EP0546247A1 - Device for feeding measured quantities of volatile fuel components to the intake conduit of an internal combustion machine - Google Patents

Device for feeding measured quantities of volatile fuel components to the intake conduit of an internal combustion machine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0546247A1
EP0546247A1 EP92111096A EP92111096A EP0546247A1 EP 0546247 A1 EP0546247 A1 EP 0546247A1 EP 92111096 A EP92111096 A EP 92111096A EP 92111096 A EP92111096 A EP 92111096A EP 0546247 A1 EP0546247 A1 EP 0546247A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
valve
intake pipe
internal combustion
outlet opening
valve seat
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Granted
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EP92111096A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0546247B1 (en
Inventor
Joachim Heinemann
Reinhard Tinz
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Carl Freudenberg KG
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Carl Freudenberg KG
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M25/0836—Arrangement of valves controlling the admission of fuel vapour to an engine, e.g. valve being disposed between fuel tank or absorption canister and intake manifold
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/08—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding fuel vapours drawn from engine fuel reservoir
    • F02M2025/0845—Electromagnetic valves

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for the temporary storage and metered feeding of the volatile fuel components located in the free space of a tank system into the intake pipe of an internal combustion engine, comprising a vent line connecting the free space with the atmosphere, in which a storage chamber with an absorption element is arranged, and at least one the storage chamber with the intake pipe connecting line, which can be closed by an electromagnetically actuated valve, the valve having at least one inlet opening and at least one outlet opening, a main and an auxiliary valve seat being provided between the inlet and outlet opening, the auxiliary valve seat being closable by a vacuum adjuster and wherein the vacuum adjuster can be actuated by a differential pressure.
  • Such a device is known for example from DE-OS 39 09 887. It describes a method for checking the controllability of a tank ventilation valve, via which an additional air quantity loaded with fuel vapors can be fed to the intake area of an internal combustion engine.
  • the device and in particular the valve cannot be used with supercharged internal combustion engines. Due to the different pressures within the intake pipe depending on the respective load conditions of the internal combustion engine, satisfactory performance characteristics cannot be achieved over the entire load range.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a device of the type mentioned in such a way that the device can be used in connection with supercharged internal combustion engines, is simple and inexpensive to manufacture, has compact dimensions and is characterized by good properties during a long period of use.
  • the valve has two outlet openings, one of the outlet openings being connected in a flow-conducting manner to the low-pressure region of the charger and the other outlet opening being in a flow-conducting connection to the intake pipe, the outlet openings in each case a check valve is assigned, which can only be flowed through in the direction of the charger or the intake pipe.
  • a supercharger in the sense of the present invention is to be understood as a compressor which can be formed, for example, by a turbocharger, a mechanically driven G-supercharger or a Roots blower.
  • the construction of the device according to the invention is very simple and expensive switching devices which could interfere with reliable operation of the device are unnecessary.
  • the device is characterized by a few components to be connected and the switchover from suction to charger operation takes place automatically. Thanks to the diaphragm pilot control, there is very good fine metering in the area close to idling during suction operation.
  • the design of the valve, the first outlet opening being connected only to the low-pressure region of the supercharger and the second outlet opening being connected only to the intake pipe, in the flow direction behind the throttle valve, requires good performance properties of the device.
  • the first check valve of the first outlet opening closes automatically due to the pressure difference, so that a short circuit circuit through the valve is reliably avoided becomes.
  • the second outlet opening is opened and the volatile fuel components and the fuel / air mixture are conveyed into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine with excess pressure.
  • the main valve seat is provided with an electrically actuable drive, the drive preferably being connected in a signal-conducting manner to a diagnostic block.
  • the diagnostic block has signal inputs and signal outputs that are required for monitoring the correct functioning of the device.
  • the input data can be formed, for example, by characteristic values that are available in any case for electronic engine management that is used. Irregularities within the device are used to monitor the device when crossing an arbitrary one specified threshold value, which describes the tolerance between actual and target value, displayed on a display instrument.
  • the first outlet opening is connected downstream of the auxiliary valve seat and the second outlet opening is downstream of the main valve seat.
  • the advantage here is that in charging operation bypassing the vacuum adjuster, higher amounts of volatile fuel components can be disposed of from the absorption element, since there are fewer throttling points.
  • the check valves within the outlet openings are preferably formed by conventional elastomer components.
