AT524259A1 - INLET COLLECTOR FOR AN ENGINE - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an intake manifold (1) for an internal combustion engine (10) with at least one cylinder (11), with a housing (2) defining a distribution chamber (3), which has at least one inlet opening (4) formed by an inlet connection (41) and has at least two outlet openings (5) for intake air or an air/gas mixture, at least one mixing device for mixing the intake air with recirculated exhaust gas, fuel vapors and/or blow-by gases being arranged in the distributor space (3). In order to enable efficient mixing of the gases introduced into the inlet flow path (12) - namely recirculated exhaust gases, blow-by gases and/or fuel vapors - with air with little effort and taking up as little installation space as possible, it is provided that the mixing device is a mixing section (6) delimited from the distributor space (3) for admixing exhaust gas, fuel vapors and/or blow-by gases to the intake air is formed, the mixing section (6) being formed by at least one hollow mixing element (60 ) is formed, and wherein the exhaust gas, the fuel vapors and/or the blow-by gases can be fed to the distributor space (3) together with the air.

Description

The invention relates to an intake manifold for an internal combustion engine with at least one cylinder, the intake manifold having a housing defining a distributor chamber with at least one inlet opening formed by an inlet connection and at least two outlet openings for inlet air and/or an air/gas mixture, with at least one in the distributor chamber Mixing device for mixing the air with recirculated exhaust gas and / or fuel vapors and / or blow-by gases is arranged. Furthermore, the

Invention, an internal combustion engine with such an intake manifold.

The recirculation of exhaust gases from the exhaust flowpath to the intake flowpath is a common and effective one in internal combustion engines

Measure to reduce fuel consumption and nitrogen oxide emissions.

Blow-by gases are understood to mean the gas that flows past the piston rings from the working chamber into the crankcase chamber during compression and combustion in an internal combustion engine. In order to prevent leaks in the crankcase due to the resulting overpressure, it is vented. Crankcase ventilation typically leads into the intake flow path. The escaped gas is therefore sucked in again during the next intake stroke and entrained oil droplets, combustion products or gases, as well as unburned ones

fuel are afterburned.

Depending on the temperature and the level of filling, fuel vapors occur inside the fuel tank. To protect the environment, these fuel vapors are discharged from the fuel tank via fuel vapor lines and fed to the intake flow path. Like the blow-by gases, the fuel vapors fed to the intake flow path are sucked in again during the next intake stroke and combustion in the cylinders

Internal combustion engine supplied.

The introduction of gas containing oil, fuel and soot into the intake flow path - especially if it is not sufficiently mixed with fresh gas such as fresh air - can contaminate the air duct, throttle valve, turbocharger, intercooler, valves, etc., as well as cylinder unequal distribution

the combustion stability will be reduced, resulting in loss of performance and

disruptions. These effects can be reduced by sufficiently mixing the recirculated gases with the intake air and distributing them evenly among the cylinders.

AT 523 182 A discloses an internal combustion engine in which an exhaust gas recirculation line, a crankcase ventilation line and a fuel vapor line open into a premixing chamber, with the premixing chamber having a flow path surrounding the inlet

Gas return device is connected to the inlet flow path.

JP 2016-191363 A discloses an intake manifold in which a

Exhaust gas recirculation line and a blow-by line open out.

DE 190 2012 205 027 A1 shows an exhaust gas recirculation device for exhaust gases in a fresh air duct section, with a recirculation duct section wrapping around the fresh air duct section in the circumferential direction and thereby covering radial inlet openings of the fresh air duct section. US Pat. No. 9,482,187 B2 shows a similar exhaust gas recirculation device, with the exhaust gas flowing through an annular duct surrounding the fresh air line and through a number of radial

Holes in the fresh air line is introduced.

US 2015/0020781 A1 discloses an intake manifold for an internal combustion engine with an inlet connection for connection to an intake line and outlet connection for connection to inlet channels leading to the cylinders. An exhaust gas recirculation line opens into the distribution chamber. In order to mix the air with the recirculated exhaust gas, guide vanes are arranged in the distribution chamber, which guide the air and gases to the outlet nozzles. However, the mixing section is relatively short, so that homogeneous mixing cannot be guaranteed.

