EP0661107A2 - Method for recognizing and selectively separating metals from a mixture - Google Patents

Method for recognizing and selectively separating metals from a mixture Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0661107A2
EP0661107A2 EP94119796A EP94119796A EP0661107A2 EP 0661107 A2 EP0661107 A2 EP 0661107A2 EP 94119796 A EP94119796 A EP 94119796A EP 94119796 A EP94119796 A EP 94119796A EP 0661107 A2 EP0661107 A2 EP 0661107A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
metals
metal
separating
components
transport device
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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EP94119796A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP0661107A3 (en
Inventor
Manfred Bahnemann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
WORGULL, JUERGEN
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Dipl-Ing Sf-Ing Manfred Bahnemann Recycling-Systeme GmbH
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Priority claimed from DE4402937A external-priority patent/DE4402937A1/en
Application filed by Dipl-Ing Sf-Ing Manfred Bahnemann Recycling-Systeme GmbH filed Critical Dipl-Ing Sf-Ing Manfred Bahnemann Recycling-Systeme GmbH
Publication of EP0661107A2 publication Critical patent/EP0661107A2/en
Publication of EP0661107A3 publication Critical patent/EP0661107A3/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/02—Measures preceding sorting, e.g. arranging articles in a stream orientating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B9/00—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B03B9/06—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse
    • B03B9/061—General arrangement of separating plant, e.g. flow sheets specially adapted for refuse the refuse being industrial
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
    • B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
    • B07C5/34—Sorting according to other particular properties
    • B07C5/342—Sorting according to other particular properties according to optical properties, e.g. colour

