DE202004010550U1 - Device for regulating the pressure in the crankcase of an internal combustion engine and for the oil mist separation from the crankcase ventilation gas - Google Patents

Abstract

Facility (1) for the regulation of the pressure in the crankcase of an internal combustion engine, with at least one pressure control element (2), with which a flow cross-section for the Device (1) flowing through Crankcase ventilation gas dependent from the current pressure is changeable so that in the crankcase a prescribable negative pressure opposite the ambient air pressure is maintained, wherein the means (1) for de-oiling the Crankcase ventilation gas at least one in the flow path arranged oil mist separator (3) wherein in the device (1) the flow cross-section to a plurality individual channels (31) is distributed and wherein by the at least one pressure control element (2) the cross-section of each individual channel (31) is variable, characterized that at least a single channel (31) a separate oil mist separator (3) directly is assigned and that the Pressure control element (2) a pressure-controlled actuator (2 ') with at least one with the individual channels (31) to their cross-sectional change cooperating actuator (26).

Description

The The present invention relates to a device for the control the pressure in the crankcase an internal combustion engine, with at least one pressure regulating element, with a flow cross section for the Device flowing through Crankcase ventilation gas dependent from the current pressure is changeable so that in the crankcase a prescribable negative pressure opposite the ambient air pressure is maintained, the means for de-oiling the Crankcase ventilation gas at least one in the flow path arranged oil mist separator comprises wherein in the device the flow cross-section on several individual channels is distributed and wherein by the at least one pressure control element the cross section of each individual channel is variable.

A device of the type mentioned is out DE 102 49 720 A1 known. This known device is designed specifically for an internal combustion engine with a turbocharger. In an internal combustion engine having a turbocharger, crankcase ventilation must be connected both to the intake manifold upstream of the turbocharger via a first vent line section and to the intake manifold downstream of the turbocharger via a second vent line section. For this purpose, it is provided in the known device to connect the first vent line section and the second vent line section to a single pressure control valve. This pressure regulating valve has a valve seat cooperating with a valve body, which has a first outlet channel and a second outlet channel. The second output channel is arranged concentrically around the first output channel. In addition, in this known device the pressure control valve upstream of a Ölnebelabscheider, which preferably consists of a coarse separator and a subsequent fine separator, which are flowed through successively by the entire crankcase ventilation gas flow.

When disadvantage is considered in this known device that due the throttling in the pressure control valve between the crankcase and the Intake tract of the associated Internal combustion engine in wide operating ranges of the internal combustion engine only part of the theory of oil separation from the crankcase ventilation gas to disposal standing pressure difference is actually used for oil mist separation. This has the consequence that in certain operating ranges of the associated internal combustion engine undesirably high oil mist with the crankcase ventilation gas in get the intake of the engine, where they interfere with the Function of the internal combustion engine, e.g. by coking of inlet valves, to lead can. Furthermore, in the known device to be regarded as disadvantageous that she only for engines suitable with a turbocharger, which is the scope of this restricts known device, because a big one Number of internal combustion engines is operated without turbocharger.

Out DE 102 51 947 A1 a device for the separation of liquid from a gas flow of a crankcase of an internal combustion engine is known. This device consists of a housing with separation elements, wherein the device has a distribution valve which is movably mounted in a distribution channel by at least one closing body cooperating with a sealing seat. Further, it is preferably provided in this known device that the gas flow through the distribution valve in dependence on the amount of gas flow to one or more separation elements is conductive. Preferably, in this known device further provided that the closing body automatically adjusted due to a balance of power from a force acting on the closing body of the gas flow force and a force originating from the weight of the shooting body weight and / or a spring force exerted by a spring force. With this device is to be achieved that the separators are operated in a favorable working range in order to achieve a good liquid separation.

When disadvantage is to look at this known device that they no Means for setting a predefinable, by statutory regulations prescribed negative pressure in the crankcase relative to the atmospheric Having air pressure. Alone with those provided in the device Means is an effective pressure control in the crankcase of Internal combustion engine not possible. There is even a risk that an overpressure in the crankcase arises, which is not lawful. It is therefore beside the Device in addition a separate pressure control valve is required, which is disadvantageous to one additional Pressure drop leads, whereby the pressure difference, for the liquid or oil mist separation from the gas available stands, is diminished. In addition, it should be regarded as disadvantageous that the closing body considerable Vibration and acceleration effects during operation of the internal combustion engine, especially in a motor vehicle, which is exposed to the Function of the device have a strong disturbing effect. There is also in this known device a relatively high risk that the function the device by freezing the closing body or by sticking of the closing body in Sequence of deposits within the device and in particular in the area of the sealing seat.

Another device for the entrance purpose is out DE 202 11 329 U1 known. This known device has an oil separator, which in addition to the actual Ölabscheideorgan additionally includes a coarse oil cyclone, the inflow opening is equal to an oil sink in which settles with the inflowing gas stream from the crankcase coarse oil entrains. In addition, a vacuum control valve is integrated in the housing of the device in the clean gas area. The available for the flow of the crankcase ventilation gas flow cross sections through the Ölabscheideorgan and by the additional coarse oil cyclone are constant and are set during the manufacture of the device. To regulate the pressure in the crankcase, the flow cross section of a channel discharging the combined clean gas is changed in a pressure-dependent manner by the vacuum control valve.

With Although this device is achieved a spatially compact design, However, it is to be noted as a disadvantage that an optimal effect in terms the oil mist separation only in certain, limited areas of the volumetric flow of the Device flowing through Crankcase ventilation gas and reaches the pressure difference between the crankcase and the intake tract of the internal combustion engine becomes. Outside This optimal ranges results in an undesirable drop in efficiency the oil mist separation, causing oil gets into the intake of the engine and there to disturbances or damage to lead can.

Another device for the purpose mentioned is out DE 298 10 402 U1 known. This device has an oil collecting space in which collects separated from the oil mist separator from the crankcase ventilation gas oil. This oil collecting space communicates with the crankcase of the associated internal combustion engine via a closable passage. In the passage, a plunger is arranged, which is connected to an adjustable diaphragm of the pressure control device for the crankcase pressure and performs a corresponding stroke movement with each movement of the membrane. By this lifting movement, a pumping action is generated and by this pumping action, the oil collected in the collecting chamber is forcibly conveyed into the crankcase, without an undesirable gas flow through the oil return passage can occur. The integrated in this device pressure control valve changes by means of the aforementioned membrane, the flow cross-section of a clean gas duct, which leads the gas cleaned by the oil mist, for example, to the intake of the associated internal combustion engine.

Also in this known device has the disadvantage that an optimal oil mist separation only in limited areas of the volume flow of the crankcase ventilation gas and the pressure difference between the crankcase and the intake tract of the internal combustion engine is reached. Outside this optimum range leaves the separation effect in unwanted Way after.

Out DE 44 04 709 C1 a liquid separator for separating liquid from gases is known, wherein the liquid separator can be used for example as a cyclone oil separator for the crankcase ventilation of internal combustion engines. In this known separator is provided to change the inlet cross section by an adjustable wall area pressure-dependent. For this purpose, a pressure cell is used, in which a membrane is acted upon by two different pressures. According to the present pressure difference results in a specific position of the membrane, which is transmitted via an actuating rod to an adjustable wall region in the inlet of the separator. In this way, although the volume flow range in which a good oil mist separation is achieved increase, but still remain in this separator areas where no good efficiency in oil separation is achieved. In addition, a separate pressure control valve must be provided for the regulation of the pressure in the crankcase of the associated internal combustion engine, at which a pressure drop occurs, which adversely reduces the pressure difference available for the oil mist separation. In addition, the separate pressure control valve leads to increased manufacturing and assembly costs.

Out DE 102 05 981 A1 For example, a cyclone arrangement for separating particles or drops from a fluid stream is known. The arrangement comprises at least two cyclones arranged in parallel, which have a tangential inlet opening for the fluid flow and in the interior of which the fluid flow is set in rotation, so that due to the centrifugal force generated in the fluid flow, the particles to be separated are deposited on the outer wall and transported away through the outlet openings , The arrangement is characterized by a plurality of parallel-connected cyclones, wherein the inlet openings for the fluid flow are each to be closed or opened individually. Also with this arrangement is to be achieved that the individual cyclones are each operated in a favorable work area to achieve a higher overall Abscheidewirkungsgrad.

A disadvantage of this known arrangement that a regulation of the pressure in the crankcase can not be achieved only with this arrangement. Again, a separate pressure control valve is also required to ensure the legally prescribed negative pressure in the crankcase relative to the atmospheric pressure. Since both in the pressure control valve and in the cyclone arrangement each have a pressure drop, only a portion of the pressure difference between the crankcase and the intake tract of the internal combustion engine can be used for the separation of oil mist from the crankcase ventilation gas. For the closing and opening of the inlet openings of the cyclones, a common slide is preferably used, but remains open as and by what means the slide should be actuated.

For the present Invention is therefore the task of a device of the beginning to provide the above-mentioned disadvantages avoids and with the on one side over larger areas of the volume flow of the crankcase ventilation gas and the pressure difference between the crankcase and the intake tract of the internal combustion engine an effective oil mist separation guaranteed and with the other side in the crankcase of the Internal combustion engine, a pressure in a predetermined desired pressure range is reliably maintained with sufficient accuracy. there The facility is intended for both Otto as well as for Be used diesel engines, have a high and long lasting reliability and be inexpensive to produce.

The solution This object is achieved according to the invention with a device of aforementioned type, which is characterized in that at least a single channel own oil mist separator is directly assigned and that the pressure control element a pressure-controlled actuator with at least one with the individual channels to their cross-sectional change is co-acting actuator.

at the device according to the invention Advantageously, the functions of the crankcase pressure control and the oil mist separation combined and integrated. According to the respective present crankcase pressure gives the at least one actuator via the actuator or the Actuators a more or less large flow cross section through the Set up free. This flow cross section is around several individual channels, depending on the position of the actuator more or less strong and / or in larger or smaller number of crankcase ventilation gas flows through become. At least one single channel is a separate oil mist separator directly assigned. This makes it possible, the oil mist separator largely in its design range, so with a high efficiency, too operate, resulting in limited pressure differences between the crankcase and achieve high separation efficiency of the intake tract of the internal combustion engine to let. A significant advantage of the device according to the invention is that practical the entire pressure difference between the crankcase and the intake tract of the internal combustion engine in the oil mist separator or in the oil mist separators for the separation of the oil mist can be used. Advantageously, at a high flow rate on abzuführendem from the crankcase Crankcase ventilation gas at low pressure difference all individual channels and the associated oil mist separator (s) flows through in parallel be so no There is a danger that in the crankcase an impermissible overpressure builds.

