EP0651075B1 - Anode consommable de protection cathodique en alliage à base d'aluminium - Google Patents
Anode consommable de protection cathodique en alliage à base d'aluminium Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0651075B1 EP0651075B1 EP94402419A EP94402419A EP0651075B1 EP 0651075 B1 EP0651075 B1 EP 0651075B1 EP 94402419 A EP94402419 A EP 94402419A EP 94402419 A EP94402419 A EP 94402419A EP 0651075 B1 EP0651075 B1 EP 0651075B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- max
- aluminium
- sea water
- based alloy
- cathodic protection
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000004210 cathodic protection Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 49
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium Chemical compound [Ga] GYHNNYVSQQEPJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052733 gallium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium atom Chemical compound [In] APFVFJFRJDLVQX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L dimercury dichloride Chemical class Cl[Hg][Hg]Cl ZOMNIUBKTOKEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 19
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 20
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 20
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000446313 Lamella Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000284 resting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000746 Structural steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940075397 calomel Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
- C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
- C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
- C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
- C23F13/12—Electrodes characterised by the material
- C23F13/14—Material for sacrificial anodes
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the application of a reactive anode or consumable made of an aluminum-based alloy with cathodic protection in sea water of iron, steels and alloys sensitive to corrosion and embrittlement by hydrogen.
- Performance and characteristics electrochemicals of such an anode which are mainly the electrochemical potential at zero flow, the current supplied by unit of area at a given potential, the yield electrochemical, mass energy or amount of current delivered per unit mass of anode dissolved in Ampere-hours per kilogram, are determined by the alloy whose anode reactive is constituted.
- Patent FR 2 377 455 describes alloy compositions comprising percentages by weight of aluminum or zinc of 8 to 40%, the rest being zinc or aluminum.
- aluminum-based alloys with a addition of zinc they have iron impurities, silicon, copper and must have a purity at least equal to 99, 80%.
- Electrode potential stabilizers, such as mercury, indium, manganese, titanium can be added.
- Patent FR 2 449 730 discloses a composition protective aluminum-based alloy containing gallium in the proportions of 0.005 to 3.5% by weight and magnesium in the proportions of 0.1 to 1% by weight, and having good electrochemical properties.
- Patent FR 2 616 806 describes an alloy composition based on aluminum containing percentages by weight in indium from 0.005 to 0.05, zinc from 0.05 to 8, gallium from 0.003 to 0.05, manganese 0.01 to 0.3, iron 0.03 to 0.3 and in magnesium from 0.02 to 2 and in silicon from 0.03 to 0.4.
- Patent BE-A-667,337 describes compositions high purity aluminum-based alloy comprising 0.1% by weight of gallium, usable as consumable anodes, but operating at relatively oxidation potentials high in the range of +0.9 V.
- Patent DE-A-2150102 mentions a composition of aluminum-based alloy comprising 0.2% by weight of gallium for a galvanic anode operating at a potential of -0.81 V, but other elements are necessary in relatively high proportions, especially zinc in the proportion of 5% by weight.
- the object of the invention is therefore to use an anode reactive or consumable for cathodic protection, made from an aluminum-based alloy composition comprising a minor proportion of zinc and capable of operate in a limited potential range of - 870 mV to - 700 mV by reference to the potential of a calomel electrode saturated, which corresponds to the area in which embrittlement by hydrogen from steels and high limit alloys elasticity is low.
- the subject of the invention is therefore the application of a reactive anode made of an aluminum-based alloy, for cathodic protection in seawater of steels and alloys with high elastic limit against corrosion in seawater. and hydrogen embrittlement, operating in a range of electrochemical potential in seawater from - 870 mV to - 700 mV by reference to the potential of a saturated calomel electrode, the aluminum-based alloy comprising the composition following indicated in percentage by weight: Gallium or Cadmium 0.03 to 0.20% Manganese 0.15% max Iron 0.15% max Silicon 0.15% max Zinc 0.15% max Indium 0.007% max Mercury 0.007% max Magnesium 0.10% max Titanium 0.02% max Various 0.01% max Aluminum the rest.
- the mode of use according to the invention makes it possible to properly protect from widespread corrosion and corrosion by galvanic coupling of steels moderately allies, notably with the nickel element, in the field of cathodic potential included in the range of - 870 mV at - 700 mV / DHW, different from the usual range of - 850 mV at - 1100 mV / DHW. In this area of protection, the kinetics of Hydrogen evolution is significantly reduced.
- the percentage by weight of gallium is preferably equal to 0.1%.
- the composition of aluminum-based alloy includes cadmium in a range of values from 0.03 to 0.20% by weight in replacement of gallium.