Known devices have the disadvantage that a homogeneous mixing of several gases with the fresh air of the intake flow path is not always guaranteed, so that the formation of deposits in the intake flow path and problems caused by cylinder uneven distribution cannot be ruled out. In addition, known devices are sometimes relatively space-consuming and

require many individual parts.

It is therefore an object of the invention to efficiently mix the gases introduced into the intake flow path - namely recirculated exhaust gases and/or blow-by gases and/or fuel vapors - with air and uniformly with little effort and taking up as little installation space as possible To allow supply of the cylinder with it.

Based on an intake manifold of the type mentioned above, this is achieved according to the invention in that the mixing device is formed by a mixing section that is spatially delimited from the distributor chamber for admixing exhaust gas and/or fuel vapors and/or blow-by gases to the intake air, the mixing section being formed by at least one mixing element integrated into the intake manifold is formed, which opens into the intake manifold via at least one transfer opening, and the exhaust gas and/or the fuel vapors and/or the blow-by gases together with the air flow to the distributor space -

preferably via the same inlet nozzle - can be fed.

Due to the fact that the mixing section extends into the distributor space of the inlet collector, installation space can be saved and at the same time good mixing of the gas with the air can be achieved because the mixing distance is lengthened

is achieved.

Provision is preferably made for the inlet connection to have a recirculation connection for connecting at least one recirculation line for exhaust gas, fuel vapors and/or blow-by gases.

The recirculated gases can thus be routed together with the fresh air through the inlet port into the inlet manifold and fed to the mixing element arranged in the inlet manifold. The mixing of the gases with air begins immediately before entry into the intake manifold and is continued and completed by the mixing element in the distributor space of the intake manifold, complete mixing being achievable due to the long mixing section.

Because the mixing section is integrated into the inlet manifold,

Space can be saved.

Good mixing with low production costs at the same time

possible if the mixing element through an inside the inlet manifold

arranged tube is formed. In particular, the tube starts at the inlet opening of the housing of the inlet manifold and opens out via a transfer opening into the distributor space of the inlet manifold. In other words, the tube is connected to the inlet connector of the inlet manifold via the inlet opening and to a distributor space of the inlet manifold via a transfer opening. An embodiment of the invention provides that the tube is essentially cylindrical.

Preferably, the mixing element has a main flow direction that runs essentially in a flow plane that is parallel to an inlet flow direction and/or parallel to an outlet flange surface of at least one outlet connection piece of the inlet manifold and/or normal to an outlet flow direction of at least one outlet connection piece of the inlet manifold

is trained.

Experiments have shown that particularly good mixing can be achieved if the length of the mixing element is at least 50% of a longitudinal extension of the inlet manifold.

The mixing element preferably extends within the inlet manifold over at least one outlet opening, preferably at least over half of all outlet openings arranged in a row. In other words, the mixing element protrudes so far into the interior of the inlet manifold, in particular into the distributor space, that it extends over at least one outlet opening, preferably over half of all outlet openings arranged in a row, with respect to a longitudinal extension of the inlet manifold.

In one embodiment variant of the invention, it is provided that the mixing element has a substantially constant cross-sectional area over its length, with the mixing element preferably having a changing geometric cross-sectional shape along the length.

In a further embodiment variant of the invention it is provided that the mixing element is formed by a nozzle-diffuser arrangement which has a first section with a flow cross-section that tapers in the flow direction and a second section downstream thereof in the flow direction

having widening flow cross-section, preferably between the

first and second section a transition section with constant

Flow cross section is arranged.

Rapid mixing of the recirculated gas with the air can be achieved if an exit cross-sectional area from the second section is at least as large as an entry cross-sectional area into the first section of the mixing element and preferably larger than a transition cross-sectional area of the transition section.

In one variant of the invention, the mixing element has a substantially constant cross-sectional area over its length, with the mixing element preferably having a changing geometric cross-sectional shape along its length. In other words, the cross-sectional area is kept constant over the length of the mixing element, while the shape of the cross-section varies

can be.