Prefers Each individual channel has its own separate oil mist separator associated, creating a particularly effective and extensive oil mist separation from the crankcase ventilation gas is reached.

In Another embodiment is preferably provided that by the at least one pressure control element depends on the current pressure of the Crankcase ventilation gas a more or less big one Number of single channels either is releasable or lockable. With this configuration The device avoids having to go through each single channel wide areas varying flow rates flow; rather, it either flows a relatively large one Volume flow through the open single channel or it flows practically no volume flow through the shut-off single channel. To this Way of each of the individual channel associated Ölnebelabscheider be designed for a given volume flow, which in total a particularly good efficiency results in the oil mist separation.

Further beats the invention that in an initial state, wherein in the crankcase, a pressure in a target pressure range prevails, several or all individual channels are open and that in contrast, sloping Pressure in the crankcase a increasing number of single channels is lockable. Due to the increasing number of blocked individual channels decreasing pressure in the crankcase becomes the amount of crankcase ventilation gas discharged from the crankcase decreases, reducing the pressure in the crankcase to the desired Pressure level, which is preferably slightly lower than the ambient air pressure is, held or raised again to this desired pressure level becomes. The initial state with open single channels is also present when the associated Internal combustion engine is stationary or in an operating state with a great Volume flow of crankcase ventilation gases located.

In a further embodiment of the device is provided that at least one additional discharge channel is provided in addition to the individual channels. The discharge channel is used in particular in particular, to provide with rapidly increasing pressure of the crankcase ventilation gas for a rapid release of pressure to safely prevent a harmful and impermissible pressure in the crankcase. The discharge channel preferably forms, like the individual channels, a portion of a flow path in the intake tract of the internal combustion engine. The additional discharge channel can be designed with or without Ölnebelabscheider. Without Ölnebelabscheider a particularly low flow resistance is achieved.

In order to when open Discharge channel as possible little oil mist enters the intake tract of the internal combustion engine, but is preferred the discharge channel a separate oil mist separator immediately assigned. The oil mist separator should be as possible at this point low flow resistance or pressure drop, if necessary, a rapid overpressure reduction to ensure.

there Here, a lower efficiency in the oil mist separation accepted be because such an operating condition only exceptionally and rarely expected, but not completely ruled out.

For the execution of Device with discharge channel is further provided that in an initial state, in the case of the crankcase a pressure in a desired pressure range prevails, several individual channels or all individual channels are open and the discharge channel is closed, that in contrast, sloping Pressure in the crankcase a increasing number of single channels is lockable and that at over one maximum target pressure increasing pressure in the crankcase of Relief channel is releasable. In this embodiment, the device ensures a Protection against overpressure, if the total flow area of the individual channels without the extra Discharge channel for a sufficiently rapid and effective pressure relief is not sufficient should.

A Another embodiment of the device suggests that the oil mist separators each in the flow direction of the crankcase ventilation gas seen behind the pressure control element are arranged. In this Embodiment of the device is the pressure control element between to be vented crankcase and the oil mist separators, so that the Function of the pressure control element here not by a pressure drop at the oil mist separators affected becomes. This advantageously allows a relatively simple construction of the pressure control element.

alternative can the oil mist separators each in the flow direction of the crankcase ventilation gas be seen before the pressure control element. This version has the specific advantage that already de-oiled crankcase ventilation gas reaches the pressure control element, whereby this against functional impairments in the crankcase ventilation gas entrained oil is protected. Another advantage here is the lower pressure difference, the in the return of the in the oil mist separators separated oil in the oil pan to overcome the internal combustion engine is.

A Embodiment of the invention proposes a single actuator is provided, with which a common actuator for all individual channels or for these and for the at least one discharge channel is adjustable. By the Using a single actuator will be manufacturing and assembling the Setup simple and inexpensive held.

A alternative embodiment of the invention provides a single actuator before, with the ever an actuator for every single channel or for these and for the at least one discharge channel is adjustable. Here too are produced by using a single actuator and installation of the device kept simple and inexpensive, while at the same time by the use of multiple actuators the possibilities for the targeted influence of the Stellverhaltens be increased.

According to one Another alternative is for every single channel or for these and for the at least one discharge channel each provided a separate actuator, with which the actuator for the associated Single channel and, if one. such provided in the device is for the discharge channel is adjustable. In this device is the effort by the larger number of actuators, though larger, however can thus a more accurate supply and Disconnection of the individual channels and the discharge channel and thus an improved function the facility as a whole. In particular, for different Operating points of the engine different pressure levels in the crankcase be set. For example, can at idle the internal combustion engine and the associated particularly low pressure in the intake system a low crankcase pressure be adjusted, in which a defined ventilation of the crankcase with Fresh air possible is, and e.g. at full load of the engine and the associated low pressure difference between the crankcase and the intake tract higher crankcase pressure be set and the remaining pressure difference under waiver on a crankcase ventilation full for the oil mist separation be used.

Another contribution to the simplest and at the same time reliable construction of the Device is that the actuator is a mechanical-pneumatic actuator, which is adjusted depending on the pressure difference between a reference pressure and the pressure in the crankcase. The particular advantage of such an actuator is that it requires no external energy for its operation, for example in the form of an electrical voltage source.

alternative For this purpose, the actuator can also be powered by external energy, from be at least one pressure sensor controlled actuator, which depends on the pressure difference between a reference pressure and the pressure in crankcase is adjusted. The effort is indeed in this embodiment of the device higher, however, in this embodiment, z. B. by an electronic map control, a differentiated and thus improved function of the device can be achieved.

Of the Reference pressure is preferably the atmospheric air pressure or one of a pressure transducer prescribable pressure. When using the atmospheric Air pressure as a reference pressure, the device is kept simple and the pressure in the crankcase will always, as you wish, relative to the atmospheric Regulated air pressure. When using one of a pressure transducer given pressure as a reference pressure, the device is indeed a little more elaborate, allowed for it but a specific influence on the regulation via a variation of the reference pressure, e.g. depending on current operating state of the internal combustion engine.

Farther It is preferably provided that each Single channel or this and the at least one discharge channel each having a section with a frontal contour, relative to which the actuator is adjustable by approach and distance respectively. This embodiment offers the particular advantage that sliding friction avoided in the interaction of actuator and single channel or discharge channel will, causing the actuation the actuators smoothly and with little effort is possible. In addition, so will wear due to friction largely avoided. Also a hindrance to the adjustment of the Actuator by pollution or by freezing can here practically do not occur.

Around undesirable flow paths for the crankcase ventilation gas by the device and the associated loss of effectiveness of the device To avoid, it is proposed that each oil mist separator with a own collection container or space is provided for collecting the separated oil. To this Way become unwanted and disturbing Gas flow paths through the Ölausläs se of the oil mist separator prevented. The emptying of the collection container or spaces can at standstill the associated Internal combustion engine, because then there are no pressure differences and therefore no gas flows through the furnishings are running.

To the Purpose of the aforementioned Emptying the collection container or rooms at standstill of the internal combustion engine is provided that at least a part of the collection container or rooms respectively with an automatic switching check valve is provided.

As an oil mist separator can basically any, known devices are used. Preferred are in the device according to the invention the oil mist separators but designed as Zyklonabscheider because these on the entire life of an associated Internal combustion engine are functionally reliable and maintenance-free and one good compromise between represent the component costs and the achievable degrees of separation.

The in the facility existing cyclone separator can thereby each have the same size, which makes the manufacture of the device particularly easy. Prefers However, the cyclone separators are sized differently in relation to each other, which has the advantage of being special for one huge Volumetric flow range of the crankcase ventilation gas in each case an optimal Abscheidegrad by adapted Switching on and off of the different cyclone separator can be achieved.

In Training is provided that everyone with increasing crankcase pressure additionally flowed through Cyclone separator each next larger cyclone separator is or that everyone with Increasing crankcase pressure additionally flowed through cyclone separator each the next smaller one Cyclone separator is. The selection of each used execution depends in particular on the given blowby map the associated Internal combustion engine. In both embodiments are at more correct Selection and adjustment a good control behavior and high security against the emergence of an unwanted and harmful overpressure or reached too much negative pressure in the crankcase.

Further is for the inventive device provided that the / each Actuator made of a resilient metal sheet, preferably with a plate thickness of 0.05 to 1 mm, is formed. With such an actuator ensures a long shelf life. Furthermore you can the actuator by selecting the metal and the sheet thickness the desired in the particular application and therefor give optimal properties.

alternative For this purpose, the / each actuator of a flat fabric reinforced epoxy resin material, preferably with a material thickness of 0.3 - 2 mm, be educated. Again, the actuator is durable and wear-resistant and it can be selected for its properties by material selection and Variation of material thickness for the be optimized for each application.

Around to ensure, that everybody Single channel and discharge channel with the associated oil mist separator of one Flow rate of crankcase ventilation gas flows through is where a good oil separation takes place, it is provided that the actuator between two or more positions is adjustable so that the or shutdown of each single channel or each single and discharge channel abruptly, without that during a substantial Duration of the channel in question is only partially open.

Within the facility can the individual channels and, if provided, the at least one discharge channel and the associated oil mist separator be arranged geometrically different. A first advantageous execution looks in this regard before that the with the actuator respectively cooperating portions of the individual channels or the individual channels and the discharge channel arranged in a straight line in series are and that that Actuator has the shape of an elongated, straight tongue that over the Sections runs. In this version the actuator can have a particularly simple shape, which is advantageous for the production is. Furthermore So overall, a flat, stretched construction of the device be achieved, whereby they with appropriate installation conditions good in the engine compartment of an internal combustion engine or in the internal combustion engine self-integrable.

A alternative embodiment proposes before that the with the actuator cooperating sections of the individual channels or the individual channels and the discharge channel arranged in a straight line in series are and that that Actuator is designed in the form of several cam-actuated tongues, being over each section has one tongue each. With this configuration let yourself also achieve a flat design of the device. simultaneously here is the opportunity created, the adjustment behavior of the individual tongues by appropriate Shaping of these actuating Optimize cams individually.

A Another alternative embodiment provides that with the actuator each interacting sections of the single channels or the individual channels and the Relief channel on a curved line in circular or circle shape are arranged and that the Actuator the form of a suitably circular or pitch circle shape running, correspondingly long tongue has, over the Sections runs. In this version is a spatial Overall very compact design possible, which in accordance with given installation conditions in many cases is advantageous.