- the percentage by weight of cadmium is preferably equal to 0.1%.
- the composition of aluminum-based alloy includes cadmium in a range values from 0.03 to 0.20% by weight in addition to the alloy composition already comprising gallium in the range from 0.03 to 0.20% by weight.
- the protection anode cathodic may include at least one wedge lamella in steel for regulating the anode potential at low flow.
- the anode of cathodic protection is characterized in that the ratio of area between the aluminum alloy part and the or the lamellae is less than 5, preferably equal to 1.5.
- the aluminum-based alloy is cast on a mounting bracket and electrical conduction in steel.
- Figure 1 is a sectional view of a reactive anode according to the invention.
- the reactive cathodic protection anode comprises a cylindrical part 2 of aluminum-based alloy having the electrochemical properties targeted for protection, casting on a core 3 or fixing and conduction support electric and one or more steel wedging strips 1.
- the lamellae serve as anode potential regulators at low flow, because aluminum alloys have a unstable potential at low flow.
- the aluminum alloy according to the invention has a content of gallium which can vary from 0.03 to 0.20% by weight and so preferred equal to 0.1%.
- the contents of manganese, iron, zinc, silicon are at most 0.15% by weight, those of indium and mercury at most 0.007% by weight, that of magnesium at maximum of 0.10% by weight, that of titanium maximum of 0.02% in weight.
- the basic aluminum has a purity at least equal to 99.80% by weight.
- This alloy is due to gallium, according to an anodic dissolution mechanism for gallium in solution solid then precipitation of finely divided metal at the aluminum surface.Gallium, while promoting uniform activation of the anode surface, helps maintain constant anode potential.
- titanium in the form of Ti ⁇ makes it possible to control the particle size in the desired range.
- Another alloy composition according to the invention includes a content of 0.03% to 0.20% by weight of cadmium and preferably equal to 0.10%, replacing gallium or addition to the composition already comprising gallium.
- the area ratio between alloy part 2 aluminum and the lamella (s) 1 is less than 5, preferably equal to 1.5 for optimal protection.
- An alloy cast in an anode according to the invention was tested, comprising the following weight percentages: Gallium 0.102% Iron 0.046% Silicon 0.035% Zinc 0.065% Titanium 0.02% max Manganese ⁇ 0.15% Other ⁇ 0.01% Aluminum the rest.
- the resting potential in seawater is - 850 mV +/- 50 mV / DHW.
- the anode potential measured with a current density of 30 mA / dm 2 is - 800 mV / DHW.
- the mass energy is 1937 Ah / kg.
- Tests were carried out in accordance with a NACE (National Association Corrosion Engineer) specification involving 15 days of exposure to seawater of samples of diameter 38 mm, height 16.8 mm, active surface 0.4095 dm 2 with a flow rate of 25.4 mA.
- the average potential is - 804 mV / DHW and the electrochemical efficiency of 80%.
- the corrosion rate is of the order of 1 to 10 micrometers / year at - 700 mV / DHW for high limit steel elasticity type Ni 5%; it is of the same order of magnitude at a potential of - 760 mV / DHW for typical structural steel E28.
- corrosion becomes significant at a potential greater than - 600 mV / DHW.
- the kinetics of hydrogen release is further reduced by a factor of 10 between - 800 mV and - 1020 mV and by a factor of 20 to - 1060 mV.
- the resting potential in seawater is - 850 mV +/- 50 mV / DHW.
- the anode potential measured at 2 mA / cm 2 is - 730 mV / DHW.
