EP1329628A2 - Cylinder head for a piston combustion engine with a cooling conduit system - Google Patents

Cylinder head for a piston combustion engine with a cooling conduit system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1329628A2
EP1329628A2 EP02406107A EP02406107A EP1329628A2 EP 1329628 A2 EP1329628 A2 EP 1329628A2 EP 02406107 A EP02406107 A EP 02406107A EP 02406107 A EP02406107 A EP 02406107A EP 1329628 A2 EP1329628 A2 EP 1329628A2
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
cylinder cover
cooling channel
cooling
floor
valve
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP02406107A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1329628A3 (en
EP1329628B1 (en
Inventor
Walter Keller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Wartsila NSD Schweiz AG
Original Assignee
Wartsila NSD Schweiz AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Wartsila NSD Schweiz AG filed Critical Wartsila NSD Schweiz AG
Priority to EP02406107A priority Critical patent/EP1329628B1/en
Publication of EP1329628A2 publication Critical patent/EP1329628A2/en
Publication of EP1329628A3 publication Critical patent/EP1329628A3/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1329628B1 publication Critical patent/EP1329628B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F1/26—Cylinder heads having cooling means
    • F02F1/36—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling
    • F02F1/40—Cylinder heads having cooling means for liquid cooling cylinder heads with means for directing, guiding, or distributing liquid stream 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/02—Arrangements for cooling cylinders or cylinder heads
    • F01P2003/024—Cooling cylinder heads
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/12—Arrangements for cooling other engine or machine parts
    • F01P3/14—Arrangements for cooling other engine or machine parts for cooling intake or exhaust valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/12—Arrangements for cooling other engine or machine parts
    • F01P3/16—Arrangements for cooling other engine or machine parts for cooling fuel injectors or sparking-plugs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B75/00—Other engines
    • F02B75/02—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke
    • F02B2075/022—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle
    • F02B2075/025—Engines characterised by their cycles, e.g. six-stroke having less than six strokes per cycle two
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B3/00—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition
    • F02B3/06—Engines characterised by air compression and subsequent fuel addition with compression ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F1/00—Cylinders; Cylinder heads 
    • F02F1/24—Cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/244—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads
    • F02F2001/245—Arrangement of valve stems in cylinder heads the valve stems being orientated at an angle with the cylinder axis
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02F7/00—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames
    • F02F2007/0097—Casings, e.g. crankcases or frames for large diesel engines