The combination of narrowing and widening flow cross-section enables particularly good mixing of the air with the recirculated gases, in particular if the first section is essentially straight and the second section is curved, with the second section preferably being designed as a 90° bend in such a way that that the main flow direction from the transfer opening i runs approximately transversely to the flow direction of the inlet manifold outlets. In particular, the main flow direction is directed against an inner wall surface of the inlet manifold. This forced change in direction of the flow of the mixing section prevents the inlet collector outlets, which are directly in the vicinity of the transfer opening from the second section, from being favored

will.

An embodiment of the invention provides that the mixing element has a continuous closed wall, the second section having a

single overflow opening opens into the interior of the intake manifold.

In a further embodiment variant of the invention, it is provided that the mixing element is formed by a tubular element which has a lateral surface and an end face remote from the inlet opening, the lateral surface and/or end face having at least one transfer opening, preferably at least one group of overflow openings. In other words, this is

In one variant of the invention, the mixing element is designed as a tubular element, which has a lateral surface and an end face opposite the inlet opening, with at least one overflow opening connecting the interior of the tubular element to the interior of the inlet header, in particular its distributor space, preferably a large number of overflow openings, being provided. It is particularly advantageous for achieving homogeneous mixing if the overflow openings are distributed uniformly around the circumference of the tubular element and/or distributed uniformly along the tubular element. The size of the cross sections of the overflow openings is included

designed the same in particular for all overflow openings.

In other words, a large number of overflow openings are provided, which are distributed uniformly over the lateral surface, in particular uniformly over its circumference and/or along the tubular element, and/or the end face.

As an alternative to a uniform distribution and the same size of the overflow opening, a further embodiment variant according to the invention provides that the cross sections of the overflow openings are of different sizes and/or that the overflow openings are distributed unevenly over the circumference of the tubular element and/or along the tubular element. For example, the areas of the cross sections of the overflow openings can be designed to decrease or increase along the direction of flow. Furthermore, it is possible for small and large overflow openings to be arranged alternately around the circumference of the tubular element and/or along the tubular element

are.

The object of the invention is also achieved by an internal combustion engine mentioned at the beginning with one or more cylinders and at least one intake flow path, with at least one intake manifold according to the invention

of the type described above is provided.

The mixing element integrated into the inlet manifold can be used to efficiently mix the

Inlet flow path introduced gases can be achieved.

Another advantage of the integrated mixing element is that the entire intake manifold housing can be manufactured independently of the mixing section. In particular, a dividing flange and/or the tool demolding direction can be provided at least partially independently of the geometry of the mixing section during the manufacture of the entire inlet manifold. Without an integrated mixing element, this geometry would have to match the demolding directions of the entire intake manifold housing or, in extreme cases, would not even exist

not produceable.

The invention is described below using a non-limiting example

Embodiment, which is shown in the figures, explained in more detail. In this

demonstrate

1 shows an axonometric representation of an inlet manifold according to the invention,

2 schematically shows an internal combustion engine according to the invention in a first embodiment variant,

3 an intake manifold of this internal combustion engine in an axonometric representation,

4 shows this inlet manifold in a flange-side view

Fig. 5 shows the inlet manifold in a section according to the line V-V in Fig. 4,

6 shows the inlet manifold in a section along line VI-VI in FIG. 4,

7 shows the intake manifold in a front view,

8 shows the inlet manifold in a section along line VIII-VIITI in FIG. 7,

Fig. 9 shows a mixing element of this inlet manifold in an axonometric

Depiction,

Fig. 10 schematically an internal combustion engine according to the invention in a

second variant,

Fig. 11 shows an intake manifold of this internal combustion engine in a

cut axonometric representation,

Fig. 12 this inlet header in a section according to the line XII-XII in Fig. 14, Fig. 13 a mixing element of this inlet header in an axonometric view

Depiction,

Fig. 14 shows this inlet manifold in a section according to the line XIV-XIV in Fig. 12 and

Fig. 15 shows this inlet manifold in a section according to the line XV-XV in Fig. 12.

In the embodiment variants, the same parts have the same reference symbols

Mistake.

