EP0667444A1 - Liquid separator - Google Patents

Liquid separator Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0667444A1
EP0667444A1 EP94116860A EP94116860A EP0667444A1 EP 0667444 A1 EP0667444 A1 EP 0667444A1 EP 94116860 A EP94116860 A EP 94116860A EP 94116860 A EP94116860 A EP 94116860A EP 0667444 A1 EP0667444 A1 EP 0667444A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
actuator
inlet opening
liquid separator
section
wall
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Granted
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EP94116860A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0667444B1 (en
Inventor
Karl-Heinz Dr. Spies
Wolfgang Krause
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Carl Freudenberg KG
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Carl Freudenberg KG
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Publication of EP0667444A1 publication Critical patent/EP0667444A1/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/02—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure
    • F01M13/021—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of negative pressure
    • F01M13/022—Crankcase ventilating or breathing by means of additional source of positive or negative pressure of negative pressure using engine inlet suction
    • F01M13/023—Control valves in suction conduit
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B1/00—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression
    • F02B1/02—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition
    • F02B1/04—Engines characterised by fuel-air mixture compression with positive ignition with fuel-air mixture admission into cylinder

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a liquid separator for separating liquids from gases, comprising an inlet opening for the gas loaded with the liquid, a first outlet opening for the liquid and a second outlet opening for the gas freed from the liquid, an adjusting device for changing the Flow cross section is arranged.
  • Such a liquid separator is known from DE 31 28 470 C2.
  • the liquid separator is provided as a cyclone oil separator for the crankcase ventilation of internal combustion engines and has an inlet opening, the wall of which is formed and adjustable by a spring in the sense of a reduction in the flow cross section.
  • the adjusting device which forms part of the wall, consists of a resilient material, for example of spring steel, with a uniformly good deposition to be achieved largely independently of the load state of the connected internal combustion engine.
  • the spring characteristic of the resilient wall section should be matched to the volume flow fed in such that the required vortex speed and thus centrifugal force for good liquid separation is always achieved.
  • the invention has for its object to further develop a liquid separator of the known type such that v improved operating properties of the adjusting device result and malfunctions of the adjusting device are reliably avoided.
  • the inlet opening has a tubular flow cross-section and is delimited along its entire extent by a dimensionally stable wall and that the adjusting device comprises a pressure cell with a pneumatically operable actuator which is arranged relatively movably within the inlet opening.
  • the inlet opening always has a flow cross-section that is precisely adapted to the respective load condition of the connected machine, since the pneumatically operable actuator of the adjusting device is protected from external influences by the dimensionally stable wall and, depending on the particular circumstances of the application, is precisely regulated within the inlet opening is movable. Due to the non-automatically adjustable actuator, undesirable changes in the flow cross-section can be reliably excluded.
  • the movement characteristic of the adjusting device can be adapted, for example, to the speed and / or the load state of a connected internal combustion engine by means of the pneumatically actuated actuator.
  • the functional arrangement of the actuator within the inlet opening reliably prevents malfunctions of the adjusting device.
  • the pressure cell can comprise a housing which encloses two chambers which are separated from one another in a gas-tight manner by means of a bellows-shaped membrane made of elastomeric material, the membrane being connected to the actuator and supported on a helical spring, both chambers being able to be acted upon by differing pressures for actuating the actuator , wherein the pressure cell is arranged on the outside on the wall of the inlet opening and wherein the actuator penetrates the wall in a gastight manner.
  • the inlet opening and the adjusting device can be designed as a unit that can be assembled in front and can be flanged together on the actual separator.
  • the helical spring is arranged and effective within the housing in such a way that the actuator releases the relatively largest flow cross-section through the inlet opening in the event of a fault in the pneumatic actuating device.
  • coil springs have the advantage that they are available inexpensively in many sizes and show no signs of settlement even during a long period of use. The control characteristic of the adjusting device is therefore always of the same quality.
  • the actuator can have a substantially flat and plate-like shape.
  • the sealing of the actuator, which is relatively movable within the inlet opening, is considerably simplified by the flat inner walls, since the relative assignment of the circumferential boundary of the actuator relative to the adjacent inner wall of the inlet opening does not change, regardless of the size of the pressurization and the position of the actuator.
  • the actuator and / or the inner wall of the inlet opening can be provided with at least one sealing element, the one of a surface of the actuator and the adjacent interior wall-limited, non-penetrable cross-section is separated by the sealing element essentially gas-tight from the flow cross-section.
  • the sealing elements can, for example, be arranged in such a way that an essentially rectangular actuator is arranged within the rectangular flow cross-section and has sealing strips transversely to the direction of flow of the liquid-laden gas, which sealingly engage the adjacent inner walls of the inlet opening.
  • the end faces of the actuator can be provided with elastically flexible, roll-membrane-like inflow and outflow surfaces. Deviating from this, there is the possibility of designing the outflow surfaces to be elastically stretchable according to the travel path.
  • the actuator can be provided transversely to the direction of flow with sealing strips which sealingly engage the inner wall, the actuator being provided in the flow direction with elastically flexible inflow and outflow surfaces which are tightly connected to the inner wall in accordance with the actuating path of the actuator.
  • the sealing strips can, for example, be molded directly onto the circumferential boundary of the actuator by vulcanization or attached to it by secondary aids.
  • the inlet opening can open into a cyclone, the cyclone having a first outlet opening that has a step-wise reduced cross-section, and the axes of the inlet opening and cyclone are essentially perpendicular to one another. If the gas loaded with liquid is led through the inlet opening into the cyclone and swirled along the inner circumferential boundary, an excellent degree of separation results and the separation involves little pressure loss.
  • the pressure cell can have an overpressure connection which is connected to the chamber on the side facing away from the helical spring.
  • an overpressure connection which is connected to the chamber on the side facing away from the helical spring.
  • the pressure cell can be provided with a vacuum connection which is connected to the chamber on the side facing the spring.
  • a vacuum connection which is connected to the chamber on the side facing the spring.
  • the first and the second outlet opening which can form part of a cyclone, concentrically enclose a common axis.
  • the second outlet opening advantageously projects at least up to the height of the inlet opening into the cyclone, which can be made, for example, of a polymeric material that is resistant to the flow medium.
  • the liquid separator each show an embodiment of a liquid separator which is used as an oil separator in the crankcase ventilation of internal combustion engines and separates liquids from gases.
  • the liquid separator each comprise an inlet opening which has a rectangular flow cross section 5 in each of the two cases.
  • the liquid separators also each include a cyclone 20 with a first outlet opening 2 for the separated liquid and a second outlet opening 3 for the gas freed from the liquid.
  • an adjusting device 4 is arranged within the inlet opening 1, which comprises a pressure cell 7 and a pneumatically operated cash actuator 8, which is arranged to move the flow cross-section relatively movable within the inlet opening 1.
  • the liquid separator is used in a turbo diesel internal combustion engine.
  • the pressure cell 7 is provided with an overpressure connection 23, so that the boost pressure provided by the turbocharger is effective against the spring force.
  • the chamber 12, in which the helical spring 14 is arranged, is subjected to atmospheric pressure through a ventilation opening within the housing 9.
  • the internal combustion engine is running at idling speed, so that the actuator 8 releases the smallest flow cross section 5 through the inlet opening.
  • the actuator 8 penetrates the inlet opening 1 in a gas-tight manner.
  • the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 2 differs from the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 1 by a modified pressure cell 7.
  • the pressure cell 7 is provided with a vacuum connection 24 which is connected to the chamber 11 on the side facing the coil spring 14.
  • the vacuum connection 24 is connected to the intake manifold of an Otto internal combustion engine operated at full load.
  • the chamber 12, which is adjacent to the membrane 10, is subjected to atmospheric pressure. In the full-load condition shown here, the flow cross-section 5 through the inlet opening 1 is greatest.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)
  • Cyclones (AREA)