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a method for detecting and selectively separating metals from a quantity, in particular for separating non-ferrous and / or noble metals from other metals when recycling scrap, in particular electronic scrap.
  • waste and scrap are a particularly big problem today.
  • the waste often contains valuable raw materials that should be recovered in the event of appropriate recycling. This applies above all to waste / products that contain metals. Above all, the recovery of non-ferrous and precious metals is desirable.
  • EP-A 0 125 435 describes a process for the treatment of metal parts provided with a surface coating described.
  • the metal parts to be processed are crushed to a grain size of 1 mm to 20 mm, these coarse fractions are subjected to fine comminution in micro-vortex mills, on which the coarse fractions are crushed to a grain size of approximately 300 ⁇ m.
  • the solid mixture of metal fraction and non-metal fraction in separators is then separated into the metal fraction and the non-metal fraction.
  • the non-metal fraction is agglomerated and the metal fraction is removed for further processing.
  • the present invention has for its object to provide a method of the above. To develop a way by which a metal fraction can be broken down even further. Above all, non-ferrous and / or precious metals should be removed from the metal fraction.
  • This method is particularly applicable to non-ferrous and / or especially precious metals. It is known that gold components have a yellow or reddish color. In contrast, other metal parts, such as iron, are colored dark. According to the present method, the position of the yellow metal parts, ie of gold granules or gold-plated particles / granules, is determined, which are then separated out.
  • the metal parts should first be crushed, for example ground and separated on a transport device before the detection.
  • a conveyor belt is suitable, which is designed as a grid, the mesh size being smaller than the smallest diameter of the metal fraction.
  • the invention also covers a device with devices for comminuting, grinding and separating metal components from other components.
  • the device for separating the metal components is to be followed by a transport device which is assigned a device for detecting color differences in the metal components and which is connected to an ejector with the interposition of a computer.
  • a line camera which works by optoelectronic means, is particularly suitable for the optical detection of the color differences of the metal parts.
  • other options are also conceivable here.
  • the separation of the detected metal parts of a certain color by means of the ejector can also be done in different ways. It is conceivable, for example, that a plurality of ejector nozzles are arranged under a grid-shaped conveyor belt, which blow off the metal parts detected. For this purpose the ejector is with connected to the line camera, the individual ejector nozzles being actuated by the line chamber depending on the position detection via a corresponding control.
  • the metal particles could also run through sieve levels after the separation of other constituents and be separated depending on the size and / or weight.
  • the individual sizes can then be placed on a corresponding frame with subdivisions, captured by the line scan camera and each frame can be fed individually to the ejector. Further possibilities are also conceivable here, which are intended to be included in the invention.
  • the method according to the invention can be used above all in the recycling of metals, the present invention should not be restricted to this. According to the invention, it can always be used when a certain metal is to be separated from a quantity.
  • this scrap 1 is comminuted in a first step.
  • the shredding can take place, for example, in a shredder 2.
  • the shredded amount reaches a mill 3, in which the scrap 1 is ground.
  • a mill 3 in which the scrap 1 is ground.
  • plastic components are separated from the metal particles.
  • An impact mill, micro vortex mill or turbo mill is preferably used as the mill, in which the components to be ground collide. This effectively separates the plastic from the metal particles and simultaneously spheres the metal particles.
  • the metal grains in the mill 3 preferably reach a diameter of 1 to 5 mm.
  • Separator 4 can be used in any suitable device in which it is possible to separate the parts, in particular the plastic parts, from the metal parts. This also includes sieves, such as wind sifters or water tables. However, these are just examples.
  • the separator 4 can be followed by sieve levels or similar separation devices, by means of which the metal parts are divided according to differently defined grain sizes or weights.
  • the individual non-metallic components such as in particular plastic, are preferably discharged from the separator 4 through a discharge 5.
  • the metallic components pass from an outlet 6 to a transport device 7.
  • the metal components are then preferably separated on this transport device 7, as is indicated by way of example in FIG. 2.
  • the transport device 7a according to FIG. 2 has a transport belt 8 which forms individual compartments 9 for metal balls 10.
  • Metal balls 10a with a light coloring, in particular gold coloring, and dark metal balls 10b with dark coloring are indicated by way of example. These metal balls 10a and 10b are each located in a compartment 9 and are thus separated.
  • the transport device 7 there is an optical detection device 11 by means of which color differences of the metal balls 10 can be detected.
  • the position of these metal balls 10 is passed via a line 12 to a computer (not shown in more detail) and from there to an ejector 13, by means of which metal balls of a certain color are removed from the transport device 7. This can be done, for example, by blowing off or expelling.
  • a computer not shown in more detail
  • an ejector 13 by means of which metal balls of a certain color are removed from the transport device 7. This can be done, for example, by blowing off or expelling.
  • FIG. 3 A mechanically operating ejector is shown in FIG. 3 as an example of an ejector 13a. This works with plungers 14 which push a metal ball 10a of a certain color through the conveyor belt 8, so that the metal ball 10a can fall into a receptacle 15. The metal balls 10b with a different color remain on the conveyor belt 8.
  • the transport device 7a has a slot 16 in the region of a compartment 9.
  • the conveyor belt 8 is so elastic that the slot 16 closes again after the metal ball 10 has been ejected.

Abstract

In a method for recognising and selectively separating metals from a mixture, in particular for separating out nonferrous heavy metals and/or noble metals from other metals during the recycling of scrap, in particular electronics scrap. The metal parts are, if appropriate after the separation of other components, detected optically and metal parts with a given coloration are separated out. <IMAGE>

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Erkennen und selektiven Trennen von Metallen aus einer Menge, insbesondere zum Aussondern von Bunt- und/oder Edelmetallen aus anderen Metallen beim Recyclieren von Schrott, insbesondere Elektronikschrott.The present invention relates to a method for detecting and selectively separating metals from a quantity, in particular for separating non-ferrous and / or noble metals from other metals when recycling scrap, in particular electronic scrap.