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a cylinder cover with a cooling channel system for a Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to the preamble of the independent Claim 1, and a reciprocating internal combustion engine with such Cylinder cover.
  • the known cylinder cover with a central exhaust valve has a large number of straight floor cooling channels, which are located in the side surface of the Cylinder cover, which essentially defines a conical outer surface of a first (outer) annular space starting from the outlet opening extend, the distance between two adjacent floor cooling channels Outlet opening decreases.
  • the floor cooling duct has an entrance and an outlet for a coolant, the inlet of the floor cooling duct is further away from the outlet opening than the outlet.
  • everyone Output of a floor cooling duct opens into a valve cooling duct, so that Coolant successively through the floor cooling duct and the valve cooling duct is transportable.
  • the valve cooling channels extend in the essentially on a cylinder surface or on a slightly inclined surface Cone surface straight along the outlet opening and open into one common second (upper) annulus from which the coolant can be returned to the cooler of the internal combustion engine.
  • the Installation openings for the injection nozzles are concentric on a circular line arranged around the outlet opening between two floor cooling channels. The radius of the circular line is chosen so that for the installation openings enough space between the corresponding floor cooling channels is available.
  • the well-known cylinder cover with a central exhaust valve stands out in particular due to the fact that it is highly symmetrical Construction also the thermal loads in operation with the previously short described cooling channel system are particularly easy to control, because the simple geometry of the cylinder cover is of course yours Precipitation is also found in the characteristic of the temperature profile that in the operation of the large diesel engine in the cylinder cover. It means that for example asymmetrical mechanical tension of the Cylinder cover due to complex structured temperature gradients can already be greatly minimized due to the geometry alone. A serious one The disadvantage arises from the fact that the concept of known cylinder cover with a central exhaust valve the use of several Injector calls, which makes this arrangement relatively expensive Additional units must be equipped and therefore quite right overall is expensive.
  • EP 0 959 240 Cylinder cover proposed, in which the installation opening for the Injector is located centrally in the top surface of the cylinder cover, see above that only one injector is required for fuel injection.
  • the outlet valve is arranged here in the side surface of the cylinder.
  • a cylinder cover with a cooling channel system is thus provided proposed for a reciprocating internal combustion engine, the at least one Has cylinder in which a piston along an axis of the Cylinder cover is arranged to move back and forth, the Cylinder cover includes a ceiling surface and a side surface, which in the limit the combustion chamber of the cylinder.
  • the Ceiling surface of the cylinder cover is an installation opening for receiving a Injection nozzle through which fuel can be introduced into the combustion chamber, and a arranged in relation to the axis of the cylinder cover in the side surface Outlet opening for receiving an outlet valve for discharging Combustion gases are provided from the combustion chamber.
  • a plurality of floor cooling ducts that extend towards the outlet opening extend, with at least two of the floor cooling channels each one Have an inlet and an outlet for a coolant, and a valve cooling channel, which extends along the outlet opening. Every floor cooling channel is there arranged so that the entrance of each floor cooling duct continues is removed from the outlet opening as the exit, and the exit at least one floor cooling duct is connected to the valve cooling duct, so that coolant flows through the bottom cooling duct and the valve cooling duct one after the other is transportable.
  • at least one nozzle cooling channel extends along the installation opening, the exit being at least one Bottom cooling duct is connected to the nozzle cooling duct, so that Coolant successively through the floor cooling duct and the nozzle cooling duct is transportable.
  • the cylinder cover according to the invention comprises a ceiling surface and a Side surface, in the assembled state, the combustion chamber of the cylinder limit.
  • the top surface of the cylinder cover forms that of Piston face opposite boundary surface of the combustion chamber.
  • the ceiling surface has an installation opening for an injection nozzle, which in the is arranged essentially centrally in the ceiling area.
  • On the ceiling surface joins the side surface, which is inclined in relation to the central axis the installation opening for the injection nozzle is arranged so that the Side surface ends at an obtuse angle in the ceiling surface.
  • the side surface has an outlet opening for receiving an outlet valve.
  • a first annular space in the cylinder cover arranged, which is suitable for the cooling channel system of the cylinder cover Add coolant.
  • the cylinder cover according to the invention is characterized by a essentially three-part cooling duct system, which, in Contrary to the known cooling duct system, in addition to a variety of Floor cooling channels and a corresponding number of valve cooling channels, in addition, a certain number of nozzle cooling channels has, which extend along the centrally arranged injection nozzle.
  • the floor cooling ducts are on the inlet side with the first Annulus are connected, essentially for cooling the side surface suitable while the valve cooling channels that are located along the outlet opening extend, essentially for cooling the cylinder cover in the area of the exhaust valve and the exhaust valve itself are provided.
  • the Nozzle cooling channels extend along the installation opening and are therefore in particular for cooling the injection nozzle and the one at the installation opening adjacent area of the cylinder cover suitable.
  • the Nozzle cooling channels open into a common one on the output side Manifold and the valve cooling channels in a common second Annulus, the second annulus by means of a connecting line the manifold is connected.
  • the coolant can thus start from the first annular space first flow through the floor cooling channels to cool the side surface, and then in a first sub-cycle through the Valve cooling channels, the second annulus and the connecting line of the Bus line are fed and in parallel in a second Partial circuit fed through the nozzle cooling channels of the manifold which manifold then coolant back to a cooler of the reciprocating internal combustion engine.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a cylinder 3 of a Large diesel engine G with a cylinder cover according to the invention Cooling channel system 2, which cylinder cover in the following with the Reference numeral 1 is designated.
  • the cylinder cover 1 according to the invention is Particularly suitable for large diesel engines G, which are used as two-stroke diesel engines are designed with longitudinal rinsing.
  • the essential components of large diesel engines G, as a rule have a plurality of cylinders 3 are known per se.
  • the cylinder 3 of such a large diesel engine G has a cylinder cover 1, which comprises a ceiling surface 5 and a side surface 6, which in the assembled state, as shown in FIG. 1, the combustion chamber 7 of the cylinder 3 limit.
  • the ceiling surface 5 of the cylinder cover 1 forms in the assembled state that opposite the piston end face 41 Boundary surface of the combustion chamber 7, which is perpendicular to an axis A -A of the cylinder cover 1.
  • On the ceiling surface 5 closes Side surface 6, whose upper part as shown, which in the Ceiling surface 5 opens out, slants to the axis A - A of the cylinder cover 1 runs so that the side surface 6 is obtuse at the ceiling surface 5 opens.
  • a piston 4 is reciprocated along the axis A - A arranged movably.
  • the piston 4 is in by means of a piston rod is known to be connected to a crankshaft (not shown).
  • the cylinder cover 1 has one in the ceiling surface 5, essentially centrally arranged installation opening 8 for receiving an injection nozzle 9 on.
  • the injector 9 is not connected to a fuel line 91 Injector shown connected to the fuel through the Injector 9 brings into the combustion chamber 7 of the cylinder 3, as the dash-dotted clubs indicate in Fig. 1.
  • In the side surface 6 of the Cylinder cover 1 is an outlet opening 10 for receiving a Exhaust valve 11 arranged.
  • the cylinder cover 1 is for cooling with an essentially three-part Cooling channel system 2 equipped, which a plurality of floor cooling channels 12 comprises, of which at least two each have an input 13 and one Have outlet 14 for a coolant.
  • Each floor cooling channel is 12 arranged in the cylinder cover 1 so that the inlet 13 of each floor cooling channel 12 is further away from the outlet opening 10 than its corresponding outlet 14.
  • the cylinder cover 1 at least one valve cooling duct 15 and at least one nozzle cooling duct 16 with outlet opening 20, which with a manifold 21st connected is.
  • FIG 2 is a schematic section through the inventive Cylinder cover 1 with injection nozzle 9 and outlet opening 10 along a Plane E is shown, which is defined by the axes A - A and B - B.
  • a bottom cooling channel 12 can be seen, which with its outlet 14 in a nozzle cooling channel 16 opens.
  • the outlet opening 20 of the nozzle cooling duct 16 opens into the collecting line 21 shown in cross section, which is connected to a connecting line 22, the function of which later is still described in detail.
  • FIGS. 3 and 4 is schematically one embodiment of each Cooling channel system 2 of a cylinder cover 1 according to the invention with Exhaust valve 11 and injector 9 in a representation not to scale outlined. For the sake of clarity, the injector 9 is not installed State shown. As can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4, extend the floor cooling channels 12, which are generally different in length all, substantially rectilinear, towards the outlet opening 10 of the Cylinder cover 1.
  • the floor cooling channels 12 in the cylinder cover are preferred 1 arranged so that their longitudinal axes L - L are in a Conical surface, starting from a first annular space 17 to the axis A - A extend to the center of the cylinder cover 1, the angle ⁇ between the longitudinal axes L - L of any two adjacent floor cooling channels 12 is essentially always the same.
  • the angle ⁇ between different pairs of longitudinal axes L - L is different.
  • the first annular space 17 is located inside the cylinder cover 1 Arranged periphery and is connected to a via a feed device 171 Cooling device of the cylinder 3, not shown, through which Supply device 171 to the first annular space 17 coolant from the (not shown) cooling device of the cylinder 3 can be fed.
  • the first can Annular space 17 may have several supply devices 171 or the feed device 171 can partially or as an annular opening extend completely along the first annular space 17.
  • Each valve cooling channel 15 extends preferably straight at a certain angle of inclination with respect to Axis V - V of the outlet opening 10 along the axis V - V. The Inclination angle with respect to the axis V - V is the same for all valve cooling channels 15 his.
  • the angle of inclination with respect to the V-V axis may be zero Degrees, so that all valve cooling channels 15 on a common (imaginary) cylinder surface; at a different value of the Angle of inclination, all valve cooling channels 15 lie on one (imaginary) Conical surface.
  • one or a plurality of valve cooling channels 15 are not rectilinear along the outlet opening 10 extend, but with respect to the axis V - V spiral or in one other shape.
  • valve cooling duct 15 extending along the outlet opening 10 emanating from the outlet 14 of a floor cooling duct 12 into one second annular space 18, which is used to receive the bottom cooling channel one after the other 12 and coolant flowing through the valve cooling duct 15 is suitable, and from which the coolant again via a Connecting line 22 can be fed to a collecting line 21, which The manifold 21 is suitable for the coolant, not shown Large diesel engine cooler.
  • Each nozzle cooling channel 16 extends preferably rectilinear at a certain angle with respect to the axis A - A of the cylinder cover 1 along the axis A - A. The angle with respect to the axis A - A for all nozzle cooling channels 16 the same or to be different. In special cases it is also conceivable that a or more nozzle cooling channels 16 are not straight along the Installation opening 8 extend, but with respect to the axis A - A extend spirally or in another shape.
  • the nozzle cooling duct 16 extending along the installation opening 8 emanating from the outlet 14 of a floor cooling duct 12 into the Header 21, which is used to receive the bottom cooling channel one after the other 12 and coolant flowing through the nozzle cooling channel 16 is suitable, and Via which manifold 21 the coolant again to the not shown Radiator of the large diesel engine G can be removed.
  • both part of the floor cooling channels, as well as the valve cooling channels and / or the nozzle cooling channels are designed as blind bores, which means that the corresponding Channels only one inlet opening for a coolant, but none Have exit opening. It is also conceivable that the diameter of the different cooling channels is designed differently, so that through different areas within the cylinder cover per unit of time different amounts of coolant flow, creating asymmetrical thermal loads on the cylinder cover can be better balanced can.
  • the cylinder cover according to the invention thus comprises a cooling duct system, which due to its essentially three-part construction Requirements for cooling a cylinder cover with a central one Fuel injection and exhaust valve on the side are particularly good is adjusted.
  • a cooling duct system which due to its essentially three-part construction Requirements for cooling a cylinder cover with a central one Fuel injection and exhaust valve on the side are particularly good is adjusted.

Abstract

Cylinder lid comprises a cooling channel system (2). At least one nozzle cooling channel (16) extends along a fitting opening (8). The outlet (14) of at least one base cooling channel (12) is connected to the nozzle cooling channel so that coolant can be fed through the base cooling channel and the nozzle cooling channel. An Independent claim is also included for a reciprocating internal combustion engine, especially a large diesel engine, comprising the above cylinder lid. Preferred Features: The inlet (13) of the base cooling channel is connected to a first annular chamber (17) from which coolant is fed to the inlet of the base cooling channel. A valve cooling channel (15) opens into a second annular chamber (18) suitable for receiving coolant.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft einen Zylinderdeckel mit einem Kühlkanalsystem für eine Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine gemäss dem Oberbegriff des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1, sowie eine Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine mit einem solchen Zylinderdeckel.The invention relates to a cylinder cover with a cooling channel system for a Reciprocating internal combustion engine according to the preamble of the independent Claim 1, and a reciprocating internal combustion engine with such Cylinder cover.