Abstract

Flüssigkeitsabscheider zum Abscheiden von Flüssigkeiten aus Gasen, umfassend eine Eintrittsöffnung (1) für das mit der Flüssigkeit belastete Gas, eine erste Austrittsöffnung (2) für die Flüssigkeit und eine zweite Austrittsöffnung (3) für das von der Flüssigkeit befreite Gas, wobei in der Eintrittsöffnung (1) eine Verstellvorrichtung (4) zur Veränderung des Durchflußquerschnitts (5) angeordnet ist. Die Einlaßöffnung (1) weist einen rohrförmigen Druchflußquerschnitt (5) auf und ist entlang ihrer gesamten Erstreckung von einer formstabilen Wandung (6) begrenzt. Die Verstellvorrichtung (4) umfaßt eine Druckdose (7) mit einem pneumatisch betätigbaren Stellglied (8), das relativ beweglich innerhalb der Eintrittsöffnung (1) angeordnet ist. <IMAGE>Liquid separator for separating liquids from gases, comprising an inlet opening (1) for the gas loaded with the liquid, a first outlet opening (2) for the liquid and a second outlet opening (3) for the gas freed from the liquid, wherein in the inlet opening (1) an adjusting device (4) for changing the flow cross-section (5) is arranged. The inlet opening (1) has a tubular flow cross section (5) and is delimited along its entire extent by a dimensionally stable wall (6). The adjusting device (4) comprises a pressure cell (7) with a pneumatically operable actuator (8) which is arranged relatively movably within the inlet opening (1). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Flüssigkeitsabscheider zum Abscheiden von Flüssigkeiten aus Gasen, umfassend eine Eintrittsöffnung für das mit der Flüssigkeit belastete Gas, eine erste Austrittsöffnung für die Flüssigkeit und eine zweite Austrittsöffnung für das von der Flüssigkeit befreite Gas, wobei in der Eintrittsöffnung eine Verstellvorrichtung zur Veränderung des Durchflußquerschnitts angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a liquid separator for separating liquids from gases, comprising an inlet opening for the gas loaded with the liquid, a first outlet opening for the liquid and a second outlet opening for the gas freed from the liquid, an adjusting device for changing the Flow cross section is arranged.