Das Recyclieren von Produktionsabfällen und Schrotten, sowie ausgemusterten Elektronikabfällen stellt heute ein besonders großes Problem dar. In den Abfällen sind häufig wertvolle Rohstoffe enthalten, die bei einem entsprechenden Recycling wiedergewonnen werden sollten. Dies gilt vor allem auch für Abfälle/Produkte, die Metalle beinhalten. Vor allem ist die Rückgewinnung von Bunt- und Edelmetallen wünschenswert.The recycling of production waste and scrap, as well as discarded electronic waste, is a particularly big problem today. The waste often contains valuable raw materials that should be recovered in the event of appropriate recycling. This applies above all to waste / products that contain metals. Above all, the recovery of non-ferrous and precious metals is desirable.

In der EP-A 0 125 435 wird ein Verfahren zur Aufbereitung von mit einer Oberflächenbeschichtung versehenen Metallteilen beschrieben. Hierbei werden die aufzubereitenden Metallteile auf eine Korngröße von 1 mm bis 20 mm zerkleinert, diese Grobfraktionen einer Feinzerkleinerung in Mikro-Wirbel-Mühlen zugeführt, auf der die Grobfraktionen auf eine Korngröße von etwa 300 µm zerkleinert wird. Anschließend erfolgt ein Trennen des Feststoffgemisches aus Metallfraktion und Nichtmetallfraktion in Sichtern in die Metallfraktion und die Nichtmetallfraktion. Die Nichtmetallfraktion wird agglomeriert und die Metallfraktion zur Weiterverarbeitung abgeführt.EP-A 0 125 435 describes a process for the treatment of metal parts provided with a surface coating described. Here, the metal parts to be processed are crushed to a grain size of 1 mm to 20 mm, these coarse fractions are subjected to fine comminution in micro-vortex mills, on which the coarse fractions are crushed to a grain size of approximately 300 µm. The solid mixture of metal fraction and non-metal fraction in separators is then separated into the metal fraction and the non-metal fraction. The non-metal fraction is agglomerated and the metal fraction is removed for further processing.

Mit diesem Verfahren wird bereits ein erheblicher Erfolg beim Recycling erzielt, allerdings befindet sich in der Metallfraktion noch eine Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Metalle, die ebenfalls separiert werden sollen.This process already achieves considerable success in recycling, but there is still a large number of different metals in the metal fraction, which should also be separated.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren der o.g. Art zu entwickeln, mittels welchem eine Metallfraktion noch weiter aufgeschlossen werden kann. Vor allem sollen der Metallfraktion Bunt- und/oder Edelmetalle entzogen werden.The present invention has for its object to provide a method of the above. To develop a way by which a metal fraction can be broken down even further. Above all, non-ferrous and / or precious metals should be removed from the metal fraction.

Zur Lösung dieser Aufgabe führt, daß die Metallteile, ggfs. nach dem Abtrennen der anderen Bestandteile, optisch erfaßt und Metallteile mit einer bestimmten Farbgebung ausgesondert werden.The solution to this problem is that the metal parts, if necessary after the separation of the other components, are optically detected and metal parts with a specific coloring are separated out.

Dieses Verfahren ist vor allem bei Bunt- und/oder insbesondere bei Edelmetallen anwendbar. Bekannt ist, daß Goldbestandteile eine gelbe oder rötliche Färbung aufweisen. Andere Metallteile, wie beispielsweise Eisen sind dagegen dunkel gefärbt. Gemäß dem vorliegenden Verfahren wird nun die Lage der gelben Metallteile, d.h. von Goldkörnchen oder vergoldeten Teilchen/Körnchen ermittelt, die dann ausgesondert werden.This method is particularly applicable to non-ferrous and / or especially precious metals. It is known that gold components have a yellow or reddish color. In contrast, other metal parts, such as iron, are colored dark. According to the present method, the position of the yellow metal parts, ie of gold granules or gold-plated particles / granules, is determined, which are then separated out.

