EP0656994B1 - Air-aspiration system for an internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Air-aspiration system for an internal-combustion engine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0656994B1
EP0656994B1 EP92918026A EP92918026A EP0656994B1 EP 0656994 B1 EP0656994 B1 EP 0656994B1 EP 92918026 A EP92918026 A EP 92918026A EP 92918026 A EP92918026 A EP 92918026A EP 0656994 B1 EP0656994 B1 EP 0656994B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
pipe
intake
container
combustion engine
internal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP92918026A
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German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0656994A1 (en
Inventor
Walter TÖPFER
Franz Eberle
Norbert Kleinehakenkamp
Dietmar KRÜGER
Michail Iljtch Fesina
Rudolf Natanovitch Starobinskij
Jurij Petrovitch Lasarev
Evgenij Vasiljevitch Lysenko
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Avto Waz Volga Automovile Associated Works
AVTO-WAZ VOLGA AUTOMOBILE ASSOCIATED WORKS
Original Assignee
Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Avto Waz Volga Automovile Associated Works
AVTO-WAZ VOLGA AUTOMOBILE ASSOCIATED WORKS
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Application filed by Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG, Avto Waz Volga Automovile Associated Works, AVTO-WAZ VOLGA AUTOMOBILE ASSOCIATED WORKS filed Critical Dr Ing HCF Porsche AG
Publication of EP0656994A1 publication Critical patent/EP0656994A1/en
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Publication of EP0656994B1 publication Critical patent/EP0656994B1/en
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10209—Fluid connections to the air intake system; their arrangement of pipes, valves or the like
    • F02M35/10222—Exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]; Positive crankcase ventilation [PCV]; Additional air admission, lubricant or fuel vapour admission
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10006—Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by the position of elements of the air intake system in direction of the air intake flow, i.e. between ambient air inlet and supply to the combustion chamber
    • F02M35/10026—Plenum chambers
    • F02M35/10039—Intake ducts situated partly within or on the plenum chamber housing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10091—Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by details of intake ducts: shapes; connections; arrangements
    • F02M35/10118—Air intakes; Induction systems characterised by details of intake ducts: shapes; connections; arrangements with variable cross-sections of intake ducts along their length; Venturis; Diffusers
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10209—Fluid connections to the air intake system; their arrangement of pipes, valves or the like
    • F02M35/10236—Overpressure or vacuum relief means; Burst protection
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10242—Devices or means connected to or integrated into air intakes; Air intakes combined with other engine or vehicle parts
    • F02M35/10281—Means to remove, re-atomise or redistribute condensed fuel; Means to avoid fuel particles from separating from the mixture
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/10242—Devices or means connected to or integrated into air intakes; Air intakes combined with other engine or vehicle parts
    • F02M35/10295—Damping means, e.g. tranquillising chamber to dampen air oscillations
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M35/00—Combustion-air cleaners, air intakes, intake silencers, or induction systems specially adapted for, or arranged on, internal-combustion engines
    • F02M35/10—Air intakes; Induction systems
    • F02M35/104—Intake manifolds
    • F02M35/1045—Intake manifolds characterised by the charge distribution between the cylinders/combustion chambers or its homogenisation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an internal combustion engine with an intake system according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the object of the invention is to provide an intake system for an internal combustion engine which, in addition to reducing airborne noise, also causes a reduction in pollutant emissions.
  • the mouth of the nozzle is arranged at a defined distance from the center of gravity of the interior volume of the container of the intake system.
  • the connecting piece can advantageously also have an oblique opening, which brings about an increased mixing of the flows from the pollutant reducing device and from the suction connecting piece.
  • a constriction of the tube in the manner of a diffuser in the area of the entry of the pipe socket into the intake pipe causes an increase in the flow rate of the gas flow from the intake pipe in the area of the constriction, as a result of which an additional gas flow is generated from the pollutant reduction device and a mixing effect is brought about.
  • the internal combustion engine comprises an intake system with a container 1, the interior A of which is connected to a cylinder head via individual intake pipes 2, 3, 4 and 5.
  • An intake port 6 of the container 1 is connected to a projecting intake pipe 7 for air supply, which is connected to an air supply system.