Ein solcher Flüssigkeitsabscheider ist aus der DE 31 28 470 C2 bekannt. Der Flüssigkeitsabscheider ist als Zyklonölabscheider für die Kurbelgehäuseentlüftung von Brennkraftmaschinen vorgesehen und weist eine Eintrittsöffnung auf, deren Wandung im Sinne einer Verkleinerung des Durchflußquerschnitts durch eine Feder gebildet und verstellbar ist. Die Verstellvorrichtung, die einen Teil der Wandung bildet, besteht aus einem federnden Material, beispielsweise aus einem Federstahl, wobei eine gleichmäßig gute Abscheidung weitgehend unabhängig vom Lastzustand der angeschlossenen Verbrennungskraftmaschine erreicht werden soll. Die Federcharakteristik des federnden Wandabschnitt soll dabei auf den eingespeisten Volumenstrom derart abgestimmt werden, daß stets die erforderliche Wirbelgeschwindigkeit und damit Zentrifugalkraft für eine gute Flüssigkeitsabscheidung erreicht wird. Die Gebrauchseigenschaften des vorbekannten Flüssigkeitsabscheiders sind allerdings wenig befriedigend, da die durch die Strömung bewirkten, möglichen Verstellkräfte sehr gering sind. Daraus resultierend ist es erforderlich, daß das federnde Material der Verstellvorrichtung entsprechend weich und labil ausgelegt ist. Eine stabile Positionierung der Verstellvorrichtung kann dadurch nicht erreicht werden.Such a liquid separator is known from DE 31 28 470 C2. The liquid separator is provided as a cyclone oil separator for the crankcase ventilation of internal combustion engines and has an inlet opening, the wall of which is formed and adjustable by a spring in the sense of a reduction in the flow cross section. The adjusting device, which forms part of the wall, consists of a resilient material, for example of spring steel, with a uniformly good deposition to be achieved largely independently of the load state of the connected internal combustion engine. The spring characteristic of the resilient wall section should be matched to the volume flow fed in such that the required vortex speed and thus centrifugal force for good liquid separation is always achieved. However, the performance characteristics of the previously known liquid separator are unsatisfactory, since the possible adjustment forces caused by the flow are very low. As a result, it is necessary that the resilient material of the adjusting device is designed to be correspondingly soft and unstable. A stable positioning of the adjustment device cannot be achieved.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Flüssigkeitsabscheider der vorbekannten Art derart weiterzuentwickeln, daß sich v erbesserte Gebrauchseigenschaften der Verstelleinrichtung ergeben und Funktionsstörungen der Verstelleinrichtung sicher vermieden werden.The invention has for its object to further develop a liquid separator of the known type such that v improved operating properties of the adjusting device result and malfunctions of the adjusting device are reliably avoided.

Außerdem sollen gute Abscheidegrade bei geringen Druckverlusten ermöglicht werden.In addition, good degrees of separation with low pressure losses should be made possible.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die Merkmale von Anspruch 1 gelöst. Auf vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen nehmen die Unteransprüche Bezug.This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. The subclaims refer to advantageous refinements.

Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es vorgesehen, daß die Eintrittsöffnung einen rohrförmigen Durchflußquerschnitt aufweist und entlang ihrer gesamten Erstreckung von einer formstabilen Wandung begrenzt ist und daß die Verstellvorrichtung eine Druckdose mit einem pneumatisch betätigbaren Stellglied umfaßt, das relativ beweglich innerhalb der Eintrittsöffnung angeordnet ist. Hierbei ist von Vorteil, daß die Eintrittsöffnung stets einen an den jeweiligen Lastzustand der angeschlossenen Maschine genau angepaßten Durchflußquerschnitt aufweist, da das pneumatisch betätigbare Stellglied der Verstellvorrichtung durch die formstabile Wandung vor äußeren Einflüssen geschützt ist und in Abhängigkeit von den jeweiligen Gegebenheiten des Anwendungsfalles exakt geregelt innerhalb der Eintrittsöffnung bewegbar ist. Durch das nicht-selbsttätig verstellbare Stellglied können unerwünschte Veränderungen des Durchflußquerschnitts, zuverlässig ausgeschlossen werden. Durch das pneumatisch betätigbare Stellglied kann die Bewegungscharakteristik der Verstellvorrichtung beispielsweise an die Drehzahl und/oder den Lastzustand einer angeschlossenen Verbrennungskraftmaschine angepaßt werden. Durch die zweckmäßige Anordnung des Stellglieds innerhalb der Eintrittsöffnung sind Funktionsstörungen der Verstellvorrichtung zuverlässig ausgeschlossen.In the context of the present invention, it is provided that the inlet opening has a tubular flow cross-section and is delimited along its entire extent by a dimensionally stable wall and that the adjusting device comprises a pressure cell with a pneumatically operable actuator which is arranged relatively movably within the inlet opening. The advantage here is that the inlet opening always has a flow cross-section that is precisely adapted to the respective load condition of the connected machine, since the pneumatically operable actuator of the adjusting device is protected from external influences by the dimensionally stable wall and, depending on the particular circumstances of the application, is precisely regulated within the inlet opening is movable. Due to the non-automatically adjustable actuator, undesirable changes in the flow cross-section can be reliably excluded. The movement characteristic of the adjusting device can be adapted, for example, to the speed and / or the load state of a connected internal combustion engine by means of the pneumatically actuated actuator. The functional arrangement of the actuator within the inlet opening reliably prevents malfunctions of the adjusting device.

