EP0652088A1 - Procédé et dispositif de traitement de troncs d'arbres - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif de traitement de troncs d'arbres Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0652088A1
EP0652088A1 EP94114656A EP94114656A EP0652088A1 EP 0652088 A1 EP0652088 A1 EP 0652088A1 EP 94114656 A EP94114656 A EP 94114656A EP 94114656 A EP94114656 A EP 94114656A EP 0652088 A1 EP0652088 A1 EP 0652088A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
side boards
circular saw
tree trunk
teeth
trimming
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP94114656A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0652088B1 (fr
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Dietz Hans Prof Dr
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Dietz Hans Prof Dr
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Publication date
Application filed by Dietz Hans Prof Dr filed Critical Dietz Hans Prof Dr
Publication of EP0652088A1 publication Critical patent/EP0652088A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B31/00—Arrangements for conveying, loading, turning, adjusting, or discharging the log or timber, specially designed for saw mills or sawing machines
    • B27B31/08—Discharging equipment
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B1/00—Methods for subdividing trunks or logs essentially involving sawing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B5/00—Sawing machines working with circular or cylindrical saw blades; Components or equipment therefor
    • B27B5/02—Sawing machines working with circular or cylindrical saw blades; Components or equipment therefor characterised by a special purpose only
    • B27B5/04—Sawing machines working with circular or cylindrical saw blades; Components or equipment therefor characterised by a special purpose only for edge trimming
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
    • B27B—SAWS FOR WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; COMPONENTS OR ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • B27B7/00—Sawing machines working with circular saw blades, specially designed for length sawing of trunks

