acid, erucic acid and clupanodonic acid as well as their technical mixtures, such as those that occur during the pressure splitting of natural fats and oils.
  • Carboxylic acids of the formula (I) are preferably used in which R is alkyl radicals having 5 to 17 carbon atoms.
  • substituted carboxylic acids are contained in the group of alkylbenzoylacrylic acids.
  • the use of 3- (p-dodecylbenzoyl) acrylic acid is particularly preferred.
  • the free acids mentioned can also be used as alkali, alkaline earth, ammonium, alkylam onium and / or zinc salts.
  • Anionic surfactants of the petroleum sulfonate type can be considered as a further group of corrosion inhibitors. These are sulfoxidation products of paraffin fractions with an average of 6 to 30, in particular 10 to 20, carbon atoms.
  • the petroleum sulfonates can also be regarded as secondary alkane sulfonates, with alkali or alkaline earth metals, ammonium or alkylammonium being suitable as counterions.
  • the petroleum sulfonates are preferably used in the form of their sodium or calcium salts.
  • a further group of corrosion inhibitors are sulfonation products of unsaturated fatty acid glyceride esters of the formula (II), so-called “sulfotiglycerides” or “sulfoils”, CH 2 0-C0R 3
  • R ⁇ CO represents an unsaturated acyl radical with 16 to 24 carbon atoms and 1 to 5 double bonds and R ⁇ CO and R ⁇ CO independently of one another represent acyl radicals with 6 to 24 carbon atoms and 0 or 1 to 5 double bonds.
  • Sulfotriglycerides are known substances which can be obtained, for example, by adding sulfur trioxide or chlorosulfonic acid to unsaturated tri-glycerides, in particular rapeseed oil or sunflower oil.
  • unsaturated tri-glycerides in particular rapeseed oil or sunflower oil.
  • rapeseed oil in particular rapeseed oil or sunflower oil.
  • sulfonated rapeseed oil is preferably used in the form of the sodium, calcium, ammonium or alkylammonium salt.
  • Dimer fatty acids can also be considered as corrosion inhibitors.
  • the agents according to the invention can contain the corrosion inhibitors in amounts of 1 to 80, preferably 2 to 50% by weight, based on the agents.
  • nitrite was frequently used as a corrosion protection agent, but today it is frowned upon because of its toxicity and environmental damage, especially because of the risk of carcinogenic nitrosamines being formed.
  • Some corrosion inhibitors have emulsifying properties at the same time and are therefore also used as emulsifiers.
  • Emulsifiers e.g. B. nonionic surfactants, petroleum sulfonates, alkali soaps, alkanolamine soaps stabilize the fine distribution of oil droplets in the aqueous working fluid, which is an oil-in-water emulsion.
  • the emulsifiers represent an important group of additives for the water-miscible cooling lubricants.
  • the metal surface treatment agents preferably contain per se in the prior art Emulsifiers known in the art, in particular those selected from a) anionic emulsifiers, in particular soaps, sulfonates and phosphoric acid esters and their salts, and b) nonionic emulsifiers, in particular fatty alcohol ethoxylates, fatty alcohol propoxylates and sugar esters.
  • Emulsifiers known in the art, in particular those selected from a) anionic emulsifiers, in particular soaps, sulfonates and phosphoric acid esters and their salts, and b) nonionic emulsifiers, in particular fatty alcohol ethoxylates, fatty alcohol propoxylates and sugar esters.
  • the amounts of emulsifiers used can be transferred here from the field of mineral oil-based metal surface treatment agents.
  • Addition products of ethylene and / or propylene oxide onto compounds with acidic hydrogen atoms or fatty acid esters are suitable as nonionic emulsifiers. These include, for example, alkoxylation products of fatty alcohols, alkylphenols, fatty acids, fatty amines, fatty acid methyl esters and sorbitan esters, which can be obtained by the known processes of the prior art.
  • Typical examples are addition products of an average of 1 to 20, preferably 2 to 10, moles of ethylene oxide and 0 or 1 to 5 moles of propylene oxide onto fatty alcohols with 6 to 22 carbon atoms, alkylphenols with 4 to 12 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical, and fatty acids, fatty amines and fatty acid esters with each 6 to 22 carbon atoms in the fat residue.
  • Addition products of 2 to 10 moles of ethylene oxide with lauryl or Ci2 / 14 coconut oil alcohol (conventional or restricted homolog distribution), with octylphenol, lauric or Ci2 / 14 ⁇ coconut fatty acid, laurylamine, coconut fatty acid methyl ester and / or sorbitan monolaurate are particularly preferred.
  • nonionic emulsifiers can be found in the group of the sugar esters and / or alkyl polyglucosides.
  • anionic surfactants such as soaps, sulfonates and alkyl phosphates are also suitable.
  • Typical examples of this group of compounds are alkali soaps of fatty acids, naphthen soaps, alkylarylsulfonates, alkanesulfonates, alkylbenzenesulfonates, alkyl sulfates and alkyl ether sulfates.
  • the agents according to the invention can contain the emulsifiers in amounts of 1 to 80, preferably 2 to 50% by weight. - based on funds - included.
  • Fatty alcohols of the formula (III) are suitable as co-emulsifiers which are optional constituents of the agents according to the invention and are not suitable on their own for producing an emulsion.
  • R6 represents alkyl and / or alkenyl radicals having 6 to 22 carbon atoms.
  • Typical examples are capronic alcohol, caprylic alcohol, capric alcohol, lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, cetyl alcohol, pal oleyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, oleyl alcohol, elaidyl alcohol, petroselinyl alcohol, arachyl alcohol, gadoleyl alcohol and technical grade alcohol, beucyl alcohol, beucyl alcohol, beucyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, for example, behenyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol, behenyl alcohol the high pressure hydrogenation of natural fatty acid methyl ester fractions or aldehydes from Roelen's oxosynthesis are obtained.