Die Druckdose kann ein Gehäuse umfassen, das zwei durch eine rollbalgartig ausgebildete Membran aus elastomerem Werkstoff voneinander gasdicht getrennte Kammern umschließt, wobei die Membran mit dem Stellglied verbunden und auf einer Schraubenfeder abgestützt ist, wobei beide Kammern zur Betätigung des Stellglieds mit voneinander abweichenden Drücken beaufschlagbar sind, wobei die Druckdose außenseitig an der Wandung der Eintrittsöffnung angeordnet ist und wobei das Stellglied die Wandung gasdicht durchdringt. Die Eintrittsöffnung und die Verstellvorrichtung können als vor montierbare Einheit ausgebildet und gemeinsam an den eigentlichen Abscheider anflanschbar sein. Die Schraubenfeder ist derart innerhalb des Gehäuses angeordnet und wirksam, daß das Stellglied im Falle einer Störung in der pneumatischen Betätigungseinrichtung den relativ größten Durchflußquerschnitt durch die Eintrittsöffnung freigibt. Schraubenfedern haben im Vergleich zu anderen Federelementen den Vorteil, daß sie in vielen Größen preisgünstig verfügbar sind und auch während einer langen Gebrauchsdauer keine Setzungserscheinungen aufweisen. Die Ansteuercharakteristik der Verstellvorrichtung ist daher stets von übereinstimmender Güte.The pressure cell can comprise a housing which encloses two chambers which are separated from one another in a gas-tight manner by means of a bellows-shaped membrane made of elastomeric material, the membrane being connected to the actuator and supported on a helical spring, both chambers being able to be acted upon by differing pressures for actuating the actuator , wherein the pressure cell is arranged on the outside on the wall of the inlet opening and wherein the actuator penetrates the wall in a gastight manner. The inlet opening and the adjusting device can be designed as a unit that can be assembled in front and can be flanged together on the actual separator. The helical spring is arranged and effective within the housing in such a way that the actuator releases the relatively largest flow cross-section through the inlet opening in the event of a fault in the pneumatic actuating device. Compared to other spring elements, coil springs have the advantage that they are available inexpensively in many sizes and show no signs of settlement even during a long period of use. The control characteristic of the adjusting device is therefore always of the same quality.

Das Stellglied kann eine im wesentlichen ebene und plattenförmige Gestalt aufweisen. Die Abdichtung des innerhalb der Eintrittsöffnung relativ beweglichen Stellglieds ist durch die ebenen Innenwände wesentlich vereinfacht, da sich die relative Zuordnung der umfangsseitigen Begrenzung des Stellglieds bezogen auf die benachbart angrenzende Innenwandung der Eintrittsöffnung unabhängig von der Größe der Druckbeaufschlagung und der Position des Stellglieds nicht verändert.The actuator can have a substantially flat and plate-like shape. The sealing of the actuator, which is relatively movable within the inlet opening, is considerably simplified by the flat inner walls, since the relative assignment of the circumferential boundary of the actuator relative to the adjacent inner wall of the inlet opening does not change, regardless of the size of the pressurization and the position of the actuator.

Das Stellglied und/oder die Innenwandung der Eintrittsöffnung können mit zumindest einem Dichtelement versehen sein, wobei der von einer Oberfläche des Stellglieds und der benachbarten Innenwandung begrenzte, nicht-durchstörmbare Teilquerschnitt durch das Dichtelement im wesentlichen gasdicht vom durchströmbaren Durchflußquerschnitt getrennt ist. Die Dichtelemente können beispielsweise derart angeordnet sein, daß innerhalb des rechteckig ausgebildeten Durchflußquerschnitts ein im wesentlichen rechteckig ausgebildetes Stellglied angeordnet ist, das quer zur Strömungsrichtung des mit Flüssigkeit belasteten Gases Dichtleisten aufweist, die mit den benachbarten Innenwandungen der Eintrittsöffnung dichtend in Eingriff sind. In Strömungsrichtung können die Stirnseiten des Stellglieds mit elastisch nachgiebigen, rollmembranartigen An- und Abströmflächen versehen sein. Davon abweichend besteht die Möglichkeit, die Abströmflächen entsprechend des Stellwegs elastisch dehnbar auszulegen.The actuator and / or the inner wall of the inlet opening can be provided with at least one sealing element, the one of a surface of the actuator and the adjacent interior wall-limited, non-penetrable cross-section is separated by the sealing element essentially gas-tight from the flow cross-section. The sealing elements can, for example, be arranged in such a way that an essentially rectangular actuator is arranged within the rectangular flow cross-section and has sealing strips transversely to the direction of flow of the liquid-laden gas, which sealingly engage the adjacent inner walls of the inlet opening. In the flow direction, the end faces of the actuator can be provided with elastically flexible, roll-membrane-like inflow and outflow surfaces. Deviating from this, there is the possibility of designing the outflow surfaces to be elastically stretchable according to the travel path.