- the mass energy is 2384 Ah / kg and the yield 80% electrochemical.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
Description
Gallium ou Cadmium | 0,03 à 0,20% |
Manganèse | 0,15% max |
Fer | 0,15% max |
Silicium | 0,15% max |
Zinc | 0,15% max |
Indium | 0,007% max |
Mercure | 0,007% max |
Magnésium | 0,10% max |
Titane | 0,02% max |
Divers | 0,01% max |
Aluminium | le reste. |
Gallium | 0,102% |
Fer | 0,046% |
Silicium | 0,035% |
Zinc | 0,065% |
Titane | 0,02% max |
Manganèse | < 0,15% |
Autres | < 0,01% |
Aluminium | le reste. |
Cadmium | 0,089% |
Fer | 0,021% |
Silicium | 0,025% |
Zinc | 0,007% |
Manganèse | < 0,15% |
Titane | <0,02% |
Autres | <0,01% |
Aluminium | le reste. |
Claims (8)
- Application d'une anode réactive constituée en un alliage à base d'aluminium (2), à la protection cathodique en eau de mer des aciers et alliages à haute limite d'élasticité contre la corrosion en eau de mer et la fragilisation à l'hydrogène, fonctionnant dans un domaine de potentiel électrochimique en eau de mer de - 870 mV à - 700 mV par référence au potentiel d'une électrode au calomel saturé, l'alliage à base d'aluminium comprenant la composition suivante indiquée en pourcentage en poids :
Gallium ou Cadmium 0,03 à 0,20% Manganèse 0,15% max Fer 0,15% max Silicium 0,15% max Zinc 0,15% max Indium 0,007% max Mercure 0,007% max Magnésium 0,10% max Titane 0,02% max Divers 0,01% max Aluminium le reste. - Application d'une anode réactive constituée en un alliage à base d'aluminium (2), à la protection cathodique en eau de mer des aciers et alliages à haute limite d'élasticité contre la corrosion en eau de mer et la fragilisation à l'hydrogène, fonctionnant dans un domaine de potentiel électrochimique en eau de mer de - 870 mV à - 700 mV par référence au potentiel d'une électrode au calomel saturé, l'alliage à base d'aluminium comprenant la composition suivante indiquée en pourcentage en poids :
Gallium 0,03 à 0,20% Cadmium 0,03 à 0,20% Manganèse 0,15% max Fer 0,15% max Silicium 0,15% max Zinc 0,15% max Indium 0,007% max Mercure 0,007% max Magnésium 0,10% max Titane 0,02% max Divers 0,01% max Aluminium le reste. - Application d'une anode réactive constituée en un alliage à base d'aluminium (2), à la protection cathodique en eau de mer des aciers et alliages à haute limite d'élasticité contre la corrosion en eau de mer et la fragilisation à l'hydrogène, selon la revendication 1, l'alliage à base d'aluminium comprenant la composition suivante indiquée en pourcentage en poids :
Gallium 0,10% Manganèse 0,15% max Fer 0,15% max Silicium 0,15% max Zinc 0,15% max Indium 0,007% max Mercure 0,007% max Magnésium 0,10% max Titane 0,02% max Divers 0,01% max Aluminium le reste. - Application d'une anode réactive constituée en un alliage à base d'aluminium (2), à la protection cathodique en eau de mer des aciers et alliages à haute limite d'élasticité contre la corrosion en eau de mer et la fragilisation à l'hydrogène, selon la revendication 1, l'alliage à base d'aluminium comprenant la composition suivante indiquée en pourcentage en poids :
Cadmium 0,10% Manganèse 0,15% max Fer 0,15% max Silicium 0,15% max Zinc 0,15% max Indium 0,007% max Mercure 0,007% max Magnésium 0,10% max Titane 0,02% max Divers 0,01% max Aluminium le reste. - Application d'une anode réactive constituée en un alliage à base d'aluminium (2), à la protection cathodique en eau de mer des aciers et alliages à haute limite d'élasticité contre la corrosion en eau de mer et la fragilisation à l'hydrogène, selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 4, l'anode comportant au moins une lamelle de calage (1) en acier pour la régulation du potentiel d'anode à faible débit.
- Application d'une anode réactive constituée en un alliage à base d'aluminium (2), à la protection cathodique en eau de mer des aciers et alliages à haute limite d'élasticité contre la corrosion en eau de mer et la fragilisation à l'hydrogène, selon la revendication 5, caractérisée en ce que le rapport de superficie entre la partie (2) en alliage à base d'aluminium et la ou les lamelles (1) est inférieur à 5.
- Application d'une anode réactive constituée en un alliage à base d'aluminium (2), à la protection cathodique en eau de mer des aciers et alliages à haute limite d'élasticité contre la corrosion en eau de mer et la fragilisation à l'hydrogène,selon la revendication 6, caractérisée en ce que le rapport de superficie entre la partie (2) en alliage à base d'aluminium et la ou les lamelles (1) est égal à 1,5.