Damit eine geeignete optische Erfassung erfolgen kann, sollten die Metallteile vorher zerkleinert, beispielsweise gemahlen und auf einer Transporteinrichtung vor dem Erfassen vereinzelt werden. Hierzu bietet sich beispielsweise ein Transportband an, welches als Gitter ausgebildet ist, wobei die Maschenweite geringer als der kleinste Durchmesser der Metallfraktion ist.So that a suitable optical detection can take place, the metal parts should first be crushed, for example ground and separated on a transport device before the detection. For this purpose, for example, a conveyor belt is suitable, which is designed as a grid, the mesh size being smaller than the smallest diameter of the metal fraction.

Möglich wäre auch die Einteilung eines Transportbandes in bestimmte Abteile, wobei hierzu in das Transportband entsprechende Mulden eingeformt sein können. Möglich ist auch die Vereinzelung durch die Einleitung der Metallteile in enge Kanäle, so daß die Metallteile in Reihen hintereinander weitergeführt werden. Es ist erkennbar, daß eine Vielzahl von Möglichkeiten denkbar sind, die von der vorliegenden Erfindung umfaßt sein sollen.It would also be possible to divide a conveyor belt into specific compartments, for which purpose corresponding troughs can be formed in the conveyor belt. Separation is also possible by introducing the metal parts into narrow channels, so that the metal parts are continued in rows one after the other. It can be seen that a large number of possibilities are conceivable which are intended to be encompassed by the present invention.

Von der Erfindung wird auch eine Vorrichtung mit Einrichtungen zum Zerkleinern, zum Mahlen und zum Trennen von Metallbestandteilen von anderen Bestandteilen erfaßt. Auf die Einrichtung zum Trennen der Metallbestandteile soll eine Transporteinrichtung folgen, der eine Einrichtung zur Erkennung von Farbunterschieden der Metallbestandteile zugeordnet und diese unter Zwischenschaltung eines Rechners mit einem Ejektor verbunden ist.The invention also covers a device with devices for comminuting, grinding and separating metal components from other components. The device for separating the metal components is to be followed by a transport device which is assigned a device for detecting color differences in the metal components and which is connected to an ejector with the interposition of a computer.

Für die optische Erfassung der Farbunterschiede der Metallteile bietet sich vor allem eine Zeilenkamera an, welche auf optoelektronischem Wege arbeitet. Jedoch sind auch hier andere Möglichkeiten denkbar.A line camera, which works by optoelectronic means, is particularly suitable for the optical detection of the color differences of the metal parts. However, other options are also conceivable here.

Das Aussondern der erfaßten Metallteile einer bestimmten Farbgebung mittels des Ejektors kann ebenfalls auf verschiedenem Wege erfolgen. Denkbar ist beispielsweise, daß unter einem gitterförmigen Transportband eine Vielzahl von Ejektordüsen angeordnet sind, welche die erfaßten Metallteile abblasen. Zu diesem Zweck ist der Ejektor mit der Zeilenkamera verbunden, wobei über eine entsprechende Steuerung die einzelnen Ejektordüsen je nach Lageerfassung durch die Zeilenkammera betätigt werden.The separation of the detected metal parts of a certain color by means of the ejector can also be done in different ways. It is conceivable, for example, that a plurality of ejector nozzles are arranged under a grid-shaped conveyor belt, which blow off the metal parts detected. For this purpose the ejector is with connected to the line camera, the individual ejector nozzles being actuated by the line chamber depending on the position detection via a corresponding control.

Denkbar ist auch das Entfernen auf mechanischem Wege, beispielsweise durch Stößel, wobei die erfaßten Metallteile durch das Transportband hindurch nach unten ausgestoßen werden. Dies sind nur einige Möglichkeiten, die verdeutlichen sollen, daß der Ejektor auf die unterschiedlichste Art und Weise arbeiten kann.It is also conceivable to remove it mechanically, for example by means of a plunger, the metal parts detected being ejected downwards through the conveyor belt. These are just a few of the ways that the ejector can work in a variety of ways.