Bekannte Zweitakt-Dieselbrennkraftmaschinen mit Längsspülung sind insbesondere in Ausführungen als Grossdieselmotoren bekannt. Solche Motoren kommen ohne Einlassventile im Zylinderdeckel aus, da die Luft durch sogenannte Spülschlitze, die im unteren Bereich des Zylinders angeordnet sind, in den Zylinder eintritt. In einer Deckenfläche im zentralen Bereich des Zylinderdeckels ist ein Auslassventil in der Zylinderachse angeordnet, durch das die Verbrennungsgase austreten können. Die Einspritzdüsen für die Brennstoffeinspritzung sind dagegen in einer Seitenfläche des Zylinderdeckels, die schräg bezüglich der Längsachse des Zylinders verläuft, in dafür geeigneten Einbauöffnungen angeordnet. Dadurch erfolgt die Brennstoffeinspritzung nicht zentral, sondern von der Seite. Um dennoch eine möglichst gleichmässige Verteilung des eingespritzten Brennstoffs im Brennraum zu erreichen, sind pro Zylinder mehrere Einspritzdüsen, typischerweise drei pro Zylinder, vorgesehen. Der Vorteil eines Zylinderdeckels mit zentral angeordnetem Auslassventil liegt unter anderem darin, dass die Ausführung und Anordnung des Kühlsystems im Zylinderdeckel besonders einfach ist. Durch die hohe Symmetrie der Anordnung von Auslassventil und Einspritzdüsen ergibt sich eine ebenfalls bezüglich der zentralen Auslassöffnung des Zylinderdeckels hohe Symmetrie der thermischen Belastungen des Zylinderdeckels im Betrieb. Entsprechend einfach ist daher auch die Geometrie bekannter Kühlkanalsysteme für solche Zylinderdeckel.Known two-stroke diesel internal combustion engines with longitudinal purge are especially known in versions as large diesel engines. Such Engines do not need intake valves in the cylinder cover because the air passes through So-called flushing slots, which are arranged in the lower region of the cylinder are entering the cylinder. In a ceiling area in the central area of the An exhaust valve is arranged in the cylinder axis through the cylinder cover that the combustion gases can escape. The injectors for the In contrast, fuel injection are in a side surface of the Cylinder cover, which runs obliquely with respect to the longitudinal axis of the cylinder, arranged in suitable installation openings. This takes place Fuel injection not from the center, but from the side. To still be one distribution of the injected fuel in the To reach the combustion chamber, there are several injection nozzles per cylinder, typically three per cylinder. The advantage of one Cylinder cover with a centrally located exhaust valve is among other things in that the design and arrangement of the cooling system in the Cylinder cover is particularly simple. Due to the high symmetry of the The arrangement of the exhaust valve and injection nozzles also results high symmetry with respect to the central outlet opening of the cylinder cover the thermal loads on the cylinder cover during operation. Corresponding The geometry of known cooling duct systems for such is therefore simple Cylinder cover.

Der bekannte Zylinderdeckel mit zentralem Auslassventil weist eine Vielzahl von geraden Boden-Kühlkanälen auf, die sich in der Seitenfläche des Zylinderdeckels, die im wesentlichen eine Kegelmantelfläche definiert, von einem ersten (äusseren) Ringraum ausgehend zur Auslassöffnung hin erstrecken, wobei der Abstand zweier benachbarter Boden-Kühlkanäle zur Auslassöffnung hin abnimmt. Der Boden-Kühlkanal weist dabei einen Eingang und einen Ausgang für ein Kühlmittel auf, wobei der Eingang des Boden-Kühlkanals weiter von der Auslassöffnung entfernt ist als der Ausgang. Jeder Ausgang eines Boden-Kühlkanals mündet in einen Ventil-Kühlkanal, so dass Kühlmittel nacheinander durch den Boden-Kühlkanal und den Ventil-Kühlkanal beförderbar ist. Die Ventil-Kühlkanäle erstrecken sich dabei im wesentlichen auf einer Zylinderoberfläche oder auf einer leicht geneigten Kegeloberfläche geradlinig entlang der Auslassöffnung und münden in einen gemeinsamen zweiten (oberen) Ringraum, von welchem aus das Kühlmittel wieder zum Kühler der Brennkraftmaschine zurückbeförderbar ist. Die Einbauöffnungen für die Einspritzdüsen sind konzentrisch auf einer Kreislinie um die Auslassöffnung zwischen je zwei Boden-Kühlkanälen angeordnet. Dabei wird der Radius der Kreislinie so gewählt, dass für die Einbauöffnungen genügend Zwischenraum zwischen den entsprechenden Boden-Kühlkanälen zur Verfügung steht.The known cylinder cover with a central exhaust valve has a large number of straight floor cooling channels, which are located in the side surface of the Cylinder cover, which essentially defines a conical outer surface of a first (outer) annular space starting from the outlet opening extend, the distance between two adjacent floor cooling channels Outlet opening decreases. The floor cooling duct has an entrance and an outlet for a coolant, the inlet of the floor cooling duct is further away from the outlet opening than the outlet. Everyone Output of a floor cooling duct opens into a valve cooling duct, so that Coolant successively through the floor cooling duct and the valve cooling duct is transportable. The valve cooling channels extend in the essentially on a cylinder surface or on a slightly inclined surface Cone surface straight along the outlet opening and open into one common second (upper) annulus from which the coolant can be returned to the cooler of the internal combustion engine. The Installation openings for the injection nozzles are concentric on a circular line arranged around the outlet opening between two floor cooling channels. The radius of the circular line is chosen so that for the installation openings enough space between the corresponding floor cooling channels is available.

Der bekannte Zylinderdeckel mit zentralem Auslassventil zeichnet sich insbesondere dadurch aus, dass aufgrund seines hoch symmetrischen Aufbaus auch die thermischen Belastungen im Betrieb mit dem zuvor kurz beschriebenen Kühlkanalsystem besonders einfach zu kontrollieren sind, da die einfache Geometrie des Zylinderdeckels selbstverständlich ihren Niederschlag auch in der Charakteristik des Temperaturprofils findet, das sich im Betrieb des Grossdieselmotors im Zylinderdeckel einstellt. Das heisst, dass beispielsweise unsymmetrische mechanische Verspannungen des Zylinderdeckels aufgrund von komplex strukturierten Temperaturgradienten allein aufgrund der Geometrie bereits stark minimierbar sind. Ein gravierender Nachteil ergibt sich jedoch aus der Tatsache, dass das Konzept des bekannten Zylinderdeckels mit zentralem Auslassventil den Einsatz mehrerer Einspritzdüsen fordert, wodurch diese Anordnung relativ aufwendig mit Zusatzaggregaten ausgestattet werden muss und daher insgesamt recht kostenintensiv ist.The well-known cylinder cover with a central exhaust valve stands out in particular due to the fact that it is highly symmetrical Construction also the thermal loads in operation with the previously short described cooling channel system are particularly easy to control, because the simple geometry of the cylinder cover is of course yours Precipitation is also found in the characteristic of the temperature profile that in the operation of the large diesel engine in the cylinder cover. It means that for example asymmetrical mechanical tension of the Cylinder cover due to complex structured temperature gradients can already be greatly minimized due to the geometry alone. A serious one The disadvantage arises from the fact that the concept of known cylinder cover with a central exhaust valve the use of several Injector calls, which makes this arrangement relatively expensive Additional units must be equipped and therefore quite right overall is expensive.

Zur Beseitigung dieser Nachteile wurde mit der EP 0 959 240 ein Zylinderdeckel vorgeschlagen, bei welchem sich die Einbauöffnung für die Einspritzdüse zentral in der Deckenfläche des Zylinderdeckels befindet, so dass für die Brennstoffeinspritzung nur noch eine Einspritzdüse notwendig ist. Das Auslassventil ist hier in der Seitenfläche des Zylinders angeordnet. Die Vorteile eines solchen Zylinderdeckels liegen auf der Hand und sind in der EP 0 959 240 ausführlich diskutiert. Allerdings lässt sich das oben beschriebene bekannte Konzept der Kühlung des Zylinderdeckels nicht ohne weiteres auf einen Zylinderdeckel mit zentral angeordneter Einspritzdüse übertragen, was sich alleine schon aufgrund der geänderten Geometrie verbietet. Durch das in der Seitenfläche angeordnete Auslassventil entsteht eine erhebliche Asymmetrie in der thermischen Belastung des Zylinderdeckels. So treten in der Nähe des Auslassventils im Betrieb deutlich höhere Temperaturen auf, als beispielsweise in der Nähe der Einspritzdüse. Damit stellen sich an die Art der Wärmeabführung vollkommen andere Anforderungen, als bei einem Zylinderdeckel mit zentralem Auslassventil. Das Kühlkanalsystems für einen Zylinderdeckel mit zentraler Einspritzdüse muss daher völlig neu konzipiert werden.To eliminate these disadvantages, EP 0 959 240 Cylinder cover proposed, in which the installation opening for the Injector is located centrally in the top surface of the cylinder cover, see above that only one injector is required for fuel injection. The outlet valve is arranged here in the side surface of the cylinder. The Advantages of such a cylinder cover are obvious and are in the EP 0 959 240 discussed in detail. However, you can do that above known concept of cooling the cylinder cover described not without another on a cylinder cover with a centrally arranged injection nozzle transfer what is due to the changed geometry prohibits. The outlet valve arranged in the side surface creates a considerable asymmetry in the thermal load of the Cylinder cover. In this way, in the vicinity of the exhaust valve, operation is clearly evident higher temperatures than, for example, in the vicinity of the injection nozzle. This means that the type of heat dissipation is completely different Requirements than for a cylinder cover with a central exhaust valve. The Cooling channel system for a cylinder cover with a central injection nozzle must therefore be completely redesigned.