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for dismantling a tree trunk into wood products, in which side boards are separated from a main article of the tree trunk by means of a circular saw, the side boards being bent out of the plane of the teeth immediately after passing the teeth of the circular saw by means of a fixed deflecting element and subsequently in be cut to a predetermined length, and measures are also taken to remove a wall edge of the tree trunk in such a way that side boards are trimmed on both sides.
  • the invention further relates to a device for disassembling a tree trunk into wood products, with a circular saw that has a spatially fixed deflecting element parallel to a circular saw blade that extends into the engagement area of teeth of the circular saw blade and when the side boards are detached from a main item of the tree trunk, the side boards immediately after passing the teeth bends out of the plane of the teeth, the device further comprising first means for removing a forest edge of the tree trunk and second means for cutting off the side boards to a predetermined length.
  • an otherwise conventional circular saw is provided with a spatially fixed, disc-shaped deflecting element which is arranged parallel to the circular saw blade and extends in the edge region up to the engagement region of the teeth.
  • the deflector is slightly conical. If the circular saw z. B. separates a side board from a main item of a tree trunk, the separated side board runs on the conical, fixed deflector and is thus bent from the parting plane. This has the advantage that the separated side board comes out of engagement with the rotating circular saw blade immediately after passing the teeth of the circular saw blade, so that the generation of frictional heat is avoided.
  • the known method and the known device no special measures are concerned to remove the tree trunk or the side board from a forest edge, ie bark remains on the edge free the side board.
  • the known method and the known device are based on an already pretreated, namely a profiled tree trunk.
  • a profiled tree trunk is understood to mean one that has already been pretreated in previous processing steps in such a way that the entire bark has already been removed from the originally raw tree trunk and a profile has already been produced in cross-section in which only side boards have to be cut off or one The log has to be broken down into other wood products (boards, planks, squared timber and the like).
  • Methods and devices for profiling tree trunks are known, for example from DE-PS 32 44 393, DE-PS 29 28 949 and DE-PS 29 18 622.
  • the initially raw tree trunk is flattened on all sides, so that a cross-sectional shape of almost square shape is created, but in the area of the corners of the square there are still bark remains, the so-called forest edges.
  • these corners with forest edges are now milled out, so that a cross-sectional shape is created which has the shape of a square with milled square corners.
  • the corners can also be milled in several stages.
  • Subsequent separating cuts can now be used to separate the laterally protruding rectangular profiles as side boards. These side boards are then cut to length using standard cross-cut saws. This can either happen while the side boards have not yet been completely separated from the main goods, i.e. are still materially connected to them, but it is also possible for the side boards First cut off the main goods over the entire length of the tree trunk and then cut to length in separate work steps.
  • GB-PS 1 086 450 a method and an apparatus for processing tree trunks are known. Then the tree trunks are first flattened on both sides by means of the first band saws, by cutting off a part with a circular cross-section on both sides and a forest edge on the circular-arc-shaped surface. The tree trunk flattened in this way is then rotated by 90 ° and flattened again on both sides by means of a second band saw unit. The parts separated in this way are fed to further band saws and circular saws in order to produce boards free of forest edges. These boards without forest edges are then cut to a predetermined length in a sorting device by means of circular saws.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of developing a method and a device of the type mentioned at the outset such that the disadvantages mentioned above are avoided.
  • dimensionally accurate and form-accurate side boards are to be produced, the chips being produced being suitable for subsequent cellulose production.
  • this object is achieved according to the invention in that the side boards in the untrimmed state are fed to a trimming machine unit immediately after turning and only then are they physically separated from the main goods.
  • the object is achieved according to the invention in that the first means are designed as a trimming unit and are arranged in the conveying direction of the tree trunk directly downstream of the circular saw blade, but upstream of means for materially separating the side boards from the main goods.
  • the step of trimming the side boards is again postponed after the step of separating the side boards.
  • the side boards are trimmed in a state in which they are still materially connected to the tree trunk. This is the case immediately after passing the circular saw.
  • a certain circular saw is used which not only separates the side boards from the main goods, but also bends them out of the parting plane. Then you have the side boards immediately behind the circular saw at a distance from the main goods and you can trim the untrimmed side board there with the space you need for trimming tools.
  • extreme dimensional and shape retention is possible in this way because there is a rigid mechanical connection between the side board in the area of the circular saw and the leading section of the side board in the area of the trimming tool.
  • a rotating trimming chipper is used as the trimming machinist, the diameter of which is dimensioned such that the side boards be moved approximately diametrically past the trimmer.
  • This measure has the advantage that chip production with chips of equal thickness is particularly successful.
  • Fig. 1 shows a radial section of a tree trunk 10, which in the simplified representation consists of log 11 and an outer surrounding bark 12. Longitudinal planes on the tree trunk 10 are indicated by 13, along which chipper tools can be guided in order to flatten the tree trunk 10 on all sides.
  • Fig. 2 The result of the flattening is shown in Fig. 2. It can be seen that the tree trunk 10 now has an approximately square cross-sectional shape, which is determined on the sides by the planes 13. Only in the area of the corners are so-called forest edges 14 remaining as remains of the bark 12. Axially extending corners are indicated by 15 in FIG. 2, which can subsequently be attached by means of so-called corner cutters in order to remove the forest edges 14.
  • FIG. 3 The result of this corner milling is shown in FIG. 3, where the corners 15 with their boundary surfaces can be clearly seen in the left half. 3 in FIG. 3 indicates that a subsequent saw cut can be made, the thickness of the kerf being designated by d.
  • FIG. 4 shows the result of the saw cut 16.