Das Stellglied kann quer zur Strömungsrichtung mit Dichtleisten versehen sein, die dichtend mit der Innenwandung in Eingriff sind, wobei das Stellglied in Strömungsrichtung mit entsprechend dem Stellweg des Stellglieds elastisch nachgiebigen An- und Abströmflächen versehen ist, die mit der Innenwandung dicht verbunden sind. Die Dichtleisten können beispielsweise durch Vulkanisieren unmittelbar an die umfangsseitige Begrenzung des Stellglieds angeformt oder durch sekundäre Hilfsmittel an diesem befestigt sein.The actuator can be provided transversely to the direction of flow with sealing strips which sealingly engage the inner wall, the actuator being provided in the flow direction with elastically flexible inflow and outflow surfaces which are tightly connected to the inner wall in accordance with the actuating path of the actuator. The sealing strips can, for example, be molded directly onto the circumferential boundary of the actuator by vulcanization or attached to it by secondary aids.

Die Eintrittsöffnung kann in einen Zyklon münden, wobei der Zyklon eine im Querschnitt stufenförmig verringerte erste Austrittsöffnung aufweist und wobei die Achsen von Eintrittsöffnung und Zyklon im wesentlichen senkrecht aufeinander stehen. Wird das mit Flüssigkeit belastete Gas durch die Eintrittsöffnung in den Zyklon geführt und entlang der innenumfangsseitigen Begrenzung verwirbelt, ergibt sich ein ausgezeichneter Abscheidegrad und die Abscheidung ist mit wenig Druckverlusten behaftet.The inlet opening can open into a cyclone, the cyclone having a first outlet opening that has a step-wise reduced cross-section, and the axes of the inlet opening and cyclone are essentially perpendicular to one another. If the gas loaded with liquid is led through the inlet opening into the cyclone and swirled along the inner circumferential boundary, an excellent degree of separation results and the separation involves little pressure loss.

Zur Betätigung des Stellglieds kann die Druckdose eine Überdruckanschluß aufweisen, der mit der Kammer auf der der Schraubenfeder abgewandten Seite verbunden ist. Eine derartige Ausgestaltung bietet sich beispielsweise dann an, wenn der Flüssigkeitsabscheider als Ölabscheider in der Kurbelgehäuseentlüftung einer Turbo-Diesel-Verbrennungskraftmaschine zur Anwendung gelangt. Die Verstellung des Durchflußquerschnitts mittels des Stellglieds erfolgt in diesem Falle weitgehend abhängig vom Ladedruck des Laders. Bei Vollast, wenn ein vergleichsweiser hoher Ladedruck zur Verfügung steht, wird das Stellglied entgegen der Federkraft der Schraubendruckfeder derart innerhalb der Eintrittsöffnung bewegt, daß der Durchflußquerschnitt am größten ist. Läuft die Verbrennungskraftmaschine demgegenüber im Leerlauf-oder Teillastbereich steht ein vergleichsweise geringerer Ladedruck zur Betätigung der Verstellvorrichtung zur Verfügung, so daß der Durchflußquerschnitt durch die Eintrittsöffnung vergleichsweise geringer ist.To actuate the actuator, the pressure cell can have an overpressure connection which is connected to the chamber on the side facing away from the helical spring. Such an embodiment is useful, for example, when the liquid separator is used as an oil separator in the crankcase ventilation of a turbo-diesel internal combustion engine. In this case, the adjustment of the flow cross section by means of the actuator is largely dependent on the boost pressure of the charger. At full load, when a comparatively high boost pressure is available, the actuator is moved against the spring force of the helical compression spring within the inlet opening in such a way that the flow cross section is greatest. In contrast, if the internal combustion engine is running in the idling or part-load range, a comparatively lower boost pressure is available for actuating the adjusting device, so that the flow cross-section through the inlet opening is comparatively smaller.

Nach einer anderen Ausgestaltung kann die Druckdose mit einem Unterdruckanschluß versehen sein, der mit der Kammer auf der der Feder zugewandten Seite verbunden ist. Eine derartige Ausführung ist für Otto-Verbrennungskraftmaschinen von Vorteil, da innerhalb des Saugrohrs der Verbrennungskraftmaschine lastabhängig ein unterschiedlich hoher Unterdruck zur Verfügung steht. Bei Vollast, wenn die Drosselklappen nahezu vollständig geöffnet sind, liegt innerhalb des Saugrohrs der geringste Unterdruck an, so daß die Schraubendruckfeder die das Stellglied in Offenstellung der Eintrittsöffnung überführt. Im Leerlauf-oder Teillastbereich, wenn demgegenüber ein vergleichsweise höherer Unterdruck im Saugrohr anliegt, wird das Stellglied durch die Unterdruckbeaufschlagung entgegen der Federkraft innerhalb der Eintrittsöffnung bewegt, so daß der Druchflußquerschnitt relativ verkleinert ist.According to another embodiment, the pressure cell can be provided with a vacuum connection which is connected to the chamber on the side facing the spring. Such an embodiment is advantageous for Otto internal combustion engines, since a differently high vacuum is available within the intake manifold of the internal combustion engine depending on the load. At full load, when the throttle valves are almost completely open, the slightest negative pressure is present within the intake manifold, so that the helical compression spring brings the actuator into the open position of the inlet opening. In the no-load or part-load range, when there is a comparatively higher vacuum in the intake manifold, the actuator is moved against the spring force within the inlet opening by the application of vacuum, so that the flow cross-section is relatively reduced.