Es ist daher die Aufgabe der Erfindung, einen Zylinderdeckel mit einem Kühlkanalsystem für eine Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine mit Längsspülung, insbesondere für einen als Zweitakt-Dieselbrennkraftmaschine ausgelegten Grossdieselmotor vorzuschlagen, wobei das Kühlkanalsystem die besonderen Erfordemisse an die Kühlung eines Zylinderdeckels mit zentral angeordneter Einspritzdüse und einem asymmetrisch in einer Seitenfläche des Zylinderdeckels angeordneten Auslassventil berücksichtigt.It is therefore the object of the invention to provide a cylinder cover with a Cooling channel system for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine with longitudinal flushing, especially for a designed as a two-stroke diesel engine Propose large diesel engine, the cooling channel system being the special one Requirements for the cooling of a cylinder cover with a central arrangement Injector and an asymmetrical in one side surface of the Exhaust valve arranged in the cylinder cover is taken into account.

Die diese Aufgabe lösenden Gegenstände der Erfindung sind durch die Merkmale des unabhängigen Anspruchs 1 gekennzeichnet.The objects of the invention solving this problem are the Features of independent claim 1 characterized.

Die abhängigen Ansprüche beziehen sich auf besonders vorteilhafte Ausführungen der Erfindung.The dependent claims relate to particularly advantageous Embodiments of the invention.

Erfindungsgemäss wird somit ein Zylinderdeckel mit einem Kühlkanalsystem für eine Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine vorgeschlagen, die mindestens einen Zylinder aufweist, in welchem ein Kolben entlang einer Achse des Zylinderdeckels hin- und herbewegbar angeordnet ist, wobei der Zylinderdeckel eine Deckenfläche und eine Seitenfläche umfasst, die im montierten Zustand den Brennraum des Zylinders begrenzen. In der Deckenfläche des Zylinderdeckels ist eine Einbauöffnung zur Aufnahme einer Einspritzdüse, durch die Brennstoff in den Brennraum einbringbar ist, und eine in Bezug zur Achse des Zylinderdeckels in der Seitenfläche angeordnete Auslassöffnung zur Aufnahme eines Auslassventils zum Abführen von Verbrennungsgasen aus dem Brennraum vorgesehen. Desweiteren eine Mehrzahl von Boden-Kühlkanälen, die sich in Richtung zur Auslassöffnung erstrecken, wobei mindestens zwei der Boden-Kühlkanäle jeweils einen Eingang und einen Ausgang für ein Kühlmittel aufweisen, sowie einen Ventil-Kühlkanal, der sich längs der Auslassöffnung erstreckt. Dabei ist jeder Boden-Kühlkanal so angeordnet, dass der Eingang jedes Boden-Kühlkanals weiter von der Auslassöffnung entfernt ist als der Ausgang, und der Ausgang mindestens eines Boden-Kühlkanals mit dem Ventil-Kühlkanal verbunden ist, so dass Kühlmittel nacheinander durch den Boden-Kühlkanal und den Ventil-Kühlkanal beförderbar ist. Zusätzlich erstreckt sich mindestens ein Düsen-Kühlkanal entlang der Einbauöffnung, wobei der Ausgang mindestens eines Boden-Kühlkanals mit dem Düsen-Kühlkanal verbunden ist, so dass Kühlmittel nacheinander durch den Boden-Kühlkanal und den Düsen-Kühlkanal beförderbar ist.According to the invention, a cylinder cover with a cooling channel system is thus provided proposed for a reciprocating internal combustion engine, the at least one Has cylinder in which a piston along an axis of the Cylinder cover is arranged to move back and forth, the Cylinder cover includes a ceiling surface and a side surface, which in the limit the combustion chamber of the cylinder. In the Ceiling surface of the cylinder cover is an installation opening for receiving a Injection nozzle through which fuel can be introduced into the combustion chamber, and a arranged in relation to the axis of the cylinder cover in the side surface Outlet opening for receiving an outlet valve for discharging Combustion gases are provided from the combustion chamber. Furthermore one A plurality of floor cooling ducts that extend towards the outlet opening extend, with at least two of the floor cooling channels each one Have an inlet and an outlet for a coolant, and a valve cooling channel, which extends along the outlet opening. Every floor cooling channel is there arranged so that the entrance of each floor cooling duct continues is removed from the outlet opening as the exit, and the exit at least one floor cooling duct is connected to the valve cooling duct, so that coolant flows through the bottom cooling duct and the valve cooling duct one after the other is transportable. In addition, at least one nozzle cooling channel extends along the installation opening, the exit being at least one Bottom cooling duct is connected to the nozzle cooling duct, so that Coolant successively through the floor cooling duct and the nozzle cooling duct is transportable.

Der erfindungsgemässe Zylinderdeckel umfasst eine Deckenfläche und eine Seitenfläche, die im montierten Zustand, den Brennraum des Zylinders begrenzen. Dabei bildet die Deckenfläche des Zylinderdeckels die der Kolbenstirnfläche gegenüberliegende Begrenzungsfläche des Brennraums. Die Deckenfläche weist eine Einbauöffnung für eine Einspritzdüse auf, die im wesentlichen zentral in der Deckenfläche angeordnet ist. An die Deckenfläche schliesst sich die Seitenfläche an, welche schrägt in Bezug zur Mittelachse der Einbauöffnung für die Einspritzdüse angeordnet ist, so dass die Seitenfläche stumpfwinklig in die Deckenfläche einmündet. Die Seitenfläche weist eine Auslassöffnung zur Aufnahme eines Auslassventils auf. In der Peripherie der Seitenfläche ist im Zylinderdeckel ein erster Ringraum angeordnet, der dazu geeignet ist, dem Kühlkanalsystem des Zylinderdeckels Kühlmittel zuzuführen.The cylinder cover according to the invention comprises a ceiling surface and a Side surface, in the assembled state, the combustion chamber of the cylinder limit. The top surface of the cylinder cover forms that of Piston face opposite boundary surface of the combustion chamber. The ceiling surface has an installation opening for an injection nozzle, which in the is arranged essentially centrally in the ceiling area. On the ceiling surface joins the side surface, which is inclined in relation to the central axis the installation opening for the injection nozzle is arranged so that the Side surface ends at an obtuse angle in the ceiling surface. The side surface has an outlet opening for receiving an outlet valve. In the The periphery of the side surface is a first annular space in the cylinder cover arranged, which is suitable for the cooling channel system of the cylinder cover Add coolant.

Der erfindungsgemässe Zylinderdeckel zeichnet sich durch ein im wesentlichen dreiteilig ausgestaltetes Kühlkanalsystem aus, das, im Gegensatz zu dem bekannten Kühlkanalsystem, neben einer Vielzahl von Boden-Kühlkanälen und einer entsprechenden Anzahl von Ventil-Kühlkanälen, zusätzlich noch eine bestimmte Zahl von Düsen-Kühlkanälen aufweist, die sich entlang der zentral angeordneten Einspritzdüse erstrecken. Dabei sind die Boden-Kühlkanäle, die eingangsseitig mit dem ersten Ringraum verbunden sind, im wesentlichen für die Kühlung der Seitenfläche geeignet, während die Ventil-Kühlkanäle, die sich entlang der Auslassöffnung erstrecken, im wesentlichen für die Kühlung des Zylinderdeckels im Bereich des Auslassventils und des Auslassventils selbst vorgesehen sind. Die Düsen-Kühlkanäle erstrecken sich entlang der Einbauöffnung und sind damit insbesondere zur Kühlung der Einspritzdüse und des an die Einbauöffnung angrenzenden Bereichs des Zylinderdeckels geeignet. Dabei ist ein Teil der zuvor erwähnten Boden-Kühlkanäle ausgangsseitig mit den Ventil-Kühlkanälen verbunden, während die übrigen verbleibenden Boden-Kühlkanäle ausgangsseitig mit den Düsen-Kühlkanälen verbunden sind. Die Düsen-Kühlkanäle münden ausgangsseitig in eine gemeinsame Sammelleitung und die Ventil-Kühlkanäle in einen gemeinsamen zweiten Ringraum, wobei der zweite Ringraum mittels einer Verbindungsleitung mit der Sammelleitung verbunden ist.The cylinder cover according to the invention is characterized by a essentially three-part cooling duct system, which, in Contrary to the known cooling duct system, in addition to a variety of Floor cooling channels and a corresponding number of valve cooling channels, in addition, a certain number of nozzle cooling channels has, which extend along the centrally arranged injection nozzle. The floor cooling ducts are on the inlet side with the first Annulus are connected, essentially for cooling the side surface suitable while the valve cooling channels that are located along the outlet opening extend, essentially for cooling the cylinder cover in the area of the exhaust valve and the exhaust valve itself are provided. The Nozzle cooling channels extend along the installation opening and are therefore in particular for cooling the injection nozzle and the one at the installation opening adjacent area of the cylinder cover suitable. Part of the Floor cooling ducts mentioned above on the output side with the valve cooling ducts connected while the remaining remaining floor cooling channels are connected on the output side to the nozzle cooling channels. The Nozzle cooling channels open into a common one on the output side Manifold and the valve cooling channels in a common second Annulus, the second annulus by means of a connecting line the manifold is connected.