Yet sees another alternative embodiment before that the with the actuator cooperating sections of the individual channels or the individual channels and the discharge channel on a curved line in a circle or pitch circle shape are arranged and that the actuator the shape of a suitable star-shaped or spoke-shaped tongue arrangement has, being over each section has one tongue each. In this embodiment will an equally compact design allows as in the previously mentioned embodiment, here in difference to the previous version each section has its own tongue associated with the actuator, which optimizes the positioning behavior for each individual channel and for the discharge channel allowed.

In an alternative embodiment the actuator can be designed as a flexible membrane, the more Has membrane areas, each with a portion of the individual channels or the individual channels and the discharge channel. Such a membrane is Relatively easy to manufacture and can be adjusted with low operating forces.

A first training suggests to that the Membrane areas of the membrane over their area distributed next to each other and that with the membrane areas each cooperating sections of the individual channels or the individual channels and the discharge channel in a corresponding arrangement lie next to each other.

A alternative training suggests to that the Membrane areas of the membrane are concentric with each other in the area and that with the membrane regions respectively cooperating portions of the individual channels or the individual channels and the discharge channel in a corresponding arrangement concentric to each other.

A Design of serving as an actuator membrane provides that the membrane areas each a different altitude occupy relative to each other and each flexible relative to the rest of the membrane are deflectable. This allows the membrane with relatively low Effort for Each individual and relief channel a desired individual pressure-dependent control behavior be lent.

A advantageous construction with few items results according to a Training in which the actuator forming flexible membrane at the same time the diaphragm of a diaphragm pressure regulating valve is the pressure regulating element of the device.

Around in closed position the actuator relative to the cooperating portion each single channel or single channels and discharge channel to achieve a good sealing effect, it is proposed that the / each Actuator with a coating effect increasing relative to the channels coating, as elastomer, and / or with the sealing action enhancing additional elements and / or with a sealing effect increasing Geometry is provided.

alternative or additionally can the areas cooperating with the / each actuator the individual channels or the individual channels and the discharge channel with a sealing effect relative to Actuator-increasing Coating, such as elastomer, and / or with the sealing effect increasing additional elements and / or be provided with a sealing effect increasing geometry.

Around to fatigue and wear of the Stellorgans leading To avoid or at least reduce vibrations, can / can Actuator with at least one vibration of the actuator preventing or diminishing absorber mass.

Out For the same reason, alternatively or additionally, the / each actuator have a layer structure, preferably between two outer layers a steaming, Vibrations of the actuator preventing or reducing medium located.

Around dysfunction of the actuator and the associated Ölnebelabscheider by large oil particles to avoid that possibly from the crankcase enter the facility, it is proposed that in Set up at least one of the oil mist separators upstream pre-separator for the separation of large oil particles is integrated. Large oil particles, e.g. Centrifugal oil splashes, are excreted in advance from the crankcase ventilation gas flow and load the downstream oil mist separators no more. The pre-separator can be in front of or behind with the or the actuators cooperating portions of the channels for the leadership of the Crankcase ventilation gas be arranged. The pre-separator is appropriate, as the other oil mist, equipped with an oil return, through the separated oil to the crankcase of associated Internal combustion engine are returned can.

Around an undesirable Entry of water and / or fuel into the lubricating oil and a This prevents deterioration of the oil quality, the invention proposes before that the Device in a in operation of the associated internal combustion engine of this heated Area is arranged or that in the device comprises a heater which heats at least the oil mist separators is integrated. The achievable in this way heating the entire device or its oil mist separator for this, that yourself Water and fuel vapor in the crankcase ventilation gas carried be precipitated in the device as condensate, but instead in gaseous form Physical state remain and flow through the device as a vapor and be supplied to the intake of the internal combustion engine. Supported the prevention of condensate precipitation by the in the device prevailing negative pressure, which lowers the boiling point of water and fuel.

in the Operation of the associated Internal combustion engine, it may be useful, depending on their current Operating condition that de-oiled Crankcase ventilation gas into different areas or sections of the intake tract of the To initiate the internal combustion engine, e.g. in front or behind a throttle valve or in front of or behind a turbocharger or compressor. To the bill It is proposed that at least two groups of oil separators be used are provided that each oil mist separator has a clean gas outlet, that the Reingasauslässe the first group of oil mist separators directly or via a first collecting space in a common first outflow channel open, that the clean gas outlets of the second Group of oil mist separators directly or via open a second plenum in a common second outflow channel and that the first outflow channel and the second outflow channel in two different sections of the intake tract of the associated internal combustion engine to lead. So here is a group of Ölnebelabscheidern a particular Fixed section of the intake, so no additional active elements for the allocation of the de-oiled Crankcase ventilation gas to the one or the other portion of the intake tract are necessary. Each group of oil mist separators comprises one or more oil mist separators.

An alternative solution suggests that several oil mist separators are provided that each Ölnebelabscheider has a clean gas outlet, that the clean gas outlets via a plenum or directly into a common outflow channel, that the outflow channel in we at least two branches branching into different sections of the intake tract of the associated internal combustion engine branches and that at least one adjustable switch element is arranged at the branching point. When the switch element is switchable only between its two end positions, the entire deoiled crankcase ventilation gas is supplied either to one or the other portion of the intake tract. If the switch element can also assume intermediate positions, it is also possible to divide the deoiled crankcase ventilation gas into both sections of the intake tract. The switch element is example, via a suitable actuator depending on the pressures in the Ansaugtraktabschnitten or adjustable depending on the current engine speed or in accordance with a stored in an associated engine electronics map

A second alternative solution beats before that several oil mist are provided that each oil mist separator has a clean gas outlet, that at least provided two outflow channels are, wherein the first outflow channel and the second outflow channel in two different sections of the intake tract of the associated internal combustion engine to lead, and that everyone Clean gas outlet over one Switch element optionally with the first outflow or with the second outflow channel or connectable with both outflow channels is. In this version Although the effort is due to the larger number of switch elements higher, however, here are also more differentiated ways to influence the leadership and distribution of the de-oiled Crankcase ventilation gas offered. The adjustment of the points elements here in the same Done as described in the previous paragraph.

Regarding the aforementioned versions the device with one or more outflow channels is preferably provided further, that in one or more or all outflow channels (each) a check valve is arranged. As a result, undesired and disturbing false currents are counteracted with little effort the desired flow direction prevented in the outflow channels.

Around the inventive device preferably save space and also with as possible connect low installation costs with an associated internal combustion engine to be able to finally preferred provided that the Device in a valve cover or in a timing case cover or in an oil filter module the associated Internal combustion engine is integrated.

in the Following are several embodiments the invention explained with reference to a drawing. The figures of the drawing demonstrate:

1 a device in a first embodiment in longitudinal section,

2 the device off 1 in a perspective view, partly in a cutaway view,

3 the device in a second embodiment in longitudinal section,

4 the device in a third embodiment in perspective, cutaway view,

5 the device off 4 in longitudinal section,

6 the device off 5 in cross-section along the section line VI-VI in 5 .

7 the device off 5 in cross-section according to the section line VII-VII in 5 .

8th the device in a fourth embodiment in perspective, cutaway view,

9 a detail of the device according to 8th in side view,

10 the device off 8th in plan view with the upper part of the device removed,

11 the device off 8th in a cross section,

12 the device in a fifth embodiment in longitudinal section,

13 a section of the device according to 12 in cross section according to the section line XIII-XIII in 12 .

14 the device in a sixth embodiment, again in longitudinal section,

15 the device in a seventh embodiment in perspective, cutaway view,

16 the device off 15 in longitudinal section,

17 a part of the device according to the 15 and 16 forming membrane in plan view,

18 the membrane in cross section according to the section line XVIII-XVIII in 17 .

19 the device in an eighth version, partly in longitudinal section, partly in view

20 the device in a ninth embodiment in a schematic block diagram,

21 the device in a tenth embodiment, also in a schematic block diagram, and

22 the device in an eleventh embodiment, again in a schematic block diagram.

As the 1 the drawing shows, includes the illustrated here first embodiment of a device 1 as essential parts of a pressure control element 2 and a Ölnebelabscheideeinheit with several, here four Ölnebelabscheidern 3 in a common housing 10 are housed as an integrated unit.

The in the upper left part of the 1 illustrated pressure control element 2 has an elastic membrane 20 , sealing between the upper part of the housing 10 and a lid 10 ' is clamped. Above the membrane 20 there is a first chamber 21 , which has a small air duct 21 ' is associated with the external atmosphere and in which the atmospheric pressure prevails. Under the membrane 20 there is a second chamber 22 in which the crankcase pressure of an associated, not shown internal combustion engine prevails.

The central part of the membrane 20 is made by a stable diaphragm plate 23 formed, the underside with a control spring 25 on the case 10 is supported, is subjected to an upward force. With the diaphragm plate 23 in one piece is a plunger 24 , that of the diaphragm plate 23 goes down. On the case 10 bottom left is a crankcase gas inflow channel 11 formed, which is connectable to the crankcase of an associated internal combustion engine. Through this inflow channel 11 Can crankcase ventilation gas from the crankcase in the device 1 be initiated.

The far right is on the case 10 a crankcase gas outflow channel 14 formed, which is preferably connectable to the intake of the associated internal combustion engine. Through this discharge channel 14 can purified, ie freed of oil mist crankcase ventilation gas from the device 1 be dissipated.

To the inflow channel 11 closes in the housing 10 a distribution room 12 at. In this distribution room 12 are several, here a total of four individual channels 31 on which the crankcase ventilation gas is on its way through the facility 1 is distributed. Each one has its own channel 31 each a flat frontal contour 32 , in the 1 pointing upwards and which are arranged in a line next to each other.

Above the individual channels 31 runs an actuator 26 , which here has the shape of a metallic leaf spring. At its right end is the actuator 26 on the housing 10 fixed.

At its bottom is the actuator 26 with its sealing effect relative to the individual channels 31 increasing coating 26 ' , For example, an elastomeric pad, provided. At the same time, the coating ensures 26 ' for damping unwanted vibrations of the actuator 26 ,

At his in 1 left end is the actuator 26 with the lower end of the plunger 24 connected. The pestle 24 and the membrane 20 form a mechanical-pneumatic actuator 2 ' , which is for a pressure-dependent adjustment of the actuator 26 provides. The lower chamber 22 below the membrane 20 is in direct flow communication with the distribution room 12 so rule in distribution room 12 and in the lower chamber 22 almost the crankcase pressure. In a ground state of the institution 1 , For example, when idling the associated internal combustion engine, there is the plunger 24 in its upper end position, as in 1 is shown. In this upper position of the plunger 24 is inevitably the actuator 26 in its supreme position, in that of all individual channels 31 is lifted off. This is all individual channels 31 open.