  • the auxiliary valve seat can be closed by a vacuum adjuster made of elastomeric material and that the vacuum adjuster has a support collar which rests on the one hand on a bellows-shaped actuating membrane and on the other hand on a compression spring. Due to the bellows-like design of the actuating membrane, stresses reducing the service life within the membrane are reliably avoided and the service life is increased. The design of the control membrane also requires a particularly sensitive regulation of the mass flow of volatile fuel components through the auxiliary valve seat.
  • the check valves are spring-loaded and can be actuated by differential pressure.
  • the check valves can be automatically brought into engagement with a respective sealing seat arranged in the area of the outlet openings and thereby close the outlet openings.
  • the check valves can be formed, for example, by spring-loaded ball valves or by elastically deformable reed valves which, when not subjected to differential pressure, close the sealing seat under elastic pretension.
  • the vacuum adjuster can be effective against the spring force of a compression spring arranged in the valve. A good adaptation to the respective circumstances and the application is dependent on this configuration.
  • a valve which is constructed in the same way can be adapted comparatively easily to different internal combustion engines and tank systems by using compression springs with different spring characteristics.
  • the main valve seat can be provided with an electrically actuable drive, the drive being provided with electrical connections and the connections being connected in a signal-conducting manner to a diagnostic block.
  • the diagnostic block which can form part of a map of an engine control, for example, controls the opening cross section of the main valve seat and thus the volume flow of volatile fuel components into the intake pipe of the internal combustion engine depending on the most varied input variables.
  • the diagnostic block can be connected, for example, to control instruments that can be integrated in the dashboard. If an arbitrarily defined threshold value, which describes the difference between the setpoint value and the actual value, is exceeded, visual and / or acoustic signals can draw attention to this maladministration.
  • the input signals of the diagnostic block can be formed, for example, by the position of the throttle valve, the speed of the internal combustion engine, various temperatures and pressures inside and outside the internal combustion engine and the exhaust gas composition. Other input and output variables are also conceivable.
  • FIG. 1 The device according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG. 1
  • FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a valve which can be used in the device according to FIG. 1.
  • the device shown in FIG. 1 comprises an internal combustion engine 4 charged by a charger 16, a throttle valve 22, shown enlarged, being arranged in the intake pipe 3.
  • the air that is supplied to the internal combustion engine 4 is previously passed through an air filter 23.
  • the valve 10 is shown only schematically in FIG. 1 and in its outer contours. It has two outlet openings 12.1, 12.2 and an inlet opening 11, which are connected via a line 9 to the absorption element 8 in the storage chamber 7.
  • the volatile fuel components from the free space 1 of the tank system 2 reach the absorption element 8 via a ventilation line 6.
  • the volatile fuel components get from the free space 1 and the absorption element 8 through line 9 into the valve 10.
  • the volatile fuel components flow through the first outlet opening 12.1 and are sucked in by the negative pressure in the intake pipe 3 of the internal combustion engine 4.
  • the volatile fuel components are fed in in the direction of flow behind the throttle valve 22 Loader operation, at partial load or full load, when there is a relative excess pressure within the intake pipe 3, the first check valve 17 closes the passage of the first outlet opening 12.1 and the volatile fuel components pass the second check valve 18 of the second outlet opening 12.2 in the direction of the charger 16.
  • the volatile Fuel components like the fuel-air mixture, are conveyed into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine 4 with excess pressure.
  • the diagnostic block 21 and the display instrument 24 serve to monitor and control the device according to the invention. Depending on input variables, the passage of volatile fuel components through the main valve seat 13 is regulated by the drive 20, which is connected to the diagnostic block 21 in a signal-conducting manner.
  • valve 10 from the device according to the invention is shown enlarged as a single part in a section.
  • the valve 10 has a drive 20 for actuating the main valve.
  • the drive 20 is connected in a signal-conducting manner to a diagnostic block, not shown here, and regulates the flow depending on parameters entered in the diagnostic block.
  • the auxiliary valve is formed by a vacuum adjuster 15, which controls the flow through the auxiliary valve seat 14, operated by differential pressure.
  • a check valve 17, 18 is arranged in each of the two outlet openings 12.1, 12.2, the check valves in this exemplary embodiment being formed by elastically deformable tongue valves. Instead of these valves, it is also possible, for example, to use commercially available spring check ball valves. External switching of the check valves 17, 18 within the outlet openings 12.1, 12.2 is unnecessary with this configuration.
  • the auxiliary valve seat 14 is conical and, if necessary, can be brought into engagement with a conical closure member made of elastomeric material.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized by a simple structure, few individual parts and economical producibility. In addition, good performance characteristics of the device are ensured when used with an internal combustion engine charged by a supercharger for a long period of use.