  • a pollutant reduction device R which comprises at least one exhaust gas recirculation device 9, a housing ventilation system 10, an additional air supply system 11 and a fuel vapor collection system 12, is connected to the interior A of the container 1 via a pipe socket 8.
  • the pipe branch 8 branching off from the pollutant reduction system R is shown in more detail, which is located in front of the free end of the pipe 7 with its mouth opening 14 in a plane 0-0 of the container cross section, which is approximately through the center of gravity SP of the inner volume of the container 1 runs.
  • the pipe socket 8 has a radius r and is connected to at least one or more of the systems 9, 10, 11 or 12.
  • the gas volume in the interior A of the container 1 can be regarded as a mass distributed in the volume which has its own elastic characteristic values. This mass is stimulated by the individual intake pipes 2 to 5, which are connected to the individual engine cylinders, and by the pipe socket 8 of the pollutant reduction device R. This excitation causes the gas volume in interior A to start vibrating in the natural frequency range.
  • the most intense vibrations are the vibrations of the gas volume in the interior A in the lowest natural resonance form, as shown in FIG. 3, which are characterized by strong bundling (and with P max) and by a node, where P is 0.
  • this increases the pulsation intensity of the pressures in the lines of the pollutant reduction device R and on the other hand it increases Sound radiation to the environment by means of the components that connect the gas pipes of the engine to the outside.
  • the arrangement according to the invention is intended either to rule out the influence of the gas volume vibrations in space A in the most energy-intensive natural resonance forms on the acoustic and gas dynamic processes, or in any case to substantially reduce them, in order to improve the pollutant properties of the engine.
  • the mouth 14 of the pipe socket 8 of the pollutant reduction device R is connected to the interior A of the container 1 in the plane 0-0, which corresponds to the plane of the cross section of the container 1 and through the center of gravity SP of the volume of the room A in the engine of the container 1 runs.
  • the influence of this most energy-intensive form of the vibrations in room A on the gas-dynamic processes that take place in the connections of the pollutant reduction device R during engine operation is minimal, so that the currents in the lines of the systems 9 to 12 become stationary or approach this physical state . This ultimately increases the performance of these systems 9 to 12 and reduces the pollutants of the engine.
  • the acoustic energy of the waveform to be considered (and all other analog, non-straight waveforms) is not transmitted from the interior A via the orifice 14 and further into the surroundings, which leads to an improvement in the acoustic motor properties.
  • the effectiveness is increased if the dynamic flow pattern in front of the mouth opening 14 of the pipe socket 8 is merged with the center of gravity SP of the volume of the container 1. With this flow pattern, the influence of the dynamic process that takes place in the pipe socket 8 can be taken into account in a defined manner.
  • the focal point of the level of the output speeds of the gas stream pulsating in the pipe socket 8 is preferably in the infinite space at a distance of 0.6 r in front of the opening of the nozzle 8. The distance can effectively be in a range from 0.4 to 0.8 r, which is related to the scatter of design, process engineering and other factors.
  • the position of the dynamic flow in front of the nozzle 8 in the room excludes the excitation of the gas volume in room A in the nozzle 8 with the lowest Self-oscillation form (from Fig. 3), ie the most energy-intensive form, which increases the acoustic characteristics of the motor accordingly.
  • the pipe socket 8 with its outlet opening 14 opens into the interior B of the pipe 7 with the intake pipe 6 for air supply.
  • the pipe socket 8 has a bevel 25 or 26 at its free end, so that, according to the embodiment according to FIG. 5, the oblique opening 14 of the inlet opening 21 of the intake socket 6 is trimmed. In the further embodiment according to FIG. 6, the oblique opening 14 of the opening 21 is turned away.
  • FIG. 7 shows an embodiment of an intake pipe 7 which acts as a diffuser.
  • the area of the pipe 7 into which the pipe socket 8 opens is provided with a cross-sectional reduction 23.
  • the gases flow from the systems 9 to 12 via the pipe socket 8 of the pollutant reduction device R into the cavity B of the tube 7.
  • the gas flow in the recirculation system 9 and in the housing ventilation system 10 is at a considerable temperature, as a result of which intense heat is generated in the cavity B. - and mass exchange of the gas stream from plants 9 to 12 takes place, as well as their effective mixing.
  • the gas flow mentioned gives off part of its heat to the power flow mixture entering the engine cylinder, as a result of which the evaporability of the liquid phases of the fuel mixture is increased and the mixture becomes fine, disperse and homogeneous.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Exhaust-Gas Circulating Devices (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Supplying Secondary Fuel Or The Like To Fuel, Air Or Fuel-Air Mixtures (AREA)

