EP0649782B1 - Railway vehicle and railway train for such a vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The railway vehicle has at least one bogie (1) with two wheel set units (12, 12') which are connected to one another in an articulated fashion via a coupling arrangement. This bogie 1 is constructed as a frameless bearing arrangement and the vehicle body (17) is mounted on spring elements (10) and has at leats one guide device or at least one pendulum (11) between the bogie (1) and the vehicle body (17). By omitting the complex rotary bogie frame, the structure is greatly simplified and thus lightweight and compact. The radially adjustable wheel set units (12, 12') can be additionally arranged at a small distance from one another. The frameless bogie (1) is therefore in particular highly suitable for railway vehicles on rail networks which have tight bends. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a rail vehicle according to the Preamble of claim 1.

Both locomotives and cars of the type mentioned exist essentially from a vehicle body that is on one or is built and supported by several bogies becomes. The wheelsets or Wheelset units installed. The wheelsets are with some these bogies are arranged to be movable relative to one another To improve cornering properties.

Regardless of whether it is pure wheelsets or with Motors driven drive wheel sets are the Wheelset units previously arranged in a frame construction, on which the vehicle body is resiliently supported. Such chassis with so-called Tatzlagereinheit, which in a frame are rotatably supported against each other, and their Function are e.g. described in detail in EP-A1-0.420.801.

Such bogies or chassis with the traditional, previous frame construction are, especially what the Manufacturing concerns, relatively complex and heavy. The Construction becomes particularly complex for rail vehicles for track systems and rail networks with relatively narrow Curve radii, since the relatively short spring levels between the Wheelset units and the frame construction Radial adjustment of the wheel set units large relative movements have to record in the horizontal plane.

The object of the invention is a chassis for To create rail vehicles and thus a rail vehicle, which with less effort and in a lighter design than previous versions can be produced and at which the wheelsets of a chassis even in tight Curve radii of the track an automatic radial setting enable these wheel sets.

According to the invention, this object is achieved with a rail vehicle solved that the characteristics in the mark of the independent Claim one has. A chassis for such a Rail vehicle has the features of the independent claim 15 on. The dependent claims refer to particularly advantageous developments of the invention.

The new chassis is no longer a traditional bogie, where the wheelsets in one Frames are stored. This simplified construction brings Weight saving and above all a big one Cost savings, and also enables a automatic radial adjustment of the wheelsets in a relative large angular range. This in turn means that too with tight curve radii of less than 300 meters, the Angle of attack of the wheels remains small, which the rail and Keeps wheel wear low because cross and longitudinal slip is strong is lowered. At the same time, they can be narrower when driving through Curves with conventional bogies typical Squeaking noises can be avoided. It is particularly advantageous the proposed construction for example Articulated railcars, in which the engine is separate Unit is arranged between two car parts.

Trolleys according to the invention and with a connecting joint between the two wheelset units also stand under Traction or braking force practically unaffected by the Curve radius on. To transfer these traction forces (Longitudinal forces) can the vehicle body with one of the Wheelset units can be coupled via a push-pull rod that is arranged so that the extension of its axis is below of the connecting joint between the two wheel set units Level of the top edges of the rails meets. Accordingly achieved that under the action of traction forces none Differences in axle load between the two wheelset units occur.

The new chassis according to the invention also allows one very compact design with minimal center distance and at the same time good accessibility for maintenance work, because the actual frame structure of previous bogies is missing.

The bogie frame, which has a complex structure and on which the box is supported does not apply to a chassis according to the invention. In the support arrangement according to the invention are instead between the Box and the wheelsets essentially just that Spring stages that run long stroke and preferably on the Axle bearings can be arranged, and a guide device or a pendulum arrangement and means for Thrust transmission available. The pendulum between the chassis and vehicle body are spherically mounted, for example Space pendulum.

The construction according to the invention gives the chassis so far more common compared to a bogie with a rigid frame Construction, a large torsional flexibility of the axes, which practically balanced wheel loads, e.g. when driving on Track twists are achievable. Thus the Safety against derailment in poor track conditions.

