EP0663964A1 - PROTECTION DE SUBSTRATS EN ACIER AU CHROME CONTRE LA CORROSION ET L'EROSION EN PRESENCE DE TEMPERATURES POUVANT ALLER JUSQU'A ENVIRON 500 oC. - Google Patents

PROTECTION DE SUBSTRATS EN ACIER AU CHROME CONTRE LA CORROSION ET L'EROSION EN PRESENCE DE TEMPERATURES POUVANT ALLER JUSQU'A ENVIRON 500 oC.

Info

Publication number
EP0663964A1
EP0663964A1 EP93920767A EP93920767A EP0663964A1 EP 0663964 A1 EP0663964 A1 EP 0663964A1 EP 93920767 A EP93920767 A EP 93920767A EP 93920767 A EP93920767 A EP 93920767A EP 0663964 A1 EP0663964 A1 EP 0663964A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
substrate
layer
metal layer
aluminum
protective layer
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP93920767A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0663964B1 (fr
Inventor
Friedhelm Schmitz
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP93920767A priority Critical patent/EP0663964B1/fr
Publication of EP0663964A1 publication Critical patent/EP0663964A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0663964B1 publication Critical patent/EP0663964B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
    • C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
    • C25D3/42—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of light metals
    • C25D3/44—Aluminium
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/12—Blades
    • F01D5/28—Selecting particular materials; Particular measures relating thereto; Measures against erosion or corrosion
    • F01D5/288—Protective coatings for blades
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
    • Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
    • Y10T428/12736—Al-base component
    • Y10T428/1275—Next to Group VIII or IB metal-base component
    • Y10T428/12757—Fe