Abstract

The invention concerns an internal-combustion engine air-aspiration system which includes an enclosure (1) with an inlet pipe (6) and separate suction pipes (2 to 5) which are connected to the cylinder head and open out in the individual cylinders. The interior (A) of the enclosure is connected to a pollutant-reduction system which includes at least one of the following units: a housing-air evacuation unit, a supplementary-air supply unit, a fuel-vapour removal unit and an exhaust-gas recycling unit. Mounted on the inlet pipe (6) is an intake tube which extends into the enclosure of the air-aspiration system and which opens out at a point approximately in the plane between the two middle suction pipes (3, 4), a pipe connecting the units of the pollutant-reduction system opening out in the interior (A) of the enclosure at the same point.

Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einer Ansauganlage nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to an internal combustion engine with an intake system according to the preamble of claim 1.

In einer Ansauganlage einer Brennkraftmaschine entstehen aufgrund eines variablen Luftdurchsatzes zu den einzelnen Zylindern Luftschallgeräusche, die nach außen hin abstrahlen können. Desweiteren wird eine Hin- und Herbewegung der Kolben in den Zylindern der Brennkraftmaschine von einer Volumenänderung der Luftzuführung zu den einzelnen Motorzylindern und der Abgasanlage begleitet. Dabei bewegen sich die Gase in den genannten Leitungen mit den Druckschwankungen, deren Größenordnung und Richtung vom Motorbetrieb bestimmt wird. Diese Druckschwankungen der Gase sind die Ursache für gasdynamische und akustische Erscheinungen, die sich unter bestimmten Bedingungen negativ auf den Motorbetrieb auswirken. Insbesondere bestimmen die Volumen der Leitungen die Schallabstrahlung, welche von den Teilen erzeugt wird, die die Gasleitungen mit der Außenluft verbinden, z.B. die Einlaßöffnung der Luftansaugung des Luftreinigers oder die Auslaßöffnung der Abgasrohre. Dieselben Gründe verursachen eine Unstetigkeit der Gasströme in den Leitungen der Schadstoffreduziereinrichtung, was deren Funktion erheblich beeinträchtigen kann.In an intake system of an internal combustion engine, due to a variable air flow to the individual cylinders, airborne noise is generated which can radiate to the outside. Furthermore, a reciprocating movement of the pistons in the cylinders of the internal combustion engine is accompanied by a change in the volume of the air supply to the individual engine cylinders and the exhaust system. The gases in the lines mentioned move with the pressure fluctuations, the magnitude and direction of which are determined by engine operation. These pressure fluctuations in the gases are the cause of gas dynamic and acoustic phenomena, which have a negative effect on engine operation under certain conditions. In particular, the volumes of the ducts determine the sound radiation generated by the parts connecting the gas ducts to the outside air, e.g. the inlet opening of the air intake of the air cleaner or the outlet opening of the exhaust pipes. The same reasons cause a discontinuity in the gas flows in the lines of the pollutant reduction device, which can significantly impair its function.

Aus der GB-A 2 228 046 ist eine Ansauganlage für mehrere Zylinder einer Brennkraftmaschine bekannt, bei der den Einlaß-Ansaugrohren Sekundärluft zugeführt oder mit einer Abgasrückführeinrichtung verbunden ist, damit eine Verbesserung der Abgaswerte durch eine gesteigerte Nachverbrennung erzielt wird.From GB-A 2 228 046 an intake system for several cylinders of an internal combustion engine is known, in which secondary air is supplied to the intake intake pipes or is connected to an exhaust gas recirculation device, so that an improvement in the exhaust gas values is achieved by increased post-combustion.

Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, eine Ansauganlage für eine Brennkraftmaschine zu schaffen, die neben einer Reduzierung von Luftschallgeräuschen auch eine Verminderung von Schadstoffemissionen bewirkt.The object of the invention is to provide an intake system for an internal combustion engine which, in addition to reducing airborne noise, also causes a reduction in pollutant emissions.

Diese Aufgabe wird erfindungsgemäß durch die kennzeichnenden Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 gelöst. Weitere vorteilhafte Merkmale beinhalten die Unteransprüche.This object is achieved according to the invention by the characterizing features of claim 1. The dependent claims contain further advantageous features.

Durch die Anordnung eines in den Behälterinnenraum der Ansauganlage ragenden Ansaugrohres, das mit Ansaugstutzen des Behälters verbunden ist, wird im wesentlichen eine Geräuschreduzierung erreicht, wobei dieses Rohr in Verbindung mit einer von einer Schadstoffreduzierungseinrichtung abzweigenden Stutzens, der ebenfalls in den Innenraum des Behälters bzw. des Rohres einmündet, eine wesentliche Verminderung der Schadstoffemission erzielt wird.The arrangement of an intake pipe protruding into the container interior of the intake system, which is connected to the intake port of the container, in essentially achieves a reduction in noise, this pipe, in conjunction with a branch branching off from a pollutant reduction device, which also opens into the interior of the container or pipe, achieving a substantial reduction in pollutant emissions.