- Application d'une anode réactive constituée en un alliage à base d'aluminium (2), à la protection cathodique en eau de mer des aciers et alliages à haute limite d'élasticité contre la corrosion en eau de mer et la fragilisation à l'hydrogène, selon l'une des revendications 1 à 7, caractérisée en ce que l'alliage à base d'aluminium est coulé sur un support (3) de fixation et conduction électrique en acier.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR9312916A FR2713244B1 (fr) | 1993-10-29 | 1993-10-29 | Anode consommable de protection cathodique en alliage à base d'aluminium. |
FR9312916 | 1993-10-29 |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0651075A1 EP0651075A1 (fr) | 1995-05-03 |
EP0651075B1 true EP0651075B1 (fr) | 1999-06-02 |
Family
ID=9452341
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP94402419A Expired - Lifetime EP0651075B1 (fr) | 1993-10-29 | 1994-10-27 | Anode consommable de protection cathodique en alliage à base d'aluminium |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US5547560A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0651075B1 (fr) |
DE (1) | DE69418817T2 (fr) |
ES (1) | ES2131652T3 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2713244B1 (fr) |
NO (1) | NO307661B1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE10213289A1 (de) * | 2001-03-30 | 2002-11-14 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd | Elastomer-und-Stahlkord-Verbundwerkstoff und Prozess zur Herstellung desselben |
US9243150B2 (en) * | 2005-04-21 | 2016-01-26 | The United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Oxide coated metal pigments and film-forming compositions |
US9243333B2 (en) * | 2012-09-27 | 2016-01-26 | The United States Of America, As Represented By The Secretary Of The Navy | Coated aluminum alloy pigments and corrosion-resistant coatings |
CN104018164A (zh) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-09-03 | 天津恒仁石油设备有限公司 | 一种锌铝镉合金牺牲阳极 |
CN106124282B (zh) | 2016-07-26 | 2019-07-16 | 广州海力特生物科技有限公司 | 一种叠层离心过滤分离提取外泌体的方法 |
Family Cites Families (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2930568A (en) * | 1954-01-11 | 1960-03-29 | Clarence M Rader | Hanger for electrolytic liquid treating device |
NL123690C (fr) * | 1963-02-04 | |||
FR1399752A (fr) * | 1964-04-04 | 1965-05-21 | Soc Gen Magnesium | Nouvel alliage à base d'aluminium et de mercure et son application à la réalisation d'anodes |
US3240688A (en) * | 1964-04-21 | 1966-03-15 | Olin Mathieson | Aluminum alloy electrode |
US3379636A (en) * | 1964-07-23 | 1968-04-23 | Dow Chemical Co | Indium-gallium-aluminum alloys and galvanic anodes made therefrom |
ES315697A1 (es) * | 1964-07-23 | 1966-03-16 | Dow Chemical Co | Un procedimiento para producir anodos consumibles |
US3337333A (en) * | 1964-07-23 | 1967-08-22 | Dow Chemical Co | Aluminum alloys and galvanic anodes made therefrom |
JPS4838285B1 (fr) * | 1970-10-07 | 1973-11-16 | ||
US3721618A (en) * | 1971-03-11 | 1973-03-20 | Dow Chemical Co | Aluminum sacrifical anode |
US3870615A (en) * | 1971-12-30 | 1975-03-11 | Standard Brass & Mfg | Sacrificial anode |
YU40575A (en) * | 1975-02-20 | 1982-02-25 | Inst Tehnickih Nauka Sanu | Alloy of aluminium with indium or gallium or thallium |
FR2377455A1 (en) * | 1978-05-25 | 1978-08-11 | Petrocokino Denis | Sacrificial aluminium-zinc alloy anodes - for cathodic protection of metal structures in corrosive electrolytes |
US4240829A (en) * | 1979-01-25 | 1980-12-23 | Dunaev Jury D | Aluminum-base alloy used as material for galvanic protector |
FR2449730A1 (fr) * | 1979-02-23 | 1980-09-19 | Inst Orch Kataliza | Alliage a base d'aluminium, destine a la fabrication de protecteurs contre la corrosion d'articles en fer et en acier |
JPS5858430B2 (ja) * | 1980-02-26 | 1983-12-24 | 住友金属工業株式会社 | 海洋環境下における鋼構造物の防食方法 |
NZ224999A (en) * | 1987-06-16 | 1990-10-26 | Comalco Alu | Aluminium alloy suitable for sacrificial anodes |
US5006214A (en) * | 1990-02-05 | 1991-04-09 | Burchnell Donald H | Cathodic protection apparatus |
-
1993
- 1993-10-29 FR FR9312916A patent/FR2713244B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1994
- 1994-10-27 EP EP94402419A patent/EP0651075B1/fr not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-27 ES ES94402419T patent/ES2131652T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-27 DE DE69418817T patent/DE69418817T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-28 US US08/331,119 patent/US5547560A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-10-28 NO NO944110A patent/NO307661B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
NO307661B1 (no) | 2000-05-08 |
US5547560A (en) | 1996-08-20 |
NO944110D0 (no) | 1994-10-28 |
FR2713244B1 (fr) | 1996-01-12 |
DE69418817T2 (de) | 1999-11-11 |
NO944110L (no) | 1995-05-02 |
EP0651075A1 (fr) | 1995-05-03 |
FR2713244A1 (fr) | 1995-06-09 |
ES2131652T3 (es) | 1999-08-01 |
DE69418817D1 (de) | 1999-07-08 |
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