  • the originally still one-piece, profiled tree trunk has now been divided into a so-called main article 18 and a side board 17.
  • a side board can also be separated there by corresponding steps on the right side of the tree trunk in FIG. 4, and the same applies to the top and bottom of the tree trunk, for which purpose the tree trunk is expediently rotated by 90 °, so that the same units can be used which previously carried out the processing steps illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 4.
  • Fig. 5 it is now illustrated that the profiling and cutting of tree trunks explained above can lead to certain errors. If, instead of being adjusted in their desired position, the corner milling cutters are adjusted with a certain offset, which is denoted by x in FIG. 5, then not a corner 15 according to FIG. 3 but rather a corner 15 ′ according to FIG. 5, the vertical surface of which is generated 5 is offset to the left by the amount x.
  • FIG. 6 shows the sequence when the saw cut 16 is subsequently made in the desired position of the saw blade. Because of the offset x of the corner 15 ', a side board 17' is now created, on the right side of which projections 19 remain. It is obvious that a side board 17 'produced in this way cannot be sold, but rather must be subjected to further post-processing, which leads to corresponding costs.
  • FIG. 7 shows, in a representation that corresponds to the machining step according to FIGS. 2 and 3, a corner milling cutter 25 that can be rotated about an axis 24.
  • the axis 24 is perpendicular to the conveying direction of the tree trunk 10, which is indicated in FIG. 8 by an arrow 26 .
  • the corner milling cutter 24 rotates in a direction which is indicated by an arrow 27 in FIGS. 7 and 8.
  • the corner milling cutter 25 essentially produces the corner 15 with its end face, as can be clearly seen from the illustration in FIG. 8.
  • the corner milling cutter 25 plunges essentially tangentially into the wood of the tree trunk 10. It supports itself against the tree trunk 10 itself. Because of these engagement conditions of the corner milling cutter 25 on the tree trunk 10, chips 28 arise in the engagement area, which are thickened at the left end in FIG. 8 and tapered at the right end in FIG. 8. This is because the corner milling cutter 25 engages exactly tangentially in the wood of the tree trunk 10 at the right end of the chip 28 in FIG. 8 and at a finite but small angle at the left end in FIG. 8.
  • the mean pressure angle is designated by ⁇ in FIG. 8. It is exaggeratedly large there and in practice is in the range of a few degrees.
  • chips 28 are formed in the form of so-called “comma chips” which are thick at one end and thin at the other end.
  • FIG. 9 shows a situation such as that which arises, for example, in a conventional circular saw, with which a board is sawn or slotted, for example.
  • a board 30 is sawn or slit by means of a circular saw 31, the circular saw 31 rotating about an axis 32, as indicated by an arrow 33.
  • Another arrow 34 shows the advance of the board 30 relative to the circular saw 31.
  • 35 denotes an abutment on which the board 30 rests in the vicinity of the engagement area of the circular saw 31.
  • the arrangement can be made such that the board 30 runs approximately diametrically past the circular saw blade, i.e. practically along a diameter, this measure being limited only in that a finite dimension for a drive shaft of the circular saw blade must be provided in the area of the axis 32.
  • the chips 36 formed in this way have a constant thickness over their entire length and are therefore referred to in technical terms as “uniform thickness chips”. These chips are economically more valuable than "comma chips" as explained above.
  • a circular saw 40 is provided with a circular saw blade 41 which is provided with teeth 42 on its circumference.
  • a drive shaft 43 ensures a rotation of the circular saw blade 41.
  • a spatially fixed, disc-shaped deflecting element 44 is provided, which is slightly conical, as can be seen particularly clearly in FIG. 11.
  • the spatially fixed deflecting element 44 is held by a holder 45, which is arranged, for example, concentrically with the drive shaft 43.
  • the axis of the circular saw 40 is designated 46.
  • An arrow 47 defines the direction of rotation of the circular saw blade 41.
  • a tree trunk 50 is guided past the circular saw 40 in order to separate side boards 51 from a main item 52.
  • the log 50 is only flattened when it reaches the circular saw 40, but is not profiled in the conventional sense, i.e. not provided with axial corners.
  • the tree trunk 50 is therefore still affected by forest edges 53.
  • the side board 51 is now separated from the main item 52 by means of the circular saw 40.
  • the side board 51 is bent out of the plane of the circular saw blade 41 due to the conicity of the fixed deflecting element 44, as can be seen particularly clearly in FIG. 11. Due to the taper of the deflecting element 44, the side board 51 is also displaced laterally slightly from the axis of the tree trunk 50, as can be seen in FIG. 10.
  • a trimming unit Downstream of the direction of conveyance of the tree trunk 50 indicated by an arrow 54, a trimming unit is arranged directly behind the circular saw 40.
  • the trimming unit consists of a first pair of rollers 60, a second pair of rollers 61 arranged at a distance downstream therefrom and a trimmer cutter 62 positioned between the roller pairs 60, 61.
  • the side board 51 is supported from below by an abutment 63, a so-called counter knife .
  • the axes of rotation of the pairs of rollers 60, 61 and the trimmer 62 are designated, while arrows 68, 69 and 70 define their direction of rotation.
  • the trimming machiner unit 60 to 63 is arranged somewhat above the main goods 52 which continue to pass, as shown in FIG. 11. This is possible because, as mentioned, the side board 51 has been bent out of the parting plane. The roller pairs 60, 61 now cause the side board 51 to bend back in a direction parallel to the conveying direction of the main item 52.
  • the side board 51 is trimmed in the trimming unit 60 to 63 and leaves it as a trimmed side board 51a, as can be seen from FIG. 10.
  • trimmer hogger unit 60 to 63 Since the trimmer hogger unit 60 to 63 is arranged at a distance above or next to the main goods 52 which continue to run, a trimmer hogger 62 with a relatively large diameter D can be used, which is indicated schematically in FIG. 11.
  • the edges of the trimming cutter 62 then run practically at a pressure angle of approximately 45 ° in the radial direction through the wood in the region of the forest edges 53, the abutment 63 also contributing to the fact that chips of uniform thickness are formed, as already explained further above in FIG. 9 has been.
  • the trimmed side board 51a is trimmed downstream of the trimmer unit 60 to 63 to commercially available lengths.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Forests & Forestry (AREA)
  • Debarking, Splitting, And Disintegration Of Timber (AREA)
EP94114656A 1993-11-04 1994-09-17 Procédé et dispositif de traitement de troncs d'arbres Expired - Lifetime EP0652088B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE4337682A DE4337682C1 (de) 1993-11-04 1993-11-04 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Zerlegen eines Baumstammes
DE4337682 1993-11-04