Im Betrieb kann somit das Kühlmittel ausgehend vom ersten Ringraum zunächst die Boden-Kühlkanäle zur Kühlung der Seitenfläche durchströmen, und anschliessend in einem ersten Teilkreislauf nacheinander durch die Ventil-Kühlkanäle, den zweiten Ringraum und die Verbindungsleitung der Sammelleitung zugeführt werden und parallel dazu in einem zweiten Teilkreislauf durch die Düsen-Kühlkanäle der Sammelleitung zugeführt werden, welche Sammelleitung dann das Kühlmittel wieder zu einem Kühler der Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine zurückführt.During operation, the coolant can thus start from the first annular space first flow through the floor cooling channels to cool the side surface, and then in a first sub-cycle through the Valve cooling channels, the second annulus and the connecting line of the Bus line are fed and in parallel in a second Partial circuit fed through the nozzle cooling channels of the manifold which manifold then coolant back to a cooler of the reciprocating internal combustion engine.

Die Erfindung wird im Folgenden an Hand der Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen in schematischer Darstellung:

Fig. 1
einen Zylinder eines Grossdieselmotors mit Zylinderdeckel und weiteren wesentlichen Teilen;
Fig. 2
ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemässen Zylinderdeckels mit Kühlkanalsystem im Schnitt;
Fig. 3
eine nicht massstabsgerechte Darstellung eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels eines Kühlkanalsystems mit Auslassventil und Einspritzdüse;
Fig. 4
ein zweites Ausführungsbeispiel gemäss Fig. 3.
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing. In a schematic representation:
Fig. 1
a cylinder of a large diesel engine with a cylinder cover and other essential parts;
Fig. 2
an embodiment of an inventive cylinder cover with cooling channel system in section;
Fig. 3
a not to scale representation of a first embodiment of a cooling channel system with exhaust valve and injector;
Fig. 4
3 shows a second exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 3.

Fig. 1 zeigt in einer schematischen Darstellung einen Zylinder 3 eines Grossdieselmotors G mit einem erfindungsgemässen Zylinderdeckel mit Kühlkanalsystem 2, welcher Zylinderdeckel im folgenden gesamthaft mit dem Bezugszeichen 1 bezeichnet ist. Der erfindungsgemässe Zylinderdeckel 1 ist insbesondere für Grossdieselmotoren G geeignet, die als Zweitakt-Dieselbrennkraftmaschinen mit Längsspülung ausgelegt sind. Die wesentlichen Komponenten von Grossdieselmotoren G, die in der Regel mehrere Zylinder 3 aufweisen, sind an sich bekannt.Fig. 1 shows a schematic representation of a cylinder 3 of a Large diesel engine G with a cylinder cover according to the invention Cooling channel system 2, which cylinder cover in the following with the Reference numeral 1 is designated. The cylinder cover 1 according to the invention is Particularly suitable for large diesel engines G, which are used as two-stroke diesel engines are designed with longitudinal rinsing. The essential components of large diesel engines G, as a rule have a plurality of cylinders 3 are known per se.

Der Zylinder 3 eines solchen Grossdieselmotors G weist einen Zylinderdeckel 1 auf, der eine Deckenfläche 5 und eine Seitenfläche 6 umfasst, die im montierten Zustand, wie in Fig. 1 gezeigt, den Brennraum 7 des Zylinders 3 begrenzen. Dabei bildet die Deckenfläche 5 des Zylinderdeckels 1 im montierten Zustand die der Kolbenstirnfläche 41 gegenüberliegende Begrenzungsfläche des Brennraums 7, die senkrecht zu einer Achse A -A des Zylinderdeckels 1 liegt. An die Deckenfläche 5 schliesst sich die Seitenfläche 6 an, deren darstellungsgemäss oberer Teil, welcher in die Deckenfläche 5 einmündet, schrägt zur Achse A - A des Zylinderdeckels 1 verläuft, so dass die Seitenfläche 6 stumpfwinklig in die Deckenfläche 5 einmündet. Im Zylinder 3 ist ein Kolben 4 entlang der Achse A - A hin- und herbewegbar angeordnet. Der Kolben 4 ist mittels einer Kolbenstange in an sich bekannter Weise mit einer Kurbelwelle (nicht dargestellt) verbunden.The cylinder 3 of such a large diesel engine G has a cylinder cover 1, which comprises a ceiling surface 5 and a side surface 6, which in the assembled state, as shown in FIG. 1, the combustion chamber 7 of the cylinder 3 limit. The ceiling surface 5 of the cylinder cover 1 forms in the assembled state that opposite the piston end face 41 Boundary surface of the combustion chamber 7, which is perpendicular to an axis A -A of the cylinder cover 1. On the ceiling surface 5 closes Side surface 6, whose upper part as shown, which in the Ceiling surface 5 opens out, slants to the axis A - A of the cylinder cover 1 runs so that the side surface 6 is obtuse at the ceiling surface 5 opens. In the cylinder 3, a piston 4 is reciprocated along the axis A - A arranged movably. The piston 4 is in by means of a piston rod is known to be connected to a crankshaft (not shown).

Der Zylinderdeckel 1 weist eine in der Deckenfläche 5, im wesentlichen zentral, angeordnete Einbauöffnung 8 zur Aufnahme einer Einspritzdüse 9 auf. Die Einspritzdüse 9 ist über eine Brennstoffleitung 91 mit einer nicht dargestellten Einspritzvorrichtung verbunden, die den Brennstoff durch die Einspritzdüse 9 in den Brennraum 7 des Zylinders 3 einbringt, wie dies die strichpunktierten Keulen in Fig. 1 andeuten. In der Seitenfläche 6 des Zylinderdeckels 1 ist eine Auslassöffnung 10 zur Aufnahme eines Auslassventils 11 angeordnet. The cylinder cover 1 has one in the ceiling surface 5, essentially centrally arranged installation opening 8 for receiving an injection nozzle 9 on. The injector 9 is not connected to a fuel line 91 Injector shown connected to the fuel through the Injector 9 brings into the combustion chamber 7 of the cylinder 3, as the dash-dotted clubs indicate in Fig. 1. In the side surface 6 of the Cylinder cover 1 is an outlet opening 10 for receiving a Exhaust valve 11 arranged.

Der Zylinderdeckel 1 ist zur Kühlung mit einem im wesentlichen dreiteiligen Kühlkanalsystem 2 ausgestattet, das eine Mehrzahl von Boden-Kühlkanälen 12 umfasst, von denen mindestens zwei jeweils einen Eingang 13 und einen Ausgang 14 für ein Kühlmittel aufweisen. Dabei ist jeder Boden-Kühlkanal 12 im Zylinderdeckel 1 so angeordnet, dass der Eingang 13 eines jeden Boden-Kühlkanals 12 weiter von der Auslassöffnung 10 entfernt ist, als sein entsprechender Ausgang 14. Darüber hinaus umfasst der Zylinderdeckel 1 mindestens einen Ventil-Kühlkanal 15, sowie mindestens einen Düsen-Kühlkanal 16 mit Austrittsöffnung 20, welcher mit einer Sammelleitung 21 verbunden ist.The cylinder cover 1 is for cooling with an essentially three-part Cooling channel system 2 equipped, which a plurality of floor cooling channels 12 comprises, of which at least two each have an input 13 and one Have outlet 14 for a coolant. Each floor cooling channel is 12 arranged in the cylinder cover 1 so that the inlet 13 of each floor cooling channel 12 is further away from the outlet opening 10 than its corresponding outlet 14. In addition, the cylinder cover 1 at least one valve cooling duct 15 and at least one nozzle cooling duct 16 with outlet opening 20, which with a manifold 21st connected is.