  • the co-emulsifiers are preferably selected on the basis of the C chain length of the emulsifiers.
  • co-emulsifiers are also branched primary alcohols, so-called Guerbet alcohols, which are obtainable by base-catalyzed condensation of fatty alcohols and can have 12 to 16 carbon atoms.
  • the oil content after dilution of the concentrates is generally of the order of magnitude of less than 10, preferably 1 to 3% by weight.
  • the oil droplets in the emulsion are as large as possible (approx. 2 to 5 micrometers) and have a narrow-band size distribution.
  • rolling oil emulsions can also be metastable, ie they may separate over time, provided the components are easily re-emulsified and the original oil drop size is restored. All of these properties and requirements can be included in the optional influencing reversible emulsifiers, so that the selection of these active components is of particular importance.
  • Biocides e.g. B. phenol derivatives, formaldehyde derivatives, Kathon MW, are intended to prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi.
  • Lubricants are intended to prevent micro-welding between metal surfaces at high pressures and temperatures.
  • fatty acids known as corrosion inhibitors
  • fatty acid esters (“fatty oils”), synthetic esters or metal soaps can be used as lubricating additives in addition to the fatty acids known as corrosion inhibitors.
  • EP additives it is more advantageous to use so-called "EP additives”.
  • agents according to the invention can contain the lubricants in amounts of 1 to 80, preferably 2 to 50% by weight, based on the agents.
  • Anti-aging substances e.g. B. organic sulfides, zinc dithiophosphates, aromatic amines, ensure a long service life of the metal surface treatment agent.
  • Anti-fog additives prevent fogging of the metal surface treatment agents when they are used, for example atactic polypropylene, polyisobutene, poly-n-butene, polymethacrylate and in particular clear water-soluble polymer compounds (MW> 10 ⁇ ) based on polyalkylene oxides, polyacrylamides, polymethacrylamides and copolymers of acrylamide and / or Methacrylamide and unsaturated carboxylic acids with 3 to 5 carbon atoms (DE-A-42 17859).
  • the substances usually used in such products can be used as defoamers, for example nonionic surfactants, in particular end group-capped fatty alcohol polyethylene glycol ethers.
  • the constancy of pH of the metal surface treatment agents is of major importance with regard to the emulsion stability and the corrosion protection. Usually it is not necessary to adjust the pH value of the metal surface treatment agents specifically. Preferred- However, in order to ensure adequate protection against corrosion, the pH is adjusted in the range from neutral to alkaline. Particularly preferred in the sense of the present invention is the adjustment of the pH in the range from 7 to 11, in particular pH 8 to 9.5.
  • the pH can be set, for example, by alkali metal hydroxide.
  • the use of magnesium or calcium hydroxide is less preferred since poorly soluble salts could possibly be formed. Accordingly, the use of potassium and / or sodium hydroxide is particularly preferred for the purposes of the present invention.
  • Alkanolamines and alkanolamine derivatives can also be used as corrosion inhibitors.
  • their good buffer capacity guarantees that the aqueous application emulsions have a constant pH.
  • reaction products of alkanolamines with boric acid inhibit growth on bacteria and mold and therefore improve the service life of cooling lubricants.
  • a serious disadvantage of the alkanolamines and alkanolamine derivatives is that they are used in practice with nitrosating substances, e.g. B. bacterially formed nitrite or nitrogen oxides in the air, can react and be converted into nitrosamines.
  • nitrosodiethanolamine can be formed in water-mixed cooling lubricants that contain ethanolamines.
  • nitrosamines can trigger cancer in various organs (e.g. stomach, lungs, bladder, liver, esophagus). Therefore some nitrosamines, e.g. B. also NDELA, classified in the German Hazardous Substances Ordinance as carcinogenic. To avoid health hazards for the operators of metalworking machines, the formation of nitrosamines must therefore be avoided.
  • the metal surface treatment agents do not contain alkanolamines, i.e. are free of amines.
  • alkanolamines and alkanolamine derivatives as active ingredient additives are entirely within the scope of the present invention.
  • solubilizers or "stabilizers” are occasionally required. Typical examples of these are C 1 -C 4 alcohols, glycols or glycol ethers.
  • the inventive The solubilizers can contain large compositions in amounts of 1 to 50, preferably 2 to 25% by weight, based on the composition.
  • the metal surface treatment agents obtainable according to the present invention can be used both in the form of the concentrates and in the form diluted with water. However, they are usually used in the form of water-diluted O / W emulsions. Both the concentrates and the emulsions diluted with water ensure very good corrosion protection for metal surfaces made of iron and steel.
  • the concentration of the metal surface treatment agents is preferably in the range from 1 to 10% by weight, in particular in the range from 2 to 6% by weight (use concentration).
  • the oil content of the ready-to-use emulsions is then preferably in a range between 1 and 3% by weight.
  • composition of the agents is to be adapted to the respective intended use, for example as a cooling lubricant for metal cutting, as a rolling emulsion for cold rolling metal strips or as cleaning and / or corrosion protection emulsions.
  • Such agents preferably contain. Such agents preferably contain