Die erste und die zweite Austrittsöffnung, die einen Bestandteil eines Zyklons bilden können, umschließen gemäß einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung eine gemeinsame Achse konzentrisch. Die zweite Austrittsöffnung ragt vorteilhafterweise zumindest bis in Höhe der Eintrittsöffnung in den Zyklon, der beispielsweise aus einem gegen das Strömungsmedium resistenten polymeren Werkstoff bestehen kann.According to an advantageous embodiment, the first and the second outlet opening, which can form part of a cyclone, concentrically enclose a common axis. The second outlet opening advantageously projects at least up to the height of the inlet opening into the cyclone, which can be made, for example, of a polymeric material that is resistant to the flow medium.

Der Flüssigkeitsabscheider wird nachfolgend anhand von zwei Ausführungsbeispielen weiter erläutert. Es zeigen:

  • Fig. 1 einen Flüssigkeitsabscheider, der als ÖIabscheider in der Kurbelgehäuseentlüftung einer Turbo-Diesel-Verbrennungskraftmaschine zur Anwendung gelangt. Die Maschine läuft in diesem Beispiel im Leerlauf.
  • Fig. 2 ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel des Flüssigkeitsabscheiders für eine Otto-Verbrennungskraftmaschine ohne Aufladung bei Vollast.
The liquid separator is explained further below using two exemplary embodiments. Show it:
  • Fig. 1 shows a liquid separator which is used as an oil separator in the crankcase ventilation of a turbo-diesel internal combustion engine. In this example, the machine is idling.
  • Fig. 2 shows a second embodiment of the liquid separator for a gasoline internal combustion engine without charging at full load.

In den Fig. 1 und 2 ist jeweils ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Flüssigkeitsabscheiders gezeigt, der als Ölabscheider in der Kurbelgehäuseentlüftung von Verbrennungskraftmaschinen zur Anwendung gelangt und Flüssigkeiten aus Gasen abscheidet. Der Flüssigkeitsabscheider umfassen jeweils eine Eintrittsöffnung, die in jedem der beiden Fälle einen rechteckigen Durchflußquerschnitt 5 aufweist. Die Flüssigkeitsabscheider umfassen außerdem jeweils einen Zyklon 20 mit einer ersten Austrittsöffnung 2 für die abgeschiedene Flüssigkeit und einer zweiten Austrittsöffnung 3 für das von der Flüssigkeit befreite Gas. Zur Veränderung des Durchflußquerschnitts 5 ist innerhalb der Eintrittsöffnung 1 eine Verstellvorrichtung 4 angeordnet, die eine Druckdose 7 umfaßt und ein pneumatisch betätigbares Stellglied 8, das zur Verstellung des Durchflußquerschnitts relativ beweglich innerhalb der Eintrittsöffnung 1 angeordnet ist.1 and 2 each show an embodiment of a liquid separator which is used as an oil separator in the crankcase ventilation of internal combustion engines and separates liquids from gases. The liquid separator each comprise an inlet opening which has a rectangular flow cross section 5 in each of the two cases. The liquid separators also each include a cyclone 20 with a first outlet opening 2 for the separated liquid and a second outlet opening 3 for the gas freed from the liquid. To change the flow cross section 5, an adjusting device 4 is arranged within the inlet opening 1, which comprises a pressure cell 7 and a pneumatically operated cash actuator 8, which is arranged to move the flow cross-section relatively movable within the inlet opening 1.

In Fig. 1 gelangt der Flüssigkeitsabscheider in einer Turbo-Diesel-Verbrennungskraftmaschine zur Anwendung. Die Druckdose 7 ist mit einem Überdruckanschluß 23 versehen, so daß der vom Turbolader bereitgestellte Ladedruck entgegen der Federkraft wirksam ist. Die Kammer 12, in der die Schraubenfeder 14 angeordnet ist, ist durch eine Belüftungsöffnung innerhalb des Gehäuses 9.mit Atmosphärendruck beaufschlagt. Im hier dargestellten Betriebszustand läuft die Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit Leerlaufdrehzahl, so daß das Stellglied 8 den geringsten Durchflußquerschnitt 5 durch die Eintrittsöffnung freigibt. Das Stellglied 8 durchdringt die Eintrittsöffnung 1 gasdicht.In Fig. 1, the liquid separator is used in a turbo diesel internal combustion engine. The pressure cell 7 is provided with an overpressure connection 23, so that the boost pressure provided by the turbocharger is effective against the spring force. The chamber 12, in which the helical spring 14 is arranged, is subjected to atmospheric pressure through a ventilation opening within the housing 9. In the operating state shown here, the internal combustion engine is running at idling speed, so that the actuator 8 releases the smallest flow cross section 5 through the inlet opening. The actuator 8 penetrates the inlet opening 1 in a gas-tight manner.

