EP0643816A1 - Verfahren und vorrichtung zur einstellung der rauchgastemperatur am austritt eines dampferzeugers. - Google Patents
Verfahren und vorrichtung zur einstellung der rauchgastemperatur am austritt eines dampferzeugers.Info
- Publication number
- EP0643816A1 EP0643816A1 EP93907804A EP93907804A EP0643816A1 EP 0643816 A1 EP0643816 A1 EP 0643816A1 EP 93907804 A EP93907804 A EP 93907804A EP 93907804 A EP93907804 A EP 93907804A EP 0643816 A1 EP0643816 A1 EP 0643816A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- flue gas
- gas temperature
- steam generator
- heating surface
- feed water
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/02—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters with water tubes arranged in the boiler furnace, fire tubes, or flue ways
- F22D1/12—Control devices, e.g. for regulating steam temperature
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method and a forward direction for adjusting the flue gas temperature at the outlet of a steam generator with a heat transfer betwee * the flue gas and the feedwater heating surface usable.
- Water-steam cycle is performed, steam is generated for a steam turbine.
- the flue gas is generated by burning a fossil fuel in a combustion chamber, e.g. generated in the combustion chamber of a smoldering furnace (EP-PS 0 340 537) or a gas turbine.
- the feed water flows inside the steam generator along a heating surface usually in the form of tubes or tube bundles and absorbs heat from the flue gas.
- the cooled flue gas is first cleaned when it leaves the steam generator and then released into the environment via a chimney.
- the scrubbing liquid mixed with the reaction products is evaporated by means of the flue gas leaving the steam generator, the dried reaction products being separated off.
- the flue gas temperature at the entrance to the cleaning system must not fall below a predetermined value.
- temperature increases while the efficiency of the steam generator with decreasing Rauchgas ⁇ at the same time the risk increases a Be t rubbed interference of the cleaning system.
- the flue gas temperature at the outlet of the steam generator is usually as low as possible above at full load the minimum permissible flue gas temperature for the cleaning system.
- partial load operation however, the flue gas temperature drops, so that there is a risk of malfunction in the cleaning system without special measures. It is therefore necessary, particularly in the case of partial load operation, to set or regulate the flue gas temperature at the outlet of the steam generator.
- the fuel is burned with an excess of air, so that the heat transfer is shifted into the convection train of the steam generator and the flue gas temperature rises at the outlet of the steam generator.
- the disadvantage here is the loss of usable heat due to the increased volume flow of the flue gas.
- a part of the hot flue gas is mixed with the cooled flue gas, bypassing the heating surface at the outlet of the steam generator, so that a predetermined flue gas temperature can be maintained.
- the disadvantage here is the provision of a voluminous flue gas bypass.
- temperature control is extremely difficult due to strands forming during the mixing.
- the feed water is preheated before it enters the steam generator by indirect heat exchange with steam, which is taken from the water-steam cycle of the steam turbine.
- steam which is taken from the water-steam cycle of the steam turbine.
- the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a particularly simple method for setting the flue gas temperature.
- the method should be suitable for control in which a reduction in the flue gas temperature at the outlet of the steam generator, the same entry of a cleaning system is safely avoided below a minimum value.
- the simplest possible device is to be specified with which a high overall efficiency can be achieved.
- this object is achieved according to the invention in that the heating surface which is effectively used for heat transfer is changed.
- sections of the heating surface which are arranged one behind the other in the flow direction of the feed water are switched on or off.
- the section of the heating surface closest to the outlet of the steam generator is first switched off.
- further sections in the opposite direction to the flow direction of the flue gas are switched off in succession.
- the object is achieved according to the invention in that the heating surface used by the flowing feed water can be controlled as a function of the flue gas temperature.
- the heating surface comprises a number of sections which can be switched on or off individually and which are arranged one behind the other in the flow direction of the flue gas and through which the feed water can flow in succession in the opposite direction.
- Each section can be connected to an actuator on the input side.
- each section can be conveniently has an entry collector for collecting feed water.
- the device advantageously comprises a controller on the output side connected to at least one actuator, the input variable of which is the actual value - the flue gas temperature.