In Fig.2 ist schematisch ein Schnitt durch den erfindungsgemässen Zylinderdeckel 1 mit Einspritzdüse 9 und Auslassöffnung 10 entlang einer Ebene E dargestellt, die durch die Achsen A - A und B - B definiert ist. Zu erkennen ist ein Boden-Kühlkanal 12, welcher mit seinem Ausgang 14 in einen Düsen-Kühlkanal 16 mündet. Die Austrittsöffnung 20 des Düsen-Kühlkanals 16 mündet in die im Querschnitt dargestellte Sammelleitung 21, welche mit einer Verbindungsleitung 22 verbunden ist, deren Funktion später noch ausführlich beschrieben wird.In Figure 2 is a schematic section through the inventive Cylinder cover 1 with injection nozzle 9 and outlet opening 10 along a Plane E is shown, which is defined by the axes A - A and B - B. To A bottom cooling channel 12 can be seen, which with its outlet 14 in a nozzle cooling channel 16 opens. The outlet opening 20 of the nozzle cooling duct 16 opens into the collecting line 21 shown in cross section, which is connected to a connecting line 22, the function of which later is still described in detail.

In den Fig. 3 und 4 ist schematisch je ein Ausführungsbeispiel eines Kühlkanalsystems 2 eines erfindungsgemässen Zylinderdeckels 1 mit Auslassventil 11 und Einspritzdüse 9 in nicht masstabsgerechter Darstellung skizziert. Der Übersicht halber ist die Einspritzdüse 9 im nicht eingebauten Zustand dargestellt. Wie aus den Fig. 3 und 4 ersichtlich ist, erstrecken sich die in ihrer Länge im allgemeinen unterschiedlichen Boden-Kühlkanäle 12 sämtlich, im wesentlichen geradlinig, in Richtung zur Auslassöffnung 10 des Zylinderdeckels 1. Bevorzugt sind die Boden-Kühlkanäle 12 im Zylinderdeckel 1 so angeordnet, dass sich deren Längsachsen L - L in einer Kegelmantelfläche, ausgehend von einem ersten Ringraum 17 zur Achse A - A zum Zentrum des Zylinderdeckels 1 erstrecken, wobei der Winkel α zwischen den Längsachsen L - L zweier beliebiger benachbarter Boden-Kühlkanäle 12 im wesentlichen immer gleich ist. Denkbar ist natürlich auch, dass der Winkel α zwischen verschiedenen Paaren von Längsachsen L - L unterschiedlich ist. 3 and 4 is schematically one embodiment of each Cooling channel system 2 of a cylinder cover 1 according to the invention with Exhaust valve 11 and injector 9 in a representation not to scale outlined. For the sake of clarity, the injector 9 is not installed State shown. As can be seen from FIGS. 3 and 4, extend the floor cooling channels 12, which are generally different in length all, substantially rectilinear, towards the outlet opening 10 of the Cylinder cover 1. The floor cooling channels 12 in the cylinder cover are preferred 1 arranged so that their longitudinal axes L - L are in a Conical surface, starting from a first annular space 17 to the axis A - A extend to the center of the cylinder cover 1, the angle α between the longitudinal axes L - L of any two adjacent floor cooling channels 12 is essentially always the same. Of course, it is also conceivable that the angle α between different pairs of longitudinal axes L - L is different.

Der erste Ringraum 17 ist innerhalb des Zylinderdeckels 1 an dessen Peripherie angeordnet und ist über eine Zuleitungseinrichtung 171 mit einer nicht gezeigten Kühleinrichtung des Zylinders 3 verbunden, durch welche Zuleitungseinrichtung 171 dem ersten Ringraum 17 Kühlmittel aus der (nicht gezeigten) Kühleinrichtung des Zylinders 3 zuführbar ist. Dabei kann der erste Ringraum 17 durchaus mehrere Zuleitungseinrichtungen 171 aufweisen oder die Zuleitungseinrichtung 171 kann sich als ringförmige Öffnung teilweise oder ganz entlang des ersten Ringraumes 17 erstrecken.The first annular space 17 is located inside the cylinder cover 1 Arranged periphery and is connected to a via a feed device 171 Cooling device of the cylinder 3, not shown, through which Supply device 171 to the first annular space 17 coolant from the (not shown) cooling device of the cylinder 3 can be fed. The first can Annular space 17 may have several supply devices 171 or the feed device 171 can partially or as an annular opening extend completely along the first annular space 17.

Diejenigen Boden-Kühlkanäle 12, deren Ausgänge 14 näher an der Auslassöffnung 10 als an der Einbauöffnung 8 liegen, sind über den Ausgang 14 mit einem Ventil-Kühlkanal 15 verbunden. Bevorzugt steht jeder dieser Boden-Kühlkanäle 12 jeweils mit genau einem Ventil-Kühlkanal 15 in Verbindung. Allerdings ist es durchaus denkbar, dass zwei oder mehrere solcher Boden-Kühlkanäle 12 gleichzeitig mit ein und demselben Ventil-Kühlkanal 15 verbunden ist. Jeder Ventil-Kühlkanal 15 erstreckt sich bevorzugt geradlinig unter einem bestimmten Neigungswinkel bezüglich der Achse V - V der Auslassöffnung 10 entlang der Achse V - V. Dabei kann der Neigungswinkel bezüglich der Achse V - V für alle Ventil-Kühlkanäle 15 gleich sein. Zum Beispiel kann der Neigungswinkel bezüglich der Achse V - V null Grad betragen, so dass alle Ventil-Kühlkanäle 15 auf einer gemeinsamen (gedachten) Zylinderfläche liegen; bei einem anderen Wert des Neigungswinkels liegen alle Ventil-Kühlkanäle 15 auf einer (gedachten) Kegelfläche. Selbstverständlich ist es auch denkbar, dass zwei oder mehrere der Ventil-Kühlkanäle bezüglich der Achse V - V verschiedene Neigungswinkel aufweisen, um z.B. eine bezüglich der Achse V - V im Betrieb auftretende Asymmetrie der Temperaturverteilung im Zylinderdeckel zu kompensieren. In besonderen Fällen ist es auch denkbar, dass sich ein oder mehrere Ventil-Kühlkanäle 15 nicht geradlinig entlang der Auslassöffnung 10 erstrecken, sondern sich bezüglich der Achse V - V spiralförmig oder in einer anderen Form erstrecken.Those floor cooling channels 12 whose outputs 14 are closer to the Outlet opening 10 than at the installation opening 8 are above the exit 14 connected to a valve cooling duct 15. Each of these is preferred Floor cooling channels 12 each with exactly one valve cooling channel 15 in Connection. However, it is quite conceivable that two or more such floor cooling channels 12 simultaneously with one and the same valve cooling channel 15 is connected. Each valve cooling channel 15 extends preferably straight at a certain angle of inclination with respect to Axis V - V of the outlet opening 10 along the axis V - V. The Inclination angle with respect to the axis V - V is the same for all valve cooling channels 15 his. For example, the angle of inclination with respect to the V-V axis may be zero Degrees, so that all valve cooling channels 15 on a common (imaginary) cylinder surface; at a different value of the Angle of inclination, all valve cooling channels 15 lie on one (imaginary) Conical surface. Of course, it is also conceivable that two or more of the valve cooling channels with respect to the axis V - V different Have inclination angles, e.g. one with respect to the axis V - V in operation Asymmetry of the temperature distribution in the cylinder cover compensate. In special cases it is also conceivable that one or a plurality of valve cooling channels 15 are not rectilinear along the outlet opening 10 extend, but with respect to the axis V - V spiral or in one other shape.