Abstract

Vorrichtung zum vorübergehenden Speichern und dosierten Einspeisen der im Freiraum (1) einer Tankanlage (2) befindlichen flüchtigen Kraftstoffbestandteile in das Ansaugrohr (3) einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine (4), umfassend eine den Freiraum (1) mit der Atmosphäre (5) verbindende Entlüftungsleitung (6), in der eine Speicherkammer (7) mit einem Absorptionselement (8) angeordnet ist, sowie zumindest eine die Speicherkammer (7) mit dem Ansaugrohr (3) verbindende Leitung (9), die durch ein elektromagnetisch betätigbares Ventil (10) verschließbar ist, wobei das Ventil (10) zumindest eine Einlaßöffnung (11) und zumindest eine Auslaßöffnung (12) aufweist, wobei zwischen Ein- (11) und Auslaßöffnung (12) ein Haupt- (13) und ein Hilfsventilsitz (14) vorgesehen sind, wobei der Hilfsventilsitz (14) durch einen Unterdruckversteller (15) verschließbar ist und wobei der Unterdruckversteller (15) durch einen Differenzdruck betätigbar ist. Das Ventil (10) weist in bezug auf eine Verwendung der Vorrichtung bei einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine (4), die durch einen Lader (16) aufladbar ist, zwei Auslaßöffnungen (12.1, 12.2) auf, wobei eine der Auslaßöffnungen (12.2) strömungsleitend mit dem Niederdruckbereich des Laders (16) und die andere Auslaßöffnung (12.1) strömungsleitend mit dem Ansaugrohr (3) verbunden ist. Den Auslaßöffnungen (12.1, 12.2) ist jeweils ein Rückschlagventil (17, 18) zugeordnet, das nur in Richtung des Laders (16) bzw. des Ansaugrohres (3) durchströmbar ist. <IMAGE>Device for temporarily storing and feeding the volatile fuel components located in the free space (1) of a tank system (2) into the intake pipe (3) of an internal combustion engine (4), comprising a ventilation line (6) connecting the free space (1) with the atmosphere (5) ), in which a storage chamber (7) with an absorption element (8) is arranged, as well as at least one line (9) connecting the storage chamber (7) with the intake pipe (3), which can be closed by an electromagnetically actuated valve (10), wherein the valve (10) has at least one inlet opening (11) and at least one outlet opening (12), a main (13) and an auxiliary valve seat (14) being provided between the inlet (11) and outlet opening (12), the Auxiliary valve seat (14) can be closed by a vacuum adjuster (15) and the vacuum adjuster (15) can be actuated by a differential pressure. The valve (10) has two outlet openings (12.1, 12.2) with respect to the use of the device in an internal combustion engine (4) which can be charged by a charger (16), one of the outlet openings (12.2) flowing with the low pressure region of the charger (16) and the other outlet opening (12.1) is connected in a flow-conducting manner to the intake pipe (3). A check valve (17, 18) is assigned to the outlet openings (12.1, 12.2) and can only be flowed through in the direction of the charger (16) or the intake pipe (3). <IMAGE>

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum vorübergehenden Speichern und dosierten Einspeisen der im Freiraum einer Tankanlage befindlichen flüchtigen Kraftstoffbestandteile in das Ansaugrohr einer Verbrenunngskraftmaschine, umfassend eine den Freiraum mit der Atmosphäre verbindende Entlüftungsleitung, in der eine Speicherkammer mit einem Absorptionselement angeordnet ist, sowie zumindest eine die Speicherkammer mit dem Ansaugrohr verbindenden Leitung, die durch ein elektromagnetisch betätigbares Ventil verschließbar ist, wobei das Ventil zumindest eine Einlaßöffnung und zumindest eine Auslaßöffnung aufweist, wobei zwischen Ein- und Auslaßöffnung ein Haupt- und ein Hilfsventilsitz vorgesehen sind, wobei der Hilfsventilsitz durch einen Unterdruckversteller verschließbar ist und wobei der Unterdruckversteller durch einen Differenzdruck betätigbar ist.The invention relates to a device for the temporary storage and metered feeding of the volatile fuel components located in the free space of a tank system into the intake pipe of an internal combustion engine, comprising a vent line connecting the free space with the atmosphere, in which a storage chamber with an absorption element is arranged, and at least one the storage chamber with the intake pipe connecting line, which can be closed by an electromagnetically actuated valve, the valve having at least one inlet opening and at least one outlet opening, a main and an auxiliary valve seat being provided between the inlet and outlet opening, the auxiliary valve seat being closable by a vacuum adjuster and wherein the vacuum adjuster can be actuated by a differential pressure.

Eine solche Vorrichtung ist beispielsweise aus der DE-OS 39 09 887 bekannt. Darin wird ein Verfahren für die Überprüfung der Ansteuerbarkeit eines Tankentlüftungsventils beschrieben, über das eine mit Kraftstoffdämpfen beladene Zusatzluftmenge dem Ansaugbereich einer Brennkraftmaschine zuführbar ist.Such a device is known for example from DE-OS 39 09 887. It describes a method for checking the controllability of a tank ventilation valve, via which an additional air quantity loaded with fuel vapors can be fed to the intake area of an internal combustion engine.

Dabei ist allerdings zu beachten, daß die Vorrichtung und insbesondere das Ventil bei aufgeladenen Verbrennungskraftmaschinen nicht zur Anwendung gelangen können. Durch die in Abhängigkeit von den jeweiligen Belastungszuständen der Verbrennungskraftmaschine unterschiedlichen Drücke innerhalb des Ansaugrohres sind befriedigende Gebrauchseigenschaften über den gesamten Lastbereich nicht erreichbar.It should be noted, however, that the device and in particular the valve cannot be used with supercharged internal combustion engines. Due to the different pressures within the intake pipe depending on the respective load conditions of the internal combustion engine, satisfactory performance characteristics cannot be achieved over the entire load range.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art derart weiterzuentwickeln, daß die Vorrichtung in Verbindung mit aufgeladenen Verbrennungskraftmaschinen zur Anwendung gelangen kann, dabei einfach und kostengünstig herstellbar ist, kompakte Abmessungen aufweist und durch gute Gebrauchseigenschaften während einer langen Gebrauchsdauer gekennzeichnet ist.The invention has for its object to develop a device of the type mentioned in such a way that the device can be used in connection with supercharged internal combustion engines, is simple and inexpensive to manufacture, has compact dimensions and is characterized by good properties during a long period of use.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß bei einer Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen von Anspruch 1 gelöst. Auf vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen nehmen die Unteransprüche Bezug.This object is achieved in a device of the type mentioned with the characterizing features of claim 1. The subclaims refer to advantageous configurations.