In a construction with e.g. two pendulums Rolling stiffness between the chassis and the vehicle body through the choice of the distance in the vehicle transverse direction as well due to the rigidity of the pendulum and its attachment eyes determine. With a pendulum arrangement with inclined Commuting can also influence the position of the roll pole and e.g. be chosen so that it is approximately at body height of Passengers lies. This allows the comfort conditions for the Passenger to be improved.

For resetting the opposite direction around the vehicle's vertical axis twisted wheel set units can be one-sided or both-sided Connecting rods, e.g. between the axle bearing housings Wheelsets may be provided, the resetting being passive with Tension-compression springs, but also actively with the help of pneumatic or Hydraulic cylinders, servomotors, etc. can be done. in the the latter case can also be the rotation of the wheel set units controlled, regulated or blocked according to specified values become.

However, compression springs, tension springs or tension compression springs can also be used between the wheelset units or, in the case of drive axles Tatz storage units, arranged between the drive units be. To improve the key to running stability Properties, e.g. to dampen vibrations in the upper Speed range, the twisting movement can also by e.g. Damper arranged parallel to the return springs be dampened. The formation of the Return springs as rubber springs that are in themselves Have damping properties. The reset could also can be achieved by connecting the link between the Wheelset units is torsionally rigid and at Deflect the restoring forces generated. Other Design options can also be found there, for example consist of the springs between the vehicle body and chassis are transverse rigid in the longitudinal or driving direction.

For the transverse guidance of the box, for example, so-called. FLEXICOIL springs of known design are used. Other Options for lateral guidance are, for example, on the side suspended limits over one or both axles. It is also possible a cross stiffening inside the springs to arrange or cross buffer between the connecting rods of the Install wheel sets and side bolsters of the vehicle body. It but there is also the possibility of using the pendulum or the pendulum generate a restoring force if e.g. the Pendulum is short and / or on one or both sides with Rubber joints is attached, which when deflecting the Generate restoring moments. By appropriate coordination of the Cross suspension of the box and the restoring forces of the Pendulum arrangement in the vehicle transverse direction can also be achieved be that the centrifugal force occurring when cornering the supports radial setting of the wheel sets.

Instead of a pendulum arrangement, another can be used Guide device, e.g. in the form of a spherical Articulated connection between one of the wheel set units and the Vehicle body or in the form of an elastic connection, for example by means of an intermediate piece made of a rubber-like material, be provided so that the longitudinal forces are transmitted can.

According to a further embodiment, part of the Wheelset units or the one arranged between them Link joint on one arranged on the box The guideway must be movably supported transversely to the direction of travel. According to another embodiment, the wheel set units via a box independent, at a distance from Connecting joint, e.g. arranged above it self-supporting support arrangement to be supported against each other, so that are provided for the transmission of the longitudinal forces Connecting parts can be freely deflected in the transverse direction. A corresponding support arrangement is e.g. from the beginning EP-A 0 420 801, Fig. 8, known.

To the unscrewing movement between the chassis and the vehicle body Favor cornering, causing the cornering of the landing gear improved, e.g. Tilting rubber rails or others Spring bearings are used which cause the springs to tilt favor in only one direction. Tilting rubber rails, the transverse to the direction of travel or against that Center of rotation of the undercarriage are e.g. from the EP-A 0 271 690 is known.

The invention based on the figures, which show schematic examples of the invention and details, explained in more detail.