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0652088A1 true EP0652088A1 (fr) 1995-05-10
EP0652088B1 EP0652088B1 (fr) 1997-06-04

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ID=6501812

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EP94114656A Expired - Lifetime EP0652088B1 (fr) 1993-11-04 1994-09-17 Procédé et dispositif de traitement de troncs d'arbres

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EP (1) EP0652088B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE153897T1 (fr)
DE (1) DE4337682C1 (fr)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0775558A1 (fr) * 1995-11-24 1997-05-28 RAUTIO, Kauko Procédé pour le traitement de troncs d'arbres par enlèvement de copeaux
WO2002094520A1 (fr) * 2001-05-18 2002-11-28 Wintersteiger Gmbh Dispositif pour scier des lamelles de bois dans un tronçon de bois rabote
EP1645696A2 (fr) * 2004-10-07 2006-04-12 Stora Enso AB Planche de bois et procédé de production d'une telle planche

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19960319C1 (de) 1999-12-15 2001-07-26 Dietz Hans Vorrichtung zum Erzeugen eines Hackschnitzels sowie Vorrichtung zum Profilieren eines Baumstammes
ITBZ20110014A1 (it) * 2011-04-11 2012-10-12 Albert Rabensteiner Rifilatrice per legno, in particolare squadratrice doppia.
DE102021128977A1 (de) 2021-11-08 2023-05-11 Gebrüder Linck, Maschinenfabrik "Gatterlinck" GmbH & Co. KG Vorrichtung zum Separieren eines Schnittholzpaketes in Haupt- und Seitenware

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2469991A1 (fr) * 1979-11-23 1981-05-29 Wurster & Dietz Maschf Installation de sciage equipee d'outils de morcellement en copeaux
EP0294997A2 (fr) * 1987-06-12 1988-12-14 Erling Jim Andersen Procédé et dispositif de sciage des grumes
EP0484825A1 (fr) * 1990-11-05 1992-05-13 Wurster u. Dietz GmbH u. Co. Maschinenfabrik Dispositif pour fendre ou refendre un produit de sciage rigide, notamment du bois

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1086450A (en) * 1965-09-24 1967-10-11 Kahrs Maskiner Aktiebolag Improvements in or relating to a method of and apparatus for working wood
DE2918622C2 (de) * 1979-05-09 1981-11-19 Gebrüder Linck Maschinenfabrik und Eisengießerei Gatterlinck, 7602 Oberkirch Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur spanenden Zerlegung von Baumstämmen in allseitig bearbeitete Holzerzeugnisse
DE2928949C2 (de) * 1979-07-18 1981-10-01 Gebrüder Linck Maschinenfabrik und Eisengießerei Gatterlinck, 7602 Oberkirch Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur spanenden Zerlegung von Baumstämmen in allseitig bearbeitete Holzerzeugnisse
DE3244393C1 (de) * 1982-12-01 1984-03-01 Wurster u. Dietz GmbH u. Co Maschinenfabrik, 7400 Tübingen Verfahren zum Herstellen von allseitig bearbeiteten Holzerzeugnissen sowie Vorrichtung zur Durchfuehrung des Verfahrens
EP0286668B1 (fr) * 1986-10-17 1993-08-04 Wurster u. Dietz GmbH u. Co. Maschinenfabrik Procede et dispositif pour fendre ou refendre un produit de sciage rigide, notamment du bois

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2469991A1 (fr) * 1979-11-23 1981-05-29 Wurster & Dietz Maschf Installation de sciage equipee d'outils de morcellement en copeaux
EP0294997A2 (fr) * 1987-06-12 1988-12-14 Erling Jim Andersen Procédé et dispositif de sciage des grumes
EP0484825A1 (fr) * 1990-11-05 1992-05-13 Wurster u. Dietz GmbH u. Co. Maschinenfabrik Dispositif pour fendre ou refendre un produit de sciage rigide, notamment du bois

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0775558A1 (fr) * 1995-11-24 1997-05-28 RAUTIO, Kauko Procédé pour le traitement de troncs d'arbres par enlèvement de copeaux
US5762121A (en) * 1995-11-24 1998-06-09 Rautio; Kauko Procedure for working a tree trunk by machining
WO2002094520A1 (fr) * 2001-05-18 2002-11-28 Wintersteiger Gmbh Dispositif pour scier des lamelles de bois dans un tronçon de bois rabote
EP1645696A2 (fr) * 2004-10-07 2006-04-12 Stora Enso AB Planche de bois et procédé de production d'une telle planche
EP1645696A3 (fr) * 2004-10-07 2014-05-07 Stora Enso AB Planche de bois et procédé de production d'une telle planche

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
ATE153897T1 (de) 1997-06-15
DE4337682C1 (de) 1995-05-04
EP0652088B1 (fr) 1997-06-04

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