Das Ventil weist in bezug auf eine Verwendung der Vorrichtung bei einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine, die durch einen Lader aufladbar ist, zwei Auslaßöffnungen auf, wobei eine der Auslaßöffnungen strömungsleitend mit dem Niederdruckbereich des Laders und die andere Auslaßöffnung strömungsleitend mit den Ansaugrohr verbunden ist, wobei den Auslaßöffnungen jeweils ein Rückschlagventil zugeordnet ist, das nur in Richtung des Laders bzw. des Ansaugrohres durchströmbar ist. Unter einem Lader im Sinne der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Verdichter zu verstehen, der beispielsweise durch einen Turbolader, einen mechanisch angetriebenen G-Lader oder ein Roots-Gebläse gebildet sein kann. Der Aufbau der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung ist sehr einfach und aufwendige Umschaltvorrichtungen, die einen zuverlässigen Betrieb der Vorrichtung stören könnten, sind entbehrlich. Außerdem zeichnet sich die Vorrichtung durch wenige zu verbindende Bauteile aus und die Umschaltung von Saug- auf Laderbetrieb erfolgt automatisch. Durch die Membranvorsteuerung besteht eine sehr gute Feindosierung im leerlaufnahen Bereich bei Saugbetrieb. Die Ausgestaltung des Ventils, wobei die erste Auslaßöffnung nur mit dem Niederdruckbereich des Laders und die zweite Auslaßöffnung nur mit dem Ansaugrohr, in Strömungsrichtung hinter der Drosselklappe, verbunden ist, bedingt gute Gebrauchseigenschaften der Vorrichtung.With respect to use of the device in an internal combustion engine which can be charged by a supercharger, the valve has two outlet openings, one of the outlet openings being connected in a flow-conducting manner to the low-pressure region of the charger and the other outlet opening being in a flow-conducting connection to the intake pipe, the outlet openings in each case a check valve is assigned, which can only be flowed through in the direction of the charger or the intake pipe. A supercharger in the sense of the present invention is to be understood as a compressor which can be formed, for example, by a turbocharger, a mechanically driven G-supercharger or a Roots blower. The construction of the device according to the invention is very simple and expensive switching devices which could interfere with reliable operation of the device are unnecessary. In addition, the device is characterized by a few components to be connected and the switchover from suction to charger operation takes place automatically. Thanks to the diaphragm pilot control, there is very good fine metering in the area close to idling during suction operation. The design of the valve, the first outlet opening being connected only to the low-pressure region of the supercharger and the second outlet opening being connected only to the intake pipe, in the flow direction behind the throttle valve, requires good performance properties of the device.

Zur Funktion der Vorrichtung wird folgendes ausgeführt:

  • Im Leerlauf der Verbrennungskraftmaschine und im Saugbetrieb ist der Hilfsventilsitz durch den Unterdruckversteller vollständig bzw. nahezu verschlossen, um den Durchfluß flüchtiger Kraftstoffbestandteile in den Bereich zwischen Drosselklappe und Verbrennungskraftmaschine zu begrenzen. Im Saugbetrieb unter Teillast wird die Einspeisung flüchtiger Kraftstoffbestandteile in das Ansaugrohr durch den Unterdruckversteller geregelt, wobei der Unterdruckversteller durch einen Differenzdruck zwischen der Atmosphäre und dem Inneren des Ventils betätigbar ist.
The following is carried out for the function of the device:
  • When the internal combustion engine is idling and in suction mode, the auxiliary valve seat is completely or almost closed by the vacuum adjuster in order to limit the flow of volatile fuel components into the area between the throttle valve and the internal combustion engine. In suction operation under partial load, the feeding of volatile fuel components into the intake pipe is regulated by the vacuum adjuster, the vacuum adjuster being operable by a differential pressure between the atmosphere and the interior of the valve.

Im Laderbetrieb unter Teillast oder Vollast, wenn die maximal mögliche Einspeisung flüchtiger Kraftstoffbestandteile aus dem Absorptionselement in die Verbrennungskraftmaschine gefordert ist, und Überdruck im Ansaugkanal anliegt, schließt aufgrund der Druckdifferenz das erste Rückschlagventil der ersten Auslaßöffnung selbsttätig, so daß ein Kurzschlußkreislauf durch das Ventil zuverlässig vermieden wird. Die zweite Auslaßöffnung ist in diesem Falle geöffnet und die flüchtigen Kraftstoffbestandteile sowie das Kraftstoffluftgemisch werden mit Überdruck in die Brennräume der Verbrennungskraftmaschine gefördert. Der Hauptventilsitz ist mit einem elektrisch betätigbaren Antrieb versehen, wobei der Antrieb bevorzugt signalleitend mit einem Diagnoseblock verbunden ist. Der Diagnoseblock weist Signaleingänge und Signalausgänge auf, die für die Überwachung der einwandfreien Funktion der Vorichtung benötigt werden. Die Eingangsdaten können beispielsweise durch Kennwerte gebildet sein, die für ein zur Anwendung gelangendes elektronisches Motormanagement ohnehin zur Verfügung stehen. Unregelmäßigkeiten innerhalb der Vorichtung werden zur Überwachung der Vorrichtung beim Überschreiten eines willkürlich festgelegten Schwellwertes, der die Toleranz zwischen Ist- und Sollwert beschreibt, auf einem Anzeigeninstrument angezeigt.In loader operation under partial load or full load, when the maximum possible supply of volatile fuel components from the absorption element into the internal combustion engine is required and overpressure is present in the intake duct, the first check valve of the first outlet opening closes automatically due to the pressure difference, so that a short circuit circuit through the valve is reliably avoided becomes. In this case, the second outlet opening is opened and the volatile fuel components and the fuel / air mixture are conveyed into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine with excess pressure. The main valve seat is provided with an electrically actuable drive, the drive preferably being connected in a signal-conducting manner to a diagnostic block. The diagnostic block has signal inputs and signal outputs that are required for monitoring the correct functioning of the device. The input data can be formed, for example, by characteristic values that are available in any case for electronic engine management that is used. Irregularities within the device are used to monitor the device when crossing an arbitrary one specified threshold value, which describes the tolerance between actual and target value, displayed on a display instrument.