Definitions

  • the invention relates to protection against corrosive and erosive attack at temperatures up to about 500 * C for an existing chromium steel substrate by means of a Schutz ⁇ layer, which contains aluminum.
  • the invention relates to substrates on components for all types of turbomachinery, in particular turbocompressors regardless of the type of their drive, and on gas and steam turbines, with particular reference being made to components of such turbomachinery which are to be operated at temperatures of up to about 500 ° C. .
  • a particularly important field of application of the invention is the protection of compressor blades and other components loaded in this way in the turbocompressors of gas turbines.
  • blades for turbomachines which mainly consist of ferritic and / or ferritic-martensitic base materials, are included
  • Protective layers made of aluminum alloys in particular of aluminum alloys with 6 to 15% by weight of silicon, are provided. Such aluminum alloys are to be applied to the blades using a high-speed spraying process.
  • Aluminum pigment coatings which may have inorganic or organic top layers. Also from the book “Praxis der Kraftwerk-Chemie”, published by Hans-Günter Heitmann, Vulkan-Verlag, Essen, 1986, in particular the article contained therein "Gasturbinen-Roon" by F. Schmitz, pp. 57A ff essential information on the problem of corrosive and erosive attacks in the compressors of gas turbine systems. Details on the erosive and corrosive attacks, in particular on vibration crack corrosion, and on the problems that occur when using conventional high-temperature lacquer protective layers are also explained.
  • the invention is the Auf ⁇ based on the object, a considerably improved protection for an existing chromium steel substrate to achieve, the cost of achieving protection also being kept low, possibly even reduced, shall be.
  • methods for the formation of such protection, protective layers which ensure such protection, substrates which are provided with such protection and methods for producing such substrates are to be specified.
  • the inventive method for achieving protection against a corrosive and / or erosive attack at a temperature up to about 500 * C for a chrome steel existing of the substrate, forming said ge on the substrate, a protective layer, includes that aluminum, is characterized ge ⁇ indicates that an aluminum-containing metal layer is applied to the substrate and is hardened or cured at least on its surface to form the protective layer.
  • the invention is based on the knowledge that the hardenability or hardenability of the aluminum itself or of the aluminum base materials can advantageously be used to form a protection of the type mentioned.
  • the metal layer containing aluminum can be hardened, for example, chemically, in particular by oxidation, or mechanically, in particular by rolling. Curing is understood to mean, for example, a structural change in the metal layer caused by heat treatment, in particular precipitation hardening.
  • the hardening or hardening need not necessarily cover the entire metal layer; it may be advantageous to restrict the hardening or hardening to a part near the surface and thus a so-called "duplex
  • the hard layer formed according to the invention advantageously has a Vickers hardness HV 0.025 of more than about 200, considerably more than HV 0.025 of a conventional high-temperature lacquer layer, where HV 0.025 is usually at most 120.
  • the metal layer to be applied to the substrate to be protected advantageously consists mainly of aluminum and is accordingly in particular an aluminum-based alloy, for example with the addition of at least one of the elements magnesium, copper and zinc. Silicon, manganese and titanium can also be used as additives.
  • the hardening or hardening of the metal layer takes place with particular advantage in such a way that the metal layer is converted at least on its surface into a hard layer.
  • the hard layer can be produced by numerous different methods that may be combined with one another, in particular mechanical strengthening, chemical or thermal treatment. It is particularly favorable if a part of the metal layer remains under the hard layer, so that the protective layer is a duplex layer which comprises the metal layer and the hard layer.
  • a duplex layer which comprises a rather hard layer on the one hand and a rather ductile metal layer on the other hand, is particularly favorable since hard layers and ductile layers each withstand different types of erosion: hard layers are suitable as protection against erosion attack by particles which strike grazing to approximately at an angle, ductile metal layers are advantageous for protection against erosion through at large angles, in particular at an angle to approximately vertical, impacting particles.
  • the duplex layer can therefore provide protection against eroding particles regardless of their angle of incidence, although removal of the hard layer must initially be expected in areas of the component where the particles meet approximately vertically until which is exposed to erosion resistant to large impact angles, ductile metal layer.
  • the oxidizing is preferably an anodizing, in particular anodizing.
  • the hard layer obtained can be additionally compacted by treating it with boiling water or a boiling, aqueous salt solution. Details of this are known in the field of anodic oxidation of aluminum and do not require any further explanation at this point. Any oxidation of an aluminum-containing layer produces a surface layer which has aluminum oxide or corundum, one of the hardest minerals, as an essential component. In order to achieve a particularly thick, dense and hard layer, anodic oxidation is particularly suitable.
  • layers of essentially pure aluminum can be used for anodic oxidation, but in particular also layers of aluminum-magnesium alloys.