Möglich ist sowohl ein kontinuierliches Selektieren von Metallteilchen als auch ein chargenweises. Hier könnte anstelle eines Transportbandes verschiedene Gitterrahmen vorgesehen sein, die getrennt dem Ejektor zugeführt und bearbeitet werden.Continuous selection of metal particles as well as batchwise is possible. Here, instead of a conveyor belt, various lattice frames could be provided, which are fed and processed separately to the ejector.

Beispielsweise könnten die Metallteilchen auch nach dem Separieren von anderen Bestandteilen durch Siebebenen laufen und je nach Größe und/oder Gewicht getrennt werden. Die einzelnen Größen können dann auf einen entsprechenden Rahmen mit Unterteilungen gegeben, von der Zeilenkamera erfaßt und jeder Rahmen einzeln dem Ejektor zugeführt werden. Hier sind noch weitere Möglichkeiten denkbar, die von der Erfindung umfaßt sein sollen.For example, the metal particles could also run through sieve levels after the separation of other constituents and be separated depending on the size and / or weight. The individual sizes can then be placed on a corresponding frame with subdivisions, captured by the line scan camera and each frame can be fed individually to the ejector. Further possibilities are also conceivable here, which are intended to be included in the invention.

Obwohl das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren vor allem beim Recyclieren von Metallen anwendbar ist, soll darauf die vorliegende Erfindung nicht beschränkt sein. Es ist erfindungsgemäß immer dann anwendbar, wenn ein bestimmtes Metall aus einer Menge ausgesondert werden soll.Although the method according to the invention can be used above all in the recycling of metals, the present invention should not be restricted to this. According to the invention, it can always be used when a certain metal is to be separated from a quantity.

Weitere Vorteile, Merkmale und Einzelheiten der Erfindung ergeben sich aus der nachfolgenden Beschreibung bevorzugter Ausführungsbeispiele sowie anhand der Zeichnung; diese zeigt in

  • Figur 1 eine blockschaltbildliche Darstellung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens zum Trennen von Metallen aus einer Menge;
  • Figur 2 eine Draufsicht auf ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Transportbandes, welches bei dem Verfahren gemäß Figur 1 benutzt wird;
  • Figur 3 einen Querschnitt durch das Transportband gemäß Figur 2 mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Ejektor.
Further advantages, features and details of the invention result from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments and from the drawing; this shows in
  • Figure 1 is a block diagram representation of the inventive method for separating metals from a set;
  • FIG. 2 shows a top view of an exemplary embodiment of a conveyor belt which is used in the method according to FIG. 1;
  • 3 shows a cross section through the conveyor belt according to Figure 2 with an ejector according to the invention.

Gemäß dem in Figur 1 dargestellten Verfahren zum Trennen von Metallen aus einer Menge, insbesondere zum Aussondern von Buntmetallen aus anderen Metallen beim Recyclieren von Elektronikschrott, wird dieser Schrott 1 in einem ersten Schritt zerkleinert. Die Zerkleinerung kann beispielsweise in einem Shredder 2 erfolgen.According to the method shown in FIG. 1 for separating metals from a quantity, in particular for separating non-ferrous metals from other metals when recycling electronic scrap, this scrap 1 is comminuted in a first step. The shredding can take place, for example, in a shredder 2.

Aus dem Shredder 2 gelangt die zerkleinerte Menge in eine Mühle 3, in welcher der Schrott 1 gemahlen wird. Bevorzugt erfolgt dabei eine Trennung von beispielsweise Kunststoffbestandteilen von den Metallpartikeln. Als Mühle wird bevorzugt eine Prallmühle, Mikrowirbelmühle oder Turbomühle verwendet, in der die zu mahlenden Bestandteile aufeinanderprallen. Hierdurch erfolgt eine wirkungsvolle Ablösung des Kunststoffes von den Metallpartikeln und gleichzeitig eine Verkugelung der Metallpartikel. Die Metallkörner in der Mühle 3 erreichen bevorzugt einen Durchmesser von 1 bis 5 mm.From the shredder 2, the shredded amount reaches a mill 3, in which the scrap 1 is ground. Preferably, for example, plastic components are separated from the metal particles. An impact mill, micro vortex mill or turbo mill is preferably used as the mill, in which the components to be ground collide. This effectively separates the plastic from the metal particles and simultaneously spheres the metal particles. The metal grains in the mill 3 preferably reach a diameter of 1 to 5 mm.