Fig. 1

ein Fahrwerk mit zwei als Tatzlagereinheiten ausgebildeten Radsätzen für ein Schienenfahrzeug;

Fig. 2

die Skelett-Darstellung eines Fahrwerks mit einem Pendel;

Fig. 3

die Skelett-Darstellung eines Fahrwerks mit zwei parallel angeordneten Pendeln;

Fig. 4

die Skelett-Darstellung eines Fahrwerks mit zwei schräggestellten Pendeln mit einem Wankpol im Fahrzeugkasten;

Fig. 5

die Skelett-Darstellung eines Fahrwerks mit schräggestellten Pendeln mit einem Wankpol im Fahrzeugkasten und bei dem eine Zug-Druckstange im Bereich der Kupplung zwischen den Radsätzen angreift;

Fig. 6

die Seitenansicht eines Gelenk-Triebwagens mit einer zentralen Antriebseinheit;

Fig. 7

die Seitenansicht eines Fahrwerks in einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform;

Fig. 8

die Seitenansicht mit einem Teilschnitt eines Fahrwerks in einer weiteren Ausführungsform;

Fig. 9

die Seitenansicht eines weiteren Fahrwerks in einer abgewandelten Ausführungsform.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a chassis with two wheel sets designed as Tatzlagereinheit for a rail vehicle;

Fig. 2

the skeleton representation of a chassis with a pendulum;

Fig. 3

the skeleton representation of a chassis with two parallel pendulums;

Fig. 4

the skeleton representation of a chassis with two inclined pendulums with a roll pole in the vehicle body;

Fig. 5

the skeleton representation of a chassis with inclined pendulums with a roll pole in the vehicle body and in which a push-push rod engages in the area of the coupling between the wheel sets;

Fig. 6

the side view of an articulated railcar with a central drive unit;

Fig. 7

the side view of a chassis in a modified embodiment;

Fig. 8

the side view with a partial section of a chassis in a further embodiment;

Fig. 9

the side view of another chassis in a modified embodiment.

Fig. 1 essentially shows a as a frameless support arrangement trained chassis 1 of a rail vehicle according to the Invention in which the vehicle body that is on the springs 10 is supported, is only hinted at. The feathers 10 are on the chassis side on the axle bearings 121 and 121 'of Wheelset units 12 and 12 'supported, which as Drive wheel sets are designed. These each contain one Drive motor 18, the Tatzlager 19 on the axis 20 of the supported wheel set and with this via gears 24 and 25 is geared. The two Wheelset units 12 and 12 'are on the drawbars 13, 13' and the coupling 14 hinged together and via a Guide device 5 in the form of a pendulum arrangement, the according to the illustration, on the wheel set unit 12 'and Contains articulated pendulum 11 with which Vehicle body coupled.

The two are between the two wheel set units 12 and 12 ' Reset spring elements 15 and 15 'arranged. The push-pull rod 16 is between the wheelset unit 12 and only with Parallelograms 17 indicated vehicle body attached and essentially serves to transfer the traction forces between the vehicle body and the chassis 1. The pendulum 11 serves on the one hand to suspend the wheel set units 12, 12 ', on the other hand also the torque support below Traction forces.

2 to 5 are the two wheelset units 2 and 3 of the inventive frameless chassis 1 and spring elements 4 shown on the axle bearings 44 are supported and the vehicle body support, which is only symbolically indicated by the cuboid 40. The cuboids 40 are transverse to in a known manner Rail-like rubber supports arranged in the direction of travel or a corresponding rubber-like material. Between the wheelset units 2 and 3 of each chassis are on the axle bearings 44 articulated return elements 45 are arranged. The pull-push rod 46 is between the one Wheelset unit 2 and the attachment point 40 'on Vehicle body attached.

The chassis of Figures 2 to 4 differ in the Arrangement of the pendulum between the chassis and the Vehicle body are attached. 2 is the only one Pendulum 472 on the chassis side in the area of the coupling 23 of the two Wheelset units 2, 3, articulated on the drawbars and for Attachment point 40 ''.

3 there are two pendulums 473, 473 ', which are advantageously carried out with elastic joints can. Each of these pendulums is with one of the wheel set units 2, 3 of the chassis connected and led to the vehicle body. The pendulums are arranged in parallel.

In contrast, the two pendulums 473, 473 'of the trolleys from 4 and 5 arranged obliquely to each other. Your projections on a plane perpendicular to the intended direction of travel intersect at a height in the vehicle body (not shown) in the so-called Wankpol, an ideal fulcrum, whereby for a vehicle with, for example, two undercarriages the vehicle forms a roll axis by the two Wankpole of the two running gear runs.