- Figure 1 schematically shows a steam generator with upstream combustion chamber and downstream cleaning system
- Figure 2 shows a section II of Figure 1 on a larger scale with sections of a heating surface that can be switched on or off individually.
- the steam generator 1 shown in Figure 1 is e.g. Part of a smoldering and burning plant, not shown in detail. It comprises a combustion chamber 2, which is followed by a waste heat boiler 4 via a flue gas duct 3. Inside the Abhitze ⁇ boiler 4 are heating surfaces 5 in the form of tubes or tube bundles, e.g. hanging, arranged.
- the steam generator 1 is connected on the outlet side to a cleaning system 7 via a flue gas line 6.
- the cleaning system 7 comprises a spray dryer 8, which is followed by a separator 9, for example an electric filter, and a wet cleaner 10.
- the wet cleaner 10 is connected to the spray dryer 8 via a line 11.
- the flue gas line 6 opens into a chimney 12 behind the cleaning system 7.
- a temperature sensor 13 is provided, which is connected to a controller 14.
- the controller 14 is connected on the output side to a number of actuators, referred to as ganches with 15, in the form of valves 15a, 15b, 15c (FIG. 2).
- the actuators 15 influence the distribution of the feed water S entering the steam generator 1 via a line 30 to an economizer heating surface which serves to preheat the feed water S.
- the flue gas R generated in the combustion chamber 2 is guided through the steam generator 1 along the arrows shown. In this case, heat is transferred from the hot flue gas R via the heating surfaces 5 to the feed water S flowing in a water-steam cycle (not shown) of a steam turbine.
- the cooled flue gas R leaving the steam generator 1 is cleaned in the cleaning system 7.
- the flue gas temperature T. at the outlet of the steam generator 1 is still approximately 220 ° C. under full load operation.
- the cleaning takes place within the wet cleaner 10 by means of a washing liquid which contains alkaline components, for example sodium hydroxide.
- the alkaline constituents essentially form salts with acidic, for example chlorine-containing substances contained in the flue gas R as reaction products.
- the washing liquid together with the reaction products, is fed to the spray dryer 8 via line 11. There the washing liquid is evaporated by contact with the flue gas R.
- the reaction products dried simultaneously with the evaporation, ie essentially the salts, are separated in the filter 9.
- the flue gas R is cooled in the cleaning system 7 to a temperature of approximately 70 ° C. As FIG.
- each economizer heating surface 5 used to preheat the feed water S is divided into a number of sections one behind the other, preferably into three sections 20 to 22.
- Each of the sections 20, 21 and 22 is connected to a collector 23, 24, 25 and 26 both on the input side and on the output side.
- each of the sections 20 to 22 is connected to one of the valves 15a, 15b and 15c via the inlet manifolds 23, 24, 25.
- the valves 15a, 15b, 15c are connected to a common feed water line 30.
- the collector 26 is connected to the further heating surfaces 5 of the steam generator 1 via a line 31 in a manner not shown in detail.
- the feed water S is conducted in countercurrent to the flow direction of the flue gas R through meandering tube bundles 35, the walls of which form the heating surface 5.
- the flue gas R is cooled, the valve 15a first being open and the valves 15b and 15c being closed.
- valve 15b is first opened and valve 15a is closed.
- the valve 15c then remains closed. If the flue gas temperature T. drops further, e.g. When the flue gas temperature T. has reached the value which is just still permissible for trouble-free flue gas cleaning during partial load operation, the valve 15c is opened and the valve 15b is also closed.
- the sections 20 and 21 of the heating surface 5 are then switched off and
- the regulation takes place via the controller 14, which emits corresponding control signals to the valves 15a, 15b, 15c.
- the control signals are derived from a comparison value, which is formed from a deviation of the measured flue gas temperature T. (actual value) from a target value T.