Each single channel 31 forms in the example according to 1 respectively the inlet of a Ölnebelabscheiders, here in each case a cyclone 3 , The cyclones 3 are arranged side by side with mutually parallel longitudinal axes. Every cyclone 3 has a peripheral wall 30 that have a whirlwind space 33 surrounds. Down in 1 each in the center of each cyclone 3 is a clean gas outlet 34 recognizable by the respectively freed from the oil mist crankcase ventilation gas the respective cyclone 3 leaves and through a lying in the background, not visible collecting space the outflow 14 is supplied.

That in the individual cyclones 3 separated oil is discharged to the opposite direction, where in each case a Ölabströmkanal is provided, which is here above the cutting plane and therefore not visible.

If the pressure in the crankcase falls below the set pressure, this leads to an adjustment of the diaphragm 20 and the membrameller 23 with the pestle 24 down, whereby first the in 1 rightmost single channel 31 and further lowering the plunger 24 gradually also the left following individual channels 31 be closed.

As soon as the pressure in the crankcase rises again, the diaphragm moves 20 with the diaphragm plate 23 and the pestle 24 back up again, starting from the left again the single channels 31 to be opened gradually.

This way, with the device 1 At the same time, the pressure in the crankcase is regulated and the crankcase ventilation gas is effectively de-oiled. Here is the total pressure difference between the inflow channel 11 and the discharge channel 14 and thus in principle the total pressure difference between the crankcase and the intake tract of the internal combustion engine for the oil mist separation within one or more of the cyclones 3 to disposal. This indicates the device 1 not only an integrated design but also an integrated function with regard to crankcase pressure control and oil mist separation from the crankcase ventilation gas.

As the 1 illustrated, allows the arrangement of the cyclones shown here 3 side by side a particularly flat, stretched construction, which is advantageous for many installation situations

2 shows the device 1 out 1 now in a perspective view, partly in a cutaway view. Left in 2 is again the pressure control element 2 recognizable, that is the actuator 2 ' for the actuator 26 forms or comprises.

Becomes particularly clear in 2 on the right the parallel arrangement of here four cyclones 3 , At the bottom of each cyclone 3 is ever an oil outlet 35 in a common oil storage room 36 for all four cyclones opens. This oil picking room 36 can be connected via a line not shown here with the crankcase of the associated internal combustion engine to provide the separated oil of the engine again for lubrication. Unless it is the fluidic stability of the cyclones 3 requires, every single cyclone 3 be provided with its own oil collection chamber and its own check valve between the oil collection chamber and the crankcase.

Top right in 2 here is to a small extent the outer contour of the clean gas collection room 13 recognizable, in which the clean gas flows from the cyclones 3 merged and then the outflow channel 14 be supplied.

Particularly clearly shows the 2 also that the actuator 26 here has the form of an elongated leaf spring. The actuator acts here 26 in the form of the leaf spring with the side by side on a line arranged individual channels 31 and their upwardly facing frontal contour 32 in the sense of enlargement and reduction or opening and closing of the flow cross-sections together.

For further details and reference numerals in 2 will be on the description of 1 directed.

3 shows a second embodiment of the device 1 , in which also a pressure control element 2 with an actuator 2 ' and an oil mist separator 3 integrated in a housing are arranged.

The pressure control element 2 that the actuator 2 ' includes, is located right above in the drawing figure. Again, the pressure control element comprises 2 a membrane 20 , sealing in the housing 10 is arranged. The above the membrane 20 lying first chamber 21 is over the small air duct 21 ' connected with the free atmosphere, so that in this chamber 21 in the state of equilibrium the atmospheric pressure prevails. The second chamber 22 that under the membrane 20 lies, is with a collection room 12 the device 1 directly connected via the crankcase gas inflow channel 11 in turn, directly connected to the crankcase of the associated internal combustion engine.

The central part of the membrane 20 also forms a stiff membrane plate here 23 , from which integrally also here a pestle 24 go down.

In contrast to the example according to 1 and 2 are in the example according to 3 two control feathers 25 . 25 ' provided, of which the control spring 25 the membrane 20 biased with an upward force, while the second control spring 25 ' in a prestressed state above the membrane 20 lies and a rest stop for the diaphragm plate 23 forms.

In a ground state, if at the top and bottom of the membrane 20 In about the same pressure prevails, eg at standstill of the associated internal combustion engine, the device takes 1 the in 3 shown state. In this state, the membrane is located 20 with the diaphragm plate 23 and the pestle 24 in a middle position. With the lower end of the pestle 24 is also an actuator here 26 connected in the form of an elongated leaf spring. In the example according to 3 be found the connection of the actuator 26 to the pestle 24 at the right end of the actuator 26 while the left end of the actuator 26 stuck with the casing 10 connected, z. B. is riveted.

Under the elongated actuator 26 here are three channels in total, namely two individual channels 31 and an additional discharge channel 31 ' , each of the inlet of a Ölnebelabscheiders in the form of a cyclone 3 form. Again, each has a single channel 31 . 31 ' each a frontal contour 32 . 32 ' that is the bottom of the actuator 26 is facing.

As with the example described above, here too every cyclone has 3 a peripheral wall 30 that have a whirlwind space 33 circumscribed. In the center of the spinal room 33 each is the clean gas outlet 34 for crankcase ventilation gas freed from oil mist. Every clean gas outlet 34 flows into the collection room 13 in turn, with the crankcase gas outflow channel 14 connected to the housing 10 leaves to the left. The supply of the crankcase ventilation gas via the top right of the housing 10 provided inflow channel 11 in a distribution room 12 opens, in which also the actuator 26 lies.

In the in 3 illustrated basic state of the device 1 takes the actuator 26 a position in which the leftmost relief channel 31 ' with the left cyclone 3 is closed while the single channels 31 , which are the inlets of the middle and right cyclone 3 form, are open.

With decreasing crankcase pressure shifts due to a pressure-dependent adjustment of the membrane 20 the tappet 24 down, creating first the middle cyclone 3 and with decreasing crankcase pressure also the right cyclone 3 be shut off. This inevitably leads to an increase in the crankcase pressure, which in turn leads to a movement of the plunger 24 upwards and thus first to the opening of the right cyclone 3 and with further increase of the crankcase pressure also to the opening of the middle cyclone 3 leads.

If, starting from in 3 illustrated basic state, the crankcase pressure rises above a maximum pressure setpoint, this leads to a displacement of the plunger 24 against the force of the second, preloaded upper control spring 25 ' up. This causes the actuator 26 now additionally in the 3 far left, additional discharge channel 31 ' with his cyclone 3 releases. In this way, the entire flow cross section will be all three cyclones 3 released, which prevents overpressure in the crankcase or at least degraded very quickly. At the same time for each channel 31 . 31 ' an oil mist separation in the immediately associated respective cyclone 3 ,

To increase the sealing effect between the actuator 26 and the front contours 32 and 32 ' of the channels 31 and 31 ' in their closed position relative to each other are in 3 additionally annular elastic coatings 32.1 and 32.1 ' around each frontal contour 32 and 32 ' arranged around.

4 shows an embodiment of the device 1 , which is also a pressure control element 2 and an actuator 2 ' as well as several cyclones 3 as an oil mist separator includes. Here are, unlike the previously be described examples, the individual cyclones 3 annularly arranged with mutually parallel longitudinal axes.

At the top of 4 is in cutaway view the pressure control element 2 with the actuator 2 ' visible, noticeable. Again, a membrane 20 used an upper chamber 21 , in which the atmospheric pressure prevails, and a lower chamber 22 , in which the crankcase pressure prevails, separates from each other. Again, the central area of the membrane 20 through a stiff membrane plate 23 formed, with a downwardly extending plunger 24 is made in one piece. Below the membrane plate 23 there is one on this and the case 10 supported control spring 25 that the diaphragm plate 23 subjected to an upward biasing force.

Far right in 4 is the crankcase gas inflow channel 11 in one inside the case 10 lying distribution space 12 empties. In this distribution room 12 is also the actuator 26 , which here has the form of an elongated, in about an open circle descriptive leaf spring, wherein from one end of the circle, a portion of the actuator 26 approximately in the radial direction inwards and with the plunger lying centrally in the circle 24 connected is.

Below this actuator 26 lie on a circular line the individual channels 31 , which again each the inlet of one of the cyclones 3 form.

That of the pestle 24 farthest end of the actuator 26 is with the case 10 connected. When adjusting the ram 24 up or down is the actuator 26 in its central area, with the pestle 24 is connected to the same amount in Verti kalrichtung adjusted while the degree of this adjustment movement along the actuator 26 up to his on the case 10 attached end is steadily smaller. In this way it can be achieved that by adjusting the actuator 26 in the longitudinal direction of the plunger 24 more or less many individual channels 31 and thus flow paths through the cyclones 3 be opened or closed. At target pressure in the cure belgehäuse are expedient part of the flow paths or all flow paths released; When the pressure in the crankcase drops below the setpoint pressure, gradually more individual channels are gradually becoming useful 31 and thus more and more flow paths closed until the target pressure in the crankcase is restored. Conversely, an increase in the blowby gas flow leads to an increase in the crankcase pressure, which is achieved by opening the flow cross sections to further cyclones 3 is regulated.

With released inlet, ie open single channel 31 , the crankcase breather gas, laden with oil mist, flows out of the distributor room 12 in the associated cyclone 3 , here its whirlwind space 33 , one. The whirl space 33 is also out here through the peripheral wall 30 of the cyclone 3 limited. That in the cyclone 3 cleaned gas passes through the clean gas outlet 34 upwards out of the cyclone 3 out and get into the collection room 13 that with the in the 4 to the left-facing crankcase gas outflow channel 14 connected is.

The separated in each cyclone oil flows under gravity downwards and through an oil outlet 35 in one in the lower part of the cyclone 3 trained oil collection room 36 , Each has its own oil collection room at its bottom 36 an oil drain with a check valve 37 , This oil drainage for Ölrückfüh tion via means not shown connected to the crankcase of the internal combustion engine. During operation of the associated internal combustion engine, the check valves 37 , which are here designed as leaf valves, each closed, with a corresponding pressure difference on the two sides of the check valve 37 ensures the taking of the closed position. At standstill of the internal combustion engine, the oil in the oil collection chamber 36 capable of the check valve 37 to move in the open position, after which then the oil can flow out.