Nach einer vorteilhaften Ausgestaltung ist es vorgesehen, daß die erste Auslaßöffnung dem Hilfsventilsitz und die zweite Auslaßöffnung dem Hauptventilsitz nachgeschaltet ist. Hierbei ist von Vorteil, daß im Ladebetrieb durch Umgehung des Unterdruckverstellers höhere Mengen flüchtiger Kraftstoffbestandteile aus dem Absorptionselement entsorgt werden können, da weniger Drosselstellen vorhanden sind. Die Rückschlagventile innerhalb der Auslaßöffnungen werden vorzugsweise durch Elastomerbauteile üblicher Bauart gebildet.According to an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that the first outlet opening is connected downstream of the auxiliary valve seat and the second outlet opening is downstream of the main valve seat. The advantage here is that in charging operation bypassing the vacuum adjuster, higher amounts of volatile fuel components can be disposed of from the absorption element, since there are fewer throttling points. The check valves within the outlet openings are preferably formed by conventional elastomer components.

Im Hinblick auf bessere Gebrauchseigenschaften während einer langen Gebrauchsdauer ist es vorgesehen, daß der Hilfsventilsitz durch einen Unterdruckversteller aus elastomerem Werkstoff verschließbar ist und daß der Unterdruckversteller einen Stützbund aufweist, der einerseits an einer rollbalgartig ausgebildeten Stellmembran und andererseits an einer Druckfeder anliegt. Durch die rollbalgartige Ausgestaltung der Stellmembran werden gebrauchsdauerverringende Spannungen innerhalb der Membran zuverlässig vermieden und die Gebrauchsdauer erhöht. Die Ausgestaltung der Stellmembran bedingt auch eine besonders feinfühlige Regulierung des Massenstromes flüchtiger Kraftstoffbestandteile durch den Hilfsventilsitz.With regard to better performance characteristics over a long period of use, it is provided that the auxiliary valve seat can be closed by a vacuum adjuster made of elastomeric material and that the vacuum adjuster has a support collar which rests on the one hand on a bellows-shaped actuating membrane and on the other hand on a compression spring. Due to the bellows-like design of the actuating membrane, stresses reducing the service life within the membrane are reliably avoided and the service life is increased. The design of the control membrane also requires a particularly sensitive regulation of the mass flow of volatile fuel components through the auxiliary valve seat.

Gemäß einer besonders einfachen Ausgestaltung ist es vorgesehen, daß die Rückschlagventile federkraftbeaufschlagt ausgeführt und durch Differenzdruck betätigbar sind. Im nicht differenzdruckbeaufschlagten Zustand ist es vorgesehen, daß die Rückschlagventile selbsttätig mit jeweils einem im Bereich der Auslaßöffnungen angeordneten Dichtsitz in Eingriff bringbar sind und die Auslaßöffnungen dabei verschließen. Die Rückschlagventile können beispielsweise durch federkraftbeaufschlagte Kugelventile gebildet sein oder durch elastisch verformbare Zungenventile, die im nicht mit Differenzdruck beaufschlagten Zustand unter elastischer Vorspannung den Dichtsitz verschließen.According to a particularly simple embodiment, it is provided that the check valves are spring-loaded and can be actuated by differential pressure. In the non-differential pressure condition, it is provided that the check valves can be automatically brought into engagement with a respective sealing seat arranged in the area of the outlet openings and thereby close the outlet openings. The check valves can be formed, for example, by spring-loaded ball valves or by elastically deformable reed valves which, when not subjected to differential pressure, close the sealing seat under elastic pretension.

Der Unterdruckversteller kann gegen die Federkraft einer im Ventil angeordneten Druckfeder wirksam sein. Eine gute Anpassung an die jeweiligen Gegebenheiten und des Anwendungsfalles ist durch diese Ausgestaltung bedingt. Ein ansich gleich aufgebautes Ventil kann durch die Verwendung von Druckfedern mit unterschiedlicher Federkennlinie vergleichsweise einfach an verschiedene Verbrennungskraftmaschinen und Tankanlagen angepaßt werden.The vacuum adjuster can be effective against the spring force of a compression spring arranged in the valve. A good adaptation to the respective circumstances and the application is dependent on this configuration. A valve which is constructed in the same way can be adapted comparatively easily to different internal combustion engines and tank systems by using compression springs with different spring characteristics.