- the device for temperature control accordingly comprises only short connecting lines on the feed water side between the feed water line 30 and at least two or more valves 15a, 15b, 15c.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Steam Boilers And Waste-Gas Boilers (AREA)
- Chimneys And Flues (AREA)
- Devices For Medical Bathing And Washing (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE4218016A DE4218016A1 (de) | 1992-06-01 | 1992-06-01 | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regelung der Rauchgastemperatur am Austritt eines Dampferzeugers |
DE4218016 | 1992-06-01 | ||
PCT/DE1993/000340 WO1993024790A1 (de) | 1992-06-01 | 1993-04-19 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur einstellung der rauchgastemperatur am austritt eines dampferzeugers |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0643816A1 true EP0643816A1 (de) | 1995-03-22 |
EP0643816B1 EP0643816B1 (de) | 1996-10-16 |
EP0643816B2 EP0643816B2 (de) | 2003-10-29 |
Family
ID=6460138
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP93907804A Expired - Lifetime EP0643816B2 (de) | 1992-06-01 | 1993-04-19 | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur einstellung der rauchgastemperatur am austritt eines dampferzeugers |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP0643816B2 (de) |
JP (1) | JPH07503530A (de) |
CN (1) | CN1044403C (de) |
DE (2) | DE4218016A1 (de) |
ES (1) | ES2094536T5 (de) |
WO (1) | WO1993024790A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0745807B1 (de) * | 1995-05-31 | 1999-07-14 | Asea Brown Boveri Ag | Dampferzeuger |
FI970438A0 (fi) * | 1996-12-19 | 1997-02-03 | Kvaerner Pulping Oy | Foerfarande i panna, saerskilt i sodapanna |
DE10004187C5 (de) * | 2000-02-01 | 2013-06-06 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren zum Betreiben einer Gas- und Dampfturbinenanlage sowie danach arbeitende Anlage |
US9297278B2 (en) | 2011-05-27 | 2016-03-29 | General Electric Company | Variable feedwater heater cycle |
JP5995685B2 (ja) * | 2012-11-27 | 2016-09-21 | クボタ環境サ−ビス株式会社 | 廃熱回収設備 |
DE102013211376B4 (de) * | 2013-06-18 | 2015-07-16 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Regelung der Eindüsung von Wasser in den Rauchgaskanal einer Gas- und Dampfturbinenanlage |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3040719A (en) * | 1952-04-21 | 1962-06-26 | Bailey Meter Co | Vapor generating and superheating systems |
US3807364A (en) * | 1972-07-20 | 1974-04-30 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Mixing header |
JPS5836243B2 (ja) * | 1979-12-15 | 1983-08-08 | 工業技術院長 | 蒸気発生器 |
DE3344712C1 (de) * | 1983-12-10 | 1985-04-18 | Balcke-Dürr AG, 4030 Ratingen | Dampferzeuger |
DK154731C (da) * | 1985-05-21 | 1989-05-08 | Burmeister & Wains Energi | Dampkedel med katalytisk roeggasbehandling samt fremgangsmaade ved drift af kedelen |
JP2592061B2 (ja) * | 1986-06-02 | 1997-03-19 | バブコツク日立株式会社 | 排熱回収ボイラ |
US4799461A (en) * | 1987-03-05 | 1989-01-24 | Babcock Hitachi Kabushiki Kaisha | Waste heat recovery boiler |
-
1992
- 1992-06-01 DE DE4218016A patent/DE4218016A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1993
- 1993-04-19 EP EP93907804A patent/EP0643816B2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-04-19 JP JP6500067A patent/JPH07503530A/ja active Pending
- 1993-04-19 ES ES93907804T patent/ES2094536T5/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-04-19 WO PCT/DE1993/000340 patent/WO1993024790A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1993-04-19 DE DE59304208T patent/DE59304208D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1993-05-28 CN CN93106571A patent/CN1044403C/zh not_active Expired - Lifetime
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
---|
See references of WO9324790A1 * |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE59304208D1 (de) | 1996-11-21 |
CN1044403C (zh) | 1999-07-28 |
ES2094536T3 (es) | 1997-01-16 |
WO1993024790A1 (de) | 1993-12-09 |
ES2094536T5 (es) | 2004-07-01 |
EP0643816B2 (de) | 2003-10-29 |
EP0643816B1 (de) | 1996-10-16 |
CN1080040A (zh) | 1993-12-29 |
JPH07503530A (ja) | 1995-04-13 |
DE4218016A1 (de) | 1993-12-02 |
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