As the 4 clarified, allows the arrangement of the cyclones 3 in this embodiment, a compact construction, wherein the device as a whole has an approximately cylindrical outer shape.

5 shows the device 1 out 4 now in longitudinal section. Top in 5 is the pressure control element 2 with the actuator 2 '; below is the oil mist separator in the form of several cyclones 3 ,

At the top of the case 10 is the membrane 20 , which is the upper chamber connected to the atmosphere 21 and the second, lower chamber 22 , in which the crankcase pressure prevails separates. With the diaphragm plate 23 is the pestle 24 made in one piece. With the lower end of the pestle 24 is the central end of the actuator 26 connected. The actuator 26 runs annular over the likewise annularly arranged individual channels 31 and its upward-facing frontal contour 32 , each with the bottom of the actuator 26 interacts.

In 5 is the device 1 shown in a state in which the membrane 20 with the diaphragm plate 22 and the pestle 24 take their upper end position. In this position is the actuator 26 maximally moved up and all individual channels 31 are opened. Each single channel 31 forms the inlet of the associated cyclone 3 , to whose parts on the description of the 4 is referenced.

6 shows the device 1 out 5 in cross-section along the section line VI-VI in 5 , Radial outside in 6 lies a wall of the housing 10 that the distribution room 12 limited to the supplied crankcase ventilation gas to the outside. In the distribution room 12 lies the annular actuator 26 having a radially outwardly to radially inwardly extending portion whose radially inner end with the plunger 24 which is cut here, is connected.

Below the actuator 26 lie hidden by this the individual channels 31 passing through the actuator 26 , depending on its position relative to the individual channels 31 , be released or closed in larger or smaller numbers. This clarifies the 6 in that the single channels 31 , here a total of six pieces, evenly distributed on a circular line lie.

Immediately radially inward from the actuator 26 lie, also on a circular line, the clean gas outlets 34 for discharging the cleaned crankcase ventilation gas.

7 shows the device 1 out 5 now in cross section according to the line VII-VII in 5 , The cutting plane runs through the upper area of the six cyclones 3 , Here is the compact arrangement of the six cyclones 3 especially clear. Every cyclone 3 has a peripheral wall 30 that the vortex space 33 limited. The single channels 31 simultaneously form the inlet of the associated cyclone 3 , In the center of each cyclone 3 here is the associated oil outlet 35 visible, noticeable. Radially outside of this is cut each of the clean gas outlet 34 in the form of a short dip tube, from the top into the swirling space 33 protrudes.

Another embodiment of the device 1 is in 8th shown, here in a perspective, cutaway view. In many parts, the device is right 1 according to 8th with the device 1 according to 4 match. The main difference lies in the design of the actuator 26 , The actuator 26 has at the facility 1 according to 8th the shape of a ring with radially inwardly extending spokes, each spoke at its radially inner end with the plunger 24 connected is. In each case a spoke of the actuator 26 is a single channel 31 assigned here largely hidden under the actuator 26 lie.

The connection of the respective radially inner end of the spokes of the actuator 26 is designed so that during a movement of the central plunger 24 down not all spokes at the same time but only gradually from the pestle 24 to be taken downwards. In this way, a step-like control behavior is achieved, which ensures that a more or less large number of individual channels 31 either closed or open. For this purpose are the individual channels 31 with her not visible front side contour radially inside as close to the plunger 24 below the radially inner end portion of the individual spokes of the actuator 26 ,

That in the individual cyclones 3 cleaned crankcase vent gas leaves the respective cyclone 3 by a clean gas outlet 34 to the top, with the clean gas outlets 34 in the common collection room 13 lead. From there, the crankcase ventilation gas leaves via the outflow channel 14 the device 1 ,

Regarding the other items of the device 1 according to 8th will be on the description of the device 1 according to 4 directed.

9 shows an enlarged view of a detail of the device 1 according to 8th , It shows the 9 in its upper part the diaphragm plate 23 with the one-piece, downwardly extending ram 24 , Left and right of the pestle 24 Below are two spokes of the actuator 26 visible, noticeable. Each radially outward here is each spoke of the actuator 26 with a part of the housing 10 connected, riveted here.

It is particularly clear in 9 in that, as already mentioned above, the radially inner connection of the individual spokes of the actuator 26 to the pestle 24 is formed so that the spokes of the actuator 26 gradually from the pestle 24 be moved in its movement in the axial direction. So is the in 9 left spoke of the actuator 26 at the illustrated position of the plunger 24 already practically in its closed position relative to the front contour 32 of the left of the central axis lying single channel 31 , In the 9 Right spoke of the actuator 26 is on the other hand at the same position of the plunger 24 still in an open position at a distance from the frontal contour 32 the right of the central axis lying individual channels 31 , Upon further movement of the plunger 24 downwards keeps the left spoke of the actuator 26 their position in the closed position, while at the same time the right-hand spoke of the actuator 26 along with the pestle 24 continues to move down until the right spoke of the actuator 26 its closed position relative to the associated single channel 31 reached. Thus, a kind of register circuit of the individual flow paths is achieved depending on the prevailing crankcase pressure.

In the big circle turn right into 9 is the detail of the actuator in the small circle 26 shown enlarged. Here it is apparent that the actuator 26 consists of three layers, namely two outer metallic layers 26.1 with resilient properties and an intermediate elastic layer 26.2 with vibration-damping properties.

10 shows a plan view of the device according to 8th , wherein all parts of the device above the actuator 26 are omitted. The 10 illustrates particularly clearly the shape of the actuator 26 with its radially outer annular portion and with its six radially inwardly extending spokes. Right in the center of the 10 is the pestle 24 cut, each with the radially inner end of the six spokes of the actuator 26 communicates.

Each immediately below the radially inner end of each spoke of the actuator 26 is ever a single channel 31 with its frontal contour 32 , respectively the bottom of the actuator 26 is facing. When from the frontal contour 32 spaced actuator is the relevant single channel 31 open; is the actuator 26 on the frontal contour 32 on, is the relevant single channel 31 locked. Based on the basis of 9 explained variable height connection of the spokes of the actuator 26 to the pestle 24 lies, according to the position of the plunger 24 , a greater or lesser number of spokes of the actuator 26 at the respectively associated front side contour 32 at.

Radially outward and angularly offset between the individual channels 31 are the individual clean gas outlets 34 through which the cleaned crankcase ventilation gas the in 10 leaves in the background, invisible cyclones upwards.

11 shows the device 8th in a cross-section at the level of the cyclones 3 , in which case the annular arrangement of the cyclones 3 becomes particularly clear on a circle line. Right in the center of the 11 lies the lower end of the plunger 24 , Radially outward follow the individual channels 31 for the supply of the crankcase ventilation gas to the individual cyclones 3 , Each cyclone is through its peripheral wall 30 limited, in the interior of each of the vortex space 33 lies. In the center of each cyclone 3 is the oil outlet 35 through which in every cyclone 3 separated oil flows under gravity downwards.

Another embodiment of the device 1 is in 12 shown in longitudinal section. Again, there are in a common housing 10 a pressure control element 2 with an actuator 2 ' and means for oil mist separation in the form of here three cyclones 3 ,

Top right in 12 is the pressure control element 2 with the actuator 2 ' visible, which also here by a membrane 20 with a pestle 24 is formed. Over the mem brane 20 is again the upper, first chamber 21 that over the hole 21 ' connected to the atmosphere while under the membrane 20 the second chamber 22 is located, in which the crankcase pressure is applied.

The lower end of the pestle 24 is here with a crank arm of a camshaft 27 connected. This camshaft 27 extends in the drawing figure 12 from the pestle 24 starting to the left. A total of three cams 27 ' are on this camshaft 27 appropriate. A movement of the membrane 20 as a result of a change in the pressure in the crankcase leads to a rotation of the camshaft 27 by a corresponding angle, causing the cams 27 ' be twisted accordingly.

Every cam 27 ' acts with an actuator 26 in the form of a short leaf spring together. Each is an actuator 26 one single channel each 31 and the additional discharge channel 31 ' assigned. The camshaft 27 lies in a distribution room 12 inside the case 10 , wherein via the crankcase gas inflow channel 11 Crankcase ventilation gas can be fed. With this distribution room 12 is also the lower chamber 22 below the membrane 20 in immediate connection.

In the distribution room 12 are also the individual channels 31 and the discharge channel 31 ' with her here each upward facing frontal contour 32 respectively. 32 ' , each with one of the actuators 26 interact. Again, every channel is 31 . 31 ' the inlet of each cyclone 3 , Characteristic of the device according to 12 is, among other things, that here the cyclones 3 have different sizes relative to each other.

The cyclones 3 lie here within a collection room 13 for that the cyclones 3 leaving cleaned crankcase ventilation gas passing through the discharge channel 14 from the collection room 13 deducted and the intake tract of the associated internal combustion engine can be supplied.

The 12 shows the device 1 in a ground state, eg at standstill of the associated internal combustion engine. In this state are the actuators 26 of in 12 right and middle cyclones 3 in an open position, while the actuator 26 of in 12 the leftmost cyclones 3 is in the closed position.

If, starting from the illustrated state, the pressure in the crankcase decreases, the membrane moves 20 with the pestle 24 down and it results from a corresponding pivoting of the camshaft 27 leading to a first closure of the in 12 rightmost cyclones 3 and, if the crankcase pressure continues to drop, also the middle cyclone 3 leads.

If, starting from the illustrated state according to 12 As the crankcase pressure increases, this results in movement of the diaphragm 20 and the pestle 24 upward, causing an opposite rotation of the camshaft 27 with the cams 27 ' is caused. This opposite rotation of the camshaft 27 causes the actuator 26 for the in 12 very left cyclone 3 moves up and thus now the additional discharge channel 31 ' Releases for an effective and rapid pressure relief of the crankcase.

That in the individual cyclones 3 cleaned crankcase ventilation gas enters via one each 12 not visible clean gas outlet in the plenum 13 above. That in the cyclones 3 each separated oil flows under gravity through a respective oil outlet 35 and an oil drainage channel 15 , which lies in the background, off and is returned to the crankcase of the associated internal combustion engine.