Der Hauptventilsitz kann mit einem elektrisch betätigbaren Antrieb versehen sein, wobei der Antrieb mit elektrischen Anschlüssen versehen ist und die Anschlüsse signalleitend mit einem Diagnoseblock verbunden sind. Hierbei ist von Vorteil, daß eine zuverlässige Überwachung der Vorrichtung erfolgen kann. Der Diagnoseblock, der beispielsweise ein Bestandteil eines Kennfeldes einer Motorsteuerung bilden kann, steuert in Abhängigkeit der verschiedenartigsten Eingangsgrößen den Öffnungsquerschnitt des Hauptventilsitzes und damit den Volumenstrom flüchtiger Kraftstoffbestandteile in das Ansaugrohr der Verbrennungskraftmaschine. Zur Überwachung der Anlage kann der Diagnoseblock beispielsweise mit Kontrollinstrumenten verbunden sein, die im Armaturenbrett integriert sein können. Bei Überschreitung eines willkürlich festgelegten Schwellwertes, der die Differenz aus Sollwert und Istwert beschreibt, können visuelle und/oder akustische Signale auf diesen Mißstand aufmerksam machen. Die Eingangssignale des Diagnoseblocks können beispielsweise durch die Stellung der Drosselklappe, die Drehzahl der Verbrennungskraftmaschine, verschiedene Temperaturen und Drücke innerhalb und außerhalb der Verbrennungskraftmaschine und die Abgaszusammensetzung gebildet sein. Weitere Ein- und Ausgangsgrößen sind ebenfalls denkbar.The main valve seat can be provided with an electrically actuable drive, the drive being provided with electrical connections and the connections being connected in a signal-conducting manner to a diagnostic block. The advantage here is that the device can be reliably monitored. The diagnostic block, which can form part of a map of an engine control, for example, controls the opening cross section of the main valve seat and thus the volume flow of volatile fuel components into the intake pipe of the internal combustion engine depending on the most varied input variables. To monitor the system, the diagnostic block can be connected, for example, to control instruments that can be integrated in the dashboard. If an arbitrarily defined threshold value, which describes the difference between the setpoint value and the actual value, is exceeded, visual and / or acoustic signals can draw attention to this maladministration. The input signals of the diagnostic block can be formed, for example, by the position of the throttle valve, the speed of the internal combustion engine, various temperatures and pressures inside and outside the internal combustion engine and the exhaust gas composition. Other input and output variables are also conceivable.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung wird nachfolgend anhand der als Anlage beigefügten Zeichnungen weiter erläutert. Die Zeichnungen stellen lediglich bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiele dar und haben nur beispielhaften Charakter.The device according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings attached as an attachment. The drawings represent only preferred exemplary embodiments and have only exemplary character.

In Figur 2 ist die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung schematisch dargestellt.The device according to the invention is shown schematically in FIG.

In Figur 1 ist ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Ventils gezeigt, das in der Vorrichtung gemäß Figur 1 zur Anwendung gelangen kann.FIG. 1 shows an exemplary embodiment of a valve which can be used in the device according to FIG. 1.

Die in Figur 1 dargestellte Vorrichtung umfaßt eine durch einen Lader 16 aufgeladene Verbrennungskraftmaschine 4, wobei in dem Ansaugrohr 3 eine vergrößert dargestellte Drosselklappe 22 angeordnet ist. Die Luft, die der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 4 zugeführt wird, wird vorher durch einen Luftfilter 23 geführt. Das Ventil 10 ist in Figur 1 nur schematisch und in seinen äußeren Umrissen dargestellt. Es weist zwei Auslaßöffnungen 12.1, 12.2 auf und eine Einlaßöffnung 11, die über eine Leitung 9 mit dem Absorptionselement 8 in Speicherkammer 7 verbunden sind. Die flüchtigen Kraftstoffbestandteile aus dem Freiraum 1 der Tankanlage 2 gelangen über eine Entlüftungsleitung 6 in das Absorptionselement 8. In Abhängigkeit von Saug-oder Laderbetrieb der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 4 gelangen die flüchtigen Kraftstoffbestandteile aus dem Freiraum 1 und dem Absorptionselement 8 durch Leitung 9 in das Ventil 10. Im Saugbetrieb durchströmen die flüchtigen Kraftstoffbestandteile die erste Auslaßöffnung 12.1 und werden vom Unterdruck im Ansaugrohr 3 der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 4 angesaugt. Die Einspeisung der flüchtigen Kraftstoffbestandteile erfolgt in diesem Falle in Strömungsrichtung hinter der Drosselklappe 22. Im Laderbetrieb, bei Teillast oder Vollast, wenn innerhalb des Ansaugrohres 3 ein relativer Überdruck herrscht, verschließt das erste Rückschlagventil 17 der ersten Auslaßöffnung 12.1 den Durchgang und die flüchtigen Kraftstoffbestandteile gelangen am zweiten Rückschlagventil 18 der zweiten Auslaßöffnung 12.2 vorbei in Richtung des Laders 16. Die flüchtigen Kraftstoffbestandteile werden ebenso wie das Kraftstoffluftgemisch mit Überdruck in die Brennräume der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 4 gefördert. Der Diagnoseblock 21 und das Anzeigeinstrument 24 dienen der Überwachung und Kontrolle der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung. In Abhängigkeit von Eingangsgrößen wird der Durchtritt flüchtiger Kraftstoffbestandteile durch den Hauptventilsitz 13 durch den Antrieb 20, der mit dem Diagnoseblock 21 signalleitend verbunden ist, geregelt.The device shown in FIG. 1 comprises an internal combustion engine 4 charged by a charger 16, a throttle valve 22, shown enlarged, being arranged in the intake pipe 3. The air that is supplied to the internal combustion engine 4 is previously passed through an air filter 23. The valve 10 is shown only schematically in FIG. 1 and in its outer contours. It has two outlet openings 12.1, 12.2 and an inlet opening 11, which are connected via a line 9 to the absorption element 8 in the storage chamber 7. The volatile fuel components from the free space 1 of the tank system 2 reach the absorption element 8 via a ventilation line 6. Depending on the suction or charging mode of the internal combustion engine 4, the volatile fuel components get from the free space 1 and the absorption element 8 through line 9 into the valve 10. In suction mode, the volatile fuel components flow through the first outlet opening 12.1 and are sucked in by the negative pressure in the intake pipe 3 of the internal combustion engine 4. In this case, the volatile fuel components are fed in in the direction of flow behind the throttle valve 22 Loader operation, at partial load or full load, when there is a relative excess pressure within the intake pipe 3, the first check valve 17 closes the passage of the first outlet opening 12.1 and the volatile fuel components pass the second check valve 18 of the second outlet opening 12.2 in the direction of the charger 16. The volatile Fuel components, like the fuel-air mixture, are conveyed into the combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine 4 with excess pressure. The diagnostic block 21 and the display instrument 24 serve to monitor and control the device according to the invention. Depending on input variables, the passage of volatile fuel components through the main valve seat 13 is regulated by the drive 20, which is connected to the diagnostic block 21 in a signal-conducting manner.