  • dialkyl ether 2-50% by weight emulsifiers 2-50% by weight corrosion inhibitors 0-50% by weight lubricants 0-25% by weight solubilizers.
  • Means are suitable for the preparation of corrosion protection emulsions
  • EO ethylene oxide units
  • Propylene glycol, tall oil fatty acid and water were placed in the reactor and stirred.
  • the solid potassium hydroxide cookies were then sprinkled in (exothermic reaction) and stirred for about 30 min.
  • the temperature of the solution was kept between 50 and 70 ° C.
  • the remaining components dioctyl ether, fatty alcohol ethoxylates, petroleum sulfonate and caprylic acid
  • the mixture was stirred for about 1 h until a clear brown solution was present.
  • Example 2 Analogously to Example 1, a corresponding corrosion protection emulsion based on mineral oil was prepared using 54.6% by weight mineral oil (Shell Gravex R 915) instead of the dioctyl ether. In game 2
  • Propylene glycol and tall oil fatty acid were placed in the reactor and stirred.
  • the remaining components dioctyl ether, fatty alcohol ethoxylates, petroleum sulfonate, caprylic acid and monoethanolamine / triethanolamine
  • the mixture was stirred at 40 to 50 ° C for 1 h until a clear brown solution was present.
  • Example 2 Analogously to Example 2, a corresponding corrosion protection emulsion containing mineral oil was prepared using 51.8% by weight of mineral oil (Shell Gravex R 915) instead of the dioctyl ether.
  • Table 1 shows the pH of the respective emulsions and the degree of corrosion on a graduated scale in the range from 0 to 6.
  • the surface pressure of dialkyl ethers and mineral oils was investigated using the friction wear balance according to Reichert (Summer and Runge, Berlin).
  • the specific surface pressure (expressed in bar or% -rel to the standard) at which the lubricating effect breaks down was measured.
  • a high value of the specific surface pressure means a good lubricating effect of the liquids.
  • Water-miscible cooling lubricant concentrates (for the composition see Table 2) were produced. For this, 1/3 of the intended amount of oil was placed in a kettle together with tall oil fatty acid and a solubilizer and stirred. If specified, salicylic acid was then metered in. Aqueous potassium hydroxide solution was then added to the mixture with constant stirring at such a rate that the temperature was between 50 and 70 ° C. The mixture was then stirred for a further 60 min until a clear solution was obtained. The remaining amount of the oil body and the remaining constituents of the formulation were then added and stirring was continued for a further 60 min.
  • the performance of the cooling lubricant concentrates was tested on the basis of their corrosion-inhibiting effect in accordance with DIN 51 360, part 2, by wetting castings on filter paper with the emulsions. After 2 hours, the rust formation was assessed according to the comparison scale in accordance with DIN 51 360, part 2. Corrosion grade 0 means no corrosion. Table 4 shows the minimum concentration of cooling lubricant concentrates that is required to achieve degree of corrosion 0.
  • a rolling or cutting oil of the following composition was produced by stirring the components:
  • Di-n-octyl ether (Example 10) or a naphthenic mineral oil (Pionier ( R ) 4556, Hansen and Rosenthal, HaBurg / FRG, cf. 6) was used as the base oil.
  • the lubrication effect was checked in accordance with ASTM D 2625-83, method B, using the Falex Pin and Vee Block method. The load and the moment or break of the pin are then determined.
  • the standardized FP&VB test machine was used, initially setting a load of 2224 N, reading the moment and reading again after 5 minutes. From the next load level (see Table 5), the load was changed and the moment was recorded immediately and after 1 minute.
  • PSNa Pultronate CR
  • Emulsifier lauryl alcohol-IOEO
  • dialkyl ether 80 to 87% by weight dialkyl ether; 8 to 15% by weight corrosion inhibitor; 4% by weight emulsifier 1% by weight co-emulsifier and were used either anhydrous (100% by weight) or in the form of a 20% by weight aqueous dispersion.
  • Test cycle length 8 h at 40 ° C (door closed)
  • test panels were first degreased with acetone and then immersed in the test formulations. After a draining time of 24 hours, the sheets were weathered in a climatic chamber for 1 to 25 test cycles. After each test cycle, the degree of corrosion (KG) was assessed optically according to the following scheme:
  • c ( ⁇ ) concentration of the oil body on average
  • V7 was carried out without anti-corrosion agents; for V8, di-n-octyl ether was exchanged for Pioneer white oil in the recipe from Example 11.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Lubricants (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne l'utilisation d'éthers dialkyles d'alcools naturels et/ou synthétiques mono et/ou polyhydriques, lesdits éthers étant sensiblement insolubles dans l'eau et liquides à la température de travail, comme phase huileuse dans des agents de traitement de surfaces de métaux et dans des lubrifiants réfrigérants. L'invention concerne également des agents qui contiennent au moins ce type d'éthers dialkyles, des inhibiteurs de corrosion et des émulsifiants. Les éthers dialkyles sont utilisés comme substituts de l'huile minérale.
EP93923564A 1992-11-06 1993-10-28 Ethers dialkyles utilises dans des agents de traitement de surfaces de metaux Ceased EP0667891A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (7)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4237501A DE4237501A1 (de) 1992-11-06 1992-11-06 Dialkylether in Metalloberflächen-Behandlungsmitteln
DE4237501 1992-11-06
DE4240945 1992-12-07
DE4240945A DE4240945A1 (de) 1992-12-07 1992-12-07 Korrosionsschutzmittel
DE4300552 1993-01-12
DE4300552A DE4300552A1 (de) 1993-01-12 1993-01-12 Mittel für die formgebende Metallbearbeitung
PCT/EP1993/002990 WO1994011469A1 (fr) 1992-11-06 1993-10-28 Ethers dialkyles utilises dans des agents de traitement de surfaces de metaux