5 is between the Coupling area of the two wheel sets 2, 3 and the Vehicle body attached.

In the three-part articulated rail car 6 of FIG Drive unit 61 as a compact vehicle part with a Chassis trained. The middle drive unit 61 can for example with the other two vehicle units 62 and 63 via pivot, hanging pendulum and / or one each Lemniscate guidance of known design be articulated.

7 is over with the vehicle body 17 a guide device 70 coupled to one of the Vehicle body 17 protruding guide part in the form of a Contains console 71. The console 71 is part of one Pendulum arrangement on the vehicle body 17 hinge-like to one in Axis 72 extending in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, articulated and on the wheelset unit 12, as shown on Drive motor 18, movable via a ball joint 74 articulated. In this embodiment, the reset elements are 45 hinged to the axle bearings 121, 121 'via spring elements 73, which, according to the illustration, each consist of a rubber-like material can exist and by what undesirable vibrations the Wheelset units 12, 12 'damped and thus the running stability of the chassis 1 can be improved. The console 71 serves on the one hand for guiding the wheel set units 12, 12 'in Vehicle transverse direction, on the other hand as a means of transmission the traction forces between the chassis 1 and the Vehicle body 17. Via the vehicle body 17 Hinge-like bracket 71 can be attached to the Turning almost radially Wheel set units 12 and 12 'corresponding restoring forces be transferred to the respective opposite Counteract deflections of the wheel sets.

Deviating from the version shown, the Guide device 70 also one of the console 71st corresponding, attachable to the vehicle body 17 or trained, fixed driver part included, which via the articulated connection described and / or a appropriate elastic connection with one of the Wheelset units 12, 12 'is coupled to be movable. Of the Driver part can e.g. in the form of a vertical pivot be executed or contain such. A corresponding driver part can also on one of the Wheelset units 12, 12 'attached and with the vehicle body 17 can be coupled to be movable.

8, the wheel set units 12, 12 ' connected to each other via a ball joint 83 and with a Support part, as shown the drawbar 13, between two Guide parts 81, 82 attached to the vehicle body 17 Guide device 80 movable in the vehicle transverse direction held. The drawbar 13 can, as shown, via Intermediate pieces 84 slidably guided on the guide parts 81, 82 be. A movable connection between the drawbar 13 and the guide parts 81, 82 can also by appropriate elastic intermediate pieces 84 made of a rubber-like material can be achieved, with a instead of the ball joint 83 correspondingly simpler joint arrangement can be used. The axle bearings 121, 121 'are by restoring elements 85 coupled, each one hydraulic or pneumatic Damping and / or adjusting device 86 included. About the Adjustment device 86 can adjust the wheel set units 12, 12 'can be influenced. Actuator 86 can be on a control device, not shown be connected so that the adjustment of the Wheelset units 12, 12 'also according to predetermined values can be controlled, regulated or blocked. As Spring elements 10 can be air springs or, as shown, Coil springs may be provided.

9 contains a guide device 90 in Form of a self-supporting independent of the vehicle body 17 Support arrangement, which two in the vehicle longitudinal direction contains opposing support parts 91, 91 '. The Support portions 91, 91 'are on two of each one of the Drive motors 18 protruding projections, which above the coupling arrangement 14 via a support element 92 a rubber-elastic material are supported against each other. Corresponding are those for the transmission of the traction forces certain drawbars 13, 13 ', unloaded by vertical forces, kept freely deflectable in the vehicle transverse direction.

The rail vehicle has at least one undercarriage 1 with two Wheelset units 12, 12 'on a clutch assembly are hinged together. This chassis 1 is as frameless support arrangement and the vehicle body 17th is mounted on spring elements 10 and has at least one Guide device or at least one pendulum 11 between Chassis and vehicle body 17 on. By eliminating the the construction becomes a complex rotating chassis frame greatly simplified and therefore light and compact. The radial adjustable wheel set units 12, 12 'can also with a small distance from each other. The frameless Chassis 1 is therefore particularly suitable for Rail vehicles on rail networks, the tight curve radii exhibit.