  • aluminum-based alloys with the addition of magnesium in a proportion by weight of between 0.5% and 5%, in particular between 1% and A%, possibly with further small proportions of silicon, iron, copper, chromium, zinc and / or titanium in the usual framework.
  • An alternative method of forming a hard layer on a metal layer is to use a hardenable alloy to form the metal layer followed by hardening.
  • the hardening can be limited to a region of the metal layer near the surface are achieved by curing, for example, by irradiation with laser light; it can also cover the entire metal layer, for which the component provided with the metal layer can be heat-treated in a conventional manner in an oven.
  • An aluminum-based alloy with additions of magnesium and copper or zinc is particularly suitable as the hardenable alloy.
  • an aluminum-based alloy is used with a weight proportion of magnesium between 0, A and 2% and copper between 3.5 and 5%, with usual impurities and possibly further admixtures, as mentioned above.
  • an aluminum-based alloy with a weight proportion of zinc between 1% and 5%, in particular between A% and 5%, and magnesium up to 2%, in particular between 1% and 1.5%, also with usual impurities and any other admixtures.
  • the metal layer is applied electrochemically, in particular by electroplating, as part of any configuration of the method.
  • Electroplating produces a particularly uniform and dense layer with extremely low porosity, in which the occurrence of pitting corrosion is accordingly suppressed.
  • Pitting corrosion occurs when an electrically conductive liquid, for example a water drop with salt or ash parts, enters a pore of the protective layer and with the protective layer and the Substrate forms a galvanic element.
  • the decomposition processes occurring in such an element can, starting from the pore, spread into the boundary layer between the protective layer and the substrate and destroy the substrate under the externally intact protective layer. For this reason, the electrochemical application of the metal layer is particularly preferred since it avoids pores.
  • a protective layer is provided on a substrate made of chrome steel, which protective layer provides protection against corrosive and erosive attack at Tem ⁇ temperatures up to about 500 * C has and by at least superficial hardening or curing a coating applied to the substrate, aluminum-containing metal layer by the method according to the invention was formed.
  • the invention also relates to a substrate which is provided with a protective layer according to the invention as protection against corrosive and / or erosive attack at a temperature of up to about 500 ° C.
  • a substrate can in particular belong to a blade of a turbomachine such as a turbocompressor, be it a rotor blade or a guide blade.
  • the blade can have a foot part for fastening the component and a blade part which is the effective part in the thermodynamic process in the turbomachine, and at least one of which is a gas, in particular air, gas turbine exhaust gas or steam, exposed sheet part has a substrate protected according to the invention.
  • the substrate preferably consists of a chromium steel with the following proportions, the proportions being given in percentages by weight: 0.1 to 0.3% carbon 11 to 17% chromium 0 to 6% nickel 0 to 1.5 X molybdenum 0 to 1 % Vanadium 0 to 1% silicon 0 to 1% manganese balance iron with manufacturing-related impurities.
  • the substrate protected according to the invention preferably has, at least in part, a ferritic or martensitic structure.
  • chromium steels which are suitable for substrates to be protected according to the invention are the chromium steels X20 Cr 13, X20 CrMoV 12 1, X20 CrNiMo 15 5 1, X12 CrNiMo 12.
  • the chromium steel X20 Cr 13 is regarded as particularly preferred.
  • the method according to the invention for producing a substrate which has protection against a corrosive and / or erosive attack at a temperature of up to about 500 ° C. is characterized by the use of the method described above for forming the protection.
  • the invention relates to achieving protection for a substrate, in particular a substrate on a turbine or compressor blade of a turbomachine, against one Corrosive and / or erosive attack at a temperature up to about 500 'C.
  • a protective layer is formed on the substrate, which contains aluminum.
  • a metal layer containing aluminum is first applied and hardened or cured at least on its surface to form the protective layer.
  • highly effective protection against corrosion and erosion can be obtained with simple means.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne l'obtention d'une protection contre la corrosion et l'érosion en présence de températures pouvant aller jusqu'à environ 500 °C, d'un substrat en acier au chrome. Une couche de protection contenant de l'aluminium est déposée sur ce substrat. Selon cette invention, une couche métallique contenant de l'aluminium est tout d'abord appliquée, puis trempée ou recuite au moins en surface pour former la couche de protection. Dans le cadre de l'invention, des moyens simples permettent d'obtenir une protection hautement efficace contre la corrosion et l'érosion, en particulier dans le cas des aubes de turbomachines et, notamment, de turbocompresseurs.
EP93920767A 1992-10-05 1993-09-17 Protection de substrats en acier au chrome contre la corrosion et l'erosion en presence de temperatures pouvant aller jusqu'a environ 500 degres celsius Expired - Lifetime EP0663964B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP93920767A EP0663964B1 (fr) 1992-10-05 1993-09-17 Protection de substrats en acier au chrome contre la corrosion et l'erosion en presence de temperatures pouvant aller jusqu'a environ 500 degres celsius