13 shows the upper right part of the device 1 out 12 in cross section according to the section line XIII-XIII in 12 , Top in 13 is the membrane 20 with the plunger running down from it 24 , Under the membrane is the control spring 25 that the membrane 20 subjected to an upward biasing force. Over the membrane 20 there is the first chamber 21 communicating with the atmosphere via a throttle bore 21 ' communicated. Under the membrane 20 lies the second chamber 22 , where the crankcase pressure prevails.

At the bottom of 13 is the camshaft 27 recognizable in front view, with the lower end of the plunger 24 connected in the manner of a crank. A movement of the membrane 20 down due to a sinking crankcase pressure leads to a rotation of the camshaft 27 counterclockwise; a shift of the membrane 20 and the pestle 24 upwards due to an increasing crankcase pressure leads to a rotation of the camshaft 27 clockwise. According to the particular shape and pitch of the individual cams 27 ' on the camshaft 27 become the desired positioning movements of the actuators 26 (see 12 ) achieved. In this example of the device 1 thus form the membrane 20 , the pestle 24 and the camshaft 27 with the cams 27 ' the actuator 2 ' ,

Another embodiment of the device 1 is in 14 again shown in longitudinal section. The design and especially the size of the individual cyclones 3 is in the example according to 14 identical to the example according to 12 , Different, however, is the operation of the actuators 26 for the channels 31 . 31 ' , In contrast to all examples described above, here is every single channel 31 and the discharge channel 31 ' each with its own actuator 2 ' assigned. Every actuator 2 ' each includes its own membrane 20 , each at the same time the actuator 26 for the assigned single channel 31 and the discharge channel 31 ' forms. Above each membrane 20 each has its own first chamber 21 , each with a throttle bore 21 ' communicates with the atmosphere.

Below the membranes 20 is a common lower chamber 22 , at the same time the distribution room 12 for that by the inflow channel 11 inflowing crankcase ventilation gas is.

At the right and middle membrane of the device 1 according to 14 is in each case a control spring 25 below the membrane 20 and loads them with an upward biasing force. In the in 14 represented basic state are thus the individual channels 31 right and middle cyclone 3 open.

In contrast, in the ground state according to 14 , eg at standstill of the associated internal combustion engine, the left provided relief channel 31 ' locked. This is caused by a control spring 25 ' above the associated membrane 20 lies and this applied with a downward biasing force. This biasing force ensures that in the ground state the membrane 20 that is the actuator 26 forms, close to the front contour 32 ' the discharge channel 31 ' is applied.

With decreasing crankcase pressure is at the device 1 according to 14 first the right membrane 20 and with decreasing crankcase pressure also the middle diaphragm 20 moved down, creating initially the right single channel 31 and then the middle single channel 31 is closed. In this way, a desired increase in crankcase pressure is provided.

If, starting from the basic state, the crankcase pressure rises above a maximum target pressure, in addition to the right and middle single channel 31 now also as the third channel of the discharge channel 31 ' opened by means of the pressure difference, the membrane 20 from the discharge channel 31 ' upwards against the force of the control spring 25 ' is lifted. In this way, a rapid pressure relief of the crankcase is possible if necessary.

Each partial flow of the crankcase ventilation gas through one of the channels 31 . 31 ' each leads to an associated cyclone 3 where a separation of entrained oil droplets takes place. The cleaned crankcase vent gas exits the cyclones 3 in the collection room 13 out and out of this through the outflow channel 14 dissipated. The separated oil passes through the oil outlet 35 every cyclone 3 out and flows through assigned, lying in the background Ölabströmkanäle 15 back in the crankcase.

As for the device 1 according to 14 each at the top and bottom of all membranes 20 the same pressure prevails, it is also possible to carry out all Membra nen together in one piece. Such a device 1 show the 15 to 18 as the last embodiment.

From the in 15 illustrated longitudinal section through the device 1 it can be seen that this is a housing 10 has, in the upper part of a pressure control element 2 that the actuator 2 ' comprises, is housed and in the lower part of several oil mist separator in the form of here three cyclones 3 are housed. Seen in plan view, the housing 10 running around and has on its outer circumference two axially spaced sealing rings 16 , By means of these sealing rings 16 is the case 10 the device 1 in a component of an associated internal combustion engine, such as the valve cover or timing cover, sealingly used.

A downwardly open area of the upper part of the housing 10 forms an inflow channel 11 for the crankcase ventilation gas to be cleaned. The channel 11 flows upwards into a chamber 22 , the upper side by a membrane 20 is limited. Above the membrane 20 is one another chamber 21 , which is connected via a hole not visible here with the surrounding atmosphere.

Central under the membrane 20 is a control spring 25 that the membrane 20 subjected to an upward biasing force.

From the lower chamber 22 go a total of three individual channels 31 two of which are visible here. In the axial direction above the end faces 32 the individual channels 31 each is a specially shaped membrane area 20.1 . 20.2 (not visible here) and 20.3 , These membrane areas 20.1 to 20.3 form from the top of the mem brane 20 seen cup-like recesses, wherein the distance between the membrane areas 20.1 to 20.3 from the respectively associated single channel 31 is different in size in the axial direction.

Each single channel 31 flows down into each one associated cyclone 3 , The three cyclones 3 are here formed identical to each other and each have a peripheral wall 30 that have a whirlwind space 33 includes. The transition from the respective single channel 31 in the associated vertebral space 33 takes place tangentially to produce a good vortex flow. At the bottom everyone has a cyclone 3 an oil outlet 35 , by the oil separated from the crankcase ventilation gas downwards into an associated oil collecting space 36 can drip off. That in the cyclones 3 cleaned crankcase ventilation gas leaves these via a respective overhead clean gas outlet 34 and a downstream, not visible here common Reingasabströmkanal leading to the intake of the associated internal combustion engine.

If, starting from the in 15 illustrated state of the device 1 , the crankcase pressure drops, becomes the diaphragm 20 total downwards adjusted. In this case, after a certain adjustment, the membrane area first arrives 20.1 in sealing contact with the associated single channel 31 and close it. As the crankcase pressure decreases further, so will the other membrane areas 20.2 and then 20.3 , each one another single channel 31 are assigned, gradually moved downwards so far that they, too, the respective associated single channel 31 close. In this way, the pressure in the crankcase is maintained at a pressure within a desired pressure range and at the same time in the cyclones 3 the oil mist is separated from the crankcase ventilation gas.

16 shows the device 1 out 15 , now in perspective, cutaway view. In the upper part of the housing 10 the device 1 is again the pressure control element 2 with the actuator 2 ' recognizable. In the lower part of the housing 10 lie the three cyclones 3 ,

The upper side is the housing 10 through the lid 10 ' locked. Below the lid lies the membrane 20 with their membrane areas 20.1 . 20.2 (not visible here) and 20.3 , each with one of the individual channels 31 that act as inlets to the cyclones 3 lead, cooperate.

Above the membrane 20 lies the first chamber 21 , which is connected via a not visible here bore with the free atmosphere. Below the membrane 20 there is the second chamber 22 via the crankcase ventilation gas inflow channel 11 is in flow communication with a crankcase of an internal combustion engine, not shown here. In the second chamber 22 below the membrane 20 is also the control spring 25 placing the membrane in an upward direction, ie in the opening direction for the individual channels 31 , pointing force.

In the lower part of the housing 10 lie the three cyclones 3 each one through a peripheral wall 30 limited whirl space 33 exhibit. At the bottom of each of these is an oil outlet 35 from which in each cyclone 3 separated oil in a separately provided for each cyclone oil collecting space 36 in the lowest part of the housing 10 can drip off. From there can not be asked return lines lead to the oil sump an associated internal combustion engine.

That in the cyclones 3 Crankcase vent gas released from the entrained lubricating oil mist flows through each cyclone 3 an upper central clean gas outlet 34 from and is fed from there via channels or lines not visible here the intake tract of the associated internal combustion engine.

As the 16 clearly shows, is the case 10 formed in plan view around. At the outer periphery of the upper part of the housing 10 lie the two sealing rings 16 , with the help of which the device 1 can be used in total sealing in another component of the associated internal combustion engine.

17 shows the membrane 20 the device 1 according to the 15 and 16 for yourself in top view. Upper left is in the membrane 20 the membrane area 20.1 that with the first single channel 31 interacts. Down in the middle of the membrane 20 lies the second membrane area 20.2 that with the second single channel 31 interacts and top right in the membrane 20 Finally lies the third membrane area 20.3 that with the third single channel 31 interacts.

The radially outer region of the membrane 20 is as a clamping margin 28 trained and serves to the membrane 20 sealing between the top of the housing 10 and the lid 10 ' pinch. Radially inward from the clamping edge 29 lies in the membrane 20 a per se known and usual Rollfalz 29 , In addition, each membrane area 20.1 to 20.3 from its own smaller roll fold 29 ' surrounded to the above-mentioned separate Be movement of the membrane areas 20.1 to 20.3 relative to the rest of the membrane 20 to enable.

18 shows the membrane 20 out 17 in section along the line XVIII-XVIII in 17 , Far left and far right in 18 is each the clamping edge 28 the membrane 20 visible, noticeable. Radial inward closes at the roll fold 29 at. Still further inward then follow the three membrane areas 20.1 . 20.2 and 20.3 , each with one of the individual channels 31 (Comp. 15 and 16 ) interact. It is particularly clear 18 the different altitude of the individual membrane areas 20.1 to 20.3 relative to the rest of the membrane 20 out. As a result, when the pressure in the crankcase changes, the individual membrane areas 20.1 to 20.3 at different pressure levels the respective associated single channel 31 close or open. This can be a desired control characteristic by choosing suitable distances of the membrane areas 20.1 to 20.3 relative to the associated individual channels 31 be set.

The 19 shows a further embodiment of an embodiment of the device 1 in which again the membrane 20 at the same time the pressure control element 2 and the actuator 2 ' for adjusting the flow of crankcase vent gas to the total of two cyclones here 3 affected.

The membrane 20 is in a housing 10 arranged and by means of a Einspannrandes 28 between the case 10 and a lid that closes the top 10 ' clamped. The membrane 20 shares the interior of the case 10 in an upper chamber 21 and a lower chamber 22 , The upper chamber 21 is connected by an opening, not shown here with the outside atmosphere. In the lower chamber 22 an inflow channel opens 11 , by the institution 1 from the crankcase of an associated internal combustion engine coming crankcase ventilation gas can be fed.