Fig. 1 shows an intake manifold 1 for an internal combustion engine 10 shown in Fig. 2 with several - namely four -cylinders 11. The housing 2 of the intake manifold 1 defines a distributor space 3 on the inside for distributing the intake air supplied via an inlet opening 4 via outlet openings 5 the individual cylinders 11. For reasons of clarity, only one outlet opening 5 is provided with a reference number in the figures, but the four-cylinder embodiment shown has four outlet openings 5, which is clearly evident to a person skilled in the art. The inlet opening 4 arranged, for example, on a flat end face 21 of the housing 2 communicates with an inlet connection piece 41 which has an inlet flange surface 40 and which can be connected to an inlet line 120 of an inlet flow path 12 . the

Entry flange face 40 is located in an entry flange plane g40.

The inlet socket 41 also has at least one return connection 7 arranged outside of the distributor space 3 of the housing 2

at least one recirculation line 14 for recirculating exhaust gases from a

Outlet flow path 13, and/or, for example, for the return of blow-by gases from a crankcase, not shown, and/or for the return of fuel vapors from a crankcase, not shown

Fuel tank in the inlet flow path 12 on.

At least one outlet opening 5 per cylinder 11 is arranged on an outlet side of the intake manifold 1 indicated by reference symbol A in the area of a flat longitudinal side surface 22 of the housing 2, for example, with the outlet openings 5 being arranged in a row. As shown in FIG. 8, the center points M of the outlet openings 5 defined by the respective centroids lie on a straight line g. Each outlet opening 5 communicates with an outlet nozzle 51 which can be flow-connected via an outlet flange surface 50 to an inlet channel 121 leading to a cylinder 11 of the internal combustion engine 10 (see FIGS. 8 and 12). In the exemplary embodiments, the outlet flange surfaces 50 of all outlet openings 5 are arranged in a common outlet flange plane £5o9, which is formed normal to the inlet flange plane 49, for example. The straight line g is, for example, parallel to

Outlet flange level g5o formed.

The outlet flange surfaces 50 of the outlet sockets 51 are used for connection

at least one intake port 121 leading to a cylinder 11.

Inside the intake manifold 1 there is a mixing device 60 for mixing the intake air with recirculated exhaust gas and/or fuel vapors and/or blow-by gases, which is formed by a mixing section 6 delimited towards the distributor chamber 3 downstream of the recirculation connection 7 . The mixing section 6 thus begins at the return connection 7 and ends—in the direction of flow at the transfer opening 62 or—in the case of several

Overflow openings 62 - at the last transfer opening 62.

The mixing section 6 is predominantly formed by a hollow mixing element 60 integrated into the inlet manifold 1 . The mixing element 60 is designed, for example, as an elongate hollow body, the walls of which define a cavity which—partially or entirely—forms the mixing section 6 and is flow-connected to the distributor space 3 via at least one transfer opening 62 . The mixing section 6 is used to mix the

recirculated gases with the inlet air. The mixing element 60 is included

formed, for example, by a pipe which is arranged inside the intake manifold 1 and is connected to the intake line 120 downstream of the return connection 120 and which opens into the intake manifold 1 via at least one transfer opening 62 . The mixing element 60 is separated from the distributor space 3 of the inlet manifold 1 by a wall 63 . The mixing section 6 ends when the essentially homogeneous gas-air mixture passes through the at least one transfer opening 62 into the distributor space 3 of the intake manifold 1.

As can be seen in particular from Figs. 5, 6, 9 and 13, the mixing element 60 has holding elements 64 for detachable or non-detachable attachment

inside the intake manifold 1.

2 and 9 on the one hand and FIGS. 10 to 15 on the other hand show two design variants with differently designed mixing elements 60.

2 and 10 each show a schematic of an internal combustion engine 10 with a plurality of cylinders 11—four in the example shown—with at least one inlet flow path 12, at least one outlet flow path 13, and with at least one recirculation line 14 for recirculating exhaust gases from the outlet flow path 13 and/or for returning blow-by gases and/or for returning fuel vapors into the inlet flow path 12.

The inlet manifold 1 is arranged in the inlet flow path 12 and an inlet line 120 opens into it via the inlet opening 4 . Intake channels 121 leading to the cylinders 11 proceed from the outlet openings 5 of the intake manifold 1 . One or more intake ports 121 can be provided for each cylinder 11 .