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP92116998 1992-10-05
EP92116998 1992-10-05
EP93920767A EP0663964B1 (fr) 1992-10-05 1993-09-17 Protection de substrats en acier au chrome contre la corrosion et l'erosion en presence de temperatures pouvant aller jusqu'a environ 500 degres celsius
PCT/EP1993/002534 WO1994008071A1 (fr) 1992-10-05 1993-09-17 Protection de substrats en acier au chrome contre la corrosion et l'erosion en presence de temperatures pouvant aller jusqu'a environ 500 °c

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0663964A1 true EP0663964A1 (fr) 1995-07-26
EP0663964B1 EP0663964B1 (fr) 1996-12-27

Family

ID=8210102

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP93920767A Expired - Lifetime EP0663964B1 (fr) 1992-10-05 1993-09-17 Protection de substrats en acier au chrome contre la corrosion et l'erosion en presence de temperatures pouvant aller jusqu'a environ 500 degres celsius

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US5547769A (fr)
EP (1) EP0663964B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH08501831A (fr)
KR (1) KR950703669A (fr)
CZ (1) CZ77395A3 (fr)
DE (1) DE59304920D1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2096943T3 (fr)
RU (1) RU95110753A (fr)
WO (1) WO1994008071A1 (fr)

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US6149389A (en) * 1996-03-13 2000-11-21 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Protective coating for turbine blades
DE19627860C1 (de) * 1996-07-11 1998-01-08 Mtu Muenchen Gmbh Schaufel für Strömungsmaschine mit metallischer Deckschicht
SE508150C2 (sv) * 1996-08-30 1998-09-07 Sandvik Ab Förfarande för att tillverka band av ferritiskt, rostfritt FeCrAl-stål
US6129262A (en) * 1997-02-24 2000-10-10 Ford Global Technologies, Inc. Fluxless brazing of unclad aluminum using selective area plating
US6274200B1 (en) 1998-09-11 2001-08-14 Boeing North American, Inc. Method for preparing pre-coated ferrous-alloy components and components prepared thereby
DE69821942D1 (de) * 1998-10-26 2004-04-01 Techspace Aero Milmort Verfahren zum Herstellen einer dünnen Beschichtung auf einem metallischen Substrat
US6283195B1 (en) 1999-02-02 2001-09-04 Metal Casting Technology, Incorporated Passivated titanium aluminide tooling
JP4703857B2 (ja) 1999-05-14 2011-06-15 シーメンス アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト 蒸気タービンの構造部材と構造部材上に保護被覆を形成する方法
GB0305461D0 (en) * 2003-03-10 2003-04-16 Transense Technologies Plc Improvements in the construction of saw devices
DE102004001575A1 (de) 2004-01-10 2005-08-04 Mtu Aero Engines Gmbh Verfahren zur Herstellung von Hohlschaufeln sowie eines Rotors mit Hohlschaufeln
JP5295951B2 (ja) * 2006-05-24 2013-09-18 ブルースコープ・スティール・リミテッド Ａｌ／Ｚｎベースの合金被覆製品の処理
DE102007008011A1 (de) * 2007-02-15 2008-08-21 Rolls-Royce Deutschland Ltd & Co Kg Verfahren zur Ausbildung einer Aluminium-Diffusionsschicht zum Oxidationsschutz
IT1393140B1 (it) * 2009-03-17 2012-04-11 Nuovo Pignone Spa Metodo di produzione di un rivestimento protettivo per un componente di una turbomacchina, il componente stesso e la relativa macchina
WO2010135779A1 (fr) 2009-05-28 2010-12-02 Bluescope Steel Limited Bande d'acier métallisée
GB0922308D0 (en) * 2009-12-22 2010-02-03 Rolls Royce Plc Hydrophobic surface
WO2012063920A1 (fr) * 2010-11-11 2012-05-18 日立金属株式会社 Procédé de production d'une feuille d'aluminium
ITTO20110257A1 (it) * 2011-03-24 2012-09-25 Avio Spa Metodo per la riparazione di un componente in lega di alluminio
US9752441B2 (en) 2012-01-31 2017-09-05 United Technologies Corporation Gas turbine rotary blade with tip insert
EP2650400A1 (fr) * 2012-04-11 2013-10-16 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Couche de protection contenant de l'aluminium contre la corrosion et l'érosion
EP2770085A1 (fr) * 2013-02-26 2014-08-27 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Couche de protection contenant de l'aluminium contre la corrosion et l'érosion
US10041361B2 (en) 2014-10-15 2018-08-07 General Electric Company Turbine blade coating composition

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
KR950703669A (ko) 1995-09-20
US5547769A (en) 1996-08-20
EP0663964B1 (fr) 1996-12-27
WO1994008071A1 (fr) 1994-04-14
RU95110753A (ru) 1997-01-27
ES2096943T3 (es) 1997-03-16
JPH08501831A (ja) 1996-02-27
CZ77395A3 (en) 1995-12-13
DE59304920D1 (de) 1997-02-06

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