In the lower chamber 22 is still a rule spring 25 , which with its lower end to the housing 10 and with its upper end at the bottom of the membrane 20 supported. Immediately radially inward from its clamping edge 28 owns the membrane 20 a circumferential roll fold, by means of which the membrane 20 depending on the pressure difference between the chambers 21 and 22 is adjustable in position.

In the lower chamber 22 There are also two inlets 31 in a concentric arrangement with each other, with one inlet each 31 to each one of the two cyclones 3 leads. On its up-facing side are the inlets 31 each with a frontal contour 32 formed concentric with each other with respect to the underside of the membrane 20 lie.

In her over the inlets 31 lying, radially seen central part has the membrane 20 two concentric membrane regions 20.1 and 20.2 , The radially outer membrane area 20.1 acts with the radially outer inlet 31 together; the radially inner membrane area 20.2 acts with the radially inner, central inlet 31 for in the 19 right cyclone 3 together. In addition, the clarifies 19 in that the membrane 20 in its central part with its membrane areas 20.1 and 20.2 has a downward curvature.

If, starting from the in 19 shown state of the device 1 , the pressure of the crankcase ventilation gas in the lower chamber 22 decreases, the membrane becomes 20 due to the pressure difference against the force of the control spring 25 down towards the frontal contours 32 the two inlets 31 emotional. During this movement, the central membrane area first arrives 20.2 close to and finally in contact with the central inlet 31 and its frontal contour 32 , This becomes the central inlet 31 locked and thus is a flow path for the crankcase ventilation gas only through the outer inlet 31 and the in 19 left cyclone 3 free.

The pressure of the crankcase ventilation gas in the lower chamber drops 22 even farther off, the membrane becomes 20 overall even further down, which then also the radially outer membrane area 20.1 to the radially outer inlet 31 and its radially outer face contour 32 invests. In this condition, there is then no flow path for the crankcase ventilation gas through one of the cyclones 3 more free, which then leads to a desired increase in the pressure in the crankcase of the internal combustion engine.

When pressure rises above a predeterminable limit, the membrane becomes 20 from the inlets 31 moved away, wherein first the radially outer inlet 31 to the in 19 left arranged cyclone 3 and then the central entrance 31 to the in 19 right arranged cyclone 3 is released again.

The inlets 31 open tangentially into a respective vortex space 33 in the interior of the two cyclones 3 one. The whirl space 33 is each by a peripheral wall 30 bordered on the outside. From inside every cyclone 3 lying vortex space 33 The purified crankcase vent gas, freed of oil mist, passes up through the clean gas outlet 34 finally in a discharge channel 14 for the crankcase ventilation gas. In this example, each cyclone has 3 a separate outflow channel 14 that lead either separately or after merging to a channel to the intake of the associated internal combustion engine.

That in the cyclones 3 oil separated by the centrifugal force flows on the inner surface of the peripheral wall 30 down and through an oil outlet 35 from. Every oil outlet 35 leads either via a not shown here own or common oil collection room or directly into the oil pan of the associated internal combustion engine.

The two cyclones 3 have, like that 19 clearly shows different sizes, with the cyclone shown on the left 3 smaller than the cyclone shown on the right 3 , Thus, each cyclone is designed for a specific throughput of crankcase ventilation gas. Accordingly, the cross section of the central inlet 31 for the larger cyclone 3 slightly larger than that of the radially outer second lying inlet 32 that with the left, smaller cyclone 3 connected is.

20 shows a further embodiment of the device 1 , this is shown schematically here in the form of a block diagram. All to the facility 1 belonging parts lie within the dashed frame. Above the facility 1 is a section of an intake tract 4 an associated internal combustion engine shown. The intake tract 4 leads from an unrepresented air filter to the internal combustion engine, also not shown, and leads the machine to the fresh air needed for combustion.

Through an inflow line 11 , which is connected to the crankcase of the associated internal combustion engine, crankcase ventilation gas flows to the device 1 and first enters a distribution room there 12 , From the distribution room 12 The crankcase ventilation gas, which still carries oil mist with it, by means of at least one actuator 2 ' comprehensive pressure control element 2 on several, here altogether four oil separators 3 distributed in the form of cyclones. Depending on the pressure of the crankcase ventilation gas is thereby a larger or smaller number of the separator 3 flows through. For this purpose, one inlet each 31 each separator 3 with the distribution room 12 connected. In the distribution room 12 is at least one actuator, in the manner explained above with the inlets 31 cooperates to open and close pressure dependent.

In each traversed by the crankcase ventilation gas separator 3 entrained oil is separated from the gas. The separated oil flows under gravity down through each oil outlet 35 from the separators 3 from and enters a common Ölabströmkanal 15 who is the decor 1 leaves down and preferably opens into the oil pan of the associated internal combustion engine.

The de-oiled crankcase ventilation gas leaves each traversed separator 3 at the top by a clean gas outlet 34 ,

The clean gas outlets 34 the two in 20 left arranged separator 3 be in a first collection room 13 ' brought together; the de-oiled crankcase ventilation gas from the two in 20 on the right arranged separators 3 passes through their clean gas outlets 34 in a second collection room 13 " ,

The first collection room 13 ' is via a first outflow channel 14 ' with a first intake section 4.1 connected, seen in the flow direction, the intake air in front of a throttle valve 40 in the intake tract 4 lies. The second collection room 13 " is via a second outflow channel 14 " with an intake tract area 4.2 connected, seen in the flow direction of the intake air behind the throttle 40 lies.

In the embodiment of the device 1 according to 20 Thus, the de-oiled crankcase ventilation gas from the two in 20 left arranged separators 3 in any case in front of the throttle 40 in the intake tract 4 while the de-oiled crankcase ventilation gas from the two in 20 on the right arranged separators 3 always behind the throttle 40 in the intake tract 4 arrives. The allocation of the deoiled crankcase ventilation gas in the two areas 4.1 and 4.2 the intake tract 4 takes place here via the pressure control element 2 and the actuator 2 ' within the distribution room 12 arranged therein, not visible here actuator, the cross section of the inlets 31 all separators 3 adjusted pressure dependent, here opens and closes.

21 shows in the same representation as the 20 a modification of the device 1 , Again, the parts of the device 1 arranged within a dashed frame. The crankcase ventilation gas to be de-oiled also passes through the inflow channel 11 first in the distribution room 12 , from where it depends on pressure of the pressure control element 2 and the associated actuator 2 ' and the non-visible actuator to a larger or smaller number of here also a total of four oil mist separator 3 is distributed. The oil mist separators 3 are also designed here as cyclones and each have an inlet 31 with the distribution room 12 connected.

That in the separators 3 separated oil leaves the separator 3 via one oil outlet each 35 and passes through the common Ölabströmkanal 15 in the oil pan of the internal combustion engine.

The de-oiled crankcase ventilation gas leaves the separator 3 via a clean gas outlet 34 , where all four clean gas outlets 34 in a common collection room 13 lead. From the collection room 13 leads a discharge channel 14 to a switch element 17 which is adjustable between at least two positions.

On the output side are with the switch element 17 a first and a second outflow branch 14.1 and 14.2 connected. The channel branch 14.1 flows into an area 4.1 the intake tract 4 , in front of the throttle 40 lies; the channel branch 14.2 flows into an area 4.2 the intake tract 4 , seen in the flow direction of the intake air behind the throttle 40 lies.

The supply of the deoiled crankcase ventilation gas in the area 4.1 or in the area 4.2 takes place here depending on the position of the switch element 17 , The switch element 17 depends, for example, on the pressure conditions in the intake tract 4 or alternatively adjustable via a map control stored in an existing engine electronics.

To avoid disturbing erroneous flows against the desired flow direction in the channel branches 14.1 and 14.2 is in these ever a check valve 18 intended.

The 22 shows in the same representation as the 20 and 21 another embodiment of the device 1 Regarding the flow guidance and treatment of the crankcase ventilation gas up to the clean gas outlets 34 with the previously based on the 20 and 21 matches described.

New is the decor 1 according to 22 that every clean gas outlet 34 each a separate switch element 17 ' assigned. On the output side, all points elements 17 ' on the one hand with a first outflow channel 14 ' and on the other hand with a second outflow channel 14 " connected. Every switch element 17 ' is adjustable between at least two positions, whereby each of the clean gas outlet 34 incoming gas flow either the first outflow channel 14 ' or the second outflow channel 14 " is supplied.

The first outflow channel 14 ' flows into the area 4.1 the intake tract 4 , seen in the flow direction of the intake air in front of the throttle 40 lies. The second discharge channel 14 " flows into the area 4.2 the intake tract 4 , which is in the flow direction of the intake air behind the throttle 40 lies.

The adjustment of the individual switch elements 17 ' also takes place here appropriately according to the pressure conditions in the intake system 4 , Alternatively, the adjustment of the switch elements 17 ' done by means of an electronic map control.

According to different operating conditions of the associated internal combustion engine, situations occur in which either in the range 4.1 or in the area 4.2 the lowest pressure in the intake tract 4 prevails. The introduction of the deoiled crankcase ventilation gases is expediently carried out in the region of the intake tract 4 with the currently lowest pressure to the greatest possible pressure difference for the oil mist separation in the separators 3 to have available.

In all embodiments of the device described above 1 a structural and functional integration of crankcase pressure control and oil mist separation is achieved from the crankcase ventilation gas, which, apart from Einströmverlusten in the oil mist 3 , In principle, always the entire pressure difference between the crankcase and intake of the associated internal combustion engine for the oil mist separation in the individual Ölnebelabscheidern 3 is available.