Das Ausführungsbeispiel aus Fig. 2 unterscheidet sich von dem Ausführungsbeispiel aus Fig. 1 durch eine geänderte Druckdose 7. Die Druckdose 7 ist mit einem Unterdruckanschluß 24 versehen, der mit der Kammer 11 auf der der Schraubenfeder 14 zugewandten Seite verbunden ist. Der Unterdruckanschluß 24 ist mit dem Saugrohr einer im Vollastzustand betriebenen Otto-Verbrennungskraftmaschine verbunden. Die andererseits an die Membran 10 angrenzende Kammer 12 ist mit Atmosphärendruck beaufschlagt. Im hier dargestellten Vollastzustand ist der Durchflußquerschnitt 5 durch die Eintrittsöffnung 1 am größten.The exemplary embodiment from FIG. 2 differs from the exemplary embodiment from FIG. 1 by a modified pressure cell 7. The pressure cell 7 is provided with a vacuum connection 24 which is connected to the chamber 11 on the side facing the coil spring 14. The vacuum connection 24 is connected to the intake manifold of an Otto internal combustion engine operated at full load. The chamber 12, which is adjacent to the membrane 10, is subjected to atmospheric pressure. In the full-load condition shown here, the flow cross-section 5 through the inlet opening 1 is greatest.

Claims (9)

1. Flüssigkeitsabscheider zum Abscheiden von Flüssigkeiten aus Gasen, umfassend eine Eintrittsöffnung für das mit der Flüssigkeit belastete Gas, eine erste Austrittsöffnung für die Flüssigkeit und eine zweite Austrittsöffnung für das von der Flüssigkeit befreite Gas, wobei in der Eintrittsöffnung eine Verstellvorrichtung zur Veränderung des Durchflußquerschnitts angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einlaßöffnung (1) einen rohrförmigen Durchflußquerschnitt aufweist und entlang ihrer gesamten Erstreckung von einer formstabilen Wandung (6) begrenzt ist und daß die Verstellvorrichtung (4) eine Druckdose (7) mit einem pneumatisch betätigbaren Stellglied (8) umfaßt, das relativ beweglich innerhalb der Eintrittsöffnung (1) angeordnet ist.1. Liquid separator for separating liquids from gases, comprising an inlet opening for the gas loaded with the liquid, a first outlet opening for the liquid and a second outlet opening for the gas freed from the liquid, wherein an adjusting device for changing the flow cross section is arranged in the inlet opening characterized in that the inlet opening (1) has a tubular flow cross-section and is delimited along its entire extent by a dimensionally stable wall (6) and in that the adjusting device (4) comprises a pressure cell (7) with a pneumatically actuated actuator (8) , which is arranged relatively movably within the inlet opening (1). 2. Flüssigkeitsabscheider nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Druckdose (7) ein Gehäuse (9) umfaßt, das zwei durch eine rollbalgartig ausgebildete Membran (10) aus elastomerem Werkstoff voneinander gasdicht getrennte Kammern (11, 12) umschließt, daß die Membran (10) mit dem Stellglied (8) verbunden auf einer Schraubenfeder (14) abgestützt ist, die im Gehäuse (9) gelagert, daß beide Kammern (11, 12) zur Betätigung des Stellglieds (8) mit voneinander abweichenden Drücken beaufschlagbar sind, daß die Druckdose (7) außenseitig an der Wandung (6) der Eintrittsöffnung (1) angeordnet ist und daß das Stellglied (8) die Wandung (6) gasdicht durchdringt.2. Liquid separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure cell (7) comprises a housing (9) which encloses two gas-tightly separated chambers (11, 12) formed by a bellows-shaped membrane (10) made of elastomeric material that the membrane (10) connected to the actuator (8) is supported on a helical spring (14) which is mounted in the housing (9) that both chambers (11, 12) for actuating the actuator (8) can be acted upon with differing pressures that the pressure cell (7) is arranged on the outside on the wall (6) of the inlet opening (1) and that the actuator (8) penetrates the wall (6) in a gas-tight manner. 3. Flüssigkeitsabscheider nach Anspruch 1 bis 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Stellglied (8) eine im wesentlichen ebene und plattenförmige Gestalt aufweist.3. Liquid separator according to claim 1 to 2, characterized in that the actuator (8) has a substantially flat and plate-like shape. 4. Flüssigkeitsabscheider nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Stellglied (8) und /oder die Innenwandung der Eintrittsöffnung (1) mit zumindest einem Dichtelement (15) versehen sind und daß der von einer Oberfläche (16) des Stellglieds (8) und der benachbarten Innenwandung begrenzte, nicht durchströmbare Teilquerschnitt durch das Dichtelement (15) im wesentlichen gasdicht vom durchströmbaren Durchflußquerschnitt (5) getrennt ist.4. Liquid separator according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the actuator (8) and / or the inner wall of the inlet opening (1) are provided with at least one sealing element (15) and that of a surface (16) of the actuator (8th ) and the adjacent inner wall limited, non-flowable partial cross-section through the sealing element (15) is essentially gas-tight from the flow-through flow cross-section (5). 5. Flüssigkeitsabscheider nach Anspruch 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Stellglied (8) quer zu Strömungsrichtung (17) mit Dichtleisten versehen ist, die dichtend mit der Innenwandung in Eingriff sind und daß das Stellglied (8) in Strömungsrichtung (17) mit entsprechend dem Verstellweg des Stellglieds (8) elastisch nachgiebigen An- und Abströmflächen (18, 19 ) versehen ist, die mit der Innenwandung dicht verbunden sind.5. Liquid separator according to claim 4, characterized in that the actuator (8) transversely to the flow direction (17) is provided with sealing strips which are sealingly engaged with the inner wall and that the actuator (8) in the flow direction (17) with corresponding Adjustment path of the actuator (8) is provided elastically flexible inflow and outflow surfaces (18, 19) which are tightly connected to the inner wall. 6. Flüssigkeitsabscheider nach Anspruch 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Eintrittsöffnung (1) in einen Zyklon (20) mündet, daß der Zyklon (20) eine im Querschnitt stufenförmig verringerte erste Austrittsöffnung (2) aufweist und daß die Achsen (21, 22) von Eintrittsöffnung (1) und Zyklon (20) im wesentlichen senkrecht aufeinander stehen.6. A liquid separator according to claim 1 to 5, characterized in that the inlet opening (1) opens into a cyclone (20), that the cyclone (20) has a first outlet opening (2) which has a step-wise reduced cross section and that the axes (21, 22) of inlet opening (1) and cyclone (20) are essentially perpendicular to one another. 7. Flüssigkeitsabscheider nach Anspruch 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Druckdose (7) einen Überdruckanschluß (23) aufweist, der mit der Kammer (11) auf der der Schraubenfeder (14) abgewandten Seite verbunden ist.7. Liquid separator according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that the pressure cell (7) has an overpressure connection (23) which is connected to the chamber (11) on the side facing away from the helical spring (14). 8. Flüssigkeitsabscheider nach Anspruch 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Druckdose (7) mit einem Unterdruckanschluß (24) versehen ist, der mit der Kammer (11) auf der der Schraubenfeder (14) zugewandten Seite verbunden ist.8. Liquid separator according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that the pressure cell (7) is provided with a vacuum connection (24) which ver with the chamber (11) on the side facing the coil spring (14) is bound. 9. Verwendung eines Flüssigkeitsabscheiders nach Anspruch 1 bis 8 als Ölabscheider in der Kurbelgehäuseentlüftung einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine.9. Use of a liquid separator according to claim 1 to 8 as an oil separator in the crankcase ventilation of an internal combustion engine.
EP94116860A 1994-02-15 1994-10-26 Liquid separator Expired - Lifetime EP0667444B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4404709A DE4404709C1 (en) 1994-02-15 1994-02-15 Separator of liquid from liquid-bearing gas
DE4404709 1994-02-15