Hierzu ist die Mündungsöffnung des Stutzens in einem definierten Abstand zum Schwerpunkt des Innenraumvolumens des Behälters der Ansauganlage angeordnet.For this purpose, the mouth of the nozzle is arranged at a defined distance from the center of gravity of the interior volume of the container of the intake system.

Der Stutzen kann in vorteilhafter Weise auch eine schräge Mündungsöffnung aufweisen, die eine gesteigerte Vermischung der Ströme aus der Schadstoffreduziereinrichtung und aus dem Ansaugstutzen bewirkt.The connecting piece can advantageously also have an oblique opening, which brings about an increased mixing of the flows from the pollutant reducing device and from the suction connecting piece.

Eine Verengung des Rohres nach Art eines Diffusors im Bereich des Eintritts des Rohrstutzens in das Ansaugrohr bewirkt im Bereich der Verengung eine Steigerung der Strömungsgeschwindigkeit des Gasstromes aus dem Ansaugstutzen, wodurch ein zusätzlicher Gasstrom aus der Schadstoffreduzierungseinrichtung erzeugt und ein Vermischungseffekt bewirkt wird.A constriction of the tube in the manner of a diffuser in the area of the entry of the pipe socket into the intake pipe causes an increase in the flow rate of the gas flow from the intake pipe in the area of the constriction, as a result of which an additional gas flow is generated from the pollutant reduction device and a mixing effect is brought about.

Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und werden im folgenden näher beschrieben.Embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawing and are described in more detail below.

Es zeigen

Fig. 1
einen Schnitt durch einen Behälter einer Ansauganlage mit eingesetztem Ansaugrohr und zugeordneter Schadstoffreduzierungseinrichtung mit verbundenem Stutzen,
Fig. 2
eine Ausführung des Behälters mit definierter Lage des Stutzens,
Fig. 3
eine Darstellung des Schalldruckes im Behälterinnenraum auf der untersten Energieschwingungsform des Luftvolumens,
Fig. 4
eine Schnittdarstellung des Behälters der Ansauganlage mit verbundener Schadstoffreduzierungseinrichtung,
Fig. 5
Ansichten des in das Ansaugrohr hineinragenden angeschrägten und 6 Stutzens der Schadstoffreduzierungseinrichtung, und
Fig. 7
eine Ausführung des Ansaugrohres als Diffusor mit verbundenem Stutzen.
Show it
Fig. 1
3 shows a section through a container of an intake system with an inserted intake pipe and associated pollutant reduction device with a connected connecting piece,
Fig. 2
a design of the container with a defined position of the nozzle,
Fig. 3
a representation of the sound pressure in the container interior on the lowest energy vibration form of the air volume,
Fig. 4
2 shows a sectional view of the container of the intake system with a connected pollutant reduction device,
Fig. 5
Views of the beveled and 6 connecting piece of the pollutant reduction device protruding into the intake pipe, and
Fig. 7
an execution of the intake pipe as a diffuser with connected nozzle.

Die Brennkraftmaschine umfasst eine Ansauganlage mit einem Behälter 1, dessen Innenraum A über Einzelsaugrohre 2, 3, 4 und 5 an einen Zylinderkopf angeschlossen ist. Ein Ansaugstutzen 6 des Behälters 1 ist mit einem hineinragenden Ansaugrohr 7 zur Luftzuführung verbunden, welcher an eine Luftzuführanlage angeschlossen ist. Mit dem Innenraum A des Behälters 1 ist über einen Rohrstutzen 8 eine Schadstoffreduzierungseinrichtung R verbunden, die mindestens eine Abgasrückführungseinrichtung 9, eine Gehäuseentlüftungsanlage 10, eine Zusatzluftzuführungsanlage 11 und eine Kraftstoffdampfauffanganlage 12 umfasst.The internal combustion engine comprises an intake system with a container 1, the interior A of which is connected to a cylinder head via individual intake pipes 2, 3, 4 and 5. An intake port 6 of the container 1 is connected to a projecting intake pipe 7 for air supply, which is connected to an air supply system. A pollutant reduction device R, which comprises at least one exhaust gas recirculation device 9, a housing ventilation system 10, an additional air supply system 11 and a fuel vapor collection system 12, is connected to the interior A of the container 1 via a pipe socket 8.