For constructive details and previous training State-of-the-art bogies are explicitly mentioned refer to patent application EP-A1-0 420 801. In particular are in it details of wheel set units, spring elements, Bearing arrangements shown and described.

Claims (15)

1. Rail vehicle having a vehicle body (17, 40) and at least one running gear (1) with two wheel-set units (2, 3; 12, 12'), which are connected to each other in articulated manner via a coupling arrangement (14, 23, 83), characterized in that at least one running gear (1) is designed as a frameless support arrangement for the vehicle body (17, 40) and in that spring members (4, 10) and at least one guide device (5, 70, 80, 90) are arranged between the vehicle body (17, 40) and running gear (1).
2. Rail vehicle according to Claim 1, wherein the guide device (5) contains at least one pendulum (11; 472; 473, 473').
3. Rail device according to Claim 1 or 2, having two pendulums (473, 473') which are arranged between the running gear (1) and the vehicle body (40).
4. Rail vehicle according to Claim 3, wherein, in each case, one of the pendulums (473 and 473') is arranged between one of the wheel-set units (2 and 3 respectively) of the running gear (1) and the vehicle body (40).
5. Rail vehicle according to one of Claims 1 to 4, in which at least two pendulums (473, 473') are arranged inclined relative to one another and their extensions - or their projections onto a plane transverse to the straight direction of travel - intersect in the vehicle body space, preferably at passenger height.
6. Rail vehicle according to Claim 1 or 2, in which the guide device (70) contains a guide part in the form of a bracket (71) projecting from the vehicle body (17) and coupled to the running gear (1) to be movable in three dimensions.
7. Rail vehicle according to Claim 6, wherein the bracket (71) is articulated on the body (17) in a hinged manner to be pivotable about an axis (72) extending substantially in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
8. Rail vehicle according to Claim 1, wherein the guide device (80) possesses a guide part (81, 82), attached to the vehicle body (17), for a support part (draw-bar 13) of the running gear (1) which can be movably brought together with the guide part transversely to the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
9. Rail vehicle according to Claim 1, in which the guide device (90) contains a support arrangement which is vertically displaced relative to the coupling arrangement (14) and movable in the transverse direction of the vehicle, and possesses two support parts (91, 91') which can each be supported relative to one another by one of the wheel-set units (12, 12') in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle.
10. Rail vehicle according to one of Claims 1 to 9, wherein at least one passive or active adjusting and/or restoring member (15, 15'; 45; 85) is arranged between the wheel-set units (2, 3; 12, 12').
11. Rail vehicle according to one of Claims 1 to 10, wherein at least one of the wheel-set units (2, 3; 12, 12') is formed in the running gear (1) as a drive unit.
12. Rail vehicle according to one of Claims 1 to 11, wherein a push-pull device (push-pull rod 16, 46; bracket 71) for the transmission of tractive forces is arranged between at least one running gear (1) and the vehicle body (17, 40).
13. Rail vehicle according to one of Claims 1 to 12, wherein the spring members (4, 10) are helical or pneumatic springs.
14. Rail vehicle, designed as a multi-part articulated motive power unit (6), in which at least one part (61) lying between two parts (62, 63) of the motive power unit 6 is designed according to one of Claims 1 to 13.
15. Running gear (1) having two wheel-set units (2, 3; 12, 12') which are connected to each other in an articulated manner and contain axle bearings (44, 121, 121') on which supporting spring members (4, 10) for supporting the vehicle body (17, 40) are arranged, and having at least one guide device (5, 70, 80) which is movably coupled to one of the wheel-set units (2, 3; 12') and is intended to be fixed on vehicle body (17), and having at least one adjusting and/or restoring member (15, 15'; 45; 85), which is arranged between the two wheel-set units (2, 3; 12, 12').

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