In Figur 2 ist das Ventil 10 aus der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung als Einzelteil in einem Schnitt vergrößert dargestellt. Das Ventil 10 weist einen Antrieb 20 auf, zur Betätigung des Hauptventils. Der Antrieb 20 ist signalleitend mit einem hier nicht dargestellten Diagnoseblock verbunden und regelt den Durchfluß abhängig von in den Diagnoseblock eingegangenen Parametern. Das Hilfsventil ist durch einen Unterdruckversteller 15 gebildet, der den Durchfluß durch den Hilfsventilsitz 14, durch Differenzdruck betätigt, regelt.In Figure 2, the valve 10 from the device according to the invention is shown enlarged as a single part in a section. The valve 10 has a drive 20 for actuating the main valve. The drive 20 is connected in a signal-conducting manner to a diagnostic block, not shown here, and regulates the flow depending on parameters entered in the diagnostic block. The auxiliary valve is formed by a vacuum adjuster 15, which controls the flow through the auxiliary valve seat 14, operated by differential pressure.

Innerhalb der beiden Auslaßöffnungen 12.1, 12.2 ist jeweils ein Rückschlagventil 17, 18 angeordnet, wobei die Rückschlagventile in diesem Ausführungsbeispiel durch elastisch verformbare Zungenventile gebildet sind. Anstelle dieser Ventile können beispielsweise auch handelsübliche federkraftbeaufschlagte Kugel-Rückschlagventile zur Anwendung gelangen. Eine externe Umschaltung der Rückschlagventile 17, 18 innerhalb der Auslaßöffnungen 12.1, 12.2 ist durch diese Ausgestaltung entbehrlich. Der Nebenventilsitz 14 ist konisch ausgeführt und bedarfsweise mit einem konisch ausgebildeten Verschlußglied aus elastomerem Werkstoff in Eingriff bringbar.A check valve 17, 18 is arranged in each of the two outlet openings 12.1, 12.2, the check valves in this exemplary embodiment being formed by elastically deformable tongue valves. Instead of these valves, it is also possible, for example, to use commercially available spring check ball valves. External switching of the check valves 17, 18 within the outlet openings 12.1, 12.2 is unnecessary with this configuration. The auxiliary valve seat 14 is conical and, if necessary, can be brought into engagement with a conical closure member made of elastomeric material.

Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zeichnet sich durch einen einfachen Aufbau, wenige Einzelteile und wirtschaftliche Herstellbarkeit aus. Außerdem sind gute Gebrauchseigenschaften der Vorrichtung bei Verwendung mit einer durch einen Lader aufgeladenen Verbrennungskraftmaschine während einer langen Gebrauchsdauer gewährleistet.The device according to the invention is characterized by a simple structure, few individual parts and economical producibility. In addition, good performance characteristics of the device are ensured when used with an internal combustion engine charged by a supercharger for a long period of use.