Publications (2)

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EP0667444A1 true EP0667444A1 (en) 1995-08-16
EP0667444B1 EP0667444B1 (en) 1996-09-18

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US (1) US5536289A (en)
EP (1) EP0667444B1 (en)
BR (1) BR9500363A (en)
DE (2) DE4404709C1 (en)
ES (1) ES2092853T3 (en)

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CN104879190A (en) * 2015-04-20 2015-09-02 吉林大学 Variable inlet cross-section oil-gas separator

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US6379411B1 (en) * 2000-04-26 2002-04-30 Bechtel Bwxt Idaho, Llc Two stroke engine exhaust emissions separator
US6755897B2 (en) * 2002-10-23 2004-06-29 Siemens Vdo Automotive Inc. Constant velocity radial inflow particle separator
DE10301028A1 (en) * 2003-01-14 2004-07-29 Alfmeier Präzision AG Ventilation valve for a crank housing with an integrated cyclone separator comprises a valve chamber defined on one side by a membrane and on the opposite-lying side by a separating wall
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DE202004010550U1 (en) * 2004-07-06 2005-11-17 Hengst Gmbh & Co.Kg Device for regulating the pressure in the crankcase of an internal combustion engine and for the oil mist separation from the crankcase ventilation gas
US7473291B2 (en) * 2004-09-21 2009-01-06 Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc. Inertial gas-liquid separator with variable flow actuator
DE102004061938B3 (en) * 2004-12-22 2006-06-29 Dichtungstechnik G. Bruss Gmbh & Co. Kg Oil separating system for internal combustion engine e.g. Otto engine, has oil separator for oil that is separated from blow-by-gases in crank case, and pressure control valve to control pressure in crank case
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US7637699B2 (en) * 2007-07-05 2009-12-29 Babcock & Wilcox Power Generation Group, Inc. Steam/water conical cyclone separator
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US8974567B2 (en) 2010-01-27 2015-03-10 Cummins Filtration Ip Inc. Rotating coalescer with keyed drive
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EP2735352A1 (en) 2012-11-23 2014-05-28 Alfa Laval Corporate AB A centrifugal separator
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE59400694D1 (en) 1996-10-24
EP0667444B1 (en) 1996-09-18
DE4404709C1 (en) 1995-06-08
BR9500363A (en) 1995-10-17
US5536289A (en) 1996-07-16
ES2092853T3 (en) 1996-12-01

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