Aus der Mühle 3 gelangen sämtliche Bestandteile, d.h., bevorzugt Kunststoff und Metall in einen Separator 4. Als Separator 4 kann jede geeignete Einrichtung Anwendung finden, in welcher die Trennung der Teile, insbesondere der Kunststoffteile von den Metallteilen möglich ist. Hierzu gehören ebenso Siebe, wie beispielsweise Windsichter oder Wassertische. Dies sind jedoch nur Beispiele.All components, ie, preferably plastic and metal, pass from the mill 3 into a separator 4. As Separator 4 can be used in any suitable device in which it is possible to separate the parts, in particular the plastic parts, from the metal parts. This also includes sieves, such as wind sifters or water tables. However, these are just examples.

Auf den Separator 4 können, nicht dargestellt, Siebebenen oder dergleichen Trenneinrichtungen folgen, mittels welchen eine Aufteilungen der Metallteile nach unterschiedlichen definierten Korngrößen oder -gewicht erfolgt.The separator 4, not shown, can be followed by sieve levels or similar separation devices, by means of which the metal parts are divided according to differently defined grain sizes or weights.

Aus dem Separator 4 werden bevorzugt die einzelnen nichtmetallischen Bestandteile, wie insbesondere Kunststoff durch einen Austrag 5 ausgetragen. Die metallischen Bestandteile gelangen dagegen aus einem Auslauf 6 auf eine Transporteinrichtung 7. Auf dieser Transporteinrichtung 7 erfolgt dann bevorzugt eine Vereinzelung der Metallbestandteile, wie dies in Figur 2 beispielhaft angedeutet ist.The individual non-metallic components, such as in particular plastic, are preferably discharged from the separator 4 through a discharge 5. The metallic components, on the other hand, pass from an outlet 6 to a transport device 7. The metal components are then preferably separated on this transport device 7, as is indicated by way of example in FIG. 2.

Die Transporteinrichtung 7a gemäß Figur 2 weist ein Transportband 8 auf, welches einzelne Abteile 9 für Metallkugeln 10 ausbildet. Dabei sind beispielhaft Metallkugeln 10a mit einer hellen Färbung, insbesonder Goldfärbung, und dunkle Metallkugeln 10b mit dunkler Färbung angedeutet. Diese Metallkugeln 10a und 10b befinden sich jeweils in einem Abteil 9 und sind so separiert.The transport device 7a according to FIG. 2 has a transport belt 8 which forms individual compartments 9 for metal balls 10. Metal balls 10a with a light coloring, in particular gold coloring, and dark metal balls 10b with dark coloring are indicated by way of example. These metal balls 10a and 10b are each located in a compartment 9 and are thus separated.

Ueber der Transporteinrichtung 7 befindet sich eine optische Erkennungseinrichtung 11 mittels welcher Farbunterschiede der Metallkugeln 10 erfaßt werden können. Die Lage dieser Metallkugeln 10 wird über eine Leitung 12 an einen nicht näher gezeigten Rechner und von diesem an einen Ejektor 13 weitergegeben, mittels welchem Metallkugeln einer bestimmten Färbung von der Transportein-richtung 7 entfernt werden. Dies kann beispielsweise durch Abblasen oder Ausstoßen geschehen. Hier sind viele Möglich-keiten denkbar und sollen im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung liegen.Above the transport device 7 there is an optical detection device 11 by means of which color differences of the metal balls 10 can be detected. The position of these metal balls 10 is passed via a line 12 to a computer (not shown in more detail) and from there to an ejector 13, by means of which metal balls of a certain color are removed from the transport device 7. This can be done, for example, by blowing off or expelling. There are many options here conceivable and should be within the scope of the present invention.