In den Fig. 2 und 3 ist der von der Schadstoffreduzierungsanlage R abzweigende Rohrstutzen 8 näher dargestellt, der vor dem freien Ende des Rohres 7 mit seiner Mündungsöffnung 14 in einer Ebene 0-0 des Behälterquerschnitts gelegen ist, die etwa durch den Schwerpunkt SP des Innenvolumens des Behälters 1 verläuft. Der Rohrstutzen 8 hat einen Radius r und ist mit mindestens einem oder mehreren der Anlagen 9, 10, 11 oder 12 verbunden.2 and 3 the pipe branch 8 branching off from the pollutant reduction system R is shown in more detail, which is located in front of the free end of the pipe 7 with its mouth opening 14 in a plane 0-0 of the container cross section, which is approximately through the center of gravity SP of the inner volume of the container 1 runs. The pipe socket 8 has a radius r and is connected to at least one or more of the systems 9, 10, 11 or 12.

Im Raum des Behälters 1 läuft beim Motorbetrieb folgender Arbeitsprozeß ab: Das Gasvolumen im Innenraum A des Behälters 1 kann man als im Volumen verteilte Masse betrachten, die über die ihr eigenen elastischen Kennwerte verfügt. Diese Masse wird seitens der Einzelsaugrohre 2 bis 5, die mit den einzelnen Motorzylindern verbunden sind, sowie vom Rohrstutzen 8 der Schadstoffreduzierungseinrichtung R angeregt. Durch diese Erregung beginnt das Gasvolumen im Innenraum A Schwingungen im Eigenfrequenzbereich auszuführen. Die intensivsten Schwingungen sind die Schwingungen des Gasvolumens im Innenraum A in der niedrigsten Eigenresonanzform, wie in Fig. 3 näher dargestellt ist, die sich durch eine starke Bündelung auszeichnen (und mit P max) sowie durch einen Knoten, wobei P - 0 ist. Einerseits vergröBert sich dadurch die Pulsationsintensität der Drücke in den Leitungen der Schadstoffreduzierungseinrichtung R und andererseits steigt die Schallstrahlung an die Umgebung mittels der Bauteile, die die Gasleitungen des Motors nach außen verbinden.The following work process takes place in the area of the container 1 during engine operation: The gas volume in the interior A of the container 1 can be regarded as a mass distributed in the volume which has its own elastic characteristic values. This mass is stimulated by the individual intake pipes 2 to 5, which are connected to the individual engine cylinders, and by the pipe socket 8 of the pollutant reduction device R. This excitation causes the gas volume in interior A to start vibrating in the natural frequency range. The most intense vibrations are the vibrations of the gas volume in the interior A in the lowest natural resonance form, as shown in FIG. 3, which are characterized by strong bundling (and with P max) and by a node, where P is 0. On the one hand this increases the pulsation intensity of the pressures in the lines of the pollutant reduction device R and on the other hand it increases Sound radiation to the environment by means of the components that connect the gas pipes of the engine to the outside.

Durch die erfindungsgemäße Anordnung soll entweder der Einfluß der Gasvolumenschwingungen im Raum A in den energieintensivsten Eigenresonanzformen auf die akustischen und gasdynamischen Prozesse ausgeschlossen oder jedenfalls wesentlich reduziert werden, um damit die schadstoffmäßigen Eigenschaften des Motors zu verbessern.The arrangement according to the invention is intended either to rule out the influence of the gas volume vibrations in space A in the most energy-intensive natural resonance forms on the acoustic and gas dynamic processes, or in any case to substantially reduce them, in order to improve the pollutant properties of the engine.

Zu diesem Zweck ist im Motor die Mündungsöffnung 14 des Rohrstutzens 8 der Schadstoffreduzierungseinrichtung R an den Innenraum A des Behälters 1 in der Ebene 0-0 angeschlossen, die mit der Ebene des Querschnitts des Behälters 1 übereinstimmt und durch den Schwerpunkt SP des Volumens des Raumes A des Behälters 1 verläuft. Wie in Fig. 3 näher gezeigt, entspricht diese Lage der Öffnung 14 seiner Anordnung in der Ebene, in der der Druck P theoretisch = 0 ist und praktisch nahe diesem Wert ist. So wird der Einfluß dieser energieintensivsten Form der Schwingungen im Raum A auf die gasdynamischen Prozesse, die beim Motorbetrieb in den Verbindungen der Schadstoffreduzierungseinrichtung R stattfinden, minimal, so daß die Ströme in den Leitungen der Anlagen 9 bis 12 stationär werden oder sich diesem physikalischen Zustand nähern. Dadurch wird letztendlich die Leistungsfähigkeit dieser Anlagen 9 bis 12 gesteigert und die Schadstoffe des Motors reduziert.For this purpose, the mouth 14 of the pipe socket 8 of the pollutant reduction device R is connected to the interior A of the container 1 in the plane 0-0, which corresponds to the plane of the cross section of the container 1 and through the center of gravity SP of the volume of the room A in the engine of the container 1 runs. As shown in Fig. 3 in more detail, this position of the opening 14 corresponds to its arrangement in the plane in which the pressure P is theoretically = 0 and is practically close to this value. The influence of this most energy-intensive form of the vibrations in room A on the gas-dynamic processes that take place in the connections of the pollutant reduction device R during engine operation is minimal, so that the currents in the lines of the systems 9 to 12 become stationary or approach this physical state . This ultimately increases the performance of these systems 9 to 12 and reduces the pollutants of the engine.