Der sich entlang der Auslassöffnung 10 erstreckende Ventil-Kühlkanal 15 mündet ausgehend vom Ausgang 14 eines Boden-Kühlkanals 12 in einen zweiten Ringraum 18, der zur Aufnahme des nacheinander den Boden-Kühlkanal 12 und den Ventil-Kühlkanal 15 durchströmende Kühlmittel geeignet ist, und aus welchem das Kühlmittel wieder über eine Verbindungsleitung 22 einer Sammelleitung 21 zuführbar ist, welche Sammelleitung 21 dazu geeignet ist, das Kühlmittel einem nicht gezeigten Kühler des Grossdieselmotors G zurückzuführen.The valve cooling duct 15 extending along the outlet opening 10 emanating from the outlet 14 of a floor cooling duct 12 into one second annular space 18, which is used to receive the bottom cooling channel one after the other 12 and coolant flowing through the valve cooling duct 15 is suitable, and from which the coolant again via a Connecting line 22 can be fed to a collecting line 21, which The manifold 21 is suitable for the coolant, not shown Large diesel engine cooler.

Diejenigen Boden-Kühlkanäle 12, deren Ausgänge 14 näher an der Einbauöffnung 8, als an der Auslassöffnung 10 liegen, sind über den Ausgang 14 mit einem Düsen-Kühlkanal 16 verbunden. Bevorzugt steht jeder dieser Boden-Kühlkanäle 12, wie in Fig. 3 dargestellt, jeweils mit genau einem Düsen-Kühlkanal 16 in Verbindung. Allerdings ist es durchaus denkbar, dass zwei oder mehrere solcher Boden-Kühlkanäle 12 an ihrem Ausgang 14 gleichzeitig mit ein und demselben Düsen-Kühlkanal 15 verbunden sind. Ein solches Ausführungsbeispiel zeigt Fig. 4. Jeder Düsen-Kühlkanal 16 erstreckt sich bevorzugt geradlinig unter einem bestimmten Winkel bezüglich der Achse A - A des Zylinderdeckels 1 entlang der Achse A - A. Dabei kann der Winkel bezüglich der Achse A - A für alle Düsen-Kühlkanäle 16 gleich oder verschieden sein. In besonderen Fällen ist es auch denkbar, dass sich ein oder mehrere Düsen-Kühlkanäle 16 nicht geradlinig entlang der Einbauöffnung 8 erstrecken, sondern sich bezüglich der Achse A - A spiralförmig oder in einer anderen Form erstrecken.Those floor cooling channels 12 whose outputs 14 are closer to the Installation opening 8, as lying on the outlet opening 10, are above the exit 14 connected to a nozzle cooling duct 16. Each of these is preferred Floor cooling channels 12, as shown in Fig. 3, each with exactly one Nozzle cooling duct 16 in connection. However, it is quite conceivable that two or more such floor cooling channels 12 at their outlet 14 are simultaneously connected to one and the same nozzle cooling duct 15. On Such an exemplary embodiment is shown in FIG. 4. Each nozzle cooling channel 16 extends preferably rectilinear at a certain angle with respect to the axis A - A of the cylinder cover 1 along the axis A - A. The angle with respect to the axis A - A for all nozzle cooling channels 16 the same or to be different. In special cases it is also conceivable that a or more nozzle cooling channels 16 are not straight along the Installation opening 8 extend, but with respect to the axis A - A extend spirally or in another shape.

Der sich entlang der Einbauöffnung 8 erstreckende Düsen-Kühlkanal 16 mündet ausgehend vom Ausgang 14 eines Boden-Kühlkanals 12 in die Sammelleitung 21, die zur Aufnahme des nacheinander den Boden-Kühlkanal 12 und den Düsen-Kühlkanal 16 durchströmende Kühlmittel geeignet ist, und über welche Sammelleitung 21 das Kühlmittel wieder zu dem nicht gezeigten Kühler des Grossdieselmotors G abführbar ist.The nozzle cooling duct 16 extending along the installation opening 8 emanating from the outlet 14 of a floor cooling duct 12 into the Header 21, which is used to receive the bottom cooling channel one after the other 12 and coolant flowing through the nozzle cooling channel 16 is suitable, and Via which manifold 21 the coolant again to the not shown Radiator of the large diesel engine G can be removed.

Unter Umständen kann es von Vorteil sein, dass sowohl ein Teil der Boden-Kühlkanäle, als auch der Ventil-Kühlkanäle und / oder der Düsen-Kühlkanäle als Blindbohrungen ausgeführt sind, das heisst, dass die entsprechenden Kanäle nur eine Eingangsöffnung für ein Kühlmittel, jedoch keine Ausgangsöffnung aufweisen. Ebenso ist es denkbar, dass der Durchmesser der verschiedenen Kühlkanäle unterschiedlich ausgelegt ist, so dass durch verschiedene Bereiche innerhalb des Zylinderdeckels pro Zeiteinheit unterschiedliche Mengen an Kühlmittel fliessen, wodurch asymmetrische thermische Belastungen des Zylinderdeckels besser ausgeglichen werden können.Under certain circumstances, it can be advantageous that both part of the floor cooling channels, as well as the valve cooling channels and / or the nozzle cooling channels are designed as blind bores, which means that the corresponding Channels only one inlet opening for a coolant, but none Have exit opening. It is also conceivable that the diameter of the different cooling channels is designed differently, so that through different areas within the cylinder cover per unit of time different amounts of coolant flow, creating asymmetrical thermal loads on the cylinder cover can be better balanced can.

Der erfindungsgemässe Zylinderdeckel umfasst somit ein Kühlkanalsystem, welches aufgrund seines im wesentlichen dreiteiligen Aufbaus den Anforderungen an die Kühlung eines Zylinderdeckels mit zentraler Kraftstoffeinspritzung und seitlich angeordnetem Auslassventil besonders gut angepasst ist. Durch den zusätzlichen Einsatz von Düsen-Kühlkanälen und die spezielle Geometrie und Anordnung der verschiedenen Kühlkanäle wird die stark asymmetrische thermische Belastung des Zylinderdeckels optimal berücksichtigt, wodurch die im Betrieb entstehenden lokal unterschiedlichen Wärmemengen durch das Kühlkanalsystem so abführbar sind, dass Temperaturgradienten wirksam abgebaut und damit mechanische Verspannungen im Zylinderdeckel wirksam vermieden werden können.The cylinder cover according to the invention thus comprises a cooling duct system, which due to its essentially three-part construction Requirements for cooling a cylinder cover with a central one Fuel injection and exhaust valve on the side are particularly good is adjusted. Through the additional use of nozzle cooling channels and the special geometry and arrangement of the different cooling channels the highly asymmetrical thermal load on the cylinder cover is optimal is taken into account, which means that the locally different ones arising in operation Amounts of heat can be dissipated through the cooling duct system in such a way that Temperature gradients effectively reduced and thus mechanical Tensions in the cylinder cover can be effectively avoided.

Claims (10)