Claims (44)

Facility ( 1 ) for the regulation of the pressure in the crankcase of an internal combustion engine, with at least one pressure control element ( 2 ), with which a flow cross section for the device ( 1 ) flowing through crankcase ventilation gas is dependent on the current pressure so changeable that in the crankcase a predetermined negative pressure compared to the ambient air pressure is maintained, the device ( 1 ) for de-oiling the crankcase ventilation gas at least one oil mist separator arranged in the flow path thereof ( 3 ), wherein in the device ( 1 ) the flow cross-section to a plurality of individual channels ( 31 ) and wherein by the at least one pressure control element ( 2 ) the cross-section of each individual channel ( 31 ) Is changeable, characterized gekennzeich net , that at least one single channel ( 31 ) a separate oil mist separator ( 3 ) and that the pressure control element ( 2 ) a pressure-controlled actuator ( 2 ' ) with at least one with the individual channels ( 31 ) interacting with its cross-sectional change actuator ( 26 ). Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that each individual channel ( 31 ) each have their own oil mist separator ( 3 ) is assigned directly. Device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that by the at least one pressure control element ( 2 ) depending on the current pressure of the crankcase ventilation gas, a more or less large number of individual channels ( 31 ) is either releasable or lockable. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that, in an initial state in which there is a pressure in a desired pressure range in the crankcase, several or all individual channels ( 31 ) are open and that, in contrast, decreasing pressure in the crankcase an increasing number of individual channels ( 31 ) is lockable. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in addition to the individual channels ( 31 ) at least one additional discharge channel ( 31 ' ) is provided. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the discharge channel ( 31 ) a separate oil mist separator ( 3 ) is assigned directly. Device according to Claim 5 or 6, characterized in that, in an initial state in which a pressure prevails in the crankcase in a desired pressure range, a plurality of individual channels ( 31 ) or all individual channels ( 31 ) are open and the discharge channel ( 31 ' ) is concluded that, in contrast, decreasing pressure in the crankcase an increasing number of individual channels ( 31 ) is lockable and that at above a maximum target pressure increasing pressure in the crankcase of the discharge channel ( 31 ' ) is releasable. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the oil mist separators ( 3 ) respectively in the flow direction of the crankcase ventilation gas behind the pressure control element ( 2 ) are arranged. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the oil mist separators ( 3 ) in each case in the flow direction of the crankcase ventilation gas before the pressure control element ( 2 ) are arranged. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a single actuator ( 2 ' ) is provided, with which a common actuator ( 26 ) for all individual channels ( 31 ) or for this and for the at least one discharge channel ( 31 ' ) is adjustable. Device according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that a single actuator ( 2 ' ) is provided, with each one actuator ( 26 ) for each single channel ( 31 ) or for this and for the at least one discharge channel ( 31 ' ) is adjustable. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that for each individual channel ( 31 ) or for this and for the at least one discharge channel ( 31 ' ) each have their own actuator ( 2 ' ) is provided, with which the actuator ( 26 ) for the associated single channel ( 31 ) or for this and for the at least one discharge channel ( 31 ' ) is adjustable. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the actuator ( 2 ' ) is a mechanical-pneumatic actuator, which is adjusted depending on the pressure difference between a reference pressure and the pressure in the crankcase. Device according to one of Claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the actuator ( 2 ' ) is a powered by external energy, controlled by at least one pressure sensor actuator which is adjusted depending on the pressure difference between a reference pressure and the pressure in the crankcase. Device according to claim 13 or 14, characterized that the Reference pressure of the atmospheric Is air pressure or a presettable by a pressure transducer pressure. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each individual channel ( 31 ) or these and the at least one discharge channel ( 31 ' ) each a section with a front contour ( 32 . 32 ' ), relative to which the actuator ( 26 ) is adjustable by approach and distance. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each oil mist separator ( 3 ) with its own collection container or space ( 36 ) is provided for collecting the separated oil. Device according to claim 17, characterized ge indicates that at least part of the collection containers or rooms ( 36 ) each with an automatically switching check valve ( 37 ) is provided. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the oil mist separators ( 3 ) are designed as cyclone separators. Device according to claim 19, characterized in that the cyclone separators ( 3 ) are dimensioned relatively large relative to each other. Device according to claim 20, characterized in that each cyclone separator through which additional crankcase pressure flows ( 3 ) in each case the next larger cyclone separator ( 3 ) or that each with additional crankcase pressure additionally flowed cyclone separator ( 3 ) in each case the next smaller cyclone separator ( 3 ). Device according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the / each actuator ( 26 ) is formed of a resilient metal sheet, preferably with a sheet thickness of 0.05 to 1 mm. Device according to one of claims 1 to 21, characterized in that the / each actuator ( 26 ) is formed from a flat fabric-reinforced epoxy resin material, preferably with a material thickness of 0.3 to 2 mm. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the / each actuator ( 26 ) is adjustable between two or more positions so that the connection or disconnection of each individual channel ( 31 ) or each single and discharge channel ( 31 . 31 ' ) takes place abruptly without the relevant channel ( 31 . 31 ' ) is only partially open. Device according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the with the actuator ( 26 ) each cooperating sections of the individual channels ( 31 ) or the individual channels ( 31 ) and the discharge channel ( 31 ' ) are arranged in a straight line in series and that the actuator ( 26 ) has the shape of an elongated, straight tongue which extends over the sections. Device according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the with the actuator ( 26 ) each cooperating sections of the individual channels ( 31 ) or the individual channels ( 31 ) and the discharge channel ( 31 ' ) are arranged in a straight line in series and that the actuator ( 26 ) in the form of a plurality of cam-actuated tongues, each tongue extending over each section. Device according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the with the actuator ( 26 ) each cooperating sections of the individual channels ( 31 ) or the individual channels ( 31 ) and the discharge channel ( 31 ' ) are arranged on a curved line in a circular or part-circular shape and that the actuator ( 26 ) has the shape of a suitably running in circular or circular shape, correspondingly long tongue which extends over the sections. Device according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the with the actuator ( 26 ) each cooperating sections of the individual channels ( 31 ) or the individual channels ( 31 ) and the discharge channel ( 31 ' ) are arranged on a curved line in a circular or part-circular shape and that the actuator ( 26 ) has the form of a suitably star-shaped or spoke-shaped tongue arrangement, each tongue extending over each section. Device according to one of claims 1 to 24, characterized in that the actuator ( 26 ) as a flexible membrane ( 20 ) is formed, the plurality of membrane areas ( 20.1 . 20.2 . 20.3 ), each with a portion of the individual channels ( 31 ) or the individual channels ( 31 ) and the discharge channel ( 31 ' ) interact. Device according to Claim 29, characterized in that the membrane regions ( 20.1 . 20.2 . 20.3 ) of the membrane ( 20 ) are distributed over their surface next to each other and that with the membrane areas ( 20.1 . 20.2 . 20.3 ) each cooperating sections of the individual channels ( 31 ) or the individual channels ( 31 ) and the discharge channel ( 31 ' ) are juxtaposed in a corresponding arrangement. Device according to Claim 29, characterized in that the membrane regions ( 20.1 . 20.2 . 20.3 ) of the membrane ( 20 ) are concentric with each other in their surface and that with the membrane areas ( 20.1 . 20.2 . 20.3 ) each cooperating sections of the individual channels ( 31 ) or the individual channels ( 31 ) and the discharge channel ( 31 ' ) are concentric with each other in a corresponding arrangement. Device according to one of Claims 29 to 31, characterized in that the membrane regions ( 20.1 . 20.2 . 20.3 ) each occupy a different altitude relative to each other and relative to the rest of the membrane ( 20 ) are each flexibly deflectable. Device according to one of claims 29 to 32, characterized in that the actuator ( 26 ) forming flexible membrane ( 20 ) at the same time the membrane ( 20 ) of a membrane pressure regulating valve, the pressure regulating element ( 2 ) of the institution ( 1 ). Device according to one of claims 1 to 33, characterized in that the / each actuator ( 26 ) with a sealing effect relative to the individual channels ( 31 ) or to the individual channels ( 31 ) and to the discharge channel ( 31 ' ) increasing coating ( 26 ' ), such as elastomer, and / or is provided with the sealing effect increasing additional elements and / or with a sealing effect increasing geometry. Device according to one of claims 1 to 34, characterized in that the with the actuator ( 26 ) each cooperating regions of the individual channels ( 31 ) or the individual channels ( 31 ) and the discharge channel ( 31 ' ) with a sealing effect relative to the actuator ( 26 ) increasing coating ( 32.1 . 32.1 '), such as elastomer, and / or are provided with the sealing effect increasing additional elements and / or with a sealing effect increasing geometry. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the / each actuator ( 26 ) with at least one vibration of the actuator ( 26 ) is provided preventing or reducing absorber mass. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the / each actuator ( 26 ) has a layer structure, wherein preferably between two outer layers ( 26.1 ) a damping, oscillations of the actuator ( 26 ) preventing or reducing medium ( 26.2 ) is located. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the device ( 1 ) at least one of the oil mist separators ( 3 ) upstream pre-separator for the separation of large oil particles is integrated. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device ( 1 ) is arranged in a in the operation of the associated internal combustion engine of this heated area or that in the device ( 1 ) one at least the oil mist separator ( 3 ) heating is integrated. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two groups of oil mist separators ( 3 ) are provided that each oil mist separator ( 3 ) a clean gas outlet ( 34 ), that the clean gas outlets ( 34 ) of the first group of oil mist separators ( 3 ) directly or via a first collecting space ( 13 ' ) in a common first outflow channel ( 14 ' ) indicate that the clean gas outlets ( 34 ) of the second group of oil mist separators ( 3 ) directly or via a second collecting space ( 13 " ) in a common second outflow channel ( 14 " ) and that the first outflow channel ( 14 ' ) and the second outflow channel ( 14 " ) into two different sections ( 4.1 . 4.2 ) of the intake tract ( 4 ) lead the associated internal combustion engine. Device according to one of claims 1 to 39, characterized in that a plurality of oil mist separators ( 3 ) are provided that each oil mist separator ( 3 ) a clean gas outlet ( 34 ), that the clean gas outlets ( 34 ) via a collecting space ( 13 ) or directly into a common outflow channel ( 14 ), that the outflow channel ( 14 ) into at least two different sections ( 4.1 . 4.2 ) of the intake tract ( 4 ) of the associated internal combustion engine leading channel branches ( 14.1 . 14.2 ) is branched and that at the branching point at least one adjustable switch element ( 17 ) is arranged. Device according to one of claims 1 to 39, characterized in that a plurality of oil mist separators ( 3 ) are provided that each oil mist separator ( 3 ) a clean gas outlet ( 34 ), that at least two outflow channels ( 14 ' . 14 " ) are provided, wherein the first outflow channel ( 14 ' ) and the second outflow channel ( 14 " ) into two different sections ( 4.1 . 4.2 ) of the intake tract ( 4 ) lead the associated internal combustion engine, and that each clean gas outlet ( 34 ) each have a switch element ( 17 ' ) optionally with the first outflow channel ( 14 ' ) or with the second outflow channel ( 14 " ) or with both outflow channels ( 14 ' . 14 " ) is connectable. Device according to one of claims 40 to 42, characterized in that in one or more or all outflow channels ( 14 . 14 ' . 14 " ) (each) a check valve ( 18 ) is arranged. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized characterized in that they in a valve cover or in a timing case cover or in an oil filter module the internal combustion engine is integrated.