Gleichzeitig damit wird die akustische Energie der zu betrachtenden Schwingungsform (und aller übrigen analogen, nicht-geraden Schwingungsformen) nicht aus dem Innenraum A über die Mündungsöffnung 14 übertragen und weiter in die Umgebung, was zur Verbesserung der akustischen Motoreigenschaften führt.At the same time, the acoustic energy of the waveform to be considered (and all other analog, non-straight waveforms) is not transmitted from the interior A via the orifice 14 and further into the surroundings, which leads to an improvement in the acoustic motor properties.

Die Effektivität wird gesteigert, wenn der dynamische Strömungsverlauf vor der Mündungsöffnung 14 des Rohrstutzens 8 mit dem Schwerpunkt SP des Raumvolumens des Behälters 1 zusammengelegt wird. Mit diesem Strömungsverlauf kann der Einfluß des dynamischen Prozesses definiert berücksichtigt werden, der im Rohrstutzen 8 stattfindet. Der Schwerpunkt der Ebene der Ausgangsgeschwindigkeiten des im Rohrstutzen 8 pulsierenden Gasstromes befindet sich im unendlichen Raum vorzugsweise im Abstand 0,6 r vor der Mündungsöffnung des Stutzens 8. Der Abstand kann wirkungsvoll in einem Bereich von 0,4 bis 0,8 r liegen, was mit der Streuung konstruktiver, verfahrenstechnischer und anderer Faktoren zusammenhängt. So schließt die Lage des dynamischen Strömungsverlaufes vor dem Stutzen 8 im Raum, dessen Mitte mit dem Schwerpunkt SP zusammenfällt, deren Radius jedoch - 0,4 r und 0,8 r ist, die Erregung des Gasvolumens im Raum A im Stutzen 8 mit der niedrigsten Eigenquerschwingungsform (ab Fig. 3), d.h. der energieintensivsten Form aus, was die akustischen Kennwerte des Motors entsprechend steigert.The effectiveness is increased if the dynamic flow pattern in front of the mouth opening 14 of the pipe socket 8 is merged with the center of gravity SP of the volume of the container 1. With this flow pattern, the influence of the dynamic process that takes place in the pipe socket 8 can be taken into account in a defined manner. The focal point of the level of the output speeds of the gas stream pulsating in the pipe socket 8 is preferably in the infinite space at a distance of 0.6 r in front of the opening of the nozzle 8. The distance can effectively be in a range from 0.4 to 0.8 r, which is related to the scatter of design, process engineering and other factors. The position of the dynamic flow in front of the nozzle 8 in the room, the center of which coincides with the center of gravity SP, but whose radius is - 0.4 r and 0.8 r, excludes the excitation of the gas volume in room A in the nozzle 8 with the lowest Self-oscillation form (from Fig. 3), ie the most energy-intensive form, which increases the acoustic characteristics of the motor accordingly.

Nach den weiteren Ausführungen der Erfindung gemäß der Fig. 4 bis 7 mündet der Rohrstutzen 8 mit seiner Ausgangsöffnung 14 in den Innenraum B des mit dem Ansaugstutzen 6 des Rohres 7 zur Luftzuführung ein.According to the further embodiments of the invention according to FIGS. 4 to 7, the pipe socket 8 with its outlet opening 14 opens into the interior B of the pipe 7 with the intake pipe 6 for air supply.

Der Rohrstutzen 8 weist an seinem freien Ende eine Anschrägung 25 oder 26 auf, so daß gemäß der Ausführung nach Fig. 5 die schräge Mündungsöffnung 14 der Eingangsöffnung 21 des Ansaugstutzens 6 zugerichtet ist. Bei der weiteren Ausführung gemäß Fig. 6 ist die schräge Mündungsöffnung 14 der Öffnung 21 abgekehrt.The pipe socket 8 has a bevel 25 or 26 at its free end, so that, according to the embodiment according to FIG. 5, the oblique opening 14 of the inlet opening 21 of the intake socket 6 is trimmed. In the further embodiment according to FIG. 6, the oblique opening 14 of the opening 21 is turned away.