Zylinderdeckel mit einem Kühlkanalsystem (2) für eine Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine, die mindestens einen Zylinder (3) aufweist, in welchem ein Kolben (4) entlang einer Achse (A - A) des Zylinderdeckels hin- und herbewegbar angeordnet ist, welcher Zylinderdeckel umfasst: eine Deckenfläche (5) und eine Seitenfläche (6), die im montierten Zustand den Brennraum (7) des Zylinders (3) begrenzen, eine in der Deckenfläche (5) angeordnete Einbauöffnung (8) zur Aufnahme einer Einspritzdüse (9), durch die Brennstoff in den Brennraum (7) einbringbar ist, eine in Bezug zur Achse (A - A) in der Seitenfläche (6) angeordnete Auslassöffnung (10) zur Aufnahme eines Auslassventils (11) zum Abführen von Verbrennungsgasen aus dem Brennraum (7), eine Mehrzahl von Boden-Kühlkanälen (12), die sich in Richtung zur Auslassöffnung (10) erstrecken, wobei mindestens zwei der Boden-Kühlkanäle (12) jeweils einen Eingang (13) und einen Ausgang (14) für ein Kühlmittel aufweisen, einen Ventil-Kühlkanal (15), der sich längs der Auslassöffnung (10) erstreckt, wobei jeder Boden-Kühlkanal (12) so angeordnet ist, dass der Eingang (13) des Boden-Kühlkanals (12) weiter von der Auslassöffnung (10) entfernt ist als der Ausgang (14), und der Ausgang (14) mindestens eines Boden-Kühlkanals (12) mit dem Ventilkühl-Kanal (15) verbunden ist, so dass Kühlmittel nacheinander durch den Boden-Kühlkanal (12) und den Ventil-Kühlkanal (15) beförderbar ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich mindestens ein Düsen-Kühlkanal (16) entlang der Einbauöffnung (8) erstreckt, wobei der Ausgang (14) mindestens eines Boden-Kühlkanals (12) mit dem Düsen-Kühlkanal (16) verbunden ist, so dass Kühlmittel nacheinander durch den Boden-Kühlkanal (12) und den Düsen-Kühlkanal (16) beförderbar ist.Cylinder cover with a cooling channel system (2) for a reciprocating piston internal combustion engine, which has at least one cylinder (3), in which a piston (4) is arranged to move back and forth along an axis (A - A) of the cylinder cover, which cylinder cover comprises: a ceiling surface (5) and a side surface (6) which, in the assembled state, delimit the combustion chamber (7) of the cylinder (3), an installation opening (8) arranged in the ceiling surface (5) for receiving an injection nozzle (9) through which fuel can be introduced into the combustion chamber (7), an outlet opening (10) arranged in the side surface (6) with respect to the axis (A - A) for receiving an outlet valve (11) for discharging combustion gases from the combustion chamber (7), a plurality of floor cooling channels (12) extending in the direction of the outlet opening (10), at least two of the floor cooling channels (12) each having an inlet (13) and an outlet (14) for a coolant, a valve cooling channel (15) which extends along the outlet opening (10), wherein each floor cooling channel (12) is arranged such that the inlet (13) of the floor cooling channel (12) is further away from the outlet opening (10) than the outlet (14), and the outlet (14) of at least one floor Cooling duct (12) is connected to the valve cooling duct (15), so that coolant can be conveyed successively through the bottom cooling duct (12) and the valve cooling duct (15), characterized in that at least one nozzle cooling duct ( 16) extends along the installation opening (8), the outlet (14) of at least one floor cooling channel (12) being connected to the nozzle cooling channel (16), so that coolant is passed in succession through the floor cooling channel (12) and the nozzles -Cooling channel (16) is transportable. Zylinderdeckel nach Anspruch 1, bei welchem der Eingang (13) des Boden-Kühlkanals (12) mit einem ersten Ringraum (17), aus welchem Kühlmittel dem Eingang (13) des Boden-Kühlkanals (12) zuführbar ist, in Verbindung steht.A cylinder cover according to claim 1, wherein the entrance (13) of the Floor cooling channel (12) with a first annular space (17), from which Coolant can be fed to the inlet (13) of the floor cooling duct (12), communicates. Zylinderdeckel nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, bei welchem der Ventil-Kühlkanal (15) in einen zweiten Ringraum (18) mündet, der zur Aufnahme von Kühlmittel geeignet ist.A cylinder cover according to claim 1 or 2, in which the valve cooling channel (15) opens into a second annular space (18) which is for receiving of coolant is suitable. Zylinderdeckel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, bei welchem sich mindestens zwei Boden-Kühlkanäle (12) und / oder zwei Ventil-Kühlkanäle (15) in ihrem Durchmesser unterscheiden.Cylinder cover according to one of claims 1 to 3, in which at least two floor cooling channels (12) and / or two valve cooling channels (15) differ in their diameter. Zylinderdeckel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, bei welchem sich mindestens zwei Ventil-Kühlkanäle (15) und / oder zwei Düsen-Kühlkanäle (16) in ihrem Durchmesser unterscheiden.Cylinder cover according to one of claims 1 to 4, in which at least two valve cooling channels (15) and / or two nozzle cooling channels (16) differ in their diameter. Zylinderdeckel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, bei welchem eine Längsachse (L - L) des Boden-Kühlkanals (12) in einer Kegelmantelfläche liegt und sich ausgehend vom ersten Ringraum (17) zur Achse (A - A) des Zylinderdeckels erstreckt.Cylinder cover according to one of claims 1 to 5, in which one Longitudinal axis (L - L) of the floor cooling duct (12) in one Conical surface lies and starting from the first annular space (17) extends to the axis (A - A) of the cylinder cover. Zylinderdeckel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, bei welchem die Ausgänge (14) von mindestens zwei Boden-Kühlkanälen (12) über einen Verbindungskanal (19) verbunden sind. Cylinder cover according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the Outputs (14) from at least two floor cooling channels (12) a connecting channel (19) are connected. Zylinderdeckel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, bei welchem eine Austrittsöffnung (20) des Düsen-Kühlkanals (16) mit einer Sammelleitung (21) verbunden ist.Cylinder cover according to one of claims 1 to 7, in which one Outlet opening (20) of the nozzle cooling channel (16) with a Bus line (21) is connected. Zylinderdeckel nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, bei welchem die Sammelleitung (21) über eine Verbindungsleitung (22) zur Weiterleitung von Kühlmittel mit dem zweiten Ringraum (18) in Verbindung steht.Cylinder cover according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the Bus line (21) via a connecting line (22) to Forwarding of coolant with the second annulus (18) in Connection is established. Hubkolbenbrennkraftmaschine, insbesondere Grossdieselmotor, mit einem Zylinderdeckel gemäss einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 9.Reciprocating internal combustion engine, in particular large diesel engine, with a cylinder cover according to one of claims 1 to 9.
EP02406107A 2002-01-16 2002-12-17 Cylinder head for a piston combustion engine with a cooling conduit system Expired - Lifetime EP1329628B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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EP02405023 2002-01-16
EP02405023 2002-01-16
EP02406107A EP1329628B1 (en) 2002-01-16 2002-12-17 Cylinder head for a piston combustion engine with a cooling conduit system

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KR (1) KR100921412B1 (en)
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007030482A1 (en) 2007-06-30 2009-01-08 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Method for producing cooling channels in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine
EP2410140A1 (en) 2010-07-20 2012-01-25 Wärtsilä Schweiz AG Lubrication device for a piston
US20160160793A1 (en) * 2014-12-04 2016-06-09 Hyundai Motor Company Engine for vehicles
EP3219970A1 (en) * 2016-03-17 2017-09-20 Winterthur Gas & Diesel AG Cylinder for a longitudinally wound two-stroke large disel engine and large diesel engine

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3000998B1 (en) * 2014-09-24 2017-07-19 Caterpillar Motoren GmbH & Co. KG Valve seat insert for an internal combustion engine
DK179175B1 (en) * 2016-03-16 2018-01-08 Man Diesel & Turbo Filial Af Man Diesel & Turbo Se Tyskland A cylinder cover for a large two-stroke turbocharged compression-ignited internal combustion engine
JP7164286B2 (en) 2016-04-27 2022-11-01 東芝ライフスタイル株式会社 refrigerator

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EP0959240A1 (en) 1998-05-22 1999-11-24 Wärtsilä NSD Schweiz AG Cylinder head and arrangement for a two-stroke diesel engine

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CH545915A (en) * 1971-12-09 1974-02-15
JP3073275B2 (en) * 1991-07-24 2000-08-07 ヤンマーディーゼル株式会社 Cylinder head of water-cooled internal combustion engine

Patent Citations (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0959240A1 (en) 1998-05-22 1999-11-24 Wärtsilä NSD Schweiz AG Cylinder head and arrangement for a two-stroke diesel engine

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102007030482A1 (en) 2007-06-30 2009-01-08 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Method for producing cooling channels in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine
DE102007030482B4 (en) 2007-06-30 2018-12-20 Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft Cooling channels in the cylinder head of an internal combustion engine
EP2410140A1 (en) 2010-07-20 2012-01-25 Wärtsilä Schweiz AG Lubrication device for a piston
US20160160793A1 (en) * 2014-12-04 2016-06-09 Hyundai Motor Company Engine for vehicles
EP3219970A1 (en) * 2016-03-17 2017-09-20 Winterthur Gas & Diesel AG Cylinder for a longitudinally wound two-stroke large disel engine and large diesel engine

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CN100467847C (en) 2009-03-11
JP2003214251A (en) 2003-07-30
EP1329628A3 (en) 2003-11-19
EP1329628B1 (en) 2007-06-13
CN1432727A (en) 2003-07-30
KR20030077948A (en) 2003-10-04
PL358264A1 (en) 2003-07-28
DE50210310D1 (en) 2007-07-26
JP4340070B2 (en) 2009-10-07
KR100921412B1 (en) 2009-10-14
DK1329628T3 (en) 2007-10-08

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