Claims (7)

1. Vorrichtung zum vorübergehenden Speichern und dosierten Einspeisen der im Freiraum einer Tankanlage befindlichen flüchtigen Kraftstoffbestandteile in das Ansaugrohr einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine, umfassend eine den Freiraum mit der Atmosphäre verbindende Entlüftungsleitung, in der eine Speicherkammer mit einem Absorptionselement angeordnet ist, sowie zumindest eine die Speicherkammer mit dem Ansaugrohr verbindende Leitung, die durch ein elektromagnetisch betätigbares Ventil verschließbar ist, wobei das Ventil zumindest eine Einlaßöffnung und zumindest eine Auslaßöffnung aufweist, wobei zwischen Ein- und Auslaßöffnung ein Haupt- und ein Hilfsventilsitz vorgesehen sind, wobei der Hilfsventilsitz durch einen Unterdruckversteller verschließbar ist und wobei der Unterdruckversteller durch einen Differenzdruck betätigbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Ventil (10) in bezug auf eine Verwendung der Vorrichtung bei einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine (4), die durch einen Lader (16) aufladbar ist, zwei Auslaßöffnungen (12.1, 12.2) aufweist, daß eine der Auslaßöffnungen (12.2) strömungsleitend mit dem Niederdruckbereich des Laders (16) und die andere Auslaßöffnung (12.1) strömungsleitend mit dem Ansaugrohr (3) verbunden ist und daß der ersten Ansaugöffnung (12.1) ein erstes Rückschlagventil (17) zugeordnet ist, das nur in Richtung des Ansaugrohres (3) durchströmbar ist und daß der anderen Auslaßöffnung (12.2) ein zweites Rückschlagventil (18) zugeordnet ist, das nur in Richtung des Laders (16) durchströmbar ist.1.Device for the temporary storage and metered feeding of the volatile fuel components located in the free space of a tank system into the intake pipe of an internal combustion engine, comprising a vent line connecting the free space with the atmosphere, in which a storage chamber with an absorption element is arranged, and at least one with the storage chamber Intake pipe connecting line, which can be closed by an electromagnetically actuated valve, the valve having at least one inlet opening and at least one outlet opening, a main and an auxiliary valve seat being provided between the inlet and outlet opening, the auxiliary valve seat being closable by a vacuum adjuster, and wherein the vacuum adjuster can be actuated by a differential pressure, characterized in that the valve (10) with respect to the use of the device in an internal combustion engine (4), which is characterized by a La which (16) is rechargeable, has two outlet openings (12.1, 12.2), that one of the outlet openings (12.2) is flow-connected to the low-pressure region of the charger (16) and the other outlet opening (12.1) is flow-connected to the intake pipe (3) and that the first intake opening (12.1) is assigned a first check valve (17) which can only be flowed through in the direction of the intake pipe (3) and that the other outlet opening (12.2) is assigned a second check valve (18) which is only in the direction of the charger ( 16) can be flowed through. 2. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die erste Auslaßöffnung (12.1) dem Hauptventilsitz (13) und die zweite Auslaßöffnung (12.2) dem Hilfsventilsitz (14) nachgeschaltet ist.2. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the first outlet opening (12.1) is the main valve seat (13) and the second outlet opening (12.2) is connected downstream of the auxiliary valve seat (14). 3. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 bis 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hilfsventilsitz (14) durch einen Unterdruckversteller (15) aus elastomerem Werkstoff verschließbar ist und daß der Unterdruckversteller (15) einen Stützbund aufweist, der einerseits an einer rollbalgartig ausgebildeten Stellmembran und andererseits an einer Druckfeder (19) anliegt.3. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 2, characterized in that the auxiliary valve seat (14) by a vacuum adjuster (15) made of elastomeric material can be closed and that the vacuum adjuster (15) has a support collar which on the one hand on a bellows-shaped control membrane and on the other a compression spring (19) is present. 4. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Unterdruckversteller (15) gegen die Federkraft einer im Ventil (10) angeordneten Druckfeder (19) wirksam ist.4. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 3, characterized in that the vacuum adjuster (15) is effective against the spring force of a compression spring (19) arranged in the valve (10). 5. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rückschlagventile (17, 18) federkraftbeaufschlagt ausgeführt und durch Differenzdruck betätigbar sind.5. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 4, characterized in that the check valves (17, 18) are spring-loaded and can be actuated by differential pressure. 6. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Rückschlagventile (17, 18) im nicht differenzdruckbeaufschlagten Zustand selbsttätig mit jeweils einem im Bereich der Auslaßöffnungen (12.1, 12.2) angeordneten Dichtsitze in Eingriff bringbar sind und die Auslaßöffnungen (12.1, 12.2) verschließen.6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that the check valves (17, 18) in can not be brought into engagement automatically with a sealing seat arranged in the area of the outlet openings (12.1, 12.2) and close the outlet openings (12.1, 12.2). 7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Hauptventilsitz (13) mit einem elektrisch betätigbaren Antrieb (20) versehen ist, daß der Antrieb (20) mit elektrischen Anschlüssen versehen ist und daß die Anschlüsse signalleitend mit einem Diagnoseblock (21) verbunden sind.7. Apparatus according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that the main valve seat (13) is provided with an electrically actuable drive (20), that the drive (20) is provided with electrical connections and that the connections are signal-conducting with a diagnostic block (21st ) are connected.
EP92111096A 1991-12-04 1992-07-01 Device for feeding measured quantities of volatile fuel components to the intake conduit of an internal combustion machine Expired - Lifetime EP0546247B1 (en)

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BR9204626A (en) 1993-06-08
EP0546247B1 (en) 1995-04-05
US5269278A (en) 1993-12-14
JPH05263720A (en) 1993-10-12
DE4139946C1 (en) 1993-02-04
CA2079520A1 (en) 1993-06-05

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