In Fig. 7 ist eine Ausführung eines Ansaugrohres 7 gezeigt, das als Diffusor wirkt. Hierzu ist der Bereich des Rohres 7, in den der Rohrstutzen 8 einmündet, mit einer Querschnittsverringerung 23 versehen.7 shows an embodiment of an intake pipe 7 which acts as a diffuser. For this purpose, the area of the pipe 7 into which the pipe socket 8 opens is provided with a cross-sectional reduction 23.

Beim Motorbetrieb fließen die Gase aus den Anlagen 9 bis 12 über den Rohrstutzen 8 der Schadstoffreduzierungseinrichtung R in den Hohlraum B des Rohres 7. Dabei hat der Gasstrom in der Rückführungsanlage 9 und in der Gehäuseentlüftungsanlage 10 eine erhebliche Temperatur, wodurch im Hohlraum B ein intensiver Wärme- und Massenaustausch des Gasstromes aus den Anlagen 9 bis 12 stattfindet, sowie deren effektive Vermischung. Der im Rohrstutzen 8 gebildete Abgas-, Benzin- und Luftstrom, der eine hohe Temperatur besitzt, gelangt in den Hohlraum A des Behälters 1 und fließt über die Saugrohre 2 bis 5 in die einzelnen Zylinder des Motors. Dabei gibt der genannte Gasstrom einen Teil seiner Wärme an das in den Motorzylinder gelangende Kraftstromgemisch ab, wodurch die Verdampfbarkeit der Flüssigphasen des Kraftstoffgemisches gesteigert wird und das Gemisch fein, dispers und homogen wird.During engine operation, the gases flow from the systems 9 to 12 via the pipe socket 8 of the pollutant reduction device R into the cavity B of the tube 7. The gas flow in the recirculation system 9 and in the housing ventilation system 10 is at a considerable temperature, as a result of which intense heat is generated in the cavity B. - and mass exchange of the gas stream from plants 9 to 12 takes place, as well as their effective mixing. The exhaust gas, gasoline and air flow formed in the pipe socket 8, which has a high temperature, enters the cavity A of the container 1 and flows via the suction pipes 2 to 5 into the individual cylinders of the engine. In this case, the gas flow mentioned gives off part of its heat to the power flow mixture entering the engine cylinder, as a result of which the evaporability of the liquid phases of the fuel mixture is increased and the mixture becomes fine, disperse and homogeneous.

Dies führt letztlich zu einer gleichmäßigeren Verteilung des Endproduktes auf den Motorzylinder, das aus einem Kraftstoffgemisch mit einem Gasstrom aus der Schadstoffreduzierungseinrichtung R besteht, und zu einer besseren Verbrennung der Betriebsfüllung des Gemisches in den Zylindern und infolgedessen zur Schadstoffreduzierung des Motors führt.Ultimately, this leads to a more even distribution of the end product to the engine cylinder, which consists of a fuel mixture with a gas stream from the pollutant reduction device R, and to better combustion of the operating charge of the mixture in the cylinders and, consequently, to the pollutant reduction of the engine.

Durch den schrägen Auslaufquerschnitt (Anschrägung 25 oder 26) der Mündungsöffnungen 14 des Rohrstutzens 8 wird die Effektivität der Stromvermischung der aus der Schadstoffreduzierungseinrichtung R, der Luftreinigungsanlage und Luftzuführung kommenden Ströme gesteigert und dadurch wirken die Einzelströme besser aufeinander ein.Due to the oblique outlet cross-section (bevel 25 or 26) of the orifices 14 of the pipe socket 8, the effectiveness of the current mixing of the flows coming from the pollutant reduction device R, the air purification system and the air supply is increased, and as a result the individual flows act better on one another.