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0667891A1 true EP0667891A1 (fr) 1995-08-23

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93923564A Ceased EP0667891A1 (fr) 1992-11-06 1993-10-28 Ethers dialkyles utilises dans des agents de traitement de surfaces de metaux

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP0667891A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1994011469A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6102752A (en) * 1998-06-29 2000-08-15 The Whitaker Corporation Two-part electrical socket contact

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
PL3310884T3 (pl) * 2015-06-18 2020-04-30 Castrol Limited Związki eterowe i powiązane kompozycje
WO2017164124A1 (fr) * 2016-03-24 2017-09-28 出光興産株式会社 Procédé de production d'huile à base d'éther présentant une structure ramifiée en position 2, procédé de production d'une composition d'huile de réfrigérateur et procédé de production d'une composition d'huile lubrifiante

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1297556A (fr) * 1961-08-16 1962-06-29 Huels Chemische Werke Ag Lubrifiants exempts d'huile minérale et utilisés pour le façonnage des matières synthétiques
BE790655A (fr) * 1971-11-15 1973-02-15 Tru Chemie G M B H Chem Fab Lubrifiant de refroidissement emulsionnable dans l'eau
DE2201540B2 (de) * 1972-01-13 1980-02-07 Mobil Oil Corp., New York, N.Y. (V.St.A.) Verwendung von Glykoläthern als Ziehöl
JPS57117596A (en) * 1981-01-12 1982-07-22 Kao Corp Composition of plastic working agent for metal
DE3916550A1 (de) * 1989-05-20 1990-11-22 Henkel Kgaa Verwendung ausgewaehlter oleophiler ether in wasser-basierten bohrspuelungen vom o/w-emulsionstyp sowie entsprechende bohrspuelfluessigkeiten mit verbesserter oekologischer vertraeglichkeit
DE3933137A1 (de) * 1989-10-04 1991-04-18 Henkel Kgaa Verfahren zur herstellung stabiler, niedrig-viskoser o/w-rostschutzemulsionen
EP0532128A1 (fr) * 1991-08-16 1993-03-17 Exxon Chemical Patents Inc. Fluide porteur

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Title
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DE-A- 3 933 137 *
EP-A- 0 532 128 *
FR-A- 1 297 556 *
FR-A- 2 160 405 *
See also references of WO9411469A1 *
WO-A-90/14400 *

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US6102752A (en) * 1998-06-29 2000-08-15 The Whitaker Corporation Two-part electrical socket contact

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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