In Figur 3 ist als Beispiel eines Ejektors 13a ein mechanisch arbeitender Ejektor dargestellt. Dieser arbeitet mit Stößeln 14, die eine Metallkugel 10a bestimmter Färbung durch das Transportband 8 hindurchdrücken, so daß die Metallkugel 10a in einen Aufnahmebehälter 15 fallen kann. Die Metallkugeln 10b mit einer anderen Färbung verbleiben auf dem Transportband 8.A mechanically operating ejector is shown in FIG. 3 as an example of an ejector 13a. This works with plungers 14 which push a metal ball 10a of a certain color through the conveyor belt 8, so that the metal ball 10a can fall into a receptacle 15. The metal balls 10b with a different color remain on the conveyor belt 8.

Damit das Durchdrücken möglich wird, weist die Transporteinrichtung 7a im Bereich eines Abteils 9 einen Schlitz 16 auf. Das Transportband 8 ist so elastisch ausgebildet, daß sich der Schlitz 16 nach dem Ausstoßen der Metallkugel 10 wieder schließt.In order to make it possible to push through, the transport device 7a has a slot 16 in the region of a compartment 9. The conveyor belt 8 is so elastic that the slot 16 closes again after the metal ball 10 has been ejected.

Claims (11)

Verfahren zum Erkennen und selektiven Trennen von Metallen aus einer Menge, insbesondere zum Aussondern von Bunt- und/oder Edelmetallen aus anderen Metallen beim Recyclieren von Schrott, insbesondere Elektronikschrott,
dadurch gekennzeichnet,
daß die Metallteile, ggfs. nach dem Abtrennen von anderen Bestandteilen, optisch erfaßt und Metallteile mit einer bestimmten Farbgebung ausgesondert werden.Method for recognizing and selectively separating metals from a quantity, in particular for separating non-ferrous and / or noble metals from other metals when recycling scrap, in particular electronic scrap
characterized,
that the metal parts, if necessary. After separating from other components, optically detected and metal parts with a certain color scheme are separated. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Menge vor dem optischen Erfassen zerkleinert, insbesondere gemahlen wird.A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the amount is crushed, in particular ground, before optical detection. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Metallteile auf einer Transporteinrichtung vor dem Erfassen vereinzelt werden.A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the metal parts are separated on a transport device before the detection. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß ein optisches Erfassen auf optoelektronischem Wege mittels einer Zeilenkamera erfolgt.Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that an optical detection is carried out optoelectronically by means of a line scan camera. Vorrichtung zum Erkennen und selektiven Trennen von Metallen aus einer Menge, insbesondere zum Aussondern von Bunt- und/oder Edelmetallen aus anderen Metallen beim Recyclieren von Schrott, insbesondere Elektronikschrott, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß einer Transporteinrichtung (7), eine Einrichtung (11) zur Erkennung von Farbunterschieden der Metallbestandteile zugeordnet und diese über einen Rechner mit einem Ejektor (13) verbunden ist.Device for detecting and selectively separating metals from a quantity, in particular for separating non-ferrous and / or noble metals from other metals when recycling scrap, in particular electronic scrap, characterized in that a transport device (7), a device (11) for detection assigned color differences of the metal components and this is connected via a computer to an ejector (13). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Transporteinrichtung (7) eine Einrichtung (2, 3, 4) zum Zerkleinern und/oder Mahlen und ggfs. zum Trennen von Metallbestandteilen von anderen Bestandteilen vorgeschaltet ist.Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the transport device (7) is preceded by a device (2, 3, 4) for comminuting and / or grinding and, if necessary, for separating metal components from other components. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 5 oder 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Transporteinrichtung (7) eine Vereinzelungseinrichtung zugeordnet ist.Device according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that a separating device is assigned to the transport device (7). Vorrichtung nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß auf der Transporteinrichtung (7) Abteile (9) für die Metallbestandteile ausgebildet sind.Device according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that compartments (9) for the metal components are formed on the transport device (7). Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Transporteinrichtung (7) ein Gitter ist.Device according to claim 8, characterized in that the transport device (7) is a grid. Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Einrichtung zur Erkennung von Farbunterschieden der Metallbestandteile eine optoelektro-nische Zeilenkamera ist.Device according to at least one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the device for detecting color differences in the metal components is an optoelectronic line camera. Vorrichtung nach wenigstens einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß der Ejektor (13) mechanisch arbeitende Stößel aufweist.Device according to at least one of claims 5 to 10, characterized in that the ejector (13) has mechanically working plungers.
EP94119796A 1993-12-24 1994-12-15 Method for recognizing and selectively separating metals from a mixture. Withdrawn EP0661107A3 (en)