Durch das Ansaugrohr 7 mit der Querschnittsverengung 23 im Bereich des Eintritts des Rohrstutzens 8 wird in diesem Bereich die Strömungsgeschwindigkeit der Luft aus dem Luftreinigungssystem und Luftabgabesystem gesteigert und dadurch ein zusätzlicher Gäszustrom aus der Schadstoffreduzierungseinrichtung R erzeugt und darüber hinaus wird eine zusätzliche Möglichkeit zur Regelung des Volumendurchsatzes dieser Gase geschaffen, wodurch auch der Vermischungseffekt des Gasstromes mit dem Gasstrom aus der Schadstoffreduzierungseinrichtung R verstärkt werden kann.Through the intake pipe 7 with the cross-sectional constriction 23 in the area of the inlet of the pipe socket 8, the flow velocity of the air from the air purification system and air delivery system is increased in this area, thereby generating an additional gas inflow from the pollutant reduction device R and, moreover, an additional possibility for regulating the volume throughput These gases are created, whereby the mixing effect of the gas flow with the gas flow from the pollutant reduction device R can be enhanced.

Claims (8)

  1. An internal-combustion engine with an intake unit, comprising a container (1) with an intake socket (6) and individual intake pipes (2, 3, 4, 5) connected to a cylinder head and opening into the individual cylinders, wherein the interior of the container (1) is connected to a pollutant-reduction device (R) comprising at least one of the units such as a housing-venting unit (10), an additional-air-conveying unit (11), a fuel-vapour-collecting unit (12) and an exhaust-gas-return unit (9), characterized in that an intake pipe (7) projecting into the container (1) of the intake unit is secured to the intake socket (6), the intake pipe (7) being provided with an opening (7a) substantially in a plane (0-0) between two middle individual intake pipes (3 and 4) surrounded respectively by at least one further individual intake pipe (2 and 5), and a pipe socket (8) connecting the units (9 to 12) of the pollutant-reduction device (R) opens into the interior (A) of the container (1).
  2. An internal-combustion engine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the pipe socket (8) is situated in the plane (0-0) which corresponds to the plane of the cross-section of the container extending through the centre of gravity (SP) of the interior volume of the container (1).
  3. An internal-combustion engine according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the opening (14) of the pipe socket (8) with the radius (r) is situated at a distance in the range of from 0.4 r to 0.8 r from the centre of gravity (SP) of the volume of the container.
  4. An internal-combustion engine according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the opening (14) ofthe pipe socket (8) is situated in the plane (0-0) of the centre of gravity (SP) of the interior volume of the container (1).
  5. An internal-combustion engine according to Claim 1 or one of the preceding Claims, characterized in that the opening (14) of the pipe socket (8) of the pollutant-reduction device (R) is situated in the longitudinal median axis (X-X) of the pipe (7).
  6. An internal-combustion engine according to Claim 1, characterized in that one end of the pipe socket (8) projecting freely into the interior (B) of the pipe (7) has an oblique face (25), and the opening (14) faces the inlet (21) of the intake socket (6).
  7. An internal-combustion engine according to Claim 1, characterized in that one end of the pipe socket (8) projecting freely into the interior (B) of the pipe (7) has an oblique face (26), and the opening (14) faces away from the inlet (21) of the intake socket (6).
  8. An internal-combustion engine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the pipe socket (8) opens into the intake pipe (7), and the intake pipe (7) has a cross-sectional narrowing (23) in the region of the inlet of the pipe socket (8) and forms a diffusor.
EP92918026A 1992-08-22 1992-08-22 Air-aspiration system for an internal-combustion engine Expired - Lifetime EP0656994B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP1992/001929 WO1994004815A1 (en) 1992-08-22 1992-08-22 Air-aspiration system for an internal-combustion engine

Publications (2)

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EP0656994A1 EP0656994A1 (en) 1995-06-14
EP0656994B1 true EP0656994B1 (en) 1996-05-08

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US (1) US5603295A (en)
EP (1) EP0656994B1 (en)
JP (1) JPH08501853A (en)
DE (1) DE59206260D1 (en)
RU (1) RU2107183C1 (en)
WO (1) WO1994004815A1 (en)

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DE102013019026A1 (en) * 2013-11-13 2015-05-13 Daimler Ag Charge air housing for a motor vehicle engine

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JP5160139B2 (en) 2007-04-27 2013-03-13 株式会社パロマ Hot water heater burner
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DE10028047A1 (en) * 2000-06-06 2001-12-13 Audi Ag Multi-cylinder engine air intake system slots air feedtube possibly severally normal to tube axis right along parallel to air manifold so slots face air inlet tube entries.
DE102013019026A1 (en) * 2013-11-13 2015-05-13 Daimler Ag Charge air housing for a motor vehicle engine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO1994004815A1 (en) 1994-03-03
US5603295A (en) 1997-02-18
DE59206260D1 (en) 1996-06-13
RU95110673A (en) 1997-01-20
JPH08501853A (en) 1996-02-27
RU2107183C1 (en) 1998-03-20
EP0656994A1 (en) 1995-06-14

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