At each outlet opening 5 of the intake manifold 1 is at least one to one

Cylinder 11 leading inlet port 121 connected.

A return line 14 emanating, for example, from the outlet flow path 13 is connected to the at least one return connection 7 . In exemplary embodiments of the invention that are not shown in more detail, a return line for returning blow-by gases or a return line for returning

connected to fuel vapors.

2 to 9 show a first embodiment of the invention, in which the

Mixing element 60 is formed by a nozzle-diffuser arrangement 601.

In the first exemplary embodiment, the mixing element 60 formed by a nozzle/diffuser arrangement 601 has a straight first section 601a with a flow cross section that narrows in the direction of flow and a curved second section 601b with a flow cross section that widens in the direction of flow, with between the first section 601a and the second section 601b a straight transition section 601c with a constant flow cross-section is formed. The transition section 601c is shorter than the first section 601a. The second section 601b is included

essentially shaped as a 90° arc.

An exit cross-sectional area F3 from the second section 601b is at least as large as an entry cross-sectional area F1 into the first section 601a of the mixing element 60 and larger than a transition cross-sectional area F2 of the

Transition section 601c formed.

The exit cross-sectional area F3 from the mixing element 60 is arranged in an exit plane £62 which is formed normal to the end face 21 of the housing 2 and/or normal to the inlet flange surface 40 . Furthermore, the transfer plane is normal to the longitudinal plane of the housing 2 and/or normal to the

Outlet flange surface 50 or the outlet flange plane £so formed.

Air and recirculated gas - i.e. recirculated exhaust gas and/or blow-by gases and/or fuel vapors - are supplied to the inlet manifold 1 in an inlet flow direction S1 and flow in the main flow direction S2 running in the flow plane Z into the mixing element 60 and are passed through the second Section of the nozzle-diffuser arrangement 601 in the flow plane C is deflected by 90° to the outlet side A of the inlet manifold 1 and flow through the transfer opening 62 in the direction of the outlet openings 5 into the distribution chamber 3. The homogeneous air-gas mixture flows on through the outlet openings 5 in the Outlet flow direction S3 of the outlet nozzle 51 into the inlet channels 121. The flow plane C is parallel to the inlet flow direction S1 and/or parallel to the outlet flange surface 50 of at least one outlet nozzle 51 and/or normal to the

Outlet flow direction S3 at least one outlet nozzle 51 is formed.

10 to 15 show a second exemplary embodiment of the invention, in which the mixing element 60 is formed by a perforated tubular element 602 which, for example, is essentially straight, in particular cylindrical in shape. However, the tubular element 602 can also have a curved shape, similar to FIG

2 to 9 shown.

The longitudinal axis 602a of the tubular element 602 is arranged essentially normal to the end plane of the first end face of the housing 2 and/or normal to the inlet flange surface 40 . Furthermore, the longitudinal axis 602a of the tubular element 602 is parallel to the longitudinal plane of the housing 2 and/or parallel to the

Outlet flange surface 50 formed.

The tubular element 602 has a lateral surface 602b and an end face 602c with a large number of overflow openings 62 formed, for example, by bores. For reasons of clarity, only some of the overflow openings 62 are provided with reference numbers. In the second exemplary embodiment shown, the overflow openings 62 are distributed uniformly on the lateral surface 602b and/or the end face 602c, for example in rows. The sum of the exit cross-sectional areas F3--only individual reference numbers are given here for reasons of clarity--of the overflow openings 62 corresponds at least to the entry cross-sectional area F1 into the mixing element 60. As an alternative to a uniform distribution, the areas of the cross-sections of the overflow openings 62 can also have different sizes and/or or unevenly across

be distributed over the circumference and/or the length of the tube element 602 .

Air and recirculated gas - i.e. recirculated exhaust gas and/or blow-by gases and/or fuel vapors - are supplied to the inlet manifold 1 in an inlet flow direction S1 and flow in the main flow direction S2 running in the flow plane Z into the mixing element 60 and over the plurality of Overflow openings 62 in the distributor space 3, with further homogenization of the air/gas mixture taking place. The homogeneous air/gas mixture continues to flow through the outlet openings 5 in the outlet flow direction S3 of the outlet nozzle 51 into the inlet channels 121. The mixing element achieves homogeneous mixing and uniform distribution of the air/gas mixture over the cylinders 11, with only minimal

Space is taken up.