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DE4344381 1993-12-24
DE4344381 1993-12-24
DE4402937A DE4402937A1 (en) 1993-12-24 1994-02-01 Method of recognizing and selectively separating metals from a set
DE4402937 1994-02-01

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EP0661107A3 EP0661107A3 (en) 1996-07-31

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1801246A2 (en) * 2005-12-23 2007-06-27 EGN Entsorgungsgesellschaft Niederrhein mbH Method and installation for separating metal/plastic composites in recycling spent electrical appliances
EP2303462A1 (en) * 2008-06-11 2011-04-06 Thomas A. Valerio Method and system for recovering metal from processed recycled materials
EP3766994A4 (en) * 2018-03-16 2022-02-09 JX Nippon Mining & Metals Corporation Method for processing electronic and electrical device component scrap

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DE2651235A1 (en) * 1976-11-10 1978-05-18 Grisebach Hans Theodor Sepn. of non-ferrous metals from mixts. - by use of chemical, optical, and/or electrical sensors after classification into uniform size or shape for effective identification
EP0125435A2 (en) * 1983-04-16 1984-11-21 Metallwarenfabrik Stockach GmbH Process and installation for preparing coated metallic articles and for obtaining spherical metallic particles
DE3701335A1 (en) * 1987-01-19 1988-07-28 Buehler Miag Gmbh Method and device for optical separation

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE2651235A1 (en) * 1976-11-10 1978-05-18 Grisebach Hans Theodor Sepn. of non-ferrous metals from mixts. - by use of chemical, optical, and/or electrical sensors after classification into uniform size or shape for effective identification
EP0125435A2 (en) * 1983-04-16 1984-11-21 Metallwarenfabrik Stockach GmbH Process and installation for preparing coated metallic articles and for obtaining spherical metallic particles
DE3701335A1 (en) * 1987-01-19 1988-07-28 Buehler Miag Gmbh Method and device for optical separation

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1801246A2 (en) * 2005-12-23 2007-06-27 EGN Entsorgungsgesellschaft Niederrhein mbH Method and installation for separating metal/plastic composites in recycling spent electrical appliances
EP1801246A3 (en) * 2005-12-23 2008-03-26 EGN Entsorgungsgesellschaft Niederrhein mbH Method and installation for separating metal/plastic composites in recycling spent electrical appliances
EP2303462A1 (en) * 2008-06-11 2011-04-06 Thomas A. Valerio Method and system for recovering metal from processed recycled materials
EP2303462A4 (en) * 2008-06-11 2014-01-01 Thomas A Valerio Method and system for recovering metal from processed recycled materials
EP3766994A4 (en) * 2018-03-16 2022-02-09 JX Nippon Mining & Metals Corporation Method for processing electronic and electrical device component scrap
US11554388B2 (en) 2018-03-16 2023-01-17 Jx Nippon Mining & Metals Copporation Method for processing electronic and electrical device component scrap

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