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIMS Intake manifold (1) for an internal combustion engine (10) with at least one cylinder (11), the intake manifold (1) having a housing (2) defining a distributor chamber (3), at least one inlet opening (4) formed by an inlet connection (41), and has at least two outlet openings (5) for intake air or an air/gas mixture, with at least one mixing device for mixing the intake air with recirculated exhaust gas and/or fuel vapors and/or blow-by gases being arranged in the distributor space (3), characterized in that that the mixing device is formed by a mixing section (6) delimited from the distributor space (3) for admixing exhaust gas and/or fuel vapors and/or blow-by gases to the intake air, the mixing section (6) being formed by at least one in the intake manifold (1st ) integrated hollow mixing element (60) is formed, which via at least one transfer opening (62) in the intake manifold (1) opens, and wherein the exhaust gas and / or the fuel Dä mpfe and/or the blow-by gases together with the air in the distributor space (3) - preferably via the same inlet nozzle (41) - can be supplied. Inlet manifold (1) according to Claim 1, characterized in that the inlet connection (41) has a return connection (7) for connecting at least one return line (14) for exhaust gas and/or fuel vapors and/or blow-by gases. Inlet manifold (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mixing element (60) is formed by a arranged tube is formed. Inlet manifold (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the mixing element (60) has a main flow direction (S2) which essentially runs in a flow plane (C) which is parallel to an inlet flow direction (S1) and/or parallel to an outlet flange surface (50) of at least one outlet socket (51) of the inlet manifold (1) and/or normal to an outlet flow direction (S3) of at least one outlet socket (51) of the inlet manifold (1) is trained. 14 Inlet manifold (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the length of the mixing element (60) is at least 50% of a longitudinal extension of the inlet manifold (1). Inlet manifold (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the mixing element (60) is located inside the inlet manifold (1) via at least one outlet opening (5), preferably at least over half of all the outlet openings (5) arranged in a row, extends. Inlet manifold (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the mixing element (60) is formed by a nozzle/diffuser arrangement (601) which has a first section (601a) with a tapering flow cross-section and, downstream thereof, a second section (601b) with an expanding flow cross section, a transition section (601c) with a constant flow cross section being preferably arranged between the first (601a) and the second section (601b). Inlet manifold (1) according to Claim 7, characterized in that the first section (601a) is essentially straight and the second section (601b) is curved, with the second section (601b) preferably being designed as a 90° bend such that the main flow direction (S2) of the mixing element (60) from the overflow opening (62) approximately transverse to Flow direction of the inlet manifold outlets runs. Inlet manifold (1) according to Claim 7 or 8, characterized in that an exit cross-sectional area (F3) from the second section (601b) is at least as large as an entry cross-sectional area (F1) into the first section (601a) of the mixing element (60) and preferably larger formed as a transition cross-sectional area (F2) of the transition portion (601c). is. Inlet manifold (1) according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the mixing element (60) has a continuous closed wall (63), wherein the second portion (601b) over a single overflow opening (62) in the distributor space (3) of the Inlet collector (1) opens. 11. Inlet manifold (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the mixing element (60) has a substantially constant cross-sectional area over the length, the mixing element (60) preferably having a changing geometric cross-sectional shape along the length. 12. Intake manifold (1) according to one of Claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the mixing element (60) is formed by a tubular element (602) which has a lateral surface (602b) and an end face (602c) facing away from the inlet opening (4). has, wherein the lateral surface (602b) and/or end face (602c) has at least one transfer opening (62), preferably has at least one group of overflow openings (62). 13. Intake manifold (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the overflow openings (62) are distributed uniformly around the circumference of the tubular element (602) and/or uniformly along the tubular element (602). are arranged. 14. Internal combustion engine (10) with one or more cylinders (11), with at least one intake flow path (13), which at least one Inlet manifold (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 